高中英语语法复习讲义+训练：动词的语态(含答案)

动词的时态和语态Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The real reason why prices ____________(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.2．(2021·通州期末)If we (keep) on doing this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English.3．(2021·南通一模)—Kevin, time for the next destination!—No hurry! Another 15 minutes and we _ _ (explore) all the exhibition rooms of the museum.4．(2021·北京海淀区期中)—Mona is never happy.Look, she _ (complain) about her lunch.—I think she'd better change her way of thinking.5．(2021·陕西汉中一模)It was the first time that I _ (notice) the fresh taste of the meat and vegetables of Chinese food.6．(2021·浙江六校协作体联考)Additionally, the kinds of facial make­up (脸谱) (be) the most particular art in Peking Opera.7．(2021·北京朝阳区二模)Sadly, he never finished the journey, as he _ _ _ (trap) by a snowstorm about 418 kilometers from the end.8．(2021·浙江效实中学一模)The full railway, including a 70­kilometer section through Beijing, _ _ (complete) in four and a half years.9．(2021·安徽黄山一模)However, human activities _ _ _ (put) this ecosystem at risk in recent years.10．(2021·广东惠州二模)I recently heard a story about a famous scientist. When he _ (ask) why he was able to succeed, he gave the answer.11．Hot pot restaurants can ____________(find) on pretty much every street in Chengdu, but the quality and taste can vary hugely.12．It is the first time that I ____________(be) to Beijing.13．When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ____________(not see) for years.14．(2021·北京海淀区期中)—Will you be home before 7：00 p．m. tomorrow?—Probably not, I _ _ (pick) up Johnny at the airport then.15．Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he____________(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.16．(2021·浙江卷1月)A BMI of between 19 and 25 ____________(consider) healthy.17．In the last few years, China ____________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.18．Silk ____________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about100 BCE.19．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On the last day of our week­long stay, we ____________(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.20．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ____________(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.21．(2020·天津卷7月)—You are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It's because I ____________(practise) a lot these days.22．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The artist was sure he would ____________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister, the old man laughed.23．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ____________(point) down the river. 24．(2020·新高考山东卷)The parts of a museum open to the public ____________(call) galleries or rooms.25．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)This is why decorating with plants，fruits and flowers ____________(carry) special significance.26．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)“This really excites scientists，”Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University，says，“because it ____________(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon ____________(construct)．”27．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The unmanned Chang'e－4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—____________(touch) down last week in the South Pole­Aitken basin.28．(2020·新高考山东卷)The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example, ____________(form) the core collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759. 29．(2020·浙江卷7月)By about 6，000 BC，people ____________(discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.30．—Is Peter coming?—No, he ____________(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.Ⅱ.语法填空(2021·湖州高考模拟)Over the past decade, China has become the world's No.1 consumer in many important aspects 1.____________(range) from autos to mobile phones. And films would be added to 2.____________ list too.China's total ticket sales 3.____________(fall) a bit short of the North American box office in 2018, 4.____________ is a healthy showing for China. Since 1994, when the Chinese government eased a longstanding ban on all foreign films, the 5.____________(grow) in China's box office has translated into huge profits for U. S. studios.____________ there are clear signs that Hollywood's dominance (支配地位) of China's film scene has begun to fade. No fewer than four of the five top movies in China in 2018 were 7.____________(local) produced. Among them 8.____________(be) the biggest moneymakerWolf WarriorⅡ，which had taken in a record­shattering $840 million by the end of the year. The promotion of China's film industry may follow that of many other product 9.____________(category) in the country. With the maturity of China's economy, global players find 10.____________(they) having a shrinking share of a growing market.参考答案Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．were2．keep 3．will；have；explored 4．is；complaining 5．had；noticed 6．are 7．was；trapped/had；been；trapped 8．will；be；completed9．have；been；putting/have；put 10．was；asked 11．be found 12．have been 13．hadn't seen14．will_be_picking 15．was going to be16．is considered17．has made18．had become19．were invited 20．have reported21．have been practising 22．be chosen 23．pointed 24．are called25．carries 26．(1)means(2)is constructed27．touched28．formed29．had discovered30．changedⅡ.语法填空1．ranging解析：考查非谓语动词。

