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新视野大学英语3读写教程第八单元答案1. A good ___ is the first step to a good job. [单选题] *A. education(正确答案)B. unitC. textD. subject2. College education provides more ___for a bright future. [单选题] *A. lessonsB. coursesC. opportunities(正确答案)D. subjects3. He had a ___ to his wife who gave him the money to start his business. [单选题] *A. jobB. debt(正确答案)C. chanceD. career4. A ___ is helpful in looking for a job, but it doesn't mean a job. [单选题] *A. certificate(正确答案)B. gradeC. recordD. debt5. If you think getting a certificate means getting a job, you are ___ yourself. [单选题] *A. keepingB. havingC. cheating(正确答案)D. doing6. Try to have a real ___ of the course. Having it on your record doesn't mean much. [单选题] *A. understanding(正确答案)B. understandC. knowingD. know7. To be honest with yourself is to ___ yourself. [单选题] *A. look atB. doC. refuceD. respect(正确答案)8. The ___ of this country comes from its oil. [单选题] *A. wealth(正确答案)B. viewC. sympathyD. tale9. They agreed to meet the ___ week in the People's Park. [单选题] *A. exactB. following(正确答案)C. earlyD. late10. Generally speaking （一般来说）, views on this subject ___ widely. [单选题] *A. manageB. succeedC. graduateD. differ(正确答案)11. The sick old man asked the doctor for ___ to get better soon. [单选题] *A. awardB. advice(正确答案)C. situationD. sheet12. We were all ___ to hear the news that Tom, the silly boy, had won an award. [单选题] *A. fluentB. rudeC. amazed(正确答案)D. successful13. Tony often ___ with his wife about money. [单选题] *A. argues(正确答案)B. interviewsC. embarrassesD. improves14. The little girl got much ___ from her father when she told him about her pains. [单选题] *A. detailB. energyC. sympathy(正确答案)D. suggestion15. I've learned from my uncle that dogs ___ people by their smell. [单选题] *A. improveB. recognize(正确答案)C. expectD. teach16. The classroom needs ___ . [单选题] *A. cleanB. to cleanC. to be cleaned(正确答案)D. being cleaned17. Wordsworth was one of the greatest poets ___ lived in the 19th century. [单选题] *A. whichB. whoC. thoseD. that(正确答案)18. ___ the population is too large, we have to take measures to control the birth rate. [单选题] *A. AlthoughB. Since(正确答案)C. IfD. Until19. As Edison grew ___ , he became more and more interested in science. [单选题] *A. elderB. the elderC. older(正确答案)D. the older20. Only in this way ___ catch up with your brothers. [单选题] *A. do you canB. can you(正确答案)C. you canD. you do can21. The teacher told his students to make the most of the opportunities ______ hand. [填空题] *空1答案：at22. He let the team ______ by not trying hard enough. [填空题] *空1答案：down23. Have you made ______ your mind what courses you are going to take yet? [填空题] *空1答案：up24. She learned the rules of the game step ______ step. [填空题] *空1答案：by25. Will the fine weather keep ______ ? [填空题] *空1答案：up26. ______ some extent you've done a good job. [填空题] *空1答案：To27. She speaks Japanese with a Chinese ______ . [填空题] *空1答案：accent28. One of the firefighters（消防队员） won a（an） ______ for bravery（勇敢）. [填空题] *空1答案：award29. Hard work and good ideas will lead to ______ in business. [填空题] *空1答案：success30. Mr. Black ______ famous people every week in his radio program. [填空题] *空1答案：interviews31. Some young men started smoking without realizing what the ______ were. [填空题] *空1答案：risks32. Tony Green has worked very hard to make his dream a（an） ______ . [填空题] *空1答案：reality33. Ann speaks ______ Japanese, as she has lived there for three years. [填空题] *空1答案：fluent34. The box was very heavy, but Tom still ______ to carry it home. [填空题] *空1答案：managed35. There is a need ______ the skills in learning English. [填空题] *空1答案：for36. You are asking ______ trouble if you let your child play with fire. [填空题] *空1答案：for37. I didn't tell her the bad news, as I was afraid ______ making her sad. [填空题] *空1答案：of38. When he woke up, he found himself ______ the hospital. [填空题] *空1答案：in39. We should all take a leaf ______ of Lei Feng's book. [填空题] *空1答案：out40. Tom's dream is to become a doctor, and he is working very hard to turn his dream ______ a reality. [填空题] *空1答案：into41. Mr. White helped the poor old woman ______ of sympathy. [填空题] *空1答案：out42. My mother filled my glass ______ milk and her glass with tea. [填空题] *空1答案：with43. Tony was doing everything he could, trying to find ______ the girl's telephone number. [填空题] *空1答案：out44. I'm going to visit my aunt this weekend, and my brother is coming ______ well. [填空题] *空1答案：as45. The little girl was glad to see that the basket was filled ______ apples. [填空题] *空1答案：with46. 写作词汇：请填入以下10个单词的正确含义序号（A-J）A. 已婚B. 年龄C. 性别D. 婚姻状况E. 出生日期F. 离异G. 家庭住址H. 签名I. 名J. 姓1. First name___2. Last name___3. Signature___4. Age___5. Sex ___6. Marital status___7. Date of birth___8. Divorced___9. Home address___10. Married___ [填空题] *空1答案：I空2答案：J空3答案：H空4答案：B空5答案：C空6答案：D空7答案：E 空8答案：F 空9答案：G 空10答案：A。
新视野第三册第八单元Unit 8Section A Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning1. Pre-reading1. 1 Background informationCloning: The process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means. DNA: (deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸) the chemical at the center of the cells of living things which controls the structure and purpose of each cell and carries genetic information during reproduction.1. 2 Topic-related video1. 3 Topic-related discussion2. While-reading2. 1 Global reading2.1.1 Understand the major details of the text1.Could a cloned child share personality characteristics with the original?No, a cloned child and original could only resemble in appearance.2.How would a child feel if he were to be used as an organ donor.He would be psychologically hurt.3.What is the gravest concern about human cloning for society?The creation of a new and disrespected social class: the clones.2.1. 2 Understand organization of the text（五号字，斜体）1)Main idea of the textThe essay focuses on one central theme: the legal and moral implications of cloning. It lists a number of questions about the legal and moral implications that arise from cloning and provides answers to those questions from up-to-date knowledge.2)Text structure analysisPart 1 (Para.1) With the success of cloning an adult mammal, the world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning.Part 2 ( Paras.2-3) This part is about the world’s strong and immediate responses in the wake of Wilmut’s announcement.Part 3 (Paras.4-18) This part offers complete or partial answers, from the up-to-date knowledge, to t he six questions on the legal and moral implications of cloning.Part 4(Para.19) This part is intended to reaffirm the author’s opinion that, although the list of questions could go on, people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.2. 2. 1 Words and phrases1）Implication记者们讨论了这场战争的政治含义。
Book 3 Unit 8 教材总结Text A一、单词New wordsbafflevt.confuse sb. completely; be too difficult or strange for sb. to understand or explain 使困惑；难住The mystery that baffled him most was Jos' sudden disappearance from the lakeside cottage. 最让他困惑的谜团是乔斯在湖边小屋的突然失踪。
provocativea.intended to make people angry or upset; intended to make people argue about sth. 挑衅的；煽动的；引起争端的For our conservative small town, "sexual harassment at the workplace" was a particularly provocativetopic. 对我们这个风气比较保守的小镇来说，―工作场所的性骚扰‖是特别令人义愤填膺的话题。
opinionateda.having very strong opinions that you are not willing to change 固执己见的；顽固的Ever since I've known Betty, she has been very opinionated, and she thinks that she is right abouteverything. 自从我认识贝蒂起，她一直都十分固执，认为自己每件事都是对的。
dispensevt. (fml.)1 (~ with) not use or do sth. that people usu. use or do, because it is not necessary （因无必要而）摒弃；不用（做）You can apply for a license from your local council, which means that you can dispense with theformality. 你可以向当地委员会申请一个许可证，从而就可以省掉正式手续。
Flying there is not half the funII·Basic Listening Practice1 ScriptM：would you prefer a window or an aisle seat，madam?W：Aisle，please．If there's none 1eft，then a wind。
w seat is OK．But I don't like middle seats。
Q: what is the order of the woman’s preference?C: aisle-wingdow-minddle2 ScriptM：I’d like to fly economy to Thailand on October 8th．1 want to book two tickets．W：we have only one seat left in economy，but we will give you two business class seats for the same price as one economy and，one business class seat．Q：What can the man get?B: Two business class tickets at a reduced price3 ScriptM：Excuse me，where do I check in for British Airways to London? I can’t find the right check-in counter．W：You should go to Counter 26 on the left-hand side．sir．It's just next to Thai Air．You’d better hurry, though. There’s a long queueQ：What does the woman say? ”C)The British Airways counter is counter26.4．ScriptW：Airport security checks always make me nervous．I’m afraid I’11 set off the alarm because of the jewelry I’m wearing．’M：I know. I’ll set off the security alarm. I have a steel plate in my arm from a rugby Injury.Q：Why will the man set of the alarm?D)Because he has a metal plate in his body5．ScriptM：Welcome home! Here，let me take your suitcase．The car is out in the parking lot．your plane was two hours late：you must be exhausted．W：Yes，we have to check in three hours before take-off time；secufity guards take ages searching carry_0n stuff, but they ignore check-in baggage．Strange system．Q：What is the woman NOT complaining about?A)Security guards search her check-in suitcaseIII．Listening InTask 1: the smaller the airport, the bigger the checkupPaul：The airport security checks sometimes seem very strange to me．Sylvia：What do you mean?Paul：I just completed an international flight．And with all the threats to security oftravel today I expected to have my luggage searched．Sylvia：that’s understandable．I mean, with all the fear that’s out there about terrorism, of course they’re going to check your baggage—especially your carry—ons．Paul：I don’t mind them checking my baggage．In fact，I expect it．But there seems to be an inverse ratio at work．