西方经济学试卷A

西方经济学（双语）试题（A卷）注意：请在答题纸上作答，考试时间120分钟，可以翻阅纸质字典，不得携带电子词典及手机等。

Part 1: True-False question (10×1′=10′)1. Economists use the word equity to describe a situation in which every member of society would have the same income. （）2. When economists refer to people making decisions “at the margin” they mean that people compare the costs and benefits of each decision. ( )3. If a good is “normal,” then an increase in income will result in a decrease in the demand for the good. ( )4. When the price of Pokemon cards are $0.50, the quantity demanded is 400 cards per day. When the price falls to $0.40, the quantity demanded increases to 600. Given this information and using the midpoint method, you know that the demand for Pokemon cards is elastic. ( )5. Payroll taxes cause wages received by workers to fall and wages paid by firms to rise. ( )6. The relative price of two goods equals the marginal rate of substitution. ( )7. If the price of apples increases more than the price of other goods, the weight of the apples in the CPI stays the same, but should decrease to accurately reflect the change in the cost-of-living. ( )8. If the government wanted to decrease interest rates and increase investment it could reduce taxes on interest income. ( )9. If an industry becomes unionized, wages in that industry tend to rise, while employment in that industry tends to fall. ( )10. FOMC policy decisions have an important influence on the economy’s rate of inflation and level of employment in the long run. ( )Part 2: Single Choice (40×1′=40′)1. Economics deals primarily with the concept of （）a. changeb. powerc. povertyd. scarcity2. The opportunity cost of an item is ( )a. what you give up to get that item.b. always equal to the dollar value of the item.c. always less than the dollar value of the item.d. the number of hours needed to earn the money to buy it.3. A market is a ( )a. place where only buyers come together.b. place where only sellers meet.c. group of people with common desires.d. group of buyers and sellers of a particular good or service.4. In a free market system, what is the mechanism for rationing scarce resources? ( )a. the governmentb. pricesc. buyersd. sellers5. Economists compute the price elasticity of demand as ( )a. percentage change in the price divided by the percentage change in quantity demanded.b. change in quantity demanded divided by the change in the price.c. percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.d. percentage change in the quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in income.6. Suppose the price of product X is reduced from $1.45 to $1.25 and, as a result, the quantity of X demanded increases from 2,000 to 2,200. Using the midpoint method, the price elasticity of demand for X in the given price range is ( )a. 0.64b. 1.00c. 1.55d. 2.007. Price controls are ( )a. established by firms with monopoly power.b. used to make markets more efficient.c. nearly always effective in eliminating inequities.d. usually enacted when policymakers believe that the market price of a good or service is unfair to buyers or sellers.8. What is true about the burden of a tax imposed on popcorn? ( )a. Sellers bear the entire burden of the tax.b. Buyers bear the entire burden of the tax.c. Buyers and sellers share the burden of the tax.d. The government bears the entire burden of the tax.9. The equilibrium of supply and demand in a market ( )a. maximizes the profits of producers.b. minimizes the costs incurred by consumers.c. maximizes the total benefits received by buyers and sellers.d. minimizes the expenditures of buyers.10. If a consumer is willing and able to pay $15.50 for a particular good but the price of the good is $16.00, then the ( )a. market must not be a perfectly competitive market.b. consumer would have consumer surplus of $0.50.c. consumer would not purchase the good and would not have any consumer surplus.d. consumer would increase his/her willingness and ability to pay by earning more.11. When a tax is levied on a good ( )a. buyers are worse off but sellers are not.b. sellers are worse off but buyers are not.c. neither buyers nor sellers are worse off.d. both buyers and sellers are worse off.12. As the size of a tax increases ( )a. the deadweight loss from the tax remains constant.b. the deadweight loss from the tax declines.c. the deadweight loss from the tax increases.d. no one knows how the deadweight loss changes because no tax has ever been reduced.13. Countries usually impose restrictions on free foreign trade to protect ( )a. domestic consumersb. foreign consumersc. foreign producersd. domestic producers14. When a quota is imposed on a market the ( )a. supply curve (above the world price) shifts to the left by the amount of the quota.b. supply curve (above the world price) shifts to the right by the amount of the quota.c. demand curve (above the world price) shifts to the right by the amount of the quota.d. demand curve (above the world price) shifts to the left by the amount of the quota.15. An example of an implicit cost of production would be the ( )a. cost of raw materials for a printing company to print books.b. income an entrepreneur could have earned working elsewhere.c. cost of a delivery truck in a business that rarely makes deliveries.d. All of the above are correct.16. Economies of scale arise when ( )a. an economy is self-sufficient in production.b. individuals in a society are self-sufficient.c. workers are able to specialize in a particular task.d. fixed costs are large relative to variable costs.17. In a competitive market, the actions of any single buyer or seller will ( )a. have a negligible impact on the market price.b. adversely affect the profitability of more than one firm in the market.c. cause a noticeable change in market production and price.d. have little effect on market production, but ultimately change price.18. In a perfectly competitive market, the process of entry or exit ends when ( )a. firms are operating with excess capacity.b. firms are making zero economic profit.c. firms experience decreasing marginal revenue.d. price is equal to marginal cost.19. A monop oly’s marginal cost will most likely ( )a. exceed its marginal revenue.b. be less than average fixed cost.c. be less than the market price of its goods.d. equal average total cost.20. OPEC often holds oil production below capacity in an effort to ( )a. compel consumers to search for oil substitutes.b. compel consumers to conserve oil.c. keep prices above the competitive level.d. create a shift in the demand for oil.21. Because each oligopolist cares about its own profit rather than the collective profit of their industry ( )a. society is worse-off.b. they are unable to maintain monopoly power.c. they are able to maximize industry profits.d. All of the above are correct.22. Very often, the reason that players can solve th e prisoners’ dilemma game and reach the most profitable outcome is that ( )a. the game becomes more competitive.b. they play the game not once, but many times.c. each player tries to capture a large portion of the market share.d. All of the abov e can solve the prisoners’ dilemma.23. A budget constraint ( )a. shows the consumption bundles that a consumer can afford.b. reflects the desire by consumers to increase their income.c. represents the bundles of consumption that make a consumer equally happy.d. shows the prices that a consumer chooses to pay for products he consumes.24. When indifference curves are bowed inward toward the origin, ( )a. it is unlikely that consumers will be willing to engage in trade.b. people can only increase satisfaction by consuming more of all commodities.c. people are less inclined to trade away goods that they have an abundance of.d. the marginal rate of substitution decreases as a consumer moves down an indifference curve.25. National income is defined as ( )a. all income produced within a country.b. the income received by the national government.c. the total income earned by a nation’s residents from the production of goods and services within the borders of the country.d. the to tal income earned by a nation’s residents in the production of goods and services.26. The best measure of a country’s production of goods and services is ( )a. real GDP.b. real NNP.