动词的时态与语态动词的分类：实义动词（及物动词、不及物动词）、连系动词、情态动词、助动词。

动词的时态、语态的重难点及高考考点：有八种时态在高考中经常考到1、一般现在时；2、一般过去时；3、一般将来时；4、现在进行时；5、过去进行时；6、现在完成时；7、过去完成时；8、过去将来时。

而其中最易混淆的三组时态是1、一般过去时和现在完成时；2、一般过去时和过去完成时；3、现在完成时和过去完成时动词语态：动词语态包括主动语态和被动语态，而被动语态是学习和备考的难点。

动词的时态：英语中的谓语动词要根据使用的时间不同而发生变化。

一般一个动词具有四种变化形式：一般现在时的单数三人称形式（用于一般现在时且主语是单数三人称时），动词的过去式（用于一般过去时），动词的现在分词（用于进行时），动词的过去分词（用于完成式和被动语态），各种词形变化都有相应规则，需熟记。

一般现在时：一、概念：经常发生的动作或习惯性的行为。

二、常连用的时间副词：always,every time, now and then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes, usually, frequently, once in a while.三、句型结构：（以动词work为例）主动结构：S+work/works+O; S+can/must+work+O; S+am/is/are+P.被动结构：S+am/is/are+worked(+by+O).四、常考的考点：(一)、在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替将来时态。

Eg:1.The water (pollute )unless some measures (take).2.Even if she (not come )this weekend, I (go) fishing by myself.3.He (visit) his aunt the day he (come) to Beijing.（二）、表示现在时刻存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。

教师的教考点详解第一讲时态一．一般现在时(do/does; am/is/are)1.条件(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作，I usually have my hair cut once a month.3. 否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ① don’t /doesn’t +动词原形+……4. 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；① Do/Does +…+动词原形+…?二．一般过去时(did; was/were)1. 概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

(1)有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。

常见的此类动词有know，think，expect 等，表示“本来认为”。

I didn't expect to meet you here.I thought he had heard the news.2. 时间状语：三．一般将来时(will do)一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。

(1)“shall/will＋动词原形”表示将来，往往指客观上势必要发生的事情或没有计划，临时做出的打算。

shall常用于第一人称，will常用于第二、三人称。

When will you be able to give us a reply?We shall have a lot of rain next month.—Where is the telephone book?—I'll go and get it for you.(2)be going to do形式表示将来，一般指按计划、打算要做某事，或有迹象要出现的情况。

I am going to buy a computer this summer.It is going to be fine tomorrow.(3)be to do表示将来，一般指按计划或安排要做某事，或按职责、义务和要求必须去做某事。

Lecture Ten理科班英语语法篇（十）动词的语态动词的语态---表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态，分为主动语态和被动语态。

