domestic violence英语课堂PPT演讲稿

Ladies and Gentlemen,Good morning/afternoon/evening. It is an honor to stand before you today to discuss a topic that is not only vital to our society but also deeply personal to each one of us. I am here to talk about the ongoing questfor women's rights, a journey that has spanned centuries and continues to evolve.As we gather here today, we are living in a time of unprecedented progress and change. Yet, despite the advancements we have made, the struggle for gender equality remains one of the most pressing issues of our time. It is a struggle that touches every corner of the globe, affecting women of all ages, races, cultures, and socioeconomic backgrounds.Let us begin by acknowledging the achievements that have been made in the fight for women's rights. Over the past few decades, we have seen significant progress in areas such as education, employment, andpolitical representation. Women have broken barriers, shattered glass ceilings, and paved the way for future generations. However, we must also recognize that these gains are far from being universally realized.The reality is that women around the world continue to face discrimination, violence, and oppression. In many parts of the world, women are denied the right to education, healthcare, and employment. They are subjected to harmful practices such as child marriage, female genital mutilation, and domestic violence. These issues are not just isolated incidents; they are systemic problems that have deep roots in our societies.To address these challenges, we must first acknowledge that gender inequality is not a women's issue; it is a human issue. It affects the fabric of our societies, economies, and families. When women are denied their rights, everyone suffers. Therefore, the fight for women's rights is a fight for the betterment of all humanity.In order to maintain the momentum of progress and ensure that the rights of women are protected, we must take several steps:1. Education: Education is the cornerstone of empowerment. By providing women with access to quality education, we can equip them with theskills and knowledge necessary to challenge societal norms andcontribute to their communities. We must advocate for policies that promote gender equality in education and ensure that girls have the same opportunities as boys.2. Economic Empowerment: Economic independence is crucial for women's empowerment. We must fight for fair wages, equal pay, and access to employment opportunities. Women should have the freedom to choose their careers and pursue their professional aspirations without discrimination or bias.3. Legal Protection: Laws must be in place to protect women from violence and discrimination. Governments must enforce these laws and hold perpetrators accountable. Additionally, we need to strengthen legal frameworks to ensure that women have access to justice and can seek redress when their rights are violated.4. Political Representation: Women must have a voice in the decision-making processes that affect their lives. We must strive for equal representation in all levels of government and ensure that women's perspectives are considered in policy-making.5. Cultural Change: Deep-seated cultural beliefs and norms often perpetuate gender inequality. We must work to challenge these beliefs and promote a culture of respect, equality, and inclusivity. This includes promoting positive role models and celebrating the achievements of women.6. Global Solidarity: The fight for women's rights is a global struggle. We must stand together, share resources, and support each other in our efforts to achieve equality. No country, culture, or community can achieve true progress in isolation.Ladies and Gentlemen,The quest for women's rights is a marathon, not a sprint. It requires persistence, courage, and unwavering determination. As we continue thisjourney, let us remember the words of the late Nelson Mandela, who once said, "Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world."In conclusion, I urge each and every one of you to join the fight for women's rights. Whether you are a man or a woman, young or old, rich or poor, your voice matters. Together, we can create a world where all women have the freedom to live, learn, and lead without fear or discrimination.Let us be the generation that not only recognizes the importance of gender equality but also actively works towards achieving it. Let us be the generation that leaves a legacy of justice, peace, and prosperityfor all.Thank you.。

英语演讲稿2分钟家暴Comrades:Today, the city to maintain the legitimate rights and interests of women and children in the joint and "peace family" to create activities leading group work against domestic violence in the city to promote family peace conference, the efforts to prevent and stop family violence cases in recent years, exchange experience against domestic violence, the key deployment of implementation of domestic violence warning system, This is of great significance to the comprehensive promotion of the city against domestic violence and the promotion of family safety. Next, I will talk about some situations and opinions on the public security organs of the city to carry out the work of opposing domestic violence and promoting family safety.In recent years, the city's public security organs actively work with women's federations at all levels to conscientiously organize and carry out work against domestic violence, effectively promoting family peace and maintaining social stability. According to statistics,since 20XX, the city's public security organs received a total of more than 1000 cases of domestic violence disputes, directly transferred more than 800 cases, handled 112 cases according to law, timely