全国自考2008年7月英语语法试题

2008年7月山东省自考英语（二）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Word Spelling 12. Word From 13. Translation from Chinese into English 14. Translation from English into ChineseV ocabulary and Structrue1．The number of people invited______fifty, but a number of them______absent for different reasons.A．were; wasB．was; wasC．was; wereD．were; were正确答案：C解析：本题考查主谓一致。

“被邀请人们的数量是五十，但其中很多人由于不同的原因没有出席。

”具体考查the number of与a number of的区别：the number of强调的是number这个词后面谓语要用单数：a number of表示大量的强调后面所修饰的名词，后面要用复数。

2．Johnny, you______play with the knife. You______hurt yourself.A．won’t; can’tB．mustn’t; mayC．shouldn’t; mustD．can’t; shouldn’t正确答案：B解析：本题考查情态动词的区别。

“Johnny，禁止你玩刀子，你也许会伤到你自己。

”第一个空要用语气很强的词mustn’t表示禁止；第二个空应填“也许可能”语气较弱的词may。

3．-I am sorry I broke your mirror. -Oh, really?______.A．It’s OK with meB．It doesn’t matterC．Don’t be sorryD．I don’t care正确答案：B解析：本题是一道情景题。

2008年7月英语(二)答案参考答案一1-5： C C C D C6-10: D C B C B11-15: B D A D B16-20; D B C D A21-25: B B C D A26-30; D B A C B31-35: C B B C A二36：admission37:boundant38:culcte39:drewbbs40:cntrence41.Huacture42.glooy43.hydrance44.incomplish45.literal46.momental47.frankly48.otherwise49.trohibit50.regret51.repeatance52.scarce53.thebarytica54.unless55.vacant56:recognazitaon57:uniccepted58:standing59:retresention60:enrich61:himserf62:to solve63:ability64:To communcate65:competed66.He gotap early because he had emergency67.Theremumst be some dfftculty as the new thing growing up68.your suggestion is on relative to the problem we are disscassing69.The labrary should cateloge the boots by the contents70.she craed seeing the shoct sgory翻译：音乐是我们生活中重要的部分，它用来伴舞、喝酒、吃饭、爱情和思考。

