非谓语动词非谓语动词作主语1．(2013·福建卷) ________basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A ．KnownB ．Having knownC ．KnowingD ．Being known解析： 句意为：懂得基本的急救技能有助于对紧急情况作出快速反应。
本题考查非谓语动词作主语。
分析题干可知非谓语动词短语作主语，因为过去分词不能作主语，排除A 项。
根据句意可知，空格处不是表达完成或被动意思，排除B 和D 项，故答案为C 项。
答案： C 2．(2011·北京卷)It’s important for the figures________regularly. A ．to be updated B ．to have been updated C ．to update D ．to have updated解析： 考查非谓语动词作状语。
句中的时间状语regularly 表示经常发生，因此排除B 、D 两项；又因为figures 是被更新的，故选A 项。
答案：A非谓语动词作状语3．(2013·湖南卷)________warm at night ，I would fill the woodstove ，then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.A ．StayingB ．St ayed [来源:][来源:]C ．To stayD ．Stay解析： 句意为：为了在夜里取暖，我总是把火炉填满，然后把闹钟定在午夜，以便我能再填满一次。
本题考查非谓语动词作状语。
根据上下文逻辑可知设空处表示目的，而四个选项中只有C 项作目的状语，故答案为C 项。
答案： C 4．(2013·安徽卷)________in the early 20th century ，the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.A ．To foundB ．FoundingC ．FoundedD ．Having founded解析： 句意为：这所学校建立于20世纪早期，并一直激励孩子们热爱艺术。
语法复习非谓语动词一不定式1 主语：it is + adj. + to doIt’s better to love someone you can’t have than to have someone you can’t love.It is impossible for people to stare directly at the sun.It is against the regulation for you to park your car here.It take time and effort to master English.It is my duty to help you with your English.2 宾语：v. + to doThe company refused to cooperate with us.He promised not to tell anyone about it.v. + wh- + to doI don’t know whether to answer his letter.This book shows you how to develop the lifelong habits for success.v.+ it + 宾补+ to doI think it hard to answer the question in one go.He feels it challenging to be an interpreter.There are over 100 night schools in the city, making it possible for a professional to be re-educated no matter what he does.The development of steel makes it possible to develop cars.The development of steel makes possible the development of cars.3 宾补：v. + object + to doallow me to drink to your success.They don’t allow people to smoke in the theatre.The chairman declared the meeting to be over.4 定语：n. + to doI have a letter to write.I need a pen to write with.She has 3 children to take care of.Have you got a key to unlock this door?I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.The next train to arrive is from Beijing.He is always the first to come and the last to leave.His refusal to cooperate makes us angry.I have no wish to change.Role playing is a safe and enjoyable way to learn English.There are two ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process.5 adj. + to doHe is interesting to listen to.He is easy to fool.He is afraid to be fooled.The food is ready to eat.The water is warm to swim in.The money is enough for you to buy books with.He is kind to help us. = It is kind of him to help us. = How kind of him it is to help us.6 做状语目的：Hating people is like burning down your own house to get rid of a rat.I quote others in order better to express myself.We had better start early so as to catch the train.To study English well, a lot of practices are needed. (wrong)结果：He lived to see the Second War.John left his hometown ten years ago, never to return.We hurried to the station, only to be told the train had just left.The ice is not thick enough to skate on.The tea is too hot to drink.I’m just too eager to help you.I’m only too pleased to help you.One is never too old to learn.He is too smart to see your point.7 独立成分To begin with / to make a long story short / to tell you the truth …8 I’m sorry to bother you, but can you send me Nancy’s phone number?I’m sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.I’m sorry to keep you waiting.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.Taking afternoon tea is a unique custom which is said to have started in the early 19th century. Bill was considered to have invented the telephone.I seem to have lost some weight.It seems to have rained last night.He is said to have studied abroad.9 非真实的过去I meant to have telephoned, but I forgot. = I had meant to telephone, but I forgot.Be to have done / would like to have done / should love to have done …He pretended to be listening attentively when the teacher came by.10 to的省略1）使役动词，感官动词2）had better, would rather, might as well, cannot but, can’t help but, cannot choose but…I cannot but admire his courage.3) more than, rather than, other than, than后：Teachers do much more than convey knowledge.Rather than wait any more, I decided to go home by taxi.No one could do other than admire it.4) do nothing / anything / everything but do及why not后：5) 并列结构中：Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later?