2019高三英语分类阅读练习（3）AAmericansocietyisnotnap(午睡)-friendly.Infact,saysDavidDinges,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvan iaSchoolofMedicine,“There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep”.Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfo undasleepatwork.Toquoteaproverb:“Somesleepfivehours,naturerequiresseven,lazinessnineandwickednesseleven.”Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.“Wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnapping,”saysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversity,thegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedan“Americansleepdebt”whichonemembersaidwasasimportantasthenationaldebt.Thecommissionwasconcernedabou tthedangersofsleepiness:peoplecausingindustrialaccidentsorfallingasleepwhiledri ving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiteHouse.Accordingtorecentreports, PresidentClintonistryingtotakeaha1f-hoursnooze(瞌睡)everyafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohave “amidafternoonquietphase,”alsocalled“asecondarysleepgate.”Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed .Clearly,wewereborntonap.WeSuperstarsofSnoozedon'tnaptoreplacelostshut-eyeortoprepareforanightshift. Rather,we“snack”onsleep,whenever,whereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbuses ,cars,planesandonboats;onfloorsandbeds;andinlibraries,officesandmuseums.4l.ItiscommonlyacceptedinAmericansocietythattoomuchsleepis.A.unreasonableB.criminalC.harmfulD.costly42.TheresearchdonebytheDementCommissionshowsthatAmericans________.A.don'tliketotakenapsB.areterriblyworriedabouttheirnationaldebtC.sleeplessthanisgoodforthemD.havecausedmanyindustrialandtrafficaccidents43.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto.A.warnusofthewickednessofnappingB.explainthedangerofsleepinessC.discussthesideeffectsofnappingD.convincethereaderofthenecessityofnapping44.Theunderlinedphrase“Americansleepdebt”inPara.3istheresultof.A.thetraditionalmisconceptiontheAmericanshaveaboutsleepB.thenewsleeppolicyoftheClintonAdministrationC.therapiddevelopmentofAmericanindustryD.theAmericans'worryaboutthedangerofsleepiness45.Thesecondsentenceofthelastparagraphtellsusthatitis.A.preferabletohaveasoundsleepbeforeanightshiftB.goodpracticetoeatsomethinglightbeforewegotobedC.essentialtomakeupforcostsleepD.naturaltotakeanapwheneverwefeeltheneedforitBViolinprodigies(神童),Ilearned,havecomeindistinctwavesfromdistinctregions.Mostofthegreatperformer softhelate19thandearly20thcenturieswerebornandbroughtupinRussiaandEasternEurope .IaskedIsaacStern,oneoftheworld’sgreatestviolinists,thereasonforthisphenomenon.“Itisveryclear,”hetoldme.“TheywereallJews(犹太人)andJewsatthetimewereseverelyoppressedandill-treatedinthatpartoftheworld.They werenotallowedintotheprofessionalfields,buttheywereallowedtoachieveexcellenceon aconcertstage.”Asaresult,everyJewishparent'sdreamwastohaveachildinthemusicschoolbecauseitwasap assporttotheWest.Anotherelementintheemergenceofprodigies,Ifound,isasocietythatvaluesexcellen ceinacertainfieldandisabletonurture(培育)talent.Nowadays,themostnurturingsocietiesseemtobeintheFarEast.“InJapan,amostcompetitivesocietywithstrongerdisciplinethanours,”saysIsaacStern,“childrenarereadytotesttheirlimitseverydayinmanyfields,includingmusic.WhenWest ernmusiccametoJapanafterWorldWarII,thatmusicnotonlybecamepartoftheirdailylives, butitbecameadisciplineaswell.”TheKoreansandChinese,asweknow,arejustashighlymotivatedastheJapanese.That'sagoodthing,becauseevenprodigiesmustworkhard.Nexttohardwork,biological inheritanceplaysanimportantroleinthemakingofaprodigy.J.S.Bach,forexample,wasthe topofseveralgenerationsofmusicians,andfourofhissonshadsignificantcareersinmusic .46.JewishparentsinEasternEuropelongedfortheirchildrentoattendmusicschoolbecause .A.itwouldallowthemaccesstoabetterlifeintheWestB.JewishchildrenarebornwithexcellentmusicaltalentC.theywantedtheirchildrentoenterintotheprofessionalfieldsD.itwouldenablethefamilytogetbettertreatmentintheirowncountry47.Nurturingsocietiesasmentionedinthepassagerefertosocietiesthat.A.enforcestrongdisciplineonstudentswhowanttoachieveexcellenceB.treasuretalentandprovideopportunitiesforitsfulldevelopmentC.encouragepeopletocompetewitheachotherD.promisetalentedchildrenhighpositions48.Japanisdescribedinthepassageasacountrythatattachesimportanceto.A.all-rounddevelopmentB.thelearningofWesternmusicC.stricttrainingofchildrenD.varietyinacademicstudies49.Whichofthefollowingcontributestotheemergenceofmusicalprodigiesaccordingtothe passage?A.Anaturalgift.B.Extensiveknowledgeofmusic-C.Veryearlytraining.D.Aprejudice-freesociety.50.Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?A.JewishContributiontoMusic.B.TrainingofMusiciansintheWorld.C.MusicandSociety.D.TheMakingofProdigiesCPsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertown,Mar yland,decidedtofindoutwhether,asmanysmokerssay,smokinghelpsthemto “thinkandconcentrate.”Spilichputyoungnon-smokers,activesmokersandsmokersdeprived(被剥夺)ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.Inthefirsttest,eachsubject(试验对象)satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakeyassoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletter amongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletest,smokers,deprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperfor medequallywell.Thenexttestwasmorecomplex,requiringalltoscansequencesof20identicallettersa ndrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Non-smokersweref aster,butunderthestimulationofnicotine,activesmokerswerefasterthandeprivedsmoke rs.Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemory,non-smokersmadethefewesterrors,butdeprive dsmokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.Thefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassage,thenanswerquestionsaboutit.Non-s mokersrememberedl9percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokers,and deprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting-Activesmokers tendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformatio nfrominsignificantdetails.“Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex.”sumsupSpilich,”non-smokersperformedbetterthansmokersbywiderandwidermargins”.Hepredicts,'smoke rsmightperformadequatelyatmanyjobs—untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifnoproblemsarose ,butifsomethingwentwrong,smokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity.”5l.ThepurposeofGeorgeSpilich'sexperimentsis.A.totestwhethersmokinghasapositiveeffectonthementalcapacityofsmokersB.toshowhowsmokingdamagespeople'smentalcapacityC.toprovethatsmokingaffectspeople'sregularperformanceD.tofindoutwhethersmokinghelpspeople'sshort-termmemory52.GeorgeSpilich'sexperimentwasconductedinsuchawayasto.pelthesubjectstoseparatemajorinformationfromminordetailsB.putthesubjectsthroughincreasinglycomplextestsC.checktheeffectivenessofnicotineonsmokersD.registerthepromptresponsesofthesubjects53.Theunderlinedword“bested”inPara.5mostprobablymeansA.beatB.enviedC.caughtupwithD.madethebestof54.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Activesmokersingeneralperformedbetterthandeprivedsmokers.B.Activesmokersrespondedmorequicklythantheothersubjects.C.Non-smokerswerenotbetterthanothersubjectsinperformingsimpletasks.D.Deprivedsmokersgavetheslowestresponsestothevarioustasks.55.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.A.smokersshouldnotexpecttobecomeairlinepilotsB.smokinginemergencycasescausesmentalillnessC.noairlinepilotssmokeduringflightsD.smokersmayproveunequaltohandingemergencycases,Key:41-45ACDAD46-50ABCAD51-55ABACD。
小学语文五年级阅读理解专项练习3一、谁说我是“小皇帝”知心姐姐：您好！我给你写这封信，是想向你说说我心中的苦恼。
我是爸爸妈妈的独生女、小宝贝。
他们什么事情都依着我，向着我，可我却越来越苦闷了。
因为他们什么都不让我干，我长这么大，还没洗过衬衫。
我对爸爸说过：“爸，让我来帮你擦地、洗衣裳好吗？”爸爸却说：“去去去，现在你还小，要学习，数学题做了没有？你一定要好好学习，家务活不是你干的。
”我对妈妈说过：“妈妈，您教我做饭吧，班上的同学都说我这个大队委不会做饭、洗衣，简直是个奶油公主。
”妈妈却说：“学生的任务是学习，靠做饭能考上大学吗？再过两年就毕业了，万一在中年级滑下去，到高年级就完了。
”唉，我，一个爱劳动的孩子，快被爸爸妈妈改造成一个“小皇帝”了，我多么讨厌“小皇帝”的生活，我渴望成为爸爸妈妈的小帮手，可爸爸妈妈好像一点也不理解我。
把我捆在一个舒适而令我讨厌的环境里。
就拿上个星期天来说吧：我轻松地完成了老师布置的作业，看看表才9点钟，妈妈买菜去了，爸爸值班。
我想把爸爸不在家，我来帮他擦地吧。
我把拖把放在桶里泡湿后笨手笨脚地擦起地来，才擦了几下，雪白的衬衫上沾上了许多黑点，鞋子也打湿了。
这时，妈妈回来了，她伸手抢过拖把，使劲擦起来。
边擦边说：“谁让你干的！这是你干的事吗？再过一星期就要比赛了，今天这么早，再写篇作文！”“啥题？”我简直要哭出来了。
“看你，什么事都不会干，就写一篇‘小皇帝’吧！” “什么？‘小皇帝’？谁说我是‘小皇帝’？我爱劳动，我不是‘小皇帝’！”知心姐姐，请你尽快给我回信，我不想成为一个饭来张口、衣来伸手的“小皇帝”。
祝您愉快！一个苦恼的女孩··年·月·日1、辨字组词。
裳（）滑（）湿（）赏（）猾（）温（）2、用下列词语造句。
越来越闷：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿笨手笨脚：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿简直：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿3、写出下列词语的近义词。
Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice) (每小题：1分)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage or dialog.There are different ideas about pets in different parts of the world. In most cultures, animals are in a worse position than human beings. In some cases, however, people treat their pets like members of their families, or perh aps better. In the United States and Europe, there are special shops that sell clothing and food for cats and dogs. In many countries of the world, there is special food for pets. It is common for big markets in many places to sell cat food and dog food. However, in a small town in France, there is a special restaurant for dogs. Dogs are the only customers. There is seating for twenty of them. The dogs choose from a variety of dishes on the menu.Of course, in most parts of the world, pets don't live in such wealth and comfort. People treat their pets in a more practical way. People own cats and dogs because they keep away mice and other unwanted animals. Owners have some loving feelings for their pets, but they do not see them as equal to family members. In most places in the world, there isn't any special clothing or fine food for animals. There aren't any special restaurants for dogs. Pets around the world live in a great variety of ways, just as people do.1. According to the passage, in most cultures ______________________________.A. animals are in a worse position than human beingsB. people treat their pets like members of their familiesC. there are special shops that sell clothing for dogs and catsD. pets such as dogs and cats are very popular2. According to the passage, there are ______________________________.A. clothing shops for dogs and cats in the United States and EuropeB. restaurants for dogs in every city in FranceC. no dogs or cats that wear clothingD. some people who treat their pets far better than they treat themselves3. For many people, pets may have a more practical function because ________________.A. pets are often useful companions for old peopleB. cats and dogs can be used to keep away miceC. pets can sometimes be sold to make moneyD. some pets may show loving feelings for their owners.4. What might you think after reading this passage?A. Dogs and cats like to wear expensive clothing.B. Many people visit the dog restaurant in France.C. People in every part of the world like to buy fine clothing for their pets.D. In some cases, animals have better food and clothing than people.5. The main idea of this reading passage is ____________________________.A. Dogs enjoy fine restaurantsB. A rich cat can afford to go to any restaurantC. People treat pets in very different ways in different parts of the worldD. It is stupid to have special food and clothing for animalsQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage or dialog.Yukio is a twenty-four year old Japanese businessman. A few months ago, his company sent him to work at its New York City office for half a year. This was his first experience living in the United States.Yukio thought New York City was very exciting, but he also found it very strange. It was difficult for him to get used to it. He found it strange to be with people from so many different races. He sometimes found American people very direct, open, and honest-though he still couldn't understand them. He wished he could become friends with some Americans, but he wasn't sure how to get along with them. Most of the time, he felt very lonely and missed Japan. But soon some sunshine came into his life. A new clerk came to work in his office part-time. She was American, as were most of the clerks in his office. Her name was Cindy. She was very clever, friendly, and good-looking. Cindy was also a student studying business. Cindy and Yukio got along very well. They talkedtogether whenever possible. Cindy told Yukio her dreams of having a successful business. She said she was not really interested in getting married or having children. She wanted to use all of her energy for business. Yukio found Cindy very interesting and very different from the women he knew before. In a similar way, Cindy found Yukio unique among all the men that she knew. Soon the two fell in love and they were both very happy.But now it is almost time for Yukio to return to Japan. Y ukio wants Cindy to return to Japan with him and marry him. But Cindy doesn't speak any Japanese. She fears that Yukio wants her to become an ordinary wife and have children