北京市西城区2018-2020年(三年)八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编：附加题

1 北京市西城区

2018-2020年（三年）七年级第二学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编

附加题

2019-2020学年北京市西城区八年级下学期期末考试英语试题

一、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共8分，每小题2分）

“What is your earliest memory?” For most people, the earliest memories are reported as

taking place at around the age of three or four. Catriona Morrison, a professor of the University of

Bradford believes that memories first appear when we are able to start telling stories about our

lives. In other words, they’re connected to storytelling and language.

Studying a person’s earliest memory is a difficult thing to do. For one thing, it can be quite

difficult to get someone to remember his/her earliest memory. For another, studying these kinds of

memories requires a researcher to place a lot of trust in the person trying to remember. I tested this

out by asking workers in the NS office about their earliest memories. Indra, our digital sub-editor,

says she thinks she remembers her mum shouting: “Nikki! Nikki! Diana’s dead!” Indra was two

and a half years old when Princess Diana died.

For those, like me, who are unable to think of a certain earliest memory off the top of their

heads, Morrison says she tries to make the task easier by asking people to describe their first

holiday or Christmas and how emotional the memory is for them. Following this, she will then ask

them about their earliest memory.

But which memories do we keep, and which do we lose? Morrison tells me that our early

memories are usually connected with some sort of emotion: good or bad. Dr. Tim Wildschut, a

professor of psychology at the University of Southampton, describes a study that he is working on

now, in which he asks people to keep a diary and to score each event on a number of dimensions

(方面). For example: how meaningful was that event? How much did it make you feel connected?

Did it raise your self-confidence? One year later, he will ask the subjects how nostalgic (怀旧的)

they feel when thinking about those events. With the results, Wildschut hopes to gain a model for

understanding which types of memories we keep, which ones we feel nostalgia for, and which are

simply lost.

2 Morrison, however, notes an interesting thing in our childhood memories. Recent studies

have shown that up until around the age of seven, children seem to be able to remember very early

events in their lives. However, after that age, those memories are somehow lost.

Nostalgia is a difficult feeling to describe, but it’s actually very important. Nostalgia is

needed in order to get a sense of self. Like any memory about life, it can come into the mind

through a photo, a certain smell, or a piece of music. Interestingly, studies show that music is not

usually present in our earliest memories, but forms a key part of later memories. Truly, in

considering how we form memories, it is clear that who we are is very important regarding what

we remember.

1. Indra’s story shows that ______.

A. people have similar earliest memories

B. our first memory began at a certain age

C. it is impossible to trust our earliest memories

D. it’s difficult to study people’s earliest memories

2. Morrison asks people to describe their first holiday to ______.

A. check if we can trust our earliest memories

B. see which memories we would like to keep

C. find out what people’s earliest memories are

D. test how we feel about our earliest memories

3. What is Dr. Tim Wildschut’s study about?

A. The meaning of childhood.

B. Different types of memories.

C. Memories and self-confidence.

D. The importance of keeping a diary.

4. Which might be the best title for the passage?

A. Who decides our earliest memories?

B. Are childhood memories meaningful?

C. When do children begin to have good memories?

D. Do we remember our earliest memories?

二、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。每个

3 单词只使用一次。（共12分，每小题2分）

warm (adj.) force (v.) easy (adj.) animal (n.) discover (v.) even (adv.)

Nobody knows when people began controlling fire. We do know that people have been using

fire for millions of years. Its many uses helped them to survive.

In the beginning, people probably used fire for three purposes: to stay warm, to keep wild

__5__ away, and to have light in the darkness. People built fires and stayed close to them because

bears and wolves would stay away from the flames (火焰). They slept near the fire for __6__, as

well.

Eventually, people discovered that roasted meat tasted good. Soon they were cooking their

meats and fish. Cooking kills germs. As a result, people became sick less often.

Early people thought of more uses for fire. Using smoky torches (火把), humans

__7__ bees to leave their hive. This resulted in the people getting honey. They __8__ that fire