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者一、被动语态结构:1. 行为动词的被动语态: 助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词.|be有人称.时态.数的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样.常见几种时态的被动结构：一般现在时am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词一般过去时was/were +及物动词的过去分词一般将来时will +be +及物动词的过去分词现在完成时have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词现在进行时am/is/are+being +及物动词的过去分词情态动词的被动语态: 情态动词+ be +及物动词的过去分词）2. 否定式:是在助动词be 或情态动词后加not构成疑问式:是把上述助动词或情态动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成.二、被动语态的用法:1.不知道动作的执行者是谁,或没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者.eg. The window was broken yesterday. Is English taught in your school2.强调或突出动作的承受者,此时如想同时指出动作的执行者,可用“by +动作执行者(宾格)来表示.red dress was made by her mother. The letter must be written by me.(三、注意点：1.只有及物动词能构成被动语态, 不及物动词不能构成被动语态.2.某些不及物动词与介词.副词搭配构成短语动词,带有宾语时,则有了动作的承受者,这时应把它们看作一个整体,变为被动语态,不能丢掉其中的介词,常用的有look after, take care of, cut down, laugh at, talk about, turn on等always takes care of the little girl.→The little girl is always taken care of by Carherin e.3.有些动词短语本身即是被动语态的形式, 不要再加by 短语,常用的有be covered with be surprised at be interested in be worried about be made of/from be known to4.某些动词形式是主动语态,但含有被动的意思.eg. This dictionary sells well..This kind of car drives fast. The woolen sweater costs $ 88.5.主动语态与被动语态的相互变化关系主动句: 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语(动作执行者) (动作承受者)被动句: 主语+谓语动词的被动形式+ by + 动作执行者(动作承受者)6.主动语态中有些动词如:make,see,listen, watch,feel后常跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动语态要带上toHe made the boy work for him. →The boy was made to work for him.7.主动语态中若有双宾语,变为被动语态时, 通常把指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语. His uncle gave him a dictionary yesterday.→He was given a dictionary by his uncle yesterday.,基础练习:把下列句子变为被动句:asked me to come a little later. →I ___ _____ to come a little later.often talk a bout food and clothes. →Food and clothes ____ often _____ about by women.they make this kind of truck in Nanjing → ___this kind of truck _____ in Nanjingmust clean our teeth twice a day. →Our teeth must ___ ____ twice a day.I answer this question in simple English →_____this question __ ______ in simple Englishmay clean the room after work. → The room may _____ _______ after work.|use brooms for sweeping the floor. → Brooms___ ___for sweeping the floor.8. They built quite a few tall buildings in their hometown last year.→ Quite a few tall buildings ___ _____ in their hometown last year.9. You must not put the bike there. → The bike ___ ____ _____there.10. Can you see the stars in the daytime → Can the stars _____ __in the daytime单项选择1. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．》A．are not kept；will have to B．are not kept；haveC．do not keep；will have to D．do not keep；have to2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.A. developedB. have developedC. are being developedD. will have been developed3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．A．I've been told B．I've told C．I'm told D．I told4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.@A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. cutB. are cutC. are being cutD. had been cut6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.A. has been designedB. had been designedC. was designedD. would be designed7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.A. breaksB. has brokenC. was brokenD. had been broken（8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.A. have been taken place; have been set upB. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set upD. were taken place; were set up9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.A. had costedB. costedC. is costedD. cost10. —Look! Everything here is under What’s the pretty small house that __ forA. is being builtB. has been builtC. is builtD. is building11.—Do you like the material —Yes, it ___ very soft.—A. is feelingB. feltC. feelsD. is felt12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．A．write B．to write C．to be written D．written13. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．A．to type B．typing C．to be typed D．typed14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.A. won’t wash outB. won’t be washed outC. isn’t washed outD. isn’t washing out【15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.A. be put upB. give inC. be turned onD. go out16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.A. belongsB. are belonged toC. belongs toD. belong to17. —What do you think of the book—Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.A. catchingB. to be caughtC. being caughtD. to catch!19. This page needed ___ again.A. being checkedB. checkedC. to checkD. to be checked20. ___ many times, the boy still d idn’t know how to do the exercisesA. Having taughtB. Having been taughtC. taughtD. Teaching提高练习1. The maths problem can be______.A. easy worked outB. easy to be worked out！C. easily worked outD. easily to work out2. Every possible means______, but none proves successful.A. has been triedB. triedC. is being triedD. has tried3. The girl is to______ a rich man.A. marry withB. be marriedC. marry toD. be married to4. He received a telegram that ______ “Mother sick”.A. wroteB. saysC. readsD. read5. Who can you imagine ______ to his wedding party￥A. invitingB. being invitedC. was invitedD. to be invited6. I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.(NMET)A. gaveB. was givenC. was givingD. had given7.——Will somebody go and get——He’s already been______.(NMET)A. asked forB. sent forC. called forD. looked for8. A conductor ______ to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.A. needsB. is needingC. was neededD. has been needed ~9. When and where to build the new factory ______ yet.A. is not decidedB. are not decidedC. has not decidedD. have not decided10. Ways______to stop pollution by now.A. must findB. will be foundC. are foundD. have been found11. I don't want anything ______ about it.A. to sayB. saidC. sayingD. having said12. ——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.。

中学英语语法复习讲义——动词的时态一. 概念:时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变更来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时.二.相关学问点精讲1.一般现在时的用法1) 常常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