但有对比强调之意时，保留to: To play fair is as important as to play well.二动名词1 It’s no good / no use doing sth.It’s no use crying over spilt milk.It’s not much use my buying that book if you have had it.It’s a waste of time talking to you.2 There is no point / use / good (in) doing sthThere’s little use in hurrying to get there.3 There is no doing sth.There is no telling what will happen tomorrow.There is no knowing the future.There is no denying the fact that…4 admit, advise, avoid, deny, imagine, risk, feel like, can’t help …5 look forward to, be used to, be accustomed to, get down to. ..6 have difficulty / trouble / a hard time … (in) doing sth.7 Do you mind me / my making a suggestion?The noise of the desks being opened and closed can be heard out in the street.He was awakened by someone knocking on the door.Clint insisted on my reading the letter.8 He narrowly escaped being run over.I still remember being taken to the zoo for the first time.He denied having been there.He regretted not having gone to university.I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad 2 years ago.9 主动表被动：need, want, require, deserve…He deserves shooting first.He deserves to shoot first.10 He spoke of there being danger.I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding on this point.三分词1 falling leaves / fallen leaves; boiling water / boiled water2 Looking out of the window, there are lots of people in the street.Arriving home, the door was found locked.3 独立分词结构：名词+ 分词Weather permitting, we’ll be going fishing tomorrow.All the money having been spent, we started looking for work.Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed.The Chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the other meaning opportunity.With + 名词+ 分词：The old man often takes a walk after supper with his dog following him.Generally / strictly speaking, judging from, allowing for, talking of, taking everything into consideration, supposing…4 分词作状语1) 条件：United we stand, divided we fall.Given more time, I would be able to complete it.2) 时间：Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.Reading the letter, she burst out crying.3) 原因：Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.It being so nice a day, let’s go out for a walk.4) 让步：Having lived in Canada for 3 years, he still can’t speak English well.Though understanding no Japanese, Charles was able to communicate with them.5) 结果：The cold breath of autumn had blown away the leaves of the old ivy vine, leaving it almost bare.It rained for 2 weeks on end, completely ruining our holiday.6) 方式：She came running hurriedly into her husband’s office.7) 伴随：She has her hands full every minute, fetching water, building the fire and washing.I found that for many years he was alone, wandering the campus, talking to no one, drinking coffee, smoking cigarettes, paging through piles of newspapers and magazines.5 分词作定语Are you going to attend the meeting to be held next month?The question being discussed is of great importance.Did you attend the meeting held last month in Shanghai?6 分词作补足语I saw the sun rising from behind the trees.The teacher noticed a girl student sitting near the door with her feet crossed and chewing gum.In the park you often see people do shadowboxing.I saw him doing shadowboxing when I came in.