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GNP.27. The inflation rate is defined as the ( )a. cost of inflation.b. cost of borrowing.c. percentage change in real GDP from the previous period.d. percentage change in the price level from the previous period.28. If the nominal interest rate is 8% and rate of inflation is 2%, the real interest rate is ( )a. 16%.b. 10%.c. 6%.d. 4%.29. A certificate of indebtedness that specifies the obligations of the borrower to the holder is called a ( )a. stock.b. mutual fund.c. bond. d. All of the above are correct.30. An increase in the budget deficit shifts the ( )a. demand for loanable funds left.b. demand for loanable funds right.c. supply of loanable funds left.d. supply of loanable funds right.31. Which of the following people is counted as unemployed according to official statistics? ( )a. Nancy, who is on temporary layoffb. Gary, who has retired and is not looking for workc. Brian, a full-time student who is not looking for workd. All of the above are correct.32. Sectoral shifts in the economy ( )a. create structural unemployment.b. immediately reduce unemployment.c. on net leave unemployment unchanged.d. increase unemployment due to job search.33. Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money? ( )a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , in dollars.b. You pay for tickets to a WNBA game with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.34. If banks choose to hold more excess reserves, ( )a. required reserves in the banking system increase.b. the money multiplier will increase.c. the discount rate will increase.d. the money supply falls.35. When the price level rises, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods ( )a. decreases, so the value of money rises.b. decreases, so the value of money falls.c. increases, so the value of money rises.d. increases, so the value of money falls.36. Given a nominal interest rate of 20 percent, in which case would you earn the highest after-tax real interest rate? ( )a. Inflation is 5 percent; the tax rate is 20 percent.b. Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 30 percent.c. Inflation is 3 percent; the tax rate is 40 percent.d. The after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the above.37. If the money supply growth rate permanently increased from 10 percent to 20 percent we would expect that inflation and nominal interest rates would both increase ( )a. by more than 10 percentage points.b. by 10 percentage points.c. but by less than 10 percentage points.d. None of the above is correct.38. Economists understand that people respond to ( )a. the wishes of policymakers.b. tax breaks, but not tax hikes.c. threats more than rewards.d. incentives.39. Which of the following is the most correct statement about the relationship between inflation and unemployment? ( )a. In the long run, reducing inflation is associated with rising unemployment.b. In the short run, reducing inflation is associated with falling unemployment.c. In the long run, reducing inflation is associated with falling unemployment.d. In the short run, reducing inflation is associated with rising unemployment.40. Almost all variation in living standards is attributable to differences in countries’ ( )a. population growth rates.b. endowments of natural resources.c. defense budgets.d. productivity.Part 3: Answer following questions (4×5′=20′)1. Draw the circular flow diagram, mark the flow of goods and service, the flow of money according to the following events:(1) Professor Zhang bought a new house by $500,000.(2) Construction firm pay Tom (worker) $ 800 as the wage.(3) Mr. Black got dividend $10,000 from a firm as one of the stock-holder.2. How will following events influence the GDP of U.S. by expenditure method?(1)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Force.(2)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Company.(3)Boeing Company sold a plane to the Franc Air Company.(4)Boeing Company sold a plane to Mr. Cross.(5)Boeing Company produced a plane which will be sold in the next half year.3. Who control the money supply? How does it control?4. Suppose Iran and Iraq both sell crude oil. If Iran affords a high production while Iraq affords a high production, Iran can get $40 billion. If Iran affords a low production while Iraq affords a high production, Iran can get $30 billion. If Iran affords a high production while Iraq affords a low production, Iran can get $60 billion. If Iran affords a low production while Iraq affords a low production, Iran can get $50 billion. If Iran affords a high production while Iraq affords a high production, Iraq can get $40 billion. If Iran affords a low production while Iraq affords a high production, Iraq can get $60 billion. If Iran affords a high production while Iraq affords a low production, Iraq can get $30 billion. If Iran affords a low production while Iraq affords a low production, Iraq can get $50 billion. Try to find the Nash equilibrium.Part 4: Analyze following questions (15′×2=30′)1． The equilibrium of orange market and orange-picking market （15′）Suppose the bad weather decrease the harvest of orange in Florida.（1） Try to analyze how orange price changes and how marginal product of orange-pickingchanges.（3′）（2） Suppose consumer ’s demand for orange is perfect elastic. Try to analyze how the demandfor orange-picking change? How does the equilibrium wage of orange-pickers change?(draw pictures of orange market and orange-picking market to analyze)（3′）（3）Suppose consumer’s demand for orange is perfect inelastic. Try to analyze how the demand for orange-picking change? How does the equilibrium wage of orange-pickers change? (draw a picture of orange market and orange-picking market to analyze) (Reference: how does the equilibrium quantity change in orange market?)（3′）（4）Suppose we take new technique in orange picking such as using machine. Can you analyze the change of equilibrium wage in orange picking? (Reference: Is it similar with the influence of bad weather?)（3′）（5）Suppose the harvest of apple make some workers turn to pick apples. Can you analyze the change of equilibrium wage in orange picking? What is the influence to orange price?Draw pictures to analyze.（3′）2．Price discrimination and social welfare（15′）Suppose you live in a town with 300 adults and 200 children. You are planning to hold a performance to earn money. The fixed cost of performance is $2,000, while the marginal cost of（1）In order to get maximum profit, what price will you decide for adult ticket? How many adults and children will watch the performance? What price will you decide for children ticket? How much profit can you earn? How much is the social welfare? Is it an efficient result?（4′）（2）If the government pass a law, and price discrimination is illegal now. What is your price now? How much profit can you earn? How many adults and children will watch the performance? How much is the social welfare?（2′）（3）Price discrimination is illegal now. How do your welfare, adults’ welfare and children’s welfare change?（3′）（4）If the fixed cost is $2,500 instead of $2,000. Will it change your decision on price in question (1)?（2′）（5）If the fixed cost is $2,500 instead of $2,000. Will it change your decision on price in question (2)? If you choose to give up the performance, is it a good choice according to social welfare maximum?（4′）。

