英语语法之状语从句

  • 格式:doc
  • 大小:59.50 KB
  • 文档页数:6

高考语法之盘点状语从句中的连词结构

状语从句一直是高考英语考查的重点语法项目之一。因为状语从句类型有九种之多,且句中所使用的连词结构复杂多变,同学们常常疲于应对、顾此失彼。在此,作者将结合近五年的高考真题,盘点状语从句中最常考查的考点,以协助同学们做到复习时有的放矢,考试时胸有成竹。

一、让步状语从句

1.“疑问词+ ever”型连词与“no matter +疑问词”型词组:

1)这两者都能够引导状语从句,区别在于前者能够引导名词性从句,而后者则不能。

2)让步状语从句中,“疑问词+ ever”型连词和“no matter + 疑问词”型词组功能和意义相似,即:

whenever = no matter when (无论何时)

wherever = no matter where (无论哪里)

however = no matter how (无论怎样,无论多么,后面常接形容词或副词)

whatever = no matter what (无论什么,后面常接名词)

whoever = no matter who (无论是谁,任何人)

whichever = no matter which (无论哪个,任何一个)

【随堂练习1】

______ hungry i am, i never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of bread.

a. whatever b. wherever c. whenever d. however

分析:本题考查让步状语从句,题干的意思是:“无论我多么饥饿,似乎也吃不完这块面包。”空格后是形容词“hungry”,所以选择“however”表示“饥饿”的水准。准确答案为d。

【随堂练习2】

the how-to book can be of help to ______ wants to do the job.

a. who b. whomever c. no matter who d. whoever

分析:本题考查名词性从句,题干的意思是:“无论谁想干这份工作,入门指导书都能对其有所协助。”考生容易误选c项。但是如果仔细分析题干,明确“can be of help to”后是一个宾语从句(名词性从句)而非让步状语从句后就可排除c。进一步分析,“wants to do the job”缺少主语和关系代词,所以应选择“whoever”,相当于“some people who”或“anyone who”。故准确答案为d。

2.连词“although (though)”和“even if (even though)”

这类连词引导让步状语从句时,“even if”和“even though”可互换使用,“although”和“though”亦可互换使用,意为“即使,即使,虽然”等.

【随堂练习1】

many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______ they knew it to be valuable.

a. as if b. now that c. even though d. so that

分析:本题考查让步状语从句,题干的意思是:“即使他们知道他的建议很有价值,但绝大部分人都对其置若罔闻。”根据题意,准确答案为c。

【随堂练习2】

______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.

a. although b. as long as c. if only d. as soon as

分析:题干的意思是:“即使警察认为他最可疑,但因为没有确凿的证据,也还是没法逮捕他。”四个选项中只有“although”符合句意,准确答案为a。

3.连词结构“whether...or...”

这个连词结构的意思是“无论……或者/还是……”.

【随堂练习】

all people, ______ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the

disaster.

a. even if b. whether c. no matter d. however

分析:题干的意思是:“自从灾难发生以来,所有的人,无论是老年人还是年轻人,穷人还是富人,一直都在尽力协助那些需要协助的人。”准确答案为b。

4.连词while 1)连词while的用法较多,考查频率较高。引导让步状语从句时,while意为“即使……;虽然……”.

【随堂练习】

______ the internet is of great help, i don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.

a. if b. while c. because d. as

分析:本题考查让步状语从句。题干的意思是:“即使网络很有协助,我认为花费太多的时间上网并不是个好主意。”选择while表示让步,故准确答案为b。

2)while也可引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”。另外,while还可表示“when on the other hand (不过……)”,等于“whereas”.

【随堂练习】

in some place women are expected to earn money ______ men work at home and raise their children.

a. but b. while c. because d. though

分析:题干的意思是:“在一些地方,妇女在外挣钱,而男人则在家料理家务、照看孩子。”准确答案为b。

高中英语语法之条件状语从句

一、连词if

连词if 引导条件状语从句时表示“如果,假如”,既可引导真实条件状语从句,也可引导非真实条件句(虚拟语气)。

【随堂练习1】

small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ______ they are not managed carefully.

a. though b. before c. until d. if

分析:本题考查真实条件句,题干的意思是:“如果不仔细操作的话,小帆船很容易翻到水里”。准确答案为d。

【随堂练习2】

______ he had not hurt his leg, john would have won the race.

a. if b. since c. though d. when

分析:本题考查非真实条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设,题干的意思是:“要不是腿受了伤,约翰早就赢了比赛。”准确答案为a。

【随堂练习3】

—have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?

—yes. ______, i'm going to visit some homes for the old in the city.

a. if ever b. if busy c. if anything d. if possible

分析:本题考查省略了成分的条件句。提问者说:“你对即将到来的假期有什么特别打算吗?”回答者说:“有。如果可能的话,我打算去市里的一些老年人之家看看。”“if possible”为省略句,可还原为“if it is possible”,准确答案为d。

二、连词unless

引导条件状语从句时,unless意为“除非,如果不”,相当于“if not”,这个词在近年来的高考英语中出现的频率非常高,可谓百考不厌。

【随堂练习1】

a small car is big enough for a family of three ______ you need more space for baggage.

a. once b. because c. if d. unless

分析:题干的意思是:“如果你不需要更多的空间放置行李,那么一辆小车就充足一家三口乘坐了”,选用unless,相当于“if not”,用来替换这句话之后则变成:“a small car is big enough for a family of three, if you do not need more

space for baggage.”句意不变。所以准确答案为d。

【随堂练习2】

all the dishes in the menu, ______ otherwise stated, will serve two or three people.

a. as b. if c. though d. unless

分析:题干的意思是:“除非有特别说明,否则菜单上每道菜都够两到三个人吃”。准确答案为d。

【随堂练习3】

owen wouldn't eat anything ______ he cooked it himself. a. until b. since c. unless d.while

分析:题干的意思是:“欧文不吃任何东西,除非是他自己亲手做的”。准确答案为c。

三、连词once

1.连词once用于引导条件状语从句,意为“一旦,一旦……就……”.

【随堂练习1】

______ environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem (生态系统) to recover.