时间状语：every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday。

例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3) 表示格言或警句。

例如：Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

留意：此用法假如出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证明了地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、实力、性格、特性。

例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。

其次句中的now是进行时的标记，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

（一）动词的时态时态动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。

英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。

下面分别介绍。

1、一般现在时的用法（do/does）1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。

句中常用often, usually, every day, sometimes, every week/year, twice aweek 等时间状语。

例如：a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy.c.The earth moves around the sun.2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。

例如：a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定, 按时间表要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。

例如：a.the meeting begins at seven.b.the rain starts at nine in the morning.4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。

a.i like english very much.b.the story sound very interesting.5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。

2.一般过去时的用法(did)1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。

动词时态讲解动词时态、语态汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。

英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种，而且重点测试完成时态。

要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。

1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境，仍用一般现在时。

如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided.If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。

高考英语总复习语法专题复习指导：动词的语态一.概念:动词的语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系.英语的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态用于主动句,表示主语是动作的执行者.被动语态用于被动句,表示主语是动作的承受者.主动语态的构成方式与动词时态相同,而被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成,有人称,数,时态的变化.一.要点精讲1. let 的用法1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to 的不定式。

例如：They let the strange go.他们放陌生人走了。

---> The strange was let go.2）当let 后宾补较长时，let 通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit 代替。

例如：The nurse let me go to see my classmate in the hospital. 那护士让我去探望住院的同学。

----> I was allowed / pe rmitted to see my classmate in the hospital.2.短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。

例如：My sister will be taken care of by Grandma. 我妹妹由奶奶照顾。

Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事闻所未闻。

4. 不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear, die disappear, end（vi. 结束）, fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place等没有无被动语态。

动词时态语态讲解及练习主要考点：考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。

常考的时态为：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、现在进行、过去进行、现在完成、过去完成、现在完成进行、过去将来等。

解题注意事项：语境中的时态和语态具有灵活多变的特点，因此找出隐含于上下文中的时间信息，正确认定动作行为所发生的时间是解题的关键。

做动词时态和语态题时，常常按以下几个步骤：(1)注意题干所提供的信息，如语境、情景以及说话人的情感;(2)根据句中的时间状语以及一些副词判断时态;(3)考虑语态;(4)考虑时态的一致性。

(5)涉及到短暂性动词与延续性动词，这两个概念一定要搞清。

短暂性动词用于进行时态和完成时态都要受到限制。

时态高中英语12种时态一般现在时基本用法：1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。

always, usually, every morning/night, often, sometimes,occasionally, from time to time, twice a week, rarely, seldom, once a month, hardly, ever, never.They usually come to school earlier.2.表示客观事实、客观存在、普遍真理The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

3.表示具备的特征、性格、能力、状态。

She is a doctor.4.在某些以在剧本、解说、标题或here, there开头的句子中,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作There goes the bell/Here comes Mr. Wang. Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming5.表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

★：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

第1章动词时态和语态要点概览动词的时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须借助于时态和语态来完成。

高考试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾其他语法内容的测试，比如各种从句、强调句、倒装句等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。

其考点主要包括：1．注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别，如一般过去时与现在完成时、一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时的区别等。

要求准确判断动作和时间的关系，正确理解时间概念，如是现在、过去还是将来，是时间段、时间点还是时间瞬间。

2．遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，考查在状语从句等特定语言环境中时态的代替。

要求吃透语境，摸清命题人的意图，善于捕捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，克服汉语式的惯性思维。

3．把语态与时态结合在一起，进行综合考查。

各种常用时态的被动语态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一，而且题干中有效信息越来越隐蔽，试题难度呈现加大的趋势。

要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系，分清是主动还是被动。

4．考查主动形式表示被动意义。

对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用。

第一节一般现在时●考点透析1. 一般现在时的构成一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示，但是当主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s或-es。

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早上七点离家去学校。

Li Ming writes good English but does not speak well.李明的英语写的很好但是说的不好。

2.一般现在时的用法。

（1）表示现在的习惯,经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频度的时间副词连用。

I always take a walk after supper.我总是在晚饭后去散步。

Sometimes she comes to school by bus. 有时候她乘坐公共汽车来学校。

动词的时态和语态一、知识框架二、知识梳理动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”有时可以不带to，否定式：not + (to) do。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，可以担任主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语。