Sylvia：What on earth do you mean? They check everyone’s baggage，don’t they? Paul：Yes，but here’s what’s funny：The smaller the airport，the greater the security．The less likely a plane is to be hijacked，the more precautions they take．Sylvia：Are you serious? Why should a small airport be more aware of security than a large one?Paul：Here’s what I’ve experienced：Once at a small airport，they seized a roll of adhesive tape and argued that it could be used in hijacking．Then they asked me to remove my digital camera from its case and demonstrate that it could take pictures．Sylvia：And is this different from a large airport?Paul：According to my experience，it is．When I flew from Vancouver to Paris，they simply ran my bags through the scanner, and 1 was on my waySylvia：If that’s the case，the baggage checking system is really strange．Paul finds the airport security checks sometimes very strange．In an international flight he did expect to have his luggage searched．Sylvia agrees, knowing that with a11the fear that’s out there about terrorism，they will check passengers’ baggage—especially their carry-ons．In fact, Paul does not mind them checking his baggage but there seems to be an inverse ratio—at work：The smaller the airport, the greater the security. The less likely a plane is to be hijacked, the more precautions they take．Paul further says that once at a small airport, they seized a roll of adhesive tape to prevent hijacking．They also asked him to remove his digital camera from its case and demonstrate that it could take pictures．On the other hand，a large airport is different．When Paul—flew from Vancouver to Paris，they simply ran his bags through the scanner, and he was on his way. Finally, Sylvia admits that the baggage checking system is strangeTask 2: jet lagJet 1ag is the feeling of tiredness that comes after crossing time zones in an airplane．People get jet lag often，especially if they travel far．For example，a flight from New York to Beijing is a tong trip．Passengers will cross many time zones and may have a bad case of jet lag．However, there are some things that can help reduce jet lag．First．drink a lot of liquids．Water is the best liquid to drink．Also，eat low —fat foods during the flight．Noodles are always a good choice．Next，try to do some exercise on the plane．Walk around or stretch your muscles．Also，try to adjust your schedule to correspond with the local time as soon as you can．For instance, if you usually go to sleep at 10 p.m., then when the local time is 10 p．m．，go to bed．Finally，when you arrive at your destination．get some exercise．Ask the front desk clerk where the hotel’s gym is．Remember that if you adjust your schedule to correspond with the local time，your jet lag will not be too bad. In general, your bodytakes only a few days to reset its biological clock，and you’ll soon overcome jet lag．1．T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.TTask 3: $10 is $10One day，an old man named Stumpy and his wife Martha went to the Illinois State Aviation Fair A man was selling plane tides for$10 per person．Stumpy was fascinated and said to，Martha，“I think we really should try that．”Martha replied，“I know you want to，Stumpy，but we have a lot of bills．You know the money is tight，and$10 is$10.” So Stumpy went without．Over the next few years they returned every year to the fair, and the same thing happened：Stumpy wanted a ride，but Martha said they couldn’t afford it．Finally，when Stumpy and Martha were both about 70 years old，Stumpy fixed his eyes on Martha and said，“Martha，I’m 70 now，and I don’t know if I’11 ever get the chance again，SO I just have to have a ride in that airplane．’’Martha replied in the same old fashion，and Stumpy became depressed．The pilot standing nearby overheard the conversation and he cut in，“Excuse me folks，I have a deal for you．I’11 take both of you up together，and if you can both make the entire trip without uttering a word．I’11 give you the ride for free．But if either of you makes a sound，it’s $1 0 each．”Martha and Stumpy looked at each other and agreed．The pilot took them up，and started to climb，spin，dive，climb and spin again．There was no sound．After the pilot landed the plane，he praised the old man，“1 want to congratulate you for not making a sound．You are a brave man．“Maybe SO，”said Stumpy，“but I got to tell you，I almost screamed when my wife fell out，but$10 is$101. A)what did the old man want?B)He wanted to have a ride in the plane．2．What reason did the old woman give for not riding in the plane?A)They had to pay a lot of bills．3．What happened when the old man and woman were about 70 years old?C)The man wanted to fly but the woman did not want him to．4．What deal did the pilot offer?C)The couple could have a flee ride if neither of them made a sound during thetrip．5．What happened to the old woman finally?D) She fell out of the planeIV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations. Travel agent: Horizon Travel, how may I help you?Helen: This is Helen Parker. I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations. Travel agent: And what's your destination. Ms. Parker?Helen: I'm headed for Las Vegas to attend an electronics trade show.Travel agent: OK. Can you spell your name, please?Helen: My last name is Parker, P-A-R-K-E-R, and my first name is Helen. Travel agent: Will you be traveling alone?Helen: Yes, I'll be traveling by myself.Travel agent: Will that be a one-way or a round-trip ticket?Helen: Return. I plan on leaving July 21st and coming back on the 30th. Travel agent: Will you be flying first class or business class?Helen: No, no, not a chance. Economy class, the cheapest. If there's a three-star hotel located downtown, that would be great. If it has a pool, that's better still.Travel agent: OK, let me check the computer. I can book your flight immediately. I'll have to inquire about the hotel reservation and call you back.Helen: No problem. I'm at 658-0266, extension 513. I'll be expecting your call. Travel agent: OK, Ms. Parker. Thank you for your call. I'll get back to you soon. Bye bye.Helen: ByeNow Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Globe Travel Agency, can I help you?B: This is Linda Carter. I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations.A: Where are you going, Ms. Carter?B: I'm headed for Toronto to attend an industrial exhibition.A: Could you spell your name, please?B: My surname is Carter, C-A-R-T-E-R, and my given name is Linda.A: Will you be traveling by yourself?B: No, Ill be traveling with my boss, James Adams. So I need two tickets and two rooms.A: Would you like to have one-way or round-trip tickets?B: Return tickets. But since we re not sure when we can come back, I prefer open tickets for the return journey.A: Will you fly economy class or business class?B: Business class, please. My boss always flies business class. If there's a five-star hotel located downtown, that would be great.A: Well, let me check the computer. I can book your tickets right now. I'll have to check the hotel reservation and call you back.B: No problem. I'm at 58855200. I'll be expecting your call.A: OK. Thank you.MODEL 2 Last week I flew non-stop to Sa~Francisco. ScriptNora: Hey John.John:heyNora: I took a course on how the airport runs, and I don't suffer from fear of flyingany more. Last week I flew nonstop to San Francisco.John: Congratulations! Which flight did you take?Nora: United Airlines, Flight UA858.John: How did it go? Everything smooth sailing?Nora: Not everything. Since I hadn't traveled by air for a long time, I wasn't familiar with the airport. It took me quite a while to find the United Airlines check-in counter. John: Then how did you find it?Nora: In fact, it was displayed on the monitor: "Flight UA858 c~/Counter 45." John: And was everything OK once you found it?Nora: No, there was a terrible line-up. I had to wait there for an hour.John: I see. You must have been burned out waiting before you even boarded the plane.Nora: That still wasn't the end of my troubles. When I finally got to the counter and handed in my passport and ticket, the airline agent looked at my passport and at me again and again.John: Why? Did she think your passport was a fake?Nora: I don't know. I just told her my photo did not flatter me at all.John: Your photo certainly doesn't do justice to your beauty.Nora: She didn't say anything like that. Fortunately, when I asked for an aisle seat, she said she had one. You know, I wouldn't dare take a window seat and look out the window.John: I prefer an aisle seat, too. Then I can stretch my legs and occasionally stand up in the aisle.Nora: Finally she gave me a boarding pass, and it said that my flight would be boarding at Gate 33 in just minutes. So I had to run!John: That's bad luck. But you made it! Good for you.