西方经济学期末考试试卷（Ａ卷）一、单项选择题（每题0.5分，共15分，将正确答案填入答题纸上）1.看不见的手一般指（）ＤA 、机会成本B 、政府C 、利润D 、价格2.经济学中的“稀缺性”是指（）ＢA 世界上大多数人生活在贫困中B 、相对于资源的需求而言，资源总是不足的C 用资源必须考虑下一代D 、世界上的资源终将被人类消耗光3.如果x 与y 商品是互补品，ｘ价格下降，将使y （）ＢA 、需求量增加B 、需求增加C 、需求量减少D 、需求减少4.冰棒的需求价格弹性（）药品的需求价格弹性AA 、大于B 、小于C 、等于D 、大于或等于5.下列命题中哪个是规范经济学的命题?()AA.征税对中等收入家庭是不公平的B.1982年8月政府把贴现率降到10％C.1981年失业率超过9％D.社会保险税的课税依据现已超过30000美元6.如果消费者的预算收入为50美元，商品X 和Y 的价格均为5美元，消费者打算购买6单位X 和4单位Y ，商品X 、Ｙ的边际效用分别为25和20，那么，要达到效用最大化，他应该（）ＤA 、按原计划购买B 、减少X 和Y 的购买量C 、增加X 、Ｙ的购买量D 、增加X 的同时减少Y 的量7.消费者预算线发生平移时，连接消费者均衡点的曲线称为（）ＣA 、需求曲线；B 、价格－消费曲线；C 、收入－消费曲线；D 、恩格尔曲线。