动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。

一）不定式的句法功能（1）作主语：不定式作主语时，一般表具体的、个别的、一次性的或具有将来意义的动作。

To forgive is the best virtue of life.人生最好的美德是宽恕。

To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。

若主语较长，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.It means failure to lose your heart.常用句式有：It+be+名词+to doIt takes sb+some time+to doIt+be+形容词+of/for sb +to doHow + adj. + it is + to do sth.!①如果句中的形容词表示人物特征或品质，常同of搭配构成“It is + 形容词＋of＋代词（名词）＋不定式”句型。

如：bold, brave, careful, careless, considerate, cruel, rude, generous, right, wrong, kind, nice, good, polite, clever, wise, foolish, silly等。

②表示事物性质的形容词如easy, difficult, hard, important, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, necessary常同for 搭配。

高考英语专项复习《动词的时态、语态、情态动词、虚拟语气》真题总结含答案一、2022年高考真题1.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）In the last five years. Cao ___67___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high) mountain.67.【答案】has walked【解析】考查动词时态。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。

故填has walked。

68.【答案】highest【解析】考查形容词最高级。

句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。

根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。

故填highest。

2.（2022年全国甲卷短文改错）He showed me how his medical instruments was used. However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. I was unwilling talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not stay out with my friends too late.【详解】2.【答案】was→were【解析】考查主谓一致。

句意：他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。

主语instruments 为复数形式，全文为一般过去时，be动词用复数形式were。

高考动词时态和语态动词时态和语态的构成形式高考真题：2011全国卷,23Planing so far ahead no sense—so many things will have changed by next year.A.madeB.is makingC.makesD.has made答案C考点考查动词的时态。

解析句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义—到明年许多事情会发生变化的。

”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果will have changed。

一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。

is making和has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。

因此选C。

2011全国卷,24I wasn’t sure if he was really intere sted or if he polite.A.was just beingB.will just beC.had just beenD.would just be答案 A 考点考查动词的时态。

解析句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。

”句前wasn’t sure表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested和was just being polite都是相一致的过去时。

2011全国卷,29When Alice came to, she did not know how long she there.A.had been lyingB.has been lyingC.was lyingD.has lain答案 A 考点考查动词的时态。

解析句意为“当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。

”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。

came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，故选A。

〖10全国Ⅰ〗—Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?—No, I ______ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do〖答案〗A 〖考点〗此题考查时态,〖解析〗句意：—你读完了Jane Eyre吗？—没有, 我昨天一直做作业。

动词时态1.一般现在时(do, does)1)The earth goes around the sun.2) His dog always barks at strangers.3) When his dog barks, he will know that a stranger may come.4) The train leaves at seven tonight.（事实、真理）（习惯性、经常性）（时间、条件状从句）（按规定、时间表）1.Could you tell me if it in winter in Beijing.A. snowedB. snowsC. snowD. will snow2. I need one more stamp before my collection _____.A. has completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed时间、条件、程度状语从句中动词的时态在if 、unless等词引导的条件状语从句，when、till/until 、as soon as 、the time等词引导的时间状语从句，以及the more …the more 结构引导的程度状语从句中，当主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时表示将来时间。

2.一般过去时（did）1) The monkey fell down from the tree just now.2) They danced for four years.（过去发生的动作或存在的状态）（过去经常或反复发生的动作）判断正误1、对不起，我没看见你在这儿。