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Hey, good to see you back. How was your trip? Everything smooth sailing?B: Not bad, though I had a little trouble before boarding.A: What was wrong?B: I was caught in a traffic jam and almost missed the flight. But I managed to get to the airport in timeA: Congratulations! Which flight did you take?B: British Airways, Flight BA 554.A: Was it easy for you to find the right counter?B: Yes, the information was displayed on the monitor.A: Since there was not much time left for you, I hope there wasn't a terrible line-up at the counter.B: Luckily, no. The queue was quite short. But I had another problem.A: What was that?B: When I handed in my passport, the airline agent looked at it for a long time.A: Why? Did the agent think your passport was a fake?B: No, she didn't, but she told me that my passport was going to expire in a week. So you see, I had to fly back quickly.A: I hope that was the end of your troubles.B: Not completely. I still had trouble with my baggage.A: What was the problem?B: It was overweight. It took me a while to go through the procedure.A: Any good news before you boarded the plane?B: Yes, when I asked for a window seat, I got one. You know, I wouldn't like to take an aisle or middle seat where I couldn't enjoy the view.A: I prefer an aisle seat, though. So that I can stretch my legs and occasionally stand up.B: Finally the agent gave me the boarding pass, and it said that my flight would be boarding at Gate 24 in just minutes. So I had to run!A: But you made it! Good for youMODEL 3 I've got jet lag.ScriptSusan: Wow! What happened? You look like something the cat dragged in.John: You would too if you’d been through what I have. I've got jet lag.Susan: Jet lag's not for real, is it? It's like a "broken heart"-a figure of speechJohn: It’s for real. See my eyes? They’re all bloodshot. I can’t eat; I can’t sleep. Susan: How long does this jet lag last after you’re home again and walking round? John: I don’t know exactly. It can be a day for each hour’s difference in time. Susan: Ouch! At that rate it’ll take you twelve days to recover from the flight. John: Maybe a drink on the plane can ease your jet lag.Susan: That's not a very good idea. Alcohol dries you out when it's combined with altitude and stale dry air in the cabin.John: I wonder whether a long flight like that is worth the high cost.Susan: Take my advice. Go by boat. Arrive rested and ready to enjoy your holiday. John: No, it'll take too long-longer than the time for me to reset my biological clock after a flight.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Wow! What's wrong with you? You look dead tired ~B: You would too if you'd been through what I have. I've got jet lag. See my eyes: they're bloodshot. I can't eat; I can't sleep.A: How long will this jet lag last?B: I don't know exactly. It can be a day for each hour's difference in time.A: Ouch! At that rate it'll take you twelve days to recover. Maybe a drink on the plane can save you from jet lag.B: That's not a good solution, I'm afraid. Alcohol dries you out when it's combined with altitude and stale dry air in the cabin. But if you drink a lot of water, it helps. A: let's check on the Internet to see how we can overcome jet lag quickly.B: Look, here's an article. So you need to get some exercise. You can go to the gym to work out.A: You should try to match your schedule with the local time. When it's time to go to bed but you don't feel sleepy, you might as well take sleeping pills.B: When you feel sleepy in broad daylight, you can drink strong coffee to stay awake. A: In this way you can reset your biological clock quickly.V. Let' TalkScriptBefore I conclude my talk, I'd like to summarize what we have covered.Air travel has its inherent advantages. Airplanes fly fast, and they are now flying faster than before. Now supersonic passenger planes can fly across the Atlantic Ocean in just a couple of hours. It is reported that new models are being designed. In the future they may carry people from New York to London in less than an hour.In the past not many people traveled by air because of the high fares. Now owing to the market competition, the fare has dropped a great deal, so more people are traveling by air. In the 1990s, the United States witnessed an explosive growth in demand for air travel. Many millions who had never, or rarely flown before, became regular passengers. They even joined frequent flyer loyalty programs, receiving free flights and other such benefits.Flying has become increasing convenient. The introduction of new services and more frequent flights has meant that business flyers can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day. This applies to almost any two points in the country.Some passengers worry about safety in flying. In a crash there are usually no survivors. However, to prevent tragic accidents and serious financial loss, airlines are especially cautious in checking the conditions of aircraft to reduce the possibility of accidents to the minimum. It is sometimes claimed that flying involves fewer accidents than any other modes of travel.Airplanes do have their disadvantages. For example, they are incapable of transporting large quantities of cargo.Also, an airport can be quite far away from the city center. But the advantages of flying outweigh these small drawbacks, and flying remains an efficient kind of transportation.That's the end of my lecture. Now may I take your questions if you have any?Pros and Cons of FlyingPro 1An airplane flies fast(1) Supersonic passenger planes can fly across the Atlantic Ocean in just acouple of hours;(2) In future they may carry people from Now York to London in less than anhour.Pro 2 The fare has dropped a great deal, so more people are traveling by air: Many millions became regular passengers, and even joined frequent flyer loyaltyprograms.Pro 3Flying has become increasingly convenient: Business fliers can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day.Pro 4Airlines are cautious about checking the conditions of aircraft to reduce the possibility ofaccidents to the minimumCon 1The plane is incapable of transporting large quantities of cargo.Con 2An airport can be quite far away from the city center.DissussionSAMPLEA: I like flying better than any other way of traveling. It's so fast and convenient that you can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day, between almost any points in the country.B: But land transport is not slow, thanks to superhighways. What's more, it's often cheaper.A: I'll admit air fare is a bit high, but it's dropped a lot. The high speed and great convenience are worth the money.B: Land transport is often safer. In case of accidents like a fire, you can jump out of the car. Can you jump our of a plane?A: It's true that in a crash there are often no survivors. However, airlines are especially cautious in checking the conditions of aircraft. It's sometimes believed that flying involves fewer accidents than other kinds of travel.B: The problem with a plane is that it can't transport large quantities of cargo.A: I agree, but certainly a plane can carry perishable goods like fresh vegetables to a distant city quickly and safely.B: But an airport is often quite far away from the city center. So that will add to your traveling time. You can’t fly directly to your final destination.A: You have a point there. I know trucks can provide door-to-door delivery service, but buses and trains can't.B: OK, let's come to this conclusion: each type of transport has its own advantages and disadvantages.A: Yes, that's why none of them has been phased out.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1:An Overview of AirlinesScriptAn airline is an organization which provides aviation services for passengers and cargo. It owns or leases airliners to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefits.The scale and scope of airline companies range from those with a single airplane carrying mail or cargo, to full-service international airlines operating many hundreds of airplanes of various types. Airline services can be categorized as intercontinental, intra-continental, regional or domestic and may be operated as scheduled services or charters. These variations in the types of airline companies, their operating scope, and the routes they serve, make analysis of the airline industry complex. But one thing is certain: The industry is heavily influenced by the market now. In the past 50 years or so, the general trend of ownership has gone from government-owned or government-supported to independent, for-profit companies. This is a result of the government permit greater freedom. This trend is not yet consistent across all airlines in all regions. The demand for air travel services depends on other things: needs for cargo transportation, business passenger demand, leisure passenger demand, which are all influenced by macroeconomic activity in the market. These trends are highly seasonal, and often depend on day-of-week, or time-of-day. The industry is cyclical. Four or five years of poor performance are followed by five or six years of gradual improvement in performance.1.D 2 C 3.D 4.A 5.BTask2:Results of Damage TestingScript:Birds often cause accidents when they strike aircraft. To date no reliable method of avoiding birds has been discovered. But scientists at the NASA space center have developed a gun built to launch dead chickens at the windshields of airliners, military jets and the space shuttle, all traveling at their top speed. The idea is to reproduce the frequent incidents of collisions with birds to test the strength of the windshields. Trains sometimes encounter similar problems with birds. It was not surprising that when British engineers heard about the gun, they were eager to test it on the windshields of their new high-speed trains.Arrangements were made to borrow the gun. It was flown across the Atlantic and set up with great care near London. But when the gun was fired, the engineers stood shocked as the chicken flew into the shield, smashed it, went through the engineer's chair, and landed on the back of the car.Horrified, the British sent NASA the results of the disastrous experiment, along with the designs of the new windshield. They begged the U.S. scientists to send them their suggestions for avoiding smashed windshields. NASA reviewed the test thoroughly and had one recommendation: "Thaw the chicken.”Task3: Funny Flight AnnouncementsScript:Occasionally, airline crews try to make their announcements entertaining. Here are some examples that have been reported. One pilot delivered this welcome message: "We are pleased to have some of the best flight attendants in the industry. Unfortunately none of them are on this flight."One pilot said, "Folks, we have reached our cruising altitude now, so I'm going to switch the seatbelt sign off. Feel free to move about as you wish, but please stay inside the plane till we land. It's a bit cold outside, and if you walk on the wings, it affects