8.当某人面对一张彩票时，如果是212111UW P W PU W P PW U )()(])([，则意味着这个人是属于下列哪一类人()BA ．风险回避者B ．风险喜爱者C ．风险中立者D ．都不是9.如果某厂商增加一单位劳动使用量能够减少三单位资本，而仍生产同样的产出量，则MRTS L K 为：（）ＢA 1/3B 3C -3D 610.MC 曲线达到最低时（）ＡA MP 最大B AVC 最小C TC 最大D AC 最小11.某厂商每年从企业的总收入中取出一部分作为自己所提供的生产要素的报酬，这部分资金被视为（）。

西方经济学模拟试题（A卷）一、选择题（共20小题，每题1 分，共计20分）正确答案填入下表中题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10选项 C B D A D B B C A D题号11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 选项 C D B B A B D D D C1．需求的变动与需求量的变动( C )A.概念相同；B.产生原因相同；C.需求的变化由价格以外其他因素引起，需求量的变化由价格因素引起；D.需求的变化由价格因素引起，需求量的变化由价格以外其他因素引起；2．下列因素不会使需求曲线移动的是( B )A.购买者偏好改变；B.商品价格下降；C.其他有关商品价格下降；D.消费者收入上升；3．如果需求的减少和供给的增加同时发生，（ D ）。

A.均衡价格将上升,均衡交易量的变化无法确定B.均衡价格和均衡交易量都将上升C.均衡价格和均衡交易量都将下降D.均衡价格将下降,均衡交易量的变化无法确定4．两种相关的常规商品，其中一种商品价格发生变化时，这两种商品的需求量呈同方向变化，则两种商品的需求交叉弹性系数为（ A ）。

A.正B.负C.0D.15．假如生产某种物品所需原料价格下降了，则这种商品的( D )。

A.需求曲线向左方移动。

B.供给曲线向左方移动。

C.需求曲线向右方移动。

D.供给曲线向右方移动。

6.基数效用与序数效用的主要差异在于两种商品的( B )A.边际替代率是否递增；B.边际替代率是否递减；C.效用是否可加；D.边际替代率是否不变。

7.当总效用增加时，边际效用应该( B )：A.为正值，且不断增加；B.为正值，但不断减少；C.为负值，且不断增加；D.为负值，且不断减少；8.下列说法中正确的是（ C ）。