rescue women suffered domestic violence against 230 times; A total of 28 cases of various types were established, and 22 suspected criminals were punished. The work is mainly done in three aspects: first, take "110" alarm disposal as the starting point to promote the construction of the organization network. Relying on the "110" police service desk, police station, police room and other first-line units, the municipal public security organs have built an anti-domestic violence disposal network that covers the whole region and the whole time. Second, we will promote institutional building by standardizing law enforcement. All kinds of police departments of public security organs at all levels in The city, based on their post functions, have perfected the working mechanism of domestic violence police situation disposal, on-site investigation, public order mediation and other work mechanisms according to the requirements of standardized construction of law enforcement, and formed a work system against domestic violence with clearresponsibilities and smooth circulation. Third, we will focus on learning and training to promote capacity building. Focusing on the duties and tasks of public security organs in the prevention and suppression of domestic violence, local police have been organized to learn relevant policies and laws, handling skills and working norms in various forms such as special training, meeting training and rotating training.Although the public security organs have done some work against domestic violence, remarkable results have also been achieved. However, due to the lack of legal protection, the absence of community prevention and control and the lack of self-protection awareness of victims, domestic violence is still an important factor affecting social harmony and stability. To oppose domestic violence, promote family safety and maintain social stability is a long-term and arduous task facing the public security organs, which must be paid close attention to and unremitting. Below, I on the city's public security organs to further do a good job against domestic violence work to raise four aspects of the requirements.First, raise ideological awareness, put the work against domesticviolence on an important position. Family violence is a kind of social evils, it not only destroyed the family harmony, family member's personal rights have been infringed, and cause serious damage to the peace and progress of the society, the city's public security organs at all levels should stand in the height of the construction of "four xx", wave function fully, properly dispose of marriage and family conflicts, actively prevent and stop family violence effectively, We will give greater priority to combating domestic violence, strengthen efforts to identify and resolve the root causes of conflicts and disputes, and strive to solve prominent problems affecting social harmony and stability to ensure that people live and work in peace and contentment and society is stable and orderly.2. Strengthen working measures and improve the handling mechanism of domestic violence. The public security organs at all levels in the city should give full play to their functions and roles, take solid and effective measures to further promote the in-depth development of anti-domestic violence work, and constantly improve the handling mechanism of domestic violence. At present, we should focus on strengthening the work of four links: first, weshould strengthen the process of receiving and disposing police. To make full use of domestic violence complaint reporting network, effectively strengthen the prevention and stop domestic violence first checkpoint. Second, we need to strengthen investigation and evidence collection. To grasp the particularity of domestic violence cases, in accordance with the requirements of the standardized construction of law enforcement, comprehensive use of sound recording, video and other forms, comprehensive collection of fixed domestic violence scene evidence. Third, we need to strengthen mediation for public security. We should firmly establish the concept of "mediation is also law enforcement", further standardize the procedures, establish standards, improve methods, and raise the efficiency of mediation, and strive to resolve problems at the early stage and in the bud. Fourth, we will intensify investigation and crackdown. Where domestic violence constitutes a crime, public security organs shall perform their duties according to law, resolutely investigate and punish, and ensure that the perpetrators are duly punished.Three, grasp the focus of work, comprehensive organization andimplementation of domestic violence warning system. An important item on the agenda of the meeting was the comprehensive city-wide deployment of a domestic violence warning system. From the second half of last year, Binhu branch started the pilot work of domestic violence warning system, practice has proved that this system to prevent and stop domestic violence played a good role in alleviating. Recently, the municipal court, procuratorate, public security bureau and the women's federation based on superior file spirit, combining the reality of our city jointly formulated the measures for the implementation of the warning system of domestic violence, decided from now on in the city's comprehensive deployment of the implementation of domestic violence warning system, the city's public security organs to seriously implement the, and key in the actual work the following three aspects: one is warned to moderately. To grasp the scope and conditions of family violence warning book release, truly understand the purpose and significance of warning book release, not only to prevent not speaking of