right away. Cindy wants Yukio to stay in New York City. They feel very bad, not knowing what they should do. Should they stay in New York? Should they go to Japan? Sometimes they think they should separate, but they also feel they cannot live without each other.6. A few months ago, Yukio ____________________________________.A. was sent to New York City by his companyB. went to New York City for a meetingC. was told to open a new office for his company in New York CityD. met his former girlfriend Cindy in New York City7. According to the reading passage, Cindy ______________________________.A. didn't like JapanB. was a student and a businesswomanC. was a student and a clerkD. was dreaming of something not possible8. Cindy was not concerned about getting married because _________________.A. Yukio didn't want to stay in New York CityB. Cindy doesn't speak any JapaneseC. Yukio and Cindy didn't get along well sometimesD. Cindy wanted a successful business9. According to your opinion based on the reading passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Yukio thought people in New York were the same as people in Japan.B. Cindy was Yukio's first American girlfriendC. Cindy had many other Japanese boyfriends before YukioD. Yukio spoke very little English10. The main idea of the passage is _________________________________.A. there can be difficulties in falling in love with a person from another cultureB. American people and Japanese people cannot understand each otherC. a man misses his countryD. a businessman and his clerk often fall in love with each otherQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage or dialog.Friends play an important part in our lives. And while we may get along well with a number of people, we can onl y be friends with very few. The average student, for example, has about 6 friends.Most people spend time with others they like, but still the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it ismore difficult to get along with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Many friends avoid argument. It is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs. They have attitudes and interests in common that they often talk about and they might think of themselves being "on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point however. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another for favors and to keep promises. Also, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion.In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people.But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class, or race.11. What is True according to the first paragraph?A. A person can only have a few real friends.B. We should put things such as age, race, economic conditions, social positions, and intelligence in the first place when making friends.C. People whom we can get along well with are our friends.D. A student has six friends at most.12. In Paragraph 3, "being on the same wavelength" means ______.A. talking as fast as othersB. having the same topic as othersC. having attitudes and interests in commonD. having the same experiences and emotions13. The word " intimately" in Paragraph 3 perhaps means______.A. far awayB. closelyC. wellD. in distance14. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even friends may have difference of opinion.B. Friends never argue with each other.C. It takes time to become good friends.D. Shared experiences can make for a strong friendship.15. To strengthen friendly relationships, people______.A. should have the same age, class, and raceB. should get rid of the annoying habitsC. should support and understand each otherD. should hold friendship ceremoniesQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage or dialog.Ms. Ebert kept a little bakery on the corner. Two or three times a week, she had a customer in whom she began to take an interest. He was a middle-aged man with glasses and a brown beard. He spoke English with a strong German accent. His clothes were worn and wrinkled, but he looked neat and had very good manners. He always bought two loaves of stale bread. He never asked for anything but stale bread; it cost a lot less than fresh bread. Once Ms. Ebert noticed a red and brown stain on his fingers. She was sure that he was an artist and very poor. No doubt