A.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是规模报酬递减造成的B.边际收益递减是规模报酬递减造成的C.规模报酬递减是边际收益递减造成的D.生产要素的边际技术替代率递减是边际收益递减造成的9．长期平均成本曲线呈“U”型的原因与（ A ）有关。

西方经济学期末考试模拟试题A一．单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 如果政府对某种商品实行限制价格政策，往往会伴随着AＡ．该商品的过剩现象出现Ｂ．国家收购剩余产品Ｃ．该商品的短缺现象出现2. 比较下列三种商品中哪一种商品的需求价格弹性最大AＡ．点心Ｂ．面粉Ｃ．食盐3. 已知消费者的收入为50元，商品Ｘ的价格为５元，商品Ｙ的价格为４元，假定消费者计划购买６单位Ｘ商品和５单位Ｙ商品，商品Ｘ和Ｙ的边际效用分别为60和30，如果要得到最大效用，他应该AＡ．增购Ｘ和减购ＹＢ．增购Ｙ和减购XＣ．同时减少Ｘ和Ｙ的购买量4. 当边际产量大于平均产量时BＡ．平均产量递减Ｂ．平均产量递增Ｃ．平均产量不变5. 随着产量的增加，平均固定成本AＡ．一直趋于下降Ｂ．在开始时下降，然后趋于上升Ｃ．在开始时上升，然后趋于下降6. 在以下三种情况中，乘数最大的是CＡ．边际消费倾向为0.55Ｂ．边际消费倾向为0.73Ｃ．边际消费倾向为0.867. 根据简单的国民收入决定模型，引起国民收入减少的原因是BＡ．消费增加Ｂ．储蓄减少Ｃ．储蓄增加货币主义学派认为菲利浦斯曲线所表示的失业率与通货膨胀率之间交替关8. 认为长期与短期中都不存在菲利浦斯曲线所表示的失业率与通货膨胀率之间交替关系的经济学派是 CＡ．凯恩斯学派Ｂ．货币主义学派Ｃ．理性预期学派9. 在开放经济中，出口的增加将引起CＡ．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况不变Ｂ．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况恶化Ｃ．国民收入增加，贸易收支状况改善10. 中央银行在市场上公开买入有价证券会导致BＡ．货币供给量的增加和利息率的提高Ｂ．货币供给量的增加和利息率的降低Ｃ．货币供给量的减少和利息率的提高三．判断题（每题2分，共20分）1. 生产什么、如何生产、为谁生产这三个问题被称为资源利用问题。

错2. 收入提高所引起的某种商品需求数量的增加称为需求量的增加。

错3.只有需求富有弹性的商品才能薄利多销。

对4. 如果消费者收入及Y商品价格不变，而商品X的价格下降，则消费可能线将会以X轴为轴心向外移动。

西方经济学期末a卷试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 西方经济学中，需求曲线通常表现为：A. 向上倾斜的直线B. 向下倾斜的曲线C. 水平的直线D. 向右倾斜的曲线答案：B2. 边际效用递减原理是指：A. 随着消费量的增加，每增加一单位商品带来的满足感增加B. 随着消费量的增加，每增加一单位商品带来的满足感减少C. 随着消费量的增加，总效用不变D. 随着消费量的增加，总效用增加答案：B3. 在完全竞争市场中，企业是：A. 价格制定者B. 价格接受者C. 价格垄断者D. 价格领导者答案：B4. 经济中的通货膨胀是指：A. 货币供应量增加B. 货币供应量减少C. 物价水平持续上升D. 物价水平持续下降答案：C5. 货币政策的主要工具包括：A. 利率B. 税收C. 政府支出D. 以上都不是答案：A6. 公共物品的特点不包括：A. 非排他性B. 非竞争性C. 私人生产D. 公共提供答案：C7. 经济中的失业类型包括：A. 摩擦性失业B. 结构性失业C. 周期性失业D. 全部都是答案：D8. 经济中的GDP是指：A. 国内生产总值B. 国内生产净值C. 国民生产总值D. 国民生产净值答案：A9. 经济中的总供给曲线通常表现为：A. 向上倾斜的曲线B. 向下倾斜的曲线C. 水平的直线D. 向右倾斜的曲线答案：B10. 经济中的财政政策包括：A. 货币政策B. 税收政策C. 政府支出D. 以上都是答案：D二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述需求弹性的概念及其影响因素。