principle, multiple indiscriminate, but also to prevent forethought, less hair not hair. Second, implementation should bein place. Warning process is the education process of domestic violence perpetrators. In the implementation process, all localities must strictly follow the requirements of the implementation measures to organize the police to warn the perpetrators face to face. If necessary, they can be delivered by mail or announcement to ensure that warnings are in place. Third, procedures should be standardized. In the implementation of the law enforcement in strict accordance with the requirements of the standard, do rigorous investigation and evidence collection, strict examination and approval process, strict file management, to ensure that the warning work standard and orderly.Fourth, close collaboration between departments and constantly improve the overall synergy of the work against domestic violence. It is the common responsibility of the whole society to oppose domestic violence and promote family safety. It is a complex social system project that requires concerted efforts of all relevant parties to form synergy. In the work, public security organs at all levels should closely cooperate in three aspects: first, they should closely cooperate with women's federations. We should take theinitiative to strengthen cooperation with women's federations at all levels, further improve working mechanisms such as alarm and complaint, joint mediation and legal aid, further improve information circulation channels, build linkage platforms and share information resources, and form a working pattern of division of responsibilities and mutual linkage. Second, we should closely cooperate with the inspection department. If there is any objection to the implementation of the warning system, it shall take the initiative to communicate and coordinate with the procuratorial and legal departments, and strictly prevent the substitution of warning for administrative or criminal punishment. If domestic violence constitutes a crime, it is necessary to take the initiative to invite the procuratorial department to intervene in advance and correctly use legal weapons to fight crime. Third, close cooperation between police departments. The police station is the main body to implement the warning system of domestic violence. The community police should timely grasp the situation of domestic violence cases under their jurisdiction, actively cooperate with the receiving and handling police to carry out investigation andevidence collection, and specifically undertake the implementation of the warning system. Domestic violence clues found by relevant police departments in 110 reception and handling, case investigation, dispute mediation and other work should be promptly handed over to local police stations, urging and supporting police stations and community police to carry out their work in accordance with the law, and constantly improving the overall combat effectiveness of the work against domestic violence.Comrades, opposing domestic violence and promoting family peace is an important task concerning social harmony and stability. The city's public security organs at all levels to earnestly implement the spirit of the deployment of this meeting, to do a good job against domestic violence, promote family peace work, for the construction of the "four XX", to achieve the "second first" to make new greater contribution!That's all for my speech. Thank you.。

Domestic Violence and AbuseIn the late August of 2011, China and the world were gripped by a set of pictures in the internet that showed Li Yang, the founder of "Crazy English",often beat his American wife since their marriage.It set the public to wag their tongue .Some stick by his side and even take their wives as mere outlets for unthinking labors and machines just for producing children.Others are strongly against him and believe that it really ruin his reputation and set bad example to the world.Those who hold the first opinion suggest that there are still vestiges of feudal ideas that men have absolute dominance of family .However, others question that while the whole China is building an orderly and harmonious society, how we can tolerate such inharmonious tone.What's more,they argue that the celebrities themselves should shoulder responsibility of directing the public to establish a right outlook on the values .For me ,suppose that there are many female in the world who are suffering from the domestic violence, I can’t overcome my inner feeling of dread .That’s a real blow to both family relationships and children development.So I strongly advocate definite legal documents where women can be under the umbrella and entitled to the true equality.Besides,everyone must spare no effort to assume the due obligations to observe social morality right now.。

I'm here today to talk about a disturbing question, which has an equally disturbing answer. My topic is the secrets of domestic violence, and the question I'm going to tackle is the one question everyone always asks: Why does she stay? Why would anyone stay with a man who beats her? I'm not a psychiatrist, a social worker or an expert in domestic violence. I'm just one woman with a story to tell.0:42I was 22. I had just graduated from Harvard College. I had moved to New York City for my first job as a writer and editor at Seventeen magazine. I had my first apartment, my first little green American Express card, and I had a very big secret. My secret was that I had this gun loaded with hollow-point bullets pointed at my head by the man who I thought was my soulmate, many, many times. The man who I loved more than anybody on Earth held a gun to my head and threatened to kill me more times than