the flight pattern."A Southwest Airlines employee said, "In the event of a sudden loss of cabin pressure, oxygen masks will descend from the ceiling. Stop screaming, grab the mask, and pull it over your face. If you have small children traveling with you, secure your mask before assisting with theirs. If you are traveling with two small children, decide now which one you love more."Another flight attendant's comment on a less than perfect landing goes like this: "We ask you to please remain seated as Captain Kangaroo bounces us to the terminal." Still another attendant sa id, “As you exit the plane, please be sure to gather all of your belongings. Anything left behind will be distributed evenly among the flight attendants. Please do not leave children or spouses. Last one off the plane must clean it.”News ReportParagliding for a Publishing DealScriptAn Australian writer-and paraglider-tried landing in front of Buckingham Palace last December to help him land a publishing deal.In what looked like a scene from a James Bond movie, the paraglider, 36-year-old Brett de la Mare, was followed through the skies of central London by a police helicopter as he headed toward the palace-the London home of Queen Elizabeth II. The royal family was not present at the time, but police took the incident seriously, all the same. The helicopter tried to force the paraglider away, but in the end, he succeeded in landing on the palace grounds. Police there promptly arrested him.This was no terrorist, however, as Police had feared. He was, rather, a writer trying to gain publicity to help publish a book, called “C anine Dawn”. Unable to get publishers interested in the book, he tried some new ways to get attention.After the incident, de la Mare explained what happened to reporters. "I came in over the fence, and I landed in the forecourt here, and the crowd started cheering. And I was arrested and dragged off." De la Mare said police had difficulty deciding what to charge him with: "They initially…they arrested me for attempted burglary..of ...Buckingham Palace... and of course, they dropped that. I mean, attempted burglary! I mean, it's hardly a discreet method of burglary..." They later charged him with breaches of the Air Navigation Order.De la Mare left a h umorous message on his cell phone for callers: "Hi, this is Brett. I'm sorry you missed me. I am incarcerated right now or something. Please leave me a message, and I'll get back to you as soon as I am free."。
A Teaching Plan for Unit 8(In New Horizon College English Book 3)Ⅰ. Time: 10 class hoursⅡ. Contents:Listening and SpeakingSection A: Legal and Moral Implications of CloningSection B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human CloningⅢ. Suggested Timetable:1.The first two-class-hour session for listening and speaking (Unit 8 in College EnglishListening and Speaking Course Book 3)2.The next four-class-hour session for Section A3.The fourth two-class-hour session for exercises of Section A4.The fifth two-class-hour session for Section B and Section CⅣ. Aims and Requirements:Listening and Speaking:1.Train the students’ability to understand the main idea and grasp important details of thelistening texts.2.Give the students a chance to exchange views on the texts they have heard to enable them tohave a deeper understanding of the texts.Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of CloningStudents will be able to:1.grasp the main idea(legal and moral implications of cloning);2.appreciate and learn to use the important writing technique employed by the author---- listing;3.master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme ofthe unit.Section B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning1.Identify the writer’s purpose( informational writing, persuasive writing, texts writing)2.Identify the function of the rhetorical questions3.Have a good command of some useful expressionsⅤ. Focal Points and Difficult Points:Listening and Speaking:1.Enable students to be familiar with the passage listening skill2.Grasp some words and expression which often appear in CET-4Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning1.Learn to use the structure “what if +clause” and the “with + prep.” structure2.Grasp several CET-4 key words and phrasesSection B: Who Will Take Advantage of Human Cloning1. Analyze rhetorical questionsⅥ. Suggested Teaching Procedure and Methodology:Listening and Speaking: (an interactive approach is introduced)1. Pre-listening Task: arrange the students in pairs and ask them to discuss the followingquestions:(1). Do you have any friends who are left-handed? Do you find them special in any way?(2). What might happen if a left-handed child is forced to become right-handed?(3). Do you think left-handed people are more intelligent than right-handed people? Why or whynot?(4). What advantages and disadvantages do left-handed people have?Some key words and expressions in Language Focus:baffle: v. 1.be too difficult for sb to understand; puzzlee.g. One of the exam questions baffled me completely.2. prevent sb from doing something; frustratee.g. She baffled all our attempt to find her.2. Background Information:Handedness means a preference for the use of either the right hand or the left hand.According to statistics, approximately 75% of the human population is strongly right-handed, and approximately 90% is predominantly right-handed. Among the remaining 10%, some people are strongly left-handed, and others are left-handed for some activities and right-handed for others.Since ours is largely a right-handed world, people in many cultures used to regard left-handedness as abnormal. And left-handed people often have a tough time trying to adapt to the ways things were. At present, however, people are more understanding and almost all left-handed children are allowed to write with their left hands.Why some people are left-handed has been puzzling scientists for a long time. However, up to now no one has come up with a definitive answer, because no gene for left-handedness has been identified. But it does seem to run strongly within a family.3.Listening to text 1 and 24.Speaking tasks: ask the students to get into pairs and explain to them how to carry outSpeaking Task A—reflections on the texts, then select a pair to present their views in class.Section A: Legal and Moral Implications of Cloning1. Background Information1.cloning: the process of making a genetically identical organism through nonsexual means.2.DNA: (脱氧核糖核酸) the chemical at the center of the cells of living things whichcontrols the structure and the purpose of each cell and carries genetic information during reproduction.2.Pre-reading ActivitiesPlease listen to a short passage twice and answer some questions1.From a medical standpoint, what are the positive and negative effects of human cloning?2.From a social and moral standpoint, do you think cloning would be a good thing for humans?3.What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to createhuman beings according to certain requirements?听力原文：The creation of Dolly, a cloned sheep, has aroused great attention around the world. Wenow live in the reality of human cloning. This suggests, on one hand, great medical development and possibilities in curing previously incurable diseases. On the other hand, human cloning has brought confusion and fear to people who worry that it would threaten human society and dignity. If humans are produced, whom will we respect as ancestors, father, or mother? Will cloned people be true humans? The problem really is the creation of a new world order of humans.Answers:1. From a medical standpoint, what are the positive and negative effects of human cloning?It suggests, on one hand, great medical development and possibilities in curing previously incurable diseases.2. From a social and moral standpoint, do you think cloning would be a good thing for humans? Human cloning has brought confusion and fear to people who worry that it would threaten human society and dignity.3. What is your opinion of genetic engineering, i.e. the deliberate altering of genes to create human beings according to certain requirements?The problem really is the creation of a new world order of humans.3. Work on Section AA) Text Structure AnalysisThe essay focuses on one central theme: the legal and moral implications of cloning. It could be divided into four parts.Part 1 (Para.1): background situation of the passage--- with the success of cloning an adult mammal, a world with human clones was suddenly within reach.Part 2 (Paras.2-3): responses to the background situation mentioned in Para.1.Part 3 (Paras.4-18): a list if puzzles or questions.Part 4 (Para.19): Conclusion--- the list of questions could go on; people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.B) Raise some questions to make students grasp some detailed information in the text(question and answer method is used)P art 1 (Para.1)Question:(1) What caught the imagination of everyone?Answer: Word last week that a scientist named Ian Wilmut had succeeded in cloning an adult mammal.Part 2 (Paras.2-3)Questions: (1).To the first successfully cloned sheep, what are the responses from governments?(2). And how do scientists react to it?Answers: (1). Governments hurried to draft guidelines for the unknown future and President Clinton ordered a national commission to study the relative issues. Some countriesbegan examining the moral implications of cloning other species. (Para. 2)(2). Like the Theory of Relativity, the splitting of the atom, and the first space flight,cloning has generated a long list of difficult puzzles for scientists. (Para. 3)Part 3 (Paras.4-18)Questions: (1). How many puzzles or questions are mentioned in this part? And what are they?(2). What is the greatest concern about human cloning for society?Answers: (1). Six puzzles are mentioned. Why would anyone want to clone a human being in the first place? Will it be possible to clone the dead? Would a cloned human be identical tothe original? What if parents decided to clone a child in order to harvest organs? Howwould a human clone refer to the donor of its DNA? What are the other implications ofcloning for society?(2). The greatest concern is genetic engineering—the deliberate altering of genes tocreate human beings.Part 4(Para.19)Question: (1). Will questions about cloning end soon?Answer: No. The list of questions will go on.nguage PointsP art 1 (Para.1)1. At first it was just plain surprising.plain: ad. obviously; plainly; unmistakably (“Plain” is often used informally for “Plainly”)e.g. What Tom said was plain wrong.2.Word last week that a scientist named Ian Wilmut has succeeded in cloning an adultmammal—an achievement long thought impossible—caught the imagination of everyone. Meaning: The news that a scientist named Ian Wilmut had successfully cloned an adult mammal led people to imagine a lot. His successful clone was an achievement that has beenthought impossible for a long time.word: a piece of news or message (in this sense without a or the)e.g.. Word came that I was needed at home.有消息传来说家里需要我。