答案：需求弹性是指需求量对价格变化的敏感程度，即价格变化1%时需求量变化的百分比。

影响需求弹性的因素包括商品的替代品数量、商品在消费者预算中所占的比重、消费者的收入水平以及消费者对商品的偏好等。

2. 描述完全竞争市场的特点。

答案：完全竞争市场的特点包括：市场上有大量的买家和卖家，产品是同质的，所有参与者都有完全的信息，进入和退出市场没有障碍，没有交易成本，且没有单个买家或卖家能够影响市场价格。

山东工商学院2020学年第一学期西方经济学课程试题 A卷（考试时间：120分钟，满分100分）特别提醒：1、所有答案均须填写在960数字加起来827参考答案207上，写在试题纸上无效。

2、每份答卷上均须准确填写函授站、专业、年级、学号、姓名、课程名称。

一单选题 (共20题，总分值40分 )1. 在开放经济中，下列（）项不是政府宏观政策的最终目标。

（2 分）A. 国际收支平衡B. 不存在贸易逆差C. 经济均衡增长D. 消除通货膨胀2. 下述哪一项对总产量（TP）、平均产量（AP）和边际产量（MP）的描述是不正确的？（）（2 分）A. AP在TP达到最大值之前达到最大B. TP增加时，AP持续增加C. 当可变投入要素带来的MP为零时，TP达到最大D. MP在AP的最高点与AP相交3. “花布是中间产品”这一命题（）。

（2 分）A. 一定是对的B. 可能是对的，也可能是不对的C. 一定是不对的D. 以上三种说法全对4. 家庭的消费函数为C=a+bYD，以下描述中不正确的是：（）。

（2 分）A. a是家庭的自发消费，b是边际消费倾向B. 如果家庭的可支配收入增加1美元，将有1-b的比例用于消费，其余用于储蓄C. 如果家庭的可支配收入为零，消费的数量是由a给定D. 家庭的边际储蓄倾向是1-b5. 影响货币需求的因素是（）。

（2 分）A. 只有收入B. 利率与收入C. 只有利率D. 流动偏好6. 若一个管理机构对一个垄断厂商的限价正好使经济利润消失，则价格要等于（）。

（2 分）A. 边际成本B. 边际收益C. 平均成本D. 平均可变成本7. 经济增长的标志是（）。

（2 分）A. 失业率的下降B. 先进技术的广泛运用C. 社会生产能力的不断提高D. 城市化速度加快8. 在古典区域中，（）。

（2 分）A. 货币政策和财政政策都十分有效B. 货币政策和财政政策都无效C. 货币政策无效，财政政策有效D. 财政政策无效，货币政策有效9. 若厂商处于不完全竞争的产品市场中，且要素A是其唯一的可变要素，则该厂商对要素A的需求曲线由下列何者给出（）。

云南师范大学商学院继续教育学院2014-2015学年上学期《西方经济学（微观）》期末试题（A卷）姓名：学号：系：年级：专业：班级：、本试卷共页，考试时间为分钟；2、本考试为(开、闭)卷；3、全部试题均使用答题专用纸作答。

一、单项选择题（题目要求）（ 1分×30 题＝ 30分）1.看不见的手一般指（）A、机会成本B、政府C、利润D、价格2.经济学中的“稀缺性”是指（）A 世界上大多数人生活在贫困中B、相对于资源的需求而言，资源总是不足的C用资源必须考虑下一代 D、世界上的资源终将被人类消耗光3.如果x与y商品是互补品，x价格下降，将使y（）A、需求量增加B、需求增加C、需求量减少D、需求减少4.冰棒的需求价格弹性（）药品的需求价格弹性A、大于B、小于C、等于D、大于或等于5.下列命题中哪个是规范经济学的命题?( )A.征税对中等收入家庭是不公平的B. 1982年8月政府把贴现率降到10％C. 1981年失业率超过9％D.社会保险税的课税依据现已超过30000美元6.如果消费者的预算收入为50美元，商品X和Y的价格均为5美元，消费者打算购买6单位X和4单位Y，商品X、Y的边际效用分别为25和20，那么，要达到效用最大化，他应该（）A、按原计划购买B、减少X和Y的购买量C、增加X、Y的购买量D、增加X的同时减少Y的量7.消费者预算线发生平移时，连接消费者均衡点的曲线称为（）A、需求曲线；B、价格－消费曲线；C、收入－消费曲线；D、恩格尔曲线。