I can even remember. I'm here to tell you the story of crazy love, a psychological trap disguised as love, one that millions of women and even a few men fall into every year. It may even be your story.1:39I don't look like a typical domestic violence survivor. I have a B.A. in English from Harvard College, an MBA in marketing from Wharton Business School. I've spent most of my career working for Fortune 500 companies including Johnson & Johnson, Leo Burnett and The Washington Post. I've been married for almost 20 years to my second husband and we have three kids together. My dog is a black lab, and I drive a Honda Odyssey minivan. (Laughter)2:08So my first message for you is that domestic violence happens to everyone -- all races, all religions, all income and education levels. It's everywhere. And my second message is that everyone thinks domestic violence happens to women, that it's a women's issue. Not exactly. Over 85 percent of abusers are men, and domestic abuse happens only in intimate, interdependent, long-term relationships, in other words, in families, the last place we would want or expect to find violence, which is one reason domestic abuse is so confusing.2:48I would have told you myself that I was the last person on Earth who would stay with a man who beats me, but in fact I was a very typical victim because of my age. I was 22, and in the United States, women ages 16 to 24 are three times as likely to be domestic violence victims as women of other ages, and over 500 women and girls this age are killed every year by abusive partners, boyfriends, and husbands in the United States.3:22I was also a very typical victim because I knew nothing about domestic violence, its warning signs or its patterns.3:30I met Conor on a cold, rainy January night. He sat next to me on the New York City subway, and he started chatting me up. He told me two things. One was that he, too, had just graduated from an Ivy League school, and that he worked at a very impressive Wall Street bank. But what made the biggest impression on me that first meeting was that he was smart and funny and he looked like a farm boy. He had these big cheeks, these big apple cheeks and this wheat-blond hair, and he seemed so sweet.4:05One of the smartest things Conor did, from the very beginning, was to create the illusion that I was the dominant partner in the relationship. He did this especially at the beginning by idolizing me. We started dating, and he loved everything about me, that I was smart, that I'd gone to Harvard, that I was passionate about helping teenage girls, and my job. He wanted to know everything about my family and my childhood and my hopes and dreams. Conor believed in me, as a writer and a woman, in a way that no one else ever had. And he also created a magical atmosphere of trust between us by confessing his secret, which was that, as a very young boy starting at age four, he had been savagely and repeatedly physically abused by his stepfather, and the abuse had gotten so bad that he had had to drop out of school in eighth grade, even though he was very smart, and he'd spent almost 20 years rebuilding his life. Which is why that Ivy League degree and the Wall Street job and his bright shiny future meant so much to him. If you had told me that this smart, funny, sensitive man who adored me would one day dictate whether or not I wore makeup, how short my skirts were, where I lived, what jobs I took, who my friends were and where I spent Christmas, I would have laughed at you, because there was not a hint of violence or control or anger in Conor at the beginning. I didn't know that the first stage in any domestic violence relationship is to seduce and charm the victim.5:51I also didn't know that the second step is to isolate the victim. Now, Conor did not come home one day and announce, "You know, hey, all this Romeo and Juliet stuff has been great, but I need to move into the next phase where I isolate you and I abuse you" — (Laughter) — "so I need to get you out of this apartment where the neighbors can hear you scream and out of this city where you have friends and family and coworkers who can see the bruises." Instead, Conor came home one Friday evening and he told me that he had quit his job that day, his dream job, and he said that he had quit his job because of me, because I had made him feel so safe and loved that he didn't need to prove himself on Wall Street anymore, and he just wanted to get out of the city and away from his abusive, dysfunctional family, and move to a tiny town in New England where he could start his life over with me by his side. Now, the last thing I wanted to do was leave New York, and my dream job, but I thought you made sacrifices for your soulmate, so I agreed, and I quit my job, and Conor and I left Manhattan together. I had no idea I was falling into crazy love, that I was walking headfirst into a carefully laid physical, financial and psychological trap.7:20The next step in the domestic violence pattern is to introduce the threat of violence and see how she reacts. And here's where those guns come in. As soon as we moved to New England -- you know, that place where Connor was supposed to feel so safe -- he bought three guns. He kept one in the glove compartment of our car. He kept one under the pillows on our bed, and the third one he kept in his pocket at all times. And he said that he needed those guns because of the trauma he'd experienced as a young boy. He needed them to feel protected. But those guns were really a message for me, and even though he hadn't raised a hand to me, my life was already in grave danger every minute of every day.8:08Conor first physically attacked me five days before our wedding. It was 7 a.m. I still had on my