Unit 8 test Next Direc ons: Click on the speaker to the le to start playing the audio recordings for Parts I, II and III. They will be played con nuously. Once the recording starts playing, please do NOT click on either the speaker icon or the 'Unit Quiz' link in the menu bar above. Otherwise, you may lose the chance of hearing the complete recording. Part I Direc ons: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answers to the ques ons. You will hear the recording recording twice. twice. twice. A er A er A er the the first first playing, playing, playing, there there there will will be me me for for for you you you to to to choose choose choose the the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers. 1. (Listen to the audio recording for the ques on.) A. It is important to offer an online friend a drink. B. It is deligh ul to get a drink from an online friend. C. Ensure that nobody puts anything harmful into your drink. D. Be sure to shake the drink before you take it. 2. (Listen to the audio recording for the ques on.) A. She will run as fast as she can. B. She will defend herself. C. She will be scared to death. D. She will buy a can of hairspray. 3. (Listen to the audio recording for the ques on.) A. Her bicycle. B. Her sunglasses. C. Her cell phone. D. Her wallet. 4. (Listen to the audio recording for the ques on.) A. Mom and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Colleagues. D. Strangers. 5. (Listen to the audio recording for the ques on.) A. His father. B. His sister. C. His teacher. D. The woman speaker. Part II Direc ons: Listen to the passage three mes. When the passage is read for the first me, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second me, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third me, check your answers. How can a teen be convinced to stop smoking —or persuaded never to take up the (1) at all? Those Those ques ons ques ons ques ons became became became even even even more more more (2) (2) (2) last last last week week week when when when the the the Center Center Center for for for Disease Disease Disease Control Control Control and and Preven on reported that tobacco use (3) teenagers increased by nearly one-third in the last (4). In 1994, 27.5% of teens used cigare es, smokeless tobacco or cigars. In 2004, 36.4% (5). Teens Teens have have have their their their own own (6), their own pressures. pressures. What What works works for for for (7) (7) smokers smokers may may may not not work work for for adolescents. To survey the teens, the ques ons must be carefully phrased because "(8)", says April Roeseler, a health health educator educator educator and and and chief chief chief of of of local local local programs programs programs for for for the the the Tobacco Tobacco Tobacco Control Control Control Sec on Sec on Sec on of of of the the the California California Department Department of of of Health Health Health Services, Services, Services, which which which runs runs runs the the the California California California Smokers' Smokers' Smokers' Helpline. Helpline. Helpline. With With With teenagers, teenagers, counselors aim to be more conversa onal. (9). In the next few weeks, the counselor sets up addi onal telephone appointments, with up to a total of eight sessions. (10), says Lester Brown, assistant professor of family and preventa ve medicine at the UC San Diego School of Medicine and the principal inves gator for the project. Researchers want to see whether the teens who quit remain non-smokers. "Things are looking promising," he says, but he could offer no success-rate figures. Part III Direc ons: Direc ons: Listen Listen Listen to to to the the the following following following recording, recording, recording, and and and then then then choose choose choose the the the correct correct correct answers answers answers to to to the the ques ons. You will hear the recording twice. A er the first playing, there will be me for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers. 1. Which of the following would be the best tle for the passage? A. World day against child labor. B. The worst forms of child labor. C. The reasons for child labor. D. The solu ons to child labor. 2. About how many children are doing dangerous jobs? A. About 120 million. B. Over 180 million. C. About 250 million. D. Nearly 750 million. 3. Which of the following is NOT men oned among the worst forms of child labor? A. Illegal sex trade. B. Illegal drug trade. C. Robbery. D. Wars. 4. Where are the most children forced to work? A. In Asia and La n America. B. In Asia and Africa. C. In Africa and La n America. D. In Asia, Africa and La n America. 5. What should be governments' first step to reduce and end child labor? A. To find out the worst forms of child labor. B. To iden fy the worst areas of child labor in the world. C. To punish governments that do not fight against child labor. D. To carry out special programs with me limits. Part IV Direc ons: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements. 1. Believe me, I'll never again be a slave ____ smoking. A. at B. in C. to D. with 2. It's the local youth throwing firecrackers. Don't go out. They're likely to throw one _____ you if you bother them. A. to B. at C. for D. through 3. The beggars really _________. I can't help but feel sorry for them. They look so miserable. A. get to me B. get in me C. make to me D. make in me 4. Someone must have made a copy of your credit card. You'll have to cancel it at once and get a new one. Hopefully, the bank will ______ the damage. A. include B. embrace C. cover D. pay with 5. My accountant is preparing my income tax ______, and I need to go over some of the receipts with her. A. turn B. return C. pay D. report 6. The government just squanders our ___________ tax money on some unnecessary projects. A. hard-earned B. hardly-earned C. hard-earning D. hardly-earning 7. 7. Start-up Start-up Start-up companies, companies, companies, par cularly par cularly par cularly those those those _______ _______ _______ new new new technology, technology, technology, some mes some mes some mes produce produce produce huge huge returns to their creators and investors. A. associa ng with B. associated with C. associates with D. associate with 8. You can't understand gambling as an addic on unless you've been _______. A. a racted B. a ached C. hooked D. booked 9. _____ every student the school had in the ESL and Limited English Proficiency Program, they would receive $400. A. To B. In C. At D. For 10. You don't have money you need to buy the equipment to be compe ve. You have just _____ enough funds to cover your day-to-day opera onal expenses. A. merely B. surely C. barely D. rarely 。
Book 3 Unit 8 教材总结Text A一、单词New wordsbafflevt.confuse sb. completely; be too difficult or strange for sb. to understand or explain 使困惑；难住The mystery that baffled him most was Jos' sudden disappearance from the lakeside cottage. 最让他困惑的谜团是乔斯在湖边小屋的突然失踪。
provocativea.intended to make people angry or upset; intended to make people argue about sth. 挑衅的；煽动的；引起争端的For our conservative small town, "sexual harassment at the workplace" was a particularly provocative topic. 对我们这个风气比较保守的小镇来说，“工作场所的性骚扰”是特别令人义愤填膺的话题。
opinionateda.having very strong opinions that you are not willing to change 固执己见的；顽固的Ever since I've known Betty, she has been very opinionated, and she thinks that she is right about everything. 自从我认识贝蒂起，她一直都十分固执，认为自己每件事都是对的。
dispensevt. (fml.)1 (~ with) not use or do sth. that people usu. use or do, because it is not necessary （因无必要而）摒弃；不用（做）You can apply for a license from your local council, which means that you can dispense with the formality. 你可以向当地委员会申请一个许可证，从而就可以省掉正式手续。
Unit 8TEXT ANew wordsgendern.[C, U] the fact of being male or female 性别Some research tells us that between ages two and five, children become aware of gender. 有研究告诉我们，孩子在2岁到5岁之间开始对性别有所认识。
variablen.[C] sth. that may be different in different situations, so that you cannot be sure what will happen 易变的事；可变因素With so many variables, the exact cost of this experiment is difficult to estimate. 有这么多可变因素，这项实验的确切成本难以估算。
a.likely to change often 易变的；多变的These charges and interest rates are variable and the Bank reserves the right to change them. 这些费用和利率是可变的，本银行保留更改的权利。
contradictionn.[C] a difference between two statements, beliefs, or ideas about sth. that means they cannot both be true 矛盾；不一致It is a contradiction to say you support him but would not vote for him in the election. 你说你支持他，但选举时又不会选他，这是自相矛盾的。
intimatea.having an extremely close friendship 亲密的；密切的Katie has been on intimate terms with Jane since college. 凯蒂从大学开始就和简关系亲密。
