2022届高三英语(人教版)总复习课时作业28 Word版含答案

课时作业28

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2021·海南省海口市第一中学月考)

Should every teenager be given a vaccine(疫苗)against the effects of nicotine, and

so prevent them becoming addicted to cigarettes?

This controversial possibility seems likely to happen in the future, thanks to the

development of a new vaccine for nicotine addiction. The vaccine was designed for

people who want to quit smoking but who repeatedly relapse(复发)．But since most

countries are failing to cut the number of children taking up smoking, many people will

want to know whether the vaccine should be used far more widely if it proves to be

effective.

“The vaccine will be tested first on relapsing smokers, then on those who plan to

quit, then on those who are not yet completely addicted，” says Frank Vocci of the

National Institute of Drug Abuse. “The final step would be vaccinating young people

before they even try smoking, but that's a long way down the road.”

John Roberts, medical director of British drug company Xenova, is very

enthusiastic. “I think prevention is a huge opportunity，” he says. “If you can take

away the pleasure nicotine gives, then teenagers who start smoking are more likely to

stop before it becomes a habit.”

80% of smokers start in their teens, with 360,000 teenagers and children in the

U．S. taking up the habit per year. But would the vaccine be given to all teenagers or

only a selected few? “It's hard to decide which children are most at risk of becoming

smokers，” says Amanda Sandford of Action on Smoking and Health. Instead she

favors education as a way of discouraging children from smoking. Nabi

Biopharmaceuticals is also cautious, “It is very difficult to know what is the right age to

give the vaccine to children.” There are also worries about giving the vaccine to long-term adult smokers. Will

addicted smokers simply try to beat the vaccine's antibodies(抗体)by smoking more?

Gary Norwith, Nabi's clinical director, says this would be almost impossible. “You'd

have to stick an entire pack of cigarettes in your mouth and smoke for hours to beat the

antibodies，” he says.

1．What's Roberts's attitude towards giving teens the vaccine?

A．Cautious. B．Positive.

C．Doubtful. D．Worried.

2．What may Sanford agree with?

A．Older children have the right to decide.

B．Children are most at risk of becoming smokers.

C．Every child should be given the vaccine.

D．It's important to educate children on the danger of smoking.

3．Norwith's words in the last paragraph suggest that ________.

A．the vaccine is effective in helping addicted smokers

B．it is hard for children to become long-term smokers

C．long-term adult smokers smoke for hours every day

D．he is worried about the vaccine's long-term effects

4．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Strong effects of nicotine.

B．Stop them before they start.

C．More teenagers become addicted.

D．Protect teenage nicotine addiction.

答案与解析

每个青少年都应当注射尼古丁疫苗来阻挡他们吸烟上瘾吗？本文围绕这一问题开放了争辩。

1．B 依据第四段中John Roberts, medical director of British drug company

Xenova, is very enthusiastic.“I think prevention is a huge opportunity，”可知Roberts持乐观态度。故选项B正确。

2．D 依据第五段Instead she favors education as a way of discouraging children

from smoking.一句可知Sanford认为重要的是要训练孩子们吸烟的危害。故答案选D。

3．A 依据最终一段中Will addicted smokers simply try to beat the vaccine's

antibodies(抗体)by smoking more? Gary Norwith, Nabi's clinical director, says this

would be almost impossible.可知Gary Norwith认为疫苗很有效。故答案A正确。

4．B 通读全文可知本文围绕“每个青少年都应当注射尼古丁疫苗来阻挡他们吸烟上瘾吗？”这一问题开放了争辩。故答案B正确。

Ⅱ.七选五

(2021·长安一中检测)

Having bad feeling about world? “Cheer up.” says science writer Matt Ridley.

“The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better

both for humans and for nature.” __1__

1)__2__

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in

London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty, our own

generation has access to more nutritious food, more convenient transport, bigger houses,

and better cars. __3__ This will continue as long as we use these things to make other

things. The more we specialize and exchange, the better off we'll be.

2)Brilliant advances

One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer lived and freer than ever

before is that the four most basic human needs—food, clothing, fuel and shelter—have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour's light cost

six hours' work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes' work to

pay for. __4__Today it's half second.

3 )Let's not kill ourselves for climate change

__5__ A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of