nightgown. I was working on my computer trying to finish a freelance writing assignment, and I got frustrated, and Conor used my anger as an excuse to put both of his hands around my neck and to squeeze so tightly that I could not breathe or scream, and he used the chokehold to hit myhead repeatedly against the wall. Five days later, the ten bruises on my neck had just faded, and I put on my mother's wedding dress, and I married him.8:51Despite what had happened, I was sure we were going to live happily ever after, because I loved him, and he loved me so much. And he was very, very sorry. He had just been really stressed out by the wedding and by becoming a family with me. It was an isolated incident, and he was never going to hurt me again.9:15It happened twice more on the honeymoon. The first time, I was driving to find a secret beach and I got lost, and he punched me in the side of my head so hard that the other side of my head repeatedly hit the driver's side window. And then a few days later, driving home from our honeymoon, he got frustrated by traffic, and he threw a cold Big Mac in my face. Conor proceeded to beat me once or twice a week for the next two and a half years of our marriage. 9:46I was mistaken in thinking that I was unique and alone in this situation. One in three American women experiences domestic violence or stalking at some point in her life, and the CDC reports that 15 million children are abused every year, 15 million. So actually, I was in very good company.10:09Back to my question: Why did I stay? The answer is easy. I didn't know he was abusing me. Even though he held those loaded guns to my head, pushed me down stairs, threatened to kill our dog, pulled the key out of the car ignition as I drove down the highway, poured coffee grinds on my head as I dressed for a job interview, I never once thought of myself as a battered wife. Instead, I was a very strong woman in love with a deeply troubled man, and I was the only person on Earth who could help Conor face his demons.10:51The other question everybody asks is, why doesn't she just leave? Why didn't I walk out? I could have left any time. To me, this is the saddest and most painful question that people ask, because we victims know something you usually don't: It's incredibly dangerous to leave an abuser. Because the final step in the domestic violence pattern is kill her. Over 70 percent of domestic violence murders happen after the victim has ended the relationship, after she's gotten out, because then the abuser has nothing left to lose. Other outcomes include long-term stalking, even after the abuser remarries; denial of financial resources; and manipulation of the family court system to terrify the victim and her children, who are regularly forced by family court judges to spend unsupervised time with the man who beat their mother. And still we ask, why doesn't she just leave?12:00I was able to leave, because of one final, sadistic beating that broke through my denial. I realized that the man who I loved so much was going to kill me if I let him. So I broke the silence. I told everyone: the police, my neighbors, my friends and family, total strangers, and I'm here today because you all helped me.12:33We tend to stereotype victims as grisly headlines, self-destructive women, damaged goods. The question, "Why does she stay?" is code for some people for, "It's her fault for staying," as ifvictims intentionally choose to fall in love with men intent upon destroying us.12:57But since publishing "Crazy Love," I have heard hundreds of stories from men and women who also got out, who learned an invaluable life lesson from what happened, and who rebuilt lives -- joyous, happy lives -- as employees, wives and mothers, lives completely free of violence, like me. Because it turns out that I'm actually a very typical domestic violence victim and a typical domestic violence survivor. I remarried a kind and gentle man, and we have those three kids. I have that black lab, and I have that minivan. What I will never have again, ever, is a loaded gun held to my head by someone who says that he loves me.13:50Right now, maybe you're thinking, "Wow, this is fascinating," or, "Wow, how stupid was she," but this whole time, I've actually been talking about you. I promise you there are several people listening to me right now who are currently being abused or who were abused as children or who are abusers themselves. Abuse could be affecting your daughter, your sister, your best friend right now.14:25I was able to end my own crazy love story by breaking the silence. I'm still breaking the silence today. It's my way of helping other victims, and it's my final request of you. Talk about what you heard here. Abuse thrives only in silence. You have the power to end domestic violence simply by shining a spotlight on it. We victims need everyone. We need every one of you to understand the secrets of domestic violence. Show abuse the light of day by talking about it with your children, your coworkers, your friends and family. Recast survivors as wonderful, lovable people with full futures. Recognize the early signs of violence and conscientiously intervene, deescalate it, show victims a safe way out. Together we can make our beds, our dinner tables and our families the safe and peaceful oases they should be.15:40Thank you.15:42(Applause)。