II·Basic Listening Practice1 ScriptM：would you prefer a window or an aisle seat，madam?W：Aisle，please．If there's none 1eft，then a wind。
w seat is OK．But I don't like middle seats。
Q: what is the order of the woman’s preference?C: aisle-wingdow-minddle2 ScriptM：I’d like to fly economy to Thailand on October 8th．1 want to book two tickets．W：we have only one seat left in economy，but we will give you two business class seats for the same price as one economy and，one business class seat．Q：What can the man get?B: Two business class tickets at a reduced price3 ScriptM：Excuse me，where do I check in for British Airways to London? I can’t find the right check-in counter．W：You should go to Counter 26 on the left-hand side．sir．It's just next to Thai Air．You’d better hurry, though. There’s a long queueQ：What does the woman say? ”C)The British Airways counter is counter26.4．ScriptW：Airport security checks always make me nervous．I’m afraid I’11 set off the alarmbecause of the jewelry I’m wea ring．’M：I know. I’ll set off the security alarm. I have a steel plate in my arm from aInjury.Q：Why will the man set of the alarm?D)Because he has a metal plate in his body5．ScriptM：Welcome home! Here，let me take your suitcase．The car is out in the parking lot．your plane was two hours late：you must be exhausted．W：Yes，we have to check in three hours before take-off time；secufity guards takeages searching carry_0n stuff, but they ignore check-in baggage．Strange system．Q：What is the woman NOT complaining about?A)Security guards search her check-in suitcaseIII．Listening InTask 1: the smaller the airport, the bigger the checkupPaul：The airport security checks sometimes seem very strange to me．Sylvia：What do you mean?Paul：I just completed an international flight．And with all the threats to security of travel today I expected to have my luggage searched．Sylvia：that’s understandable．I mean, with all the fear that’s out there about terrorism, of course they’re going to check y our baggage—especially your carry—ons．Paul：I don’t mind them checking my baggage．In fact，I expect it．But there seems to be an inverse ratio at work．Sylvia：What on earth do you mean? They check everyone’s baggage，don’t they?Paul：Yes，but here’s what’s fun ny：The smaller the airport，the greater the security．The less likely a plane is to be hijacked，the more precautions they take．Sylvia：Are you serious? Why should a small airport be more aware of security than a large one?Paul：Here’s what I’ve experienced：Once at a small airport，they seized a roll of adhesive tape and argued that it could be used in hijacking．Then they asked me to remove my digital camera from its case and demonstrate that it could take pictures．Sylvia：And is this different from a large airport?Paul：According to my experience，it is．When I flew from Vancouver to Paris，they simply ran my bags through the scanner, and 1 was on my waySylvia：If that’s the case，the baggage checking system is really strange．Paul finds the airport security checks sometimes very strange．In an international flight he did expect to have his luggage searched．Sylvia agrees, knowing that with a11the fear that’s out there about terrorism，they will check passengers’ baggage—especially their carry-ons．In fact, Paul does not mind them checking his baggage but there seems to be an inverse ratio—at work：The smaller the airport, the greater the security. The less likely a plane is to be hijacked, the more precautions they take．Paul further says that once at a small airport, they seized a roll of adhesive tape to prevent hijacking．They also asked him to remove his digital camera from its case and demonstrate that it could take pictures．On the other hand，a large airport is different．When Paul—flew from Vancouver to Paris，they simply ran his bags through the scanner, and hewas on his way. Finally, Sylvia admits that the baggage checking system is strangeTask 2: jet lagJet 1ag is the feeling of tiredness that comes after crossing time zones in an airplane．People get jet lag often，especially if they travel far．For example，a flight from New York to Beijing is a tong trip．Passengers will cross many time zones and may have a bad case of jet lag．However, there are some things that can help reduce jet lag．First．drink a lot of liquids．Water is the best liquid to drink．Also，eat low—fat foods during the flight．Noodles are always a good choice．Next，try to do some exercise on the plane．Walk around or stretch your muscles．Also，try to adjust your schedule to correspond with the local time as soon as you can．For instance, if you usually go to sleep at 10 p.m., then when the local time is 10 p．m．，go to bed．Finally，when you arrive at your destination．get some exercise．Ask the front desk clerk where the hotel’s gym is．Remember that if you adjust your schedule to correspond with the local time，your jet lag will not be too bad. In general, your body takes only a few days to reset its biological clock，and you’ll soon overcome jet lag．1．T 2.F 3.F 4.F 5.TTask 3: $10 is $10One day，an old man named Stumpy and his wife Martha went to the Illinois State Aviation Fair A man was selling plane tides for$10 per person．Stumpy was fascinated and said to，Martha，“I think we really should try that．”Martha replied，“I know you want to，Stumpy，but we have a lot of bills．You know the money is tight，and$10 is$10.” So Stumpy went without．Over the next few years they returned every year to the fair, and the same thing happened：Stumpy wanted a ride，but Martha said they couldn’t afford it．Finally，when Stumpy and Martha were both about 70 years old，Stumpy fixed his eyes on Martha and said，“Martha，I’m 70 now，and I don’t know if I’11 ever get the chance again，SO I just have to have a ride in that airplane．’’Martha replied in the same old fashion，and Stumpy became depressed．The pilot standing nearby overheard the conversation and he cut in，“Excuse me folks，I have a deal for you．I’11 take both of you up together，and if you can both make the entire trip without uttering a word．I’11 give you the ride for free．But if either of you makes a sound，it’s $1 0 each．”Martha and Stumpy looked at each other and agreed．The pilot took them up，and started to climb，spin，dive，climb and spin again．There was no sound．After the pilot landed the plane，he praised the old man，“1 want to congratula te you for not making a sound．You are a brave man．“Maybe SO，”said Stumpy，“but I got to tell you，I almost screamed when my wife fell out，but$10 is$101. A)what did the old man want?B)He wanted to have a ride in the plane．2．What reason did the old woman give for not riding in the plane?A)They had to pay a lot of bills．3．What happened when the old man and woman were about 70 years old? C)The man wanted to fly but the woman did not want him to．4．What deal did the pilot offer?C)The couple could have a flee ride if neither of them made a sound during the trip．5．What happened to the old woman finally?D) She fell out of the planeIV. Speaking OutMODEL 1 I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations.Travel agent: Horizon Travel, how may I help you?Helen: This is Helen Parker. I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations. Travel agent: And what's your destination. Ms. Parker?Helen: I'm headed for Las Vegas to attend an electronics tradeshow.Travel agent: OK. Can you spell your name, please?Helen: My last name is Parker, P-A-R-K-E-R, and my first name is Helen. Travel agent: Will you be traveling alone?Helen: Yes, I'll be traveling by myself.Travel agent: Will that be a one-way or a round-trip ticket?Helen: Return. I plan on leaving July 21st and coming back on the 30th. Travel agent: Will you be flying first class or business class?Helen: No, no, not a chance. Economy class, the cheapest. If there's a three-star hotel located downtown, that would be great. If it has a pool, that's better still.Travel agent: OK, let me check the computer. I can book your flight immediately. I'll have to inquire about the hotel reservation and call you back.Helen: No problem. I'm at 658-0266, extension 513. I'll be expecting your call.Travel agent: OK, Ms. Parker. Thank you for your call. I'll get back to you soon. Bye bye.Helen: ByeNow Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Globe Travel Agency, can I help you?B: This is Linda Carter. I'd like to book hotel and airline reservations.A: Where are you going, Ms. Carter?B: I'm headed for Toronto to attend an industrial exhibition.A: Could you spell your name, please?B: My surname is Carter, C-A-R-T-E-R, and my given name is Linda.A: Will you be traveling by yourself?B: No, Ill be traveling with my boss, James Adams. So I need two tickets and two rooms.A: Would you like to have one-way or round-trip tickets?B: Return tickets. But since we re not sure when we can come back, I prefer open tickets for the return journey.A: Will you fly economy class or business class?B: Business class, please. My boss always flies business class. If there's afive-star hotel located downtown, that would be great.A: Well, let me check the computer. I can book your tickets right now. I'll have to check the hotel reservation and call you back.B: No problem. I'm at 58855200. I'll be expecting your call.A: OK. Thank you.MODEL 2 Last week I flew non-stop to Sa~Francisco.ScriptNora: Hey John.John:hey Nora: I took a course on how the airport runs, and I don't suffer from fear offlying any more. Last week I flew nonstop to San Francisco. John: Congratulations! Which flight did you take?Nora: United Airlines, Flight UA858.John: How did it go? Everything smooth sailing?Nora: Not everything. Since I hadn't traveled by air for a long time, I wasn't familiar with the airport. It took me quite a while to find the United Airlines check-in counter.John: Then how did you find it?Nora: In fact, it was displayed on the monitor: "Flight UA858 c~/Counter 45." John: And was everything OK once you found it?Nora: No, there was a terrible line-up. I had to wait there for an hour. John: I see. You must have been burned out waiting before you even boarded the plane.Nora: That still wasn't the end of my troubles. When I finally got to the counter and handed in my passport and ticket, the airline agent looked at my passport and at me again and again.John: Why? Did she think your passport was a fake?Nora: I don't know. I just told her my photo did not flatter me at all.John: Your photo certainly doesn't do justice to your beauty.Nora: She didn't say anything like that. Fortunately, when I asked for an aisle seat, she said she had one. You know, I wouldn't dare take a window seat and look out the window.John: I prefer an aisle seat, too. Then I can stretch my legs and occasionally stand up in the aisle.Nora: Finally she gave me a boarding pass, and it said that my flight would be boarding at Gate 33 in just minutes. So I had to run!John: That's bad luck. But you made it! Good for you.