• 胎儿期9-40周 细胞数量与体积增加,器官系统结构重组, 孕晚期发育迅速:体重增加3倍,身长增加2倍。孕末期体 重平均3250克,身长50厘米。
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6
The neonatal period 4wk新生儿期
• Adaptation to extrauterine life requires rapid and profound physiologic changes,including aeration of the lungs,rerouting of the circulation,and activation of the intestinal tract.To obtain nourishment,to avoid hypothermia or hyperthermia,and to ensure safety,neonates must react appropriately to an expanded range of sensory stimuli.
• 学龄期体重平均每年增加3-3.5公斤,身高增长6厘米。对 学龄期儿童的评价开始注重其社会化表现,如在学校的成 绩和家务劳动能力。注意力和语言能力互相影响并关系到 学习的其他方面。
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ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
17
Adolescence青春期12-20岁
• Foster the transition from childhood to adulthood.Between the ages of 10 and 20yr,children undergo rapid changes in body size,shape,physiology,and psychologic and social functioning.Adolescence proceeds across three distinct periods:early,middle,and late.However,individual variation is substantial.