he lived in an attic, where he painted pictures and ate stale bread and thought of the good things to eat in the bakery.Often when Ms. Ebert sat down to her evening meal, she would sigh and wish the artist might share her food instead of eating his dry bread. One day the customer came in as usual and asked for his stale bread. As the sudden noise of a fire engine made him hurry to the door, Ms. Ebert seized her opportunity. She cut each of the loaves with a knife, put in some butter and, when the customer turned round, she had already put them into a paper bag. When the customer left the store, she felt somewhat comforted.16. What can we know about the man from the first paragraph?A. He was neatly dressed.B. He was an Englishman.C. He had good manners.D. He liked stale bread.17. Ms. Ebert ________ that the man was a painter.A. assumedB. hopedC. told othersD. was told18. It was assumed that the customer never asked for anything but stale bread because ________.A. it was special to himB. it was cheaper than fresh breadC. it tasted better than fresh breadD. it saved him much time19. "When the customer left the store, she felt somewhat comforted." Why did Ms. Ebert feel this way?A. She was happy she had a new customer.B. She felt good that he could see the fire engine.C. She felt good that he could be eating well.D. She was happy because he was easily tricked.20. From the passage, we know that Miss Ebert was _________.A. kindB. curiousC. carefulD. strange答案1.A2. A3. B4. D5. C6. A7. C8. D9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A。
2022青岛市二轮高考英语：阅读理解选练（3）及答案黑龙江省大庆市喇中2022高考英语阅读练习——新闻报道类Leon, 12, was born without fingers on his left hand.That didn't -stop him from being able to do many tasks. But Leon could not grasp more than one object at a time. So Leon's father, Paul, created a prosthesis(假肢），using a 3D printer. Now Leon has fingers that open and close."It was a do-it-yourself, father and son adventure," says raw.When Leon was a baby, his doctor advised his parents not to give him a prosthetic hand until he was in his early teens. "The doctor said Leon should first learn to get full use out of the hand he was born with," says Paul. As Leon got older, his father looked into buying a prosthetic hand, which can cost as much as $30,000. Paul found a more affordable solution.One day, Paul discovered a video on the Internet about Robohand, a prosthesis created with a 3Dprinter. He downloaded the free instructions and called Robohand's creators for advice. They told him all he needed was a3D printer一which costs around $2,000- and some materials.Luckily, Leon's school had recently purchased a 3D printer and it offered to help Paul build the hand for Leon.“We used a soccer shin guard（护胫），cardboard, and tape. They cost about＄10," says Paul.With his new hand, Leon can do things better. "I can help my mom more, because now I can carry two grocery bags,”he says.Leon's father has already built .several hands for Leon. Leon helps design each one. He says there's one thing in particular that he wants to do with a future pro sthesis.“The goal," he tells thereporter from the local evening paper,“is to be able to tie my shoelaces:'【小题1】Why did Leon's doctor disapprove of his using a prosthesis in his childhood?A．The prosthetic technology was underdeveloped then.B．A prosthesis was very expensive at that time.C．To master the disabled hand was important.D．The original hand could do many tasks.【小题2】Leon's father managed to get Leon a new hand byA．collecting money on the Internet.B．buying a prosthetic handC．purchasing a 3D printerD．printing a hand 【小题3】The materials used for Leon's hand can be described asA．cheap and common B．strange and valuableC．personal and lovely D．basic and solid【小题4】Where can the passage be taken from?A．An advertisement B．A newspaperC．A poster D．A travel guide【2021高考复习】阅读理解“One City One Book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to rea d and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand i t to cover a wholecity.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.Each city’s program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work ofliterature.”Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.American Library Association puts out a detailed step-by-step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。