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Hey, good to see you back. How was your trip? Everything smooth sailing? B: Not bad, though I had a little trouble before boarding.A: What was wrong?B: I was caught in a traffic jam and almost missed the flight. But I managed to get to the airport in timeA: Congratulations! Which flight did you take?B: British Airways, Flight BA 554.A: Was it easy for you to find the right counter?B: Yes, the information was displayed on the monitor.A: Since there was not much time left for you, I hope there wasn't a terrible line-up at the counter.B: Luckily, no. The queue was quite short. But I had another problem.A: What was that?B: When I handed in my passport, the airline agent looked at it for a long time. A: Why? Did the agent think your passport was a fake?B: No, she didn't, but she told me that my passport was going to expire in a week. So you see, I had to fly back quickly.A: I hope that was the end of your troubles.B: Not completely. I still had trouble with my baggage.A: What was the problem?B: It was overweight. It took me a while to go through the procedure.A: Any good news before you boarded the plane?B: Yes, when I asked for a window seat, I got one. You know, I wouldn't like to take an aisle or middle seat where I couldn't enjoy the view.A: I prefer an aisle seat, though. So that I can stretch my legs and occasionally stand up.B: Finally the agent gave me the boarding pass, and it said that my flight would be boarding at Gate 24 in just minutes. So I had to run!A: But you made it! Good for youMODEL 3 I've got jet lag.ScriptSusan: Wow! What happened? You look like something the cat dragged in. John: You would too if you’d been thr ough what I have. I've got jet lag. Susan: Jet lag's not for real, is it? It's like a "broken heart"-a figure of speech John: It’s for real. See my eyes? They’re all bloodshot. I can’t eat; I can’t sleep. Susan: How long does this jet lag last after you’re home again and walking round?John: I don’t know exactly. It can be a day for each hour’s difference in time. Susan: Ouch! At that rate it’ll take you twelve days to recover from the flight. John: Maybe a drink on the plane can ease your jet lag.Susan: That's not a very good idea. Alcohol dries you out when it's combined with altitude and stale dry air in the cabin.John: I wonder whether a long flight like that is worth the high cost. Susan: Take my advice. Go by boat. Arrive rested and ready to enjoy your holiday.John: No, it'll take too long-longer than the time for me to reset my biological clock after a flight.Now Your TurnSAMPLE DIALOGA: Wow! What's wrong with you? You look dead tired ~B: You would too if you'd been through what I have. I've got jet lag. See my eyes: they're bloodshot. I can't eat; I can't sleep.A: How long will this jet lag last?B: I don't know exactly. It can be a day for each hour's difference in time. A: Ouch! At that rate it'll take you twelve days to recover. Maybe a drink on the plane can save you from jet lag.B: That's not a good solution, I'm afraid. Alcohol dries you out when it's combined with altitude and stale dry air in the cabin. But if you drink a lot of water, it helps.A: let's check on the Internet to see how we can overcome jet lag quickly. B: Look, here's an article. So you need to get some exercise. You can go to the gym to work out.A: You should try to match your schedule with the local time. When it's time to go to bed but you don't feel sleepy, you might as well take sleeping pills.B: When you feel sleepy in broad daylight, you can drink strong coffee to stay awake.A: In this way you can reset your biological clock quickly.V. Let' TalkScriptBefore I conclude my talk, I'd like to summarize what we have covered.Air travel has its inherent advantages. Airplanes fly fast, and they are now flying faster than before. Now supersonic passenger planes can fly across the Atlantic Ocean in just a couple of hours. It is reported that new models are being designed. In the future they may carry people from New York to London in less than an hour.In the past not many people traveled by air because of the high fares. Now owing to the market competition, the fare has dropped a great deal, so more people are traveling by air. In the 1990s, the United States witnessed an explosive growth in demand for air travel. Many millions who had never, or rarely flown before, became regular passengers. They even joined frequent flyer loyalty programs, receiving free flights and other such benefits.Flying has become increasing convenient. The introduction of new services and more frequent flights has meant that business flyers can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day. This applies to almost any two points in the country.Some passengers worry about safety in flying. In a crash there are usually no survivors. However, to prevent tragic accidents and serious financial loss, airlines are especially cautious in checking the conditions of aircraft to reduce the possibility of accidents to the minimum. It is sometimes claimed that flying involves fewer accidents than any other modes of travel.Airplanes do have their disadvantages. For example, they are incapable of transporting large quantities of cargo.Also, an airport can be quite far away from the city center. But the advantages of flying outweigh these small drawbacks, and flying remains an efficient kind of transportation.That's the end of my lecture. Now may I take your questions if you have any?Pros and Cons of FlyingPro 1 An airplane flies fast(1) Supersonic passenger planes can fly across the Atlantic Ocean in just a couple of hours;(2) In future they may carry people from Now York to London in less than anhour.Pro 2 The fare has dropped a great deal, so more people are traveling by air: Many millions became regular passengers, and even joined frequent flyer loyalty programs.Pro 3 Flying has become increasingly convenient: Business fliers can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day.Pro 4 Airlines are cautious about checking the conditions of aircraft to reduce the possibility ofaccidents to the minimumCon 1 The plane is incapable of transporting large quantities of cargo.Con 2 An airport can be quite far away from the city center.DissussionSAMPLEA: I like flying better than any other way of traveling. It's so fast and convenient that you can fly to another city, do business, and return on the same day, between almost any points in the country.B: But land transport is not slow, thanks to superhighways. What's more, it's often cheaper.A: I'll admit air fare is a bit high, but it's dropped a lot. The high speed and great convenience are worth the money.B: Land transport is often safer. In case of accidents like a fire, you can jump out of the car. Can you jump our of a plane?A: It's true that in a crash there are often no survivors. However, airlines are especially cautious in checking the conditions of aircraft. It's sometimes believed that flying involves fewer accidents than other kinds of travel.B: The problem with a plane is that it can't transport large quantities of cargo. A: I agree, but certainly a plane can carry perishable goods like fresh vegetables to a distant city quickly and safely.B: But an airport is often quite far away from the city center. So that will add to your traveling time. You can’t fly directly to your final destination.A: You have a point there. I know trucks can provide door-to-door delivery service, but buses and trains can't.B: OK, let's come to this conclusion: each type of transport has its own advantages and disadvantages.A: Yes, that's why none of them has been phased out.VI. Further Listening and SpeakingTask1:An Overview of AirlinesScriptAn airline is an organization which provides aviation services for passengers and cargo. It owns or leases airliners to supply these services and may form partnerships or alliances with other airlines for reasons of mutual benefits. The scale and scope of airline companies range from those with a single airplane carrying mail or cargo, to full-service international airlines operating many hundreds of airplanes of various types. Airline services can be categorized as intercontinental, intra-continental, regional or domestic and may be operated as scheduled services or charters. These variations in the types of airline companies, their operating scope, and the routes they serve, make analysis of the airline industry complex. But one thing is certain: The industry is heavily influenced by the market now. In the past 50 years or so, the general trend of ownership has gone from government-owned or government-supported to independent, for-profit companies. This is a result of the government permitgreater freedom. This trend is not yet consistent across all airlines in all regions. The demand for air travel services depends on other things: needs for cargo transportation, business passenger demand, leisure passenger demand, which