Sorry, I don’t see you here.Sorry, I didn’t see you here.2、我忘了把你的伞带来了。

I forget to bring your umbrella with me.I forgot to bring your umbrella with me.3. 进行时1) It’s snowing.2) He is always telling lies.3) They are leaving for school.a. 现在进行时（is/are/am + doing)go, come, leave 等用现在进行时代替将来时be always / often … doing 表示说话人的态度b. 过去进行时(was/ were + doing)1) She was doing homework this time yesterday.2) He was doing his homework.3) He did his homework.4) He has done his homework.过去在做，不知道有没有完成过去就完成了到现在已经完成了4. 完成时态有时间标志，从过去某个时间开始，一直到现在，并对现在存在影响since, for, before, in the past /last few years …A. 现在完成时(have/ has + done)1) We have learned about 2,000 words since we entered senior high school.2) I have studied English for nearly 10 years.3) Great changes have taken place in Shanghai in the past 10 years.B.过去完成时（had done)1)When he was eight months old, he had learned to drink milk by himself.2)The boy had hoped to pass the exam.3) The lady had intended to hold the vase.had thought/hoped/intended/planned …表示原本打算，但没能实现的C.完成进行时(has/have/had + been + doing)1) They have been doing the experiment all day long.2) He had been doing homework before he went to bed.强调过去某个时间开始，然后一直持续，没有中断一般将来时（1）表示将要发生的动作和状态It is going to rain.（2）表示一种倾向和习惯动作A lion will never attack an elephant.We will die without air and water.（3）常用进行时表将来的动作有come, go, leave, arrive 等，表示不易改变的动作。

表格式一般现在时态和语态一般现在时特点要点内容一般现在时是表示现在经常反复发生的动作存概念标志语谓语动词的时态构成谓语动词语态构成形式温馨提示（重要考点）在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态．often ，sometimes ，always ，usually 等率用，every day, every week, every month, every term, every year, once a week ，twice a year ，on Sundays,1be 的一般在：am isare（"是 "）2当是行的候：（ 1）当主不是第三人称数的候，一般在用行的原形（2）主是 he,she,it等第三人称数（除去I,you 以外的任何一个数的名或者代），要形加 s 或 es．（温馨提示：动词变形要符合两个条件： 1，主语是三单， 2，句子是肯定句）am ／ is ／are + 去分1表示位置移的 go ，come ，start ，move ，sail ，leave ，arrive ，stay ，live, fly, get 等可用一般在表示按划“即将” 生的作，2 在和条件状从句中，都可用在表示将来（即主将从原,一定要有两个句子）【常主将从的志有if, as soon as( 一⋯就) unless( 如果不when, before, until (直到⋯才 )等从句志】1 .He(play) football very well.2.Jenny(has) a good friend?3.Brian（ not live) in China.4.Li Ming with me(be) in Beijing.5.If it（ not rain）tomorrow, we will go to the park.6.Our teacher said that the earth(go)around the sun yesterday.7.He（help）the old man every week .8. The old man（help）by him every week.9.The building(visit) by many people every year.一一般现在时（一）定义：主要用来表示人、事物的在状况和特点；表示常或性的作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time等状；表示客律和永恒真理等He usually goes to work at 7 o ’clock every morning.The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.（二）标志词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever ，every week (day, year, month ⋯ ),once /twice a week, on Sundays,（三）谓语动词构成：1be 动词的一般现在时：am is are（"是"，“在”）2当谓语动词是行为动词的时候：（ 1）当主语不是第三人称单数的时候，一般现在时用行为动词的原形（2）主语是 he,she,it 等第三人称单数（除去 I,you 以外的任何一个单数的名词或者代词），动词要变形加 s 或 es．（温馨提示：形要符合两个条件：1，主是三，2，句子是肯定句）（四） .基本结构：1，肯定句：主+（ +其他的）He loves sports.Jane is an outgoing girl.（主 He 是三，又是肯定句，所以生形，加上了s）Tom and Tim both have medium height.He has a big mouth.We like the dog very much.2，否定句：主+don’t或者doesn’t+原形+其他(在 be 或者后面加上do does) Candy doesn’t do her housework every day.We don’t dance .He isn’t a worker.3，一般疑句：Do (Does)+ 主 +原形 +其他？（把be 或者 do does 提到主的前面）Does she like English? Yes,she does.No,she doesn’t.Do you swim in summer?Are you a teacher?4，特殊疑句：疑+一般疑句Where does Tom come from?（五 )一般现在时态用法（1）经常性或习惯性的作，常与的状用：eg: We always help each other.It often snows in winter. I get up early every morning.（2）表示主在的特征、性格、能力等。