Title: Is domestic violence a “purely ‘private’ problem” or a “national social problem”? Illustrate your answer with appropriate research.Domestic violence is no longer a ‘privateproblem’BSc (Hons) Criminology & Criminal JusticeName: Guo BinghuiIntroductionDomestic violence has a quite long history. Before the fourteenth century, there is a recorded case of a woman seeking escape from her abusive husband (Lorna and Smith, 1989). However, at that time, domestic violence was considered as part of the private sphere of family life, thus people believed that domestic violence against women was only a purely private problem that happened closed doors. However, domestic violence has been beginning to affect society and has become a pervasive social matter which has large influenced health of our community. Pryke and Thomas (1998) claim that domestic violence is related to the fact that women suffer structural disadvantages and discrimination in a society which is dominated by men. The problem exists in the whole world and in all social classes and it affects women's employment and their ability to implement their working duties fully. Most of the early study into domestic violence are often focussed on the individual causes, such as mental ill, alcohol and drugs, thus neglected social factors. In fact, according to studies for domestic violence currently, most scholars consider domestic violence belongs to a national social problem over private problem. The aim of this essay is to discuss the fact that domestic is a social problem. The discussion will be divided into three parts: firstly, we must understand what domestic violence is and its causes. Next, this essay states feminists’ view to explain that domestic violence is social problem. Finally, this essay argues relationship between crime, economy and employment and domestic violence.What is domestic violenceBefore arguing the problem, firstly, what domestic violence is should be considered. Sarantakos (2001) claims that it is a precondition of effective domestic violence research to have a clear and accurate definition. There are many different definitions of domestic violence. According to Women’s Aid:Domestic violence is physical, sexual, psychological or financial violencethat takes place within an intimate or family-type relationship and that formsa pattern of coercive and controlling behaviour. (Women’s Aid, 2005: 2)However, there is no agreed definition because there are different perspectives. For example, the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (CFCASS) (2007) refers to:Patterns of behaviour characterised by the misuse of power and control byone person over another who are or have been in an intimate relationship. Itcan occur in mixed gender relationships and same gender relationships andhas profound consequences for the lives of children, individuals, families andcommunities. (CFCASS, 2007: 2)Although a few researchers consider that these definitions of domestic violence are narrow, not representative and discriminatory, there are similar features in the definitions. The first corresponding point is that perpetrator and victim have an intimate relationship, such as married partners, cohabitants, gay and lesbian couples. Secondly, there is an abuse of power and control, such as coercion, isolation, intimidation and threats.Causes of domestic violenceAbusers choose violence to gain or maintain power and control they want over the victim. Their behaviour is often linked to a lot of causes. There are many different theories which analyse the causes of domestic violence. They include social theories which consider external factors, such as family structure, stress and social learning and psychological theories which consider personality traits and mental characteristics of the offender (Women’s Aid, 2005). Some writers argue that the real cause of domestic violence should be psychological factor and its value should be higher than value of social, cultural and economic factors (Sarantakos, 2001). However, most of researchers believe that violence is caused by men and psychological factors are only a private matter, therefore, policies should be towards punishing men and protecting women (Sarantakos, 2001).However, other factors are concerned with domestic violence including religion, alcohol and drugs, mental illness and classism. First, in some countries, religion plays a significant role in society and there is a long history of religion affecting family,especially in the Arabian and European areas (Pryke and Thomas, 1998). Followers of certain faiths may believe that women are men’s subordination and only men’s can possess of power. For example, in Northern Ireland there is a great proportion of Catholic (17%) and Protestant (15%) respondents which claimed to have been victims of some of domestic violence at home at some time (Freel, R. and Robinson, E., 2005: 5). Second, many researchers argue whether alcohol and drug leads abusers to abuse their victims. According to Women’s Aid (2005), some people who drink heavily or take drugs do not abuse their partner or family members and they consider that using alcohol and drugs is only abuser’s excuse for behaviour ( Women’s Aid, 2005). They may say “I was drunk” or “I don’t remember”. However, other people claim that a small number of people do not still control own awareness and knowledge after drinking and taking drug. So the cause is still argued. Third, mental illness is also weak factor as it has to be judged whether there is an awareness and knowledge about the consequences of his actions. If the abuser is random and unpredictable, mental illness is possibility (Women’s Aid, 2005). Finally, Johnson et al. (2004) consider that poor families are more likely to experience domestic violence. Because of various causes such low-income, housing problem and unemployment, people in the pooper classes often have more violent behaviour around them, so Muncie and McLaughlin (2001) claim that domestic violence occur easier in the blue-collar class than in white-collar class.Feminist discourses on domestic violenceFeminism has played a significant