are all influenced by macroeconomic activity in the market. These trends are highly seasonal, and often depend on day-of-week, or time-of-day. The industry is cyclical. Four or five years of poor performance are followed by five or six years of gradual improvement in performance.1.D 2 C 3.D 4.A 5.BTask2:Results of Damage TestingScript:Birds often cause accidents when they strike aircraft. To date no reliable method of avoiding birds has been discovered. But scientists at the NASA space center have developed a gun built to launch dead chickens at the windshields of airliners, military jets and the space shuttle, all traveling at their top speed. The idea is to reproduce the frequent incidents of collisions with birds to test the strength of the windshields.Trains sometimes encounter similar problems with birds. It was not surprising that when British engineers heard about the gun, they were eager to test it on the windshields of their new high-speed trains.Arrangements were made to borrow the gun. It was flown across the Atlantic and set up with great care near London. But when the gun was fired, the engineers stood shocked as the chicken flew into the shield, smashed it, went through the engineer's chair, and landed on the back of the car. Horrified, the British sent NASA the results of the disastrous experiment, alongwith the designs of the new windshield. They begged the U.S. scientists to send them their suggestions for avoiding smashed windshields. NASA reviewed the test thoroughly and had one recommendation: "Thaw the chicken.”Task3: Funny Flight AnnouncementsScript:Occasionally, airline crews try to make their announcements entertaining. Here are some examples that have been reported. One pilot delivered this welcome message: "We are pleased to have some of the best flight attendants in the industry. Unfortunately none of them are on this flight."One pilot said, "Folks, we have reached our cruising altitude now, so I'm going to switch the seatbelt sign off. Feel free to move about as you wish, but please stay inside the plane till we land. It's a bit cold outside, and if you walk on the wings, it affects the flight pattern."A Southwest Airlines employee said, "In the event of a sudden loss of cabin pressure, oxygen masks will descend from the ceiling. Stop screaming, grab the mask, and pull it over your face. If you have small children traveling with you, secure your mask before assisting with theirs. If you are traveling with two small children, decide now which one you love more."Another flight attendant's comment on a less than perfect landing goes like this: "We ask you to please remain seated as Captain Kangaroo bounces us to the terminal."Still anot her attendant said, “As you exit the plane, please be sure to gather all of your belongings. Anything left behind will be distributed evenly among the flight attendants. Please do not leave children or spouses. Last one off the plane must clean it.”News ReportParagliding for a Publishing DealScriptAn Australian writer-and paraglider-tried landing in front of Buckingham Palace last December to help him land a publishing deal.In what looked like a scene from a James Bond movie, the paraglider,36-year-old Brett de la Mare, was followed through the skies of central London by a police helicopter as he headed toward the palace-the London home of Queen Elizabeth II.The royal family was not present at the time, but police took the incident seriously, all the same. The helicopter tried to force the paraglider away, but in the end, he succeeded in landing on the palace grounds. Police there promptly arrested him.This was no terrorist, however, as Police had feared. He was, rather, a writer trying to gain publicity to help publish a book, called “Canine Dawn”. Unable to get publishers interested in the book, he tried some new ways to get attention. After the incident, de la Mare explained what happened to reporters. "I came in over the fence, and I landed in the forecourt here, and the crowd started cheering. And I was arrested and dragged off." De la Mare said police had difficulty deciding what to charge him with: "They initially… they arrested me for attempted burglary.. of ...Buckingham Palace... and of course, they dropped that. I mean, attempted burglary! I mean, it's hardly a discreet method of burglary..." They later charged him with breaches of the Air Navigation Order. De la Mare left a humorous message on his cell phone for callers: "Hi, this isBrett. I'm sorry you missed me. I am incarcerated right now or something. Please leave me a message, and I'll get back to you as soon as I am free."。
Legal and Moral Implicationsof CloningNHCE-BIII-Unit 8 MENUI. ObjectivesII. PreviewIII. Leading-inIV. Section A-TextV. Answers to ExercisesVI. Extensive TasksVII. Testing YourselfVIII. HomeworkNHCE-BIII-Unit 8 I: ObjectivesMENUObjectives Students would: • 1. be able to successfully finish listening, speaking, reading and writing tasks related to the theme – Cloning: the Pandora’s box? – with the help of theme vocabulary. • 2. improve the accuracy of their spoken and written output, thanks to theme words and expressions. • 3. improve the fluency of their spoken output during the completion of the chains of tasks. • 4. understand basic knowledge of cloning.Cloned Animals •What animals do you know have been cloned so far?MENUDolly•Dolly, the first mammal to becloned from adult DNA, wasput down by lethal injectionFeb. 14, 2003. Prior to herdeath, Dolly had beensuffering from lung cancer andcrippling arthritis. Althoughmost Finn Dorset sheep live tobe 11 to 12 years of age,postmortem examination ofDolly seemed to indicate that,other than her cancer andarthritis, she appeared to bequite normal.MENUIdaho Gem•The world's firstcloned mule, wasborn on May 4. He isan identical geneticcopy of his brother, achampion racing mulecalled Taz, and thefirst clone to be bornin the equine family.MENUCc•The world's first clonedkitten, named Cc. It wascreated by scientists inTexas using a cell takenfrom an adult tortoiseshellfemale (see next picture).The photo, taken onDecember 22 2001 whenthe kitten was sevenweeks old, was madepublic in February 2002.MENUNoel, Angel, Star, Joy, Mary •Five cloned piglets,born in Virginia, USAon March 5 2000. Theworld's first clonedpiglets were producedby PPL Therapeuticsfrom an adult sowusing a slightlydifferent techniquefrom the one thatproduced Dolly.MENUCloned Calves• A pair of new-born cloned calvesin a cowshed in Ishikawa Japan,on July 5 1998. They were bornexactly two years after Dolly, theBritish sheep that made history bybecoming the first clone of anadult animal. They are the secondadult-animal clones, and wereproduced by a similar technique. Aspokesman for the Ishikawaprefectural livestock researchcentre said the new techniquewould be used to breed bettercattle strains with higher-qualitybeef or greater milk capacity.MENUANDi•ANDi (inserted DNAspelled backwards), thefirst genetically modifiedrhesus monkey, at theOregon regional primateresearch centre inOregon, USA. The birthof ANDi, the first rhesusmonkey cloned byembryo splitting, isanother incremental steptoward designing andperfecting new treatmentsfor human geneticdisorders.MENUThe Process of CloningMENUMENUThe Process of Human ReproductionMENUMENUThe Process of Human CloningMENUMENULegal and Moral Implications of Cloning Legal and Moral Implicationsof CloningDiscussionWhat are the pros and cons of cloning?MENUReferencesPROS:•Produce animals with desirable traits.•Increase the efficiency of the livestock production. •Offset losses of among endangered species populations. •Enable better research for finding cures to many diseases.•Provide children for parents who would like a child but can't have one for various reasons.•Provide parents with an opportunity to clone a child who has died.MENUCONS:•Decline in genetic diversity.•Taking nature into our own hands. •Religious and moral reasons. •Physical problems, such as birth defects. •Possibility of mental and emotional problems of the clone.MENUWatch the video clip, and think: Would you like to be cloned once humancloning becomes a reality? Why or why not?MENUMENULegal and Moral Implicationsof CloningMENUThis part is about the world’s strong and immediate responses in the wake of Wilmut’s announcement.This part offers complete or partial answers, from theup-to-date knowledge, to the six questions on the legal and moral implications of cloning.This part is intended to reaffirm the author’s opinion that, although the list of questions could go on, people are just beginning to wonder about the future of the world after cloning.With the success of cloning an adult mammal, the world was suddenly brought into the reality of human cloning. 1. Structure of TextPara.1 Para. 2-3 Para. 4-18 Para.19MENUReference Words:be amazed; worried2. Questions to Comprehension1) How did the world react to the first successfully cloned sheep? (para.3)MENUReference Words:clone a child, transplant donor, substitute for the original; clone themselves2)What are the two board categories human cloning situations often fall into? (para.5)MENUReference Words: physically identical; sharethe same environment, raised in the same family 3) According to the author, why are twins more alike than clones? (para.9)MENUReference Words:increase the chances, tissue match4) Why do some parents want to save their fatally ill child through cloning? (para.12)MENUReference Words:technology, could be realized5) Could cloned animals be used as organ donors? (para.13)MENUReference Words:creation, new and disrespected social class6) What is the gravest concern about human cloning for society? (para.18)3. Key WordsprohibitmounttransplantresemblebreedconfusionMENUMENU1) prohibit: v. forbid, esp. by law or rule 禁止，阻止TranslationThe government introduced a law prohibiting tobaccoadvertisements on TV.政府颁布法律禁止在电视上做香烟广告。