8.当某人面对一张彩票时，如果是212111UWPWPUWPPWU)()(])([-+〈-+，则意味着这个人是属于下列哪一类人 ( )A．风险回避者 B．风险喜爱者C．风险中立者 D．都不是9.如果某厂商增加一单位劳动使用量能够减少三单位资本，而仍生产同样的产出量，则MRTS LK为：（）A 1/3B 3C -3D 610. MC曲线达到最低时（）A MP最大B AVC最小C TC最大D AC最小11.某厂商每年从企业的总收入中取出一部分作为自己所提供的生产要素的报酬,这部分资金被视为（）。

《西方经济学》试卷A适用专业： 考试时间：考试所需时间：120分钟 总分:100 分 考试形式：闭卷一、单选题（每小题1分，共20分）1.经济学可定义为（ ） A.政府对市场制度的干预 B.消费者如何获取收入C.研究如何最合理地配置稀缺资源于诸多用途D.企业取得利润的活动2.在某一时期内彩色电视机的需求曲线向左平移的原因是（ ） A.彩色电视机的价格上升 B.消费者对彩色电视机的预期价格上升 C.消费者对彩色电视机的预期价格下降 D.黑白电视机的价格上升3.如果某商品价格变化引起厂商销售收入同方向变化，则该商品是（ ）。

A ．富有弹性 B.缺乏弹性 C.完全弹性 D.完全无弹性4.如果一条线性需求曲线与一条曲线型的需求曲线相切，则在切点处两条需求曲线的价格弹性系数（ ）A.不相同B.相同C.可能相同，也可能不相同D.根据切点位置而定5.当消费者收入增加80%时，某商品需求量增加40%，则该商品极可能是（ ） A.必需品 B.奢侈品 C.低档商品 D.吉芬商品6.当总效用增加时，边际效用（ ）A.为正值，且不断增加B.为负值，且不断减少C.为正值，且不断减少D.为负值，且不断增加7.当X 商品价格下降时，替代效应X1X"=+5，收入效应X" X2=+3。

则该商品是（ ）A.正常商品B.一般低档商品C.吉芬商品D.独立商品 8.消费者的收入不变，但其中一种商品的价格变化，则消费可能线（ ） A ．不动 B ．向右上方移动 C ．向左下方移动 D ．绕着某一点转动 9.某企业生产函数Q=10K L （Q 为产量，L 和K 分别为劳动和资本），则（ ） A.生产函数是规模报酬不变 B.生产函数是规模报酬递增 C.生产函数是规模报酬递减 D.企业处于内部经济阶段 10.等成本曲线绕着它与纵轴Y 的交点向外移动表明 ( ) A.生产要素Y 的价格下降了 B.生产要素x 的价格上升了 C.生产要素x 的价格下降了 D.生产要素Y 的价格上升了 11.正常利润是（ ）的一个组成部分A.显成本B.隐成本C.机会成本D.固定成本 12.随着产量的增加，短期固定成本（ ）A ．增加B ．减少C ．不变D ．先增后减13.已知产量为8个单位时，总成本为80元，当产量增加到9个单位时，平均成本为11元，那么，此时的边际成本为（ ）A ．1元B ．19元C ．88元D ．20元 14.短期内在每一产量上的MC 值应该（ ）A.是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率，但不是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率B.是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率，但不是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率C.既不是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率，也不是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率D.既是该产量上的TVC 曲线的斜率，也是该产量上的TC 曲线的斜率 15.在MR=MC 的均衡产量上，企业（ ）院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线学号：A.必然得到最大利润B.必然得到最小利润C.若获利，则利润最大若亏损，则亏损最小D.不可能亏损16.如果在厂商的短期均衡产量上，AR小于SAC，但大于AVC，则厂商（）A.亏损，立即停产B.亏损，但继续生产C.亏损，生产或不生产都可以D.获得正常利润，继续生产17.如果一个行业是一个成本递增行业，则（）A.行业的长期供给曲线有一正的斜率B.行业的长期供给曲线有一负的斜率C.生产中使用的要素供给曲线是垂直的D.短期平均成本曲线不是U型的18.经济学家一般把（）企业在LAC最低点上产量称作理想产量A.垄断B.垄断竞争C.完全竞争D.寡头19．（）厂商所面临的需求曲线有两种，它们通常被区分为d需求曲线和D 需求曲线A.完全竞争B.垄断竞争C.垄断D.寡头20.在垄断厂商的长短期均衡产量上可以有（）A．P＞LAC B．P＜LAC C．P等于最小的LAC D．P等于最小的LMC二、判断题（每小题1分，共10分）1.随着技术进步和经济发展，稀缺问题将最终消失。