非谓语动词的用法对比练习:A. ①I want one magazine ______ . ( read )②My teacher wanted me ______ this question . ( answer )③The woman wanted her husband ______ at once . ( examine )④My bicycle wants _______ . ( repair )B. ①What made you ______ so ? ( think )②The girl was made _____ a man she didn't love at all . ( marry )③The show made me _______ in the study of science . ( interest )④He raised the picture to make everyone _______ clearly . ( see )⑤He raised his voice to make himself _______ . ( hear )⑥My father himself made some candles _______ light . ( give )⑦The boss made the workers _______ day and night . ( work )C. ①Y ou'd better get your own room _______ . ( clean )②Y esterday he got his wallet _______ . ( steal )③Y ou should get your friends _______ you . ( help )④The lecture got us _______ . ( think )⑤Don't get ________ in the rain . ( catch )D. ①Did you see somebody _______ into the room ? ( steal )②I saw him _______ in the room at that time . ( read )③She was glad to see her child ________ good care of . ( take )④I saw her _______ at the windows , thinking . ( seat )⑤She was seen ________ here . ( come )E. ①I like _______ very much . ( swim )②I don't like _______ TV at this time . ( watch )③He never likes _______ at the meeting . ( praise )④I feel like _______ to the cinema . ( go )⑤Would you like ______ with me ? ( go )F. ①The man ______ at the meeting now is from the south . ( speak )②I don't know the professor ______ at the meeting tomorrow . ( speak )③He is the professor _______ to dinner . ( invite )G. ①It was so cold and he had the fire _______ all night long . ( burn )②I have a lot of exercises ________ today . ( do )③"Do you have nay clothes _______ today ? "asked Mother . ( wash )④Y ou'd better have that bad tooth _______ out . ( pull )⑤I want to have him _______ a car for me . ( find )H. ①He doesn't do anything but _______ all day . ( play )②We have no choice but _______ . ( obey )③I'm thinking of how _______ my English . ( improve )④He made an apology for _____ late . ( be )I. ①He told us about his trip in an _______ voice . ( excite )②He told us his story in a _______ voice . ( tremble )③At the sight of a snake , the little girl was very _______ . ( frighten )④The boy was _______ , so I didn't believe him again . ( disappoint ) J. ①He is looking forward to ______ college . ( enter )②He is looking forward to _____ nothing . ( see )K. ①When he heard the news , he couldn't help ________ with joy . ( jump )②I couldn't help ______ by the beauty of nature . ( strike )③Sorry , I can't help ______ the housework today . ( do )L. ①______ enough time , we'll do it better . ( give )②______ a candle , he went on reading . ( light )③______ from the hill , the park looks more beautiful . ( see )④______ the people well , we must work hard at our lessons . ( serve )选择题：1．（1）Smoking means ______ yourself with your own hands．A. to killB. killedC. killingD. kill（2）I’m sorry, but I didn’t mean ______ you．A. to hurtB. hurtC. hurtingD. having hurt2．（1）I regret ____ you that your mother is absent in Beijing.（2）I don’t regret _____ her what I thought even if it might have upset her.A. to tellB. to tellingC. having toldD. tell3．（1）We don’t allow _____ in the reading room.（2）We don’t allow them _____ in the reading room.A.to smokeB. smokingC. smokeD.smoked4．（1）______ hard and you’ll make rapid progress in your English learning.（2）______ hard, you’ll make rapid progress in your English learning.A. WorkingB. To workC. WorkD. Worked5．（1）_____ , we went for a swim in the river.（2）_____, so we went for a swim in the river.A.Being hotB. It being hotC. As it hotD. It was hot6．（1）The flower needs ______ right now.A. waterB. wateringC. to waterD. being watered（2）The warm-blooded animals don’t need____.A. hibernateB. to hibernateC. hibernatingD. being hibernated 7．（1）I can’t help ____ when I hear that terrible noise.（2）He said he couldn’t help but ____ whenhe heard that terrible noise.A. laughingB. laughedC. laughD. being laughed（3）I can’t help ____ the room, for I am very busy now.A. cleanB. cleaningC. have cleanD. cleaned8．（1）In the _____ week we’ll have another exam.（2）In the week ____,we’ll have another exam.A. comingB. to comeC. comeD. came9．（1）_____from the tower, our Tianjin city looks more beautiful.（2）_____ from the tower, we can see our beautiful Tianjin city .A. SeeingB. SeenC. To seeD.Having see10．（1）The sport meet ______ next week is of great importance.（2）The sports meet ______ now is very important（3）The sports meet ____ last week is of great importance.A. holdingB. being heldC. to be heldD. held11．（1）He raised his voice in order to make us ___ him.（2）He raised his voice in order to make himself _____.A. heardB. hearingC. hearD. to be heard 12．（1）He stood there with his eyes _________ his mother．（2）He stood there, _______his mother．A. staring atB. stared onC. fixing uponD. fixed upon 13．