role in tackling the real problem of domestic violence. Since the 1970s, feminists began a number of small and large types of campaign, which first focused on rape and domestic violence. The political campaigning movements successfully made government understand that domestic violence was not just private problem. In 1975, a report from a House of Commons Select Committee on Violence in Marriage established the abuse of women within their homes as social problem (Muncie and McLaughlin, 2001: 208), but not as crime. Dobash, R. and Dobash, E. (1999) claim that domestic violence is an intentionalbehaviour, which is chosen by men as an approach related to controlling and dominating women.Most feminists agree that all violence reflects unequal power relationship, so domestic violence is also a reflection of unequal power between men and women (Lorna and Smith, 1989). For example, liberal feminists consider that domestic violence is a product of sexual discrimination and focus on inequality between male and female. However, socialist feminist believe that it is a product of a patriarchal capitalist. Dobash, R. and Dobash, E. (1999) utilize patriarchy to explain why women do not leave when domestic takes place. Patriarchy is made up of two elements: the structural and the ideological. The former is a “social institution which defines and maintains women’s subordinate position and thus prevents them from influencing or changing the social order and the latter is the socialisation process which ensures acceptance of that order” (Lorna and Smith, 1989: 23). In contrast to liberal feminism, radical feminists emphasize man’s control and dominance over women and they focus more on the problem of men’s oppression of women rather than on the other social factors that lead to women’s subordination (Walklate, 2004). Other radical feminists presume that all men use the same way in violence towards women to express their masculinity (Walklate, 2004).Domestic violence is a ‘criminal behaviour’According to British Crime Survey (BCS) (1996), in the UK, since 1981 the largest rise in violent crimes has been in incidents of domestic violence and two females are killed by their partner or ex-partner for one week (cited in Walby, S. and Allen, J., 2004). In Northern Ireland, there are more than four times as many domestic related crimes as drug offences (Women’s aid, 2005). Based on the statistics we find that domestic violence has not only been a purely private problem, but has been a problem of crime. This reason is that in the behaviours of domestic violence there are lots of serious violence behaviour, such as murder, attempted murder, attempted rape and sex with rape. The statistics from Women’s Aid (2005) indicate that 20% of all attempted murders have a domestic motivation in Northern Ireland. Domestic violence has beenconcerned with criminal behaviour. Julian (1980) claim that “crime is widely seen as one of our most pressing social problem” (Julian, 1980: 162), so domestic violence should be a national social problem and need be intervened by some strong strategies of state. However, in the past, most of law can less consider female’s right and protection of female. During the nineteenth century, feminists raised movements, which changed laws for protecting women’ rights (Edwards, 1989). After that, government reform and constitute relational laws. For example, in 1853 the Aggravated Assault Act “devised for the better prevention and punishment of aggravated assaults upon women and children” (Edwards, 1989: 52). Next, government found the Governor’s Committee on Domestic Violence with responsibility for controlling violence behaviour(Pryke and Thomas, 1998). The method in the limited extent restricts appearance of behaviour of domestic violence.Social-economic and domestic violenceThere are a lot of forms of domestic violence which are related to lack of access to economic resources. Reverend Lke, New York City black minister, said that “The lack of money is the root of all evil” (McVeigh, F. and Shostak, A., 1978: 231). The abuser desires to obtain power by controlling victim’s financial resources. This is a typical type of domestic violence which takes place the low income households. Under these conditions, victims can not usually leave the family because women may ‘have not real access to the family income’ (Pryke and Thomas, 1998: 74) and cannot survive financially upon leaving the family. The result is that violent behaviour will continue to form a cycle. Johnson et al. (2004) believe that abusers create economic dependency by bereaving their partners of access to family and personal income. On the other hand, domestic violence also results in lower income households. For example, violent partners often have many physical abuses such as hitting, nipping, punching and starving, and as a result, victims have to disrupt employment or “escape the violence and rebuild a new household”(Walby, S. and Allen, J., 2004: 48).Impact on EmploymentDomestic violence also impacts on women’ employment and this violence often takes place in the workplace. According to Kury and Smartt (2006), in UK there were 1.7 million records which were reported to attack on women in the workplace between 1993 and 1997. In America, current or former husbands and boyfriends commit more than 13,000 non-fatal acts of aggression or harassment against women on the job (Manitoba Women’s Directorate, 2002). However, domestic violence has not been a private problem any more. The violent behaviour makes employees suffer anxiety, stress and trauma. They even fear other employees focus on their body. The result of stress will lead to reduce productivity and absenteeism. Seriously, they will lose their jobs and link to a