一、试题类型：A型题（每小题2分，共30分）（类型说明：每一道试题下面有A、B、C、D四个备选答案，请从中选择一个最佳答案，并将正确答案的号码填在题干的括号内。

）( ) A．世界上大多数人生活在贫困中B．相对于资源的需求而言，资源总是不足的C．资源必须保留给下一代D．世界上的资源最终将由于生产更多的物品和劳务而消耗光2．对经济学家来讲，非理性意味着( )A．人们无意识的伤害自己B．人们故意采取与自己的最大利益相悖的行为C．人们采取恶毒的行为D．人们没有花费足够的时间加以考虑，从而做出反常的选择3．所有下列因素除哪一种以外，都会使需求曲线移动 ( )A．购买者收入变化B．商品价格下降C．其他有关商品价格下降D．消费者偏好变化4．如果商品a和商品b是替代品，则a的价格下降将造成 ( )A．a的需求曲线向右移动B．a的需求曲线向左移动C．b的需求曲线向右移动D．b的需求曲线向左移动5．需求弹性与需求曲线的斜率关系密切。

需求曲线越是______，则购买者对商品价格变动的反映越敏感。

( )A．陡峭B．向右延伸C．平缓D．靠近纵轴6．若无差异曲线上任何一点的斜率dy/dx=－1/2，这意味着消费者有更多X时，他愿意放弃多少单位X而获得一单位Y. ( )A.0.5B.2C.1D.1.57．下列说法中错误的是 ( )A．只要总产量减少，边际产量一定是负数B．只要边际产量减少，总产量一定也减少C．随着某种生产要素投入量的增加，边际产量和平均产量增加到一定程度将趋于下降，其中边际产量的下降一定先于平均产量D．边际产量曲线一定在平均产量曲线的最高点与之相交8.已知产量为99单位时，总成本等于995元，产量增加到100单位时，平均成本等于10元，由此可知边际成本为______。

( ) A．10元B．5 元C．15元D．7.5元9．完全竞争市场的厂商短期供给曲线是指( ) A．AVC＞MC中的那部分AVC曲线B．AC＞MC中的那部分AC曲线C．MC≥AVC中的那部分MC曲线D．MC≥AC中的那部分MC曲线10．在斯威齐模型中，拐点左右两边的需求弹性是 ( ) A．左边弹性大，右边弹性小B．左边弹性小，右边弹性大C．左右两边弹性一样大D．以上都不对11．当洛伦兹曲线和绝对不平均线所夹面积为零时，基尼系数 ( ) A．等于零B．等于无穷大C．等于一D．无法确定12．在基本消费为正数的线形消费函数中，平均消费倾向 ( ) A．大于边际消费倾向B．小于边际消费倾向C．等于边际消费倾向D．等于零13．在以下三种情况中，投资乘数最大的是 ( ) A．边际消费倾向为0.1B．边际消费倾向为0.4C．边际储蓄倾向为0.3D.边际储蓄倾向为0.7514．中央银行在公开市场上买进政府债券将导致商业银行的存款 ( ) A．不变 B．增加C．减少 D．以上三种情况都可能15．朱格拉周期是一种 ( )A.短周期B.中周期C.长周期D.不能确定二、试题类型：判断题（每小题1分，共10分）（类型说明：判断题干的表述是否正确，在你认为是正确的表述后打“√”，在你认为是错误的表述后打“×”）态。