（1）Most of us went to see her, ____ some girls.（2）Most of us went to see her, some girls ____.A. includeB. includingC. includedD. to include14．（1）He was surprised to see some villagers ____ there.（2）To his surprise, he saw some villagers _____ themselves.A. seatB. seatedC. seatingD. to seat15．（1）The man _____ Zhaosan used to live here.（2）The man ____ himself Zhaosan used to lived here.A. calledB. callingC. to callD. call16．（1）He had no choice but ________ at the bus-stop in the rain.（2）He had nothing to do but ________ at the bus-stop in the rain.A. to waitB. waitingC. waitD. should wait 17．（1）The book is used in English ________ countries.（2）To improve his ____ English, he practices speaking every day.A. spokenB. speakingC. to speakD. spoke18．（1）I’m not free this evening because I have a lot of things ______.（2） He was so lazy that he had all of his washing ______.A. to doB. to be doneC. doingD. done（3）I won’t have you ________ to your mother like that．A. to speakB. spokenC. speakingD. speak19．（1）He often see them _______ football on the playground.（2）The missing boys were last seen _____ near the river.A. playingB. playedC. playD. to play20．（1） We are considering _______up a new factory here in this town．（2） We are considering how ______ up a new factory here in this town．（3） The boy is considered ________ a good example to his classmates．A. settingB. to setC. to have setD. having set21．（1）I’d like ____ you for advice on how to learn English.（2）I’d rather ______ my teacher for help with my English.A.to askB. askingC. askedD. ask22．（1）Soon he has got used to _____ in such a climate.（2）He used to ______ in such a climate when he was in the army.A.livingB. livedC. having livedD. live23．（1）Mr Li is said ______ abroad? but I don’t know which country he studied in．（2）Mr Li is said ______ abroad? but I don’t know which country he is studying in．A. to studyB. to have studiedC. to be studyingD. having studie 24．（1）He did what he could __________ down the weeping woman.（2）He said he could _____ down the weeping woman.A. to calmB. calmC. calmingD. calmed25．（1）I insist that you ______ me my money back．（2）I insisted on your __________me my money back．A. giveB. to giveC. givingD. would give（3）The old man insisted that I ______ his wallet．A. has takenB. tookC. should takeD. had taken26．（1）I don't enjoy _____ fun of others.（2）I don't enjoy _____ fun of by others.A. to makeB. to be madeC. makingD. being made27．（1）If time _____, I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.（2）Time _____, I'll go to see my friends tomorrow.A. permittedB. permitsC. permittingD. permit28．（1）He had no choice but ____ aloud the text in the classroom..（2）He did nothing but _____ aloud the text in the classroom..A. readingB. to readC. readD. to be reading29．（1）Would you mind my _____ her to the party?（2）Would you mind not ____to the party?A. invitingB. to be invitedC. being invitedD. invited 30．（1）This is an important letter. Don't forget ____ it this afternoon.（2）Don't look for the letter. Y ou must have forgotten____ it this afternoon.A. to postB. postedC. postingD. post。
语法复习：非谓语动词非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
非谓语动词是动词用法中最复杂的部分之一，解答非谓语动词的题目时要注意以下几点：（1）解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的成分。
（2）找到非谓语动词的逻辑主语，确定该非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系（主动还是被动）（3）搜索句子的相关信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
十年高考考点分布：1. 现在分词31%2. 不定式29%3. 过去分词23%4. 动名词15%5. 独立主格2%命题趋势:非谓语动词是历年高考的重点和难点，重点考查非谓语动词的基本形式，以及在具体语境中的恰当使用。
考点一：非谓语动词的语法功能考点二：非谓语动词的变化形式考点三：非谓语动词的结构考点四：非谓语动词的用法区别考点一：非谓语动词的语法功能非谓语动词的语法功能表1.动词不定式的语法功能（1）作主语To see is to believe.（2）作表语His ambition is to become an actor.（3）作宾语下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire等。
（4）作宾补常用带不定式作宾补的几种情况：①常见的接不定式作宾补的动词有：advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, direct, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, instruct, invite, order, permit, persuade, press, remind, request, teach, tell, urge, want, warn等②有些感官动词和使役动词如see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have等接不定式做宾补，通常不带to.(口诀：四看：see, watch, notice, observe, 三使役let, have, make, 二听 hear, listen to, 一感觉 feel)③ help 后面的不定式作宾语补足语可以带to, 也可以不带to.（5）作定语不定式作定语放在所修饰词的后面，表示将来的动作。