low-income. Furthermore, security professionals consider that domestic violence is a high security problem for businesses, since it directly influences a company’s productivity, morale and profits (Kury and Smartt, 2006). Kury and Smartt (2006) believe that this is a hidden cost, such cost to employ because of employee absences and a high sickness rate. In USA, 7.9 million workdays are lost every year due to domestic violence and there is a loss more than $700 million annually (Manitoba Women’s Directorate, 2002). Domestic violence has badly affect development of business, but then companies have taken some effective measures. Firstly, they offer trainings and workshops about domestic violence, which help employers and employees understand domestic violence and prevent it. Secondly, companies develop a domestic violence prevention policy for assisting employees who report status that she deal with problem at home and this policy also help protect the victim and other employees.ConclusionAs has been discussed above, domestic violence from private sphere has come into public sphere. It has not been a purely private matter but has been a national social matter, as it has been concerned with relational social problems, such as crime, employment and economy. At the same time, Researchers also tend to focus more on social causes which lead to domestic violence, such as social stress, religion and classism, but not private causes which are doubted by many researchers, such asmental illness and alcohol and drugs. Therefore, domestic violence has gradually received adequate attention in the community, as violate victims’ right is not only violated but socio-economic development of country is also affected. The state has tried to reduce domestic violence by legislative changes and the local government and social institutions also respond to this problem and invest in protecting victims and prevention. This essay is only a limited discussion and relationship between domestic violence and social problems is not only several aspects, so domestic violence need be continued to explore and researchers should find some more effective strategies to respond to this problem.(2160 words)BibliographyCFCASS (2007), Domestic Violence Assessment Policy, Available from:/English/Publications/consultation/04DecDV%20Policy.pdf. [Accessed 21st Nov. 2007]Dobash, R. and Dobash, E. (1999) Changing Violent Men, London: Sage.Edwards (1989) Policing ‘Domestic’ violence, London: Sage.Freel, R. & Robinson, E. (2005) Experience of Domestic Violence in Northern Ireland: Finding from the 2003/04 Northern Ireland Crime Survey. NIO Research & Statistical Bulletin 5/2005. Belfast: NIO.Johnson et al. (2004) Consequences of Male Partner Violence for Low-Income Minority Women, Journal of Marriage and Family. 66, 472-490.Julian (1980) Social Problems 3rd edition. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.Kury, H. and Smartt, U. (2006) Domestic Violence: Recent Developments in German and English Legislation and Law Enforcement, European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 14(4), 382-407.Lorna and Smith (1989) Domestic Violence, London: HMSO.Manitoba Women’s Directorate (2002) Domestic Violence Prevention: A Workplace Initiative. Available from:http:// .mb.ca/wa/pdf_files/dvbook.pdf. [Accessed 21st Nov. 2007] McVeigh, F. and Shostak, A. (1978)Modern social problems, New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.Muncie and McLaughlin (2001) The problem of Crime 2nd edition, London: Sage. Pryke and Thomas (1998) Domestic Violence and Social Work, Aldershot: Ashgate. Sarantakos (2001)Domestic Violence Policies: Where Did We Go Wrong? Nuance, 26(3), 45-69.Walklate (2004) Gender, Crime and Criminal Justice 2nd edition, Devon: Willan Publishing.Walby, S. and Allen, J. 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关于霸凌的英语演讲稿Bullying is a serious problem that affects the lives of many children and teenagers. As we think about this issue, I believe we need to consider several key points.First, bullying causes tremendous harm. Victims often suffer physical injuries and emotional trauma that can last a lifetime. Bullying has been linked to poor academic performance, depression, anxiety, and even suicide. We cannot overlook the devastating impact bullying has on young lives.Second, no one deserves to be bullied, regardless of their appearance, behavior, background, or identities. Every child has intrinsic value and deserves to feel safe, accepted, and respected by their peers. Blaming victims for being bullied is never acceptable.Third, bullying takes many forms in the digital age. Cyberbullying using social media and cell phones can allow bullying to continue 24/7 and reach vast audiences instantaneously. We need better education about responsible digital citizenship and oversight of online platforms wherebullying occurs.Finally, we all have a responsibility to address this problem. Bystanders who witness bullying can make a huge difference by standing up for the victim, reporting the incident to authorities, and providing support for those being bullied. Small acts of kindness and courage can change lives when it comes to confronting bullying.The long-term solution lies in promoting empathy, diversity, and respect for all. We must nurture these values from an early age in our homes, schools, teams, and community organizations. If we want to prevent bullying, we must transform the culture.In conclusion, bullying harms us all by creating environments of fear, hostility, and intimidation. But if we stand together, speak up, and promote respect, we can make a real difference in the lives of countless children. Now is the time for action against this devastating issue.霸凌是一个严重的问题,它影响着许多儿童和青少年的生活。