有些歌曲能提起我们小时候，还有一些能提起我们爱过的人。

有时候，音乐很重要。

像婚礼、葬礼，有一些特殊的音乐，每个民族，有自己的民族音乐，再高中、大学都有校歌。

浙江省2008年7月自考高级英语试题课程代码：10005Part IVocabulary (20% )Directions A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.1. Strangely, Bill keeps his office neat as pin, while his home is always in a state of ( )A. chaosB. clarityC. CharityD. chorus2. The soil in this part of the world is not rich enough to _______ a large population.( )A. digestB. retainC. sustainD. survive3. Their ambitious schemes for making big money quickly( )A. took a chanceB. got to the pointC. came to nothingD. went into action4. These technological advances in communication have_______the way people do business.( )A. revolvedB. representedC. AdoptedD. transformed5. Lucy felt she had to be nice to everyone because she never knew who might be a(n) _______ customer.( )A. prospectiveB. perspectiveC. respectiveD. executive6. Since the energy crisis, these big cars have become a real_______. They cost too much to run.( )A. advantageB. liabilityC. reliabilityD. asset7. This_______porcelain vase was made with superb workmanship.( )A. requisiteB. prerequisite8. After such a confrontation between the two parties, any reconciliation would be( )A. out of questionB. within questionC. out of the questionD. without question9. Examinations are not the only means of _______a student’s ability.( )A. assumingB. assertingC. assigningD. assessing10. She tried to keep a _______ face, but inside she rejoiced at the news.( )A. soberB. stableC. StationeryD. stationary11. The success of yesterday’s concert is due in large part to the extensive_______ campaign they ran for weeks before the event.( )A. persuasionB. publicityC. publicationD. propaganda12. They are_______a change of our present way of life to a greener lifestyle.( )A. imposingB. publicizingC. PreachingD. adapting13. In a _______ between the management and the union, a 4% pay raise was agreed on in return for an increase in productivity.( )A. promiseB. compromiseC. collaborationD. cooperation14. The_______ of women to men at my college is about two to one.( )A. rateB. portionC. percentageD. proportion15. The year 1972 was marked by publication of a_______book, The Limits to Growth.( )A. consistentB. confusedC. considerateD. controversial16. When the flames_______, we will be able to see the extent of the damage.( )A. die downB. die offC. die outD. die away17. We need_______improvement in public support.( )A. trivialB. resultant18. John kept his money stored away in a secret place, for fear his nephew should ( )A. wash his hands ofB. lay his hands onC. capitalize onD. make the best of19. They are poor and uneducated. _______, they are very unlikely to ever have an opportunity to travel abroad.( )A. In caseB. For that matterC. As suchD. At most20. It is hard to _______ the death of a member of your family.( )A. get offB. get byC. get awayD. get overDirections B: There are 20 sentences in this section. In each sentence there is a word or phrase underlined. Below each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that can replace the underlined part of each sentence without changing its original meaning.21. The growth of a city enhances the value of land close to it.( )A. increasesB. decreasesC. emphasizedD. highlighted22. What with dishes to wash and children to put to bed, Susan was late to the meeting.( )A. For the sake ofB. Regardless ofC. Because ofD. In spite of23. In relation to the teaching of English grammar, Mrs. Shapiro has much to say.( )A. ConcerningB. ConnectingC. In support ofD. Aside from24. His dissertation can be broken down into five parts and each discusses a particular issue in the area.( )A. linkedB. connectedC. dividedD. combined25. Perceiving that he wasn’t happy with the arrangement, I tried to book a different hotel.( )A. ForecastingB. ConceivingC. ForeseeingD. Realizing26. It is out of fashion to talk about these pop singers. People are now showing great interest in football.( )A. not popularB. popularC. not wiseD. sillyA. in sightB. close byC. at lengthD. in the way28. With the introduction of advanced technology, our company is now able to build ships of tremendous proportion.( )A. rateB. percentageC. sizeD. portion29. She hated to be caught in such embarrassing circumstances, but she knew it was her own fault.( )A. be involved inB. be trapped inC. be immersed inD. be rough on30. According to the speaker, there are some supernatural phenomena for which no scientists can offer any rational explanation.( )A. virtualB. satisfactoryC. imaginaryD. reasonable31. There is likelihood that she will make a full recovery.( )A. probabilityB. explanationC. assertionD. claim32. You have a legal obligation to ensure that your child receive a proper education.( )A. formulaB. schemeC. dutyD. liability33. The ingredients of a cake usually include eggs, sugar, flour and flavoring.( )A. slicesB. elementsC. essenceD. concept34. I enjoy working with these kids because I’m first and last a school teacher.( )A. at mostB. as a matter of factC. at leastD. all in all35. The dispute finally came down to a question of which side should be responsible for the loss.( )A. was passed along toB. was faced byC. was reduced toD. was judged by36. That was a wonderful experience, I never expected to come my way.( )A. stand in my wayB. belong to meC. get under my controlD. happen to meA. enjoyed myself inB. busied myself inC. indulged myself inD. interested myself in38. When he felt out of sorts, he would rave and stamp, or sink into suicidal gloom...( )A. in high spiritsB. in a bad temperC. desperateD. helpless39. Big arguments stimulate their interest, and with luck engage their attention.( )A. giveB. wake upC. PayD. take up40. Jenny had never been to a big party before and she was ill at ease.( )A. enthusiasticB. uncomfortableC. excitedD. sensitivePart IICloze (10%)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blanks there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.We were late as (41)_______ . My husband had insisted on doing his (42)_______by himself, and when he discovered that he couldn’t (43)_______he asked me for help at the last (44)_______. So now we had an hour to get to the airport. Luckily, there wasn’t much (45) _______on the road and we were able to get there just in time. We (46) _____in and went straight to the departure hall to wait for our flight to be (47)____. We waited and waited but no (48) ____was made. We asked at the information desk and the girl there told us that the plane hadn’t (49)_______arrived yet. In the end there was an announcement telling us that passengers waiting for Flight LJ 108 could collect a (50)_______meal ticket and that the plane hadn’t left Spain because of (51) _______ problems. We thought that it wasn’t (52 ) _______for the plane to fly. We waited again for (53) _______until late evening when we were asked to (54)_______to the information desk again. This time we were given tickets to (55)_______the night at the airline’s expense in the nearby hotel. The next morning after a (56) _______ night because of all the planes taking off and landing, we reported back to the airport. Guess what had happened while we were (57)_______! Our plane had arrived and taken off again. All the other passengers had been (58)_______up in the night to (59)_______ the plane, but for some reason or (60) _______we had been forgotten. You can imagine how we felt!41. A. always B. usualC. beforeD. yet ( )42. A. packing B. wrappingC. bindingD. filling ( )C. stageD. moment ( )45. A. vehicle B. transportationC. trafficD. passengers ( )46. A. checked B. registeredC. enteredD. appeared ( )47. A. named B. toldC. calledD. made ( )48. A. statement B. declarationC. announcementD. arrangement ( )49. A. ever B. evenC. howeverD. still ( )50. A. expensive B. cheapC. costlyD. free ( )51. A. scientific B. mechanicC. technologicalD. technical ( )52. A.safe B. certainC. comfortableD. right ( )53. A. length B. agesC. timesD. minutes ( )54. A. report B. contactC. touchD. request ( )55. A. stay B. spendC. put upD. pass ( )56. A. sound B. deepC. sleeplessD. poor ( )57. A. overslept B. oversleepingC. sleepyD. asleep ()58. A. woken B. awakeC. awokenD. woke ( )C. elseD. more ( )Part IIIReading Comprehension (40%)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Read each passage carefully and decide on the best answer.Passage OneThroughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life. With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland, and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric (水力发电的) power. Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes (沼泽) and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways. However, man’s changes to the physical environment haven’t always had beneficial results. Today, pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet. Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles; smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrial areas and the surrounding areas of countryside. The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy. The pollution of water is equally harmful. In the sea, pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous number of algae (海藻), fish and birds. The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed. The same problem exists in rivers . Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless. Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth of technology in order to survive on earth.61. Man has changed his physical environment with a view to ( )A. altering the physical features of the earthB. modifying the face of the earthC. bettering his way of lifeD. improving his surroundings62. The ecological balance of the sea is lost when( )A. people consume more fish than they used toB. the ecological balance of the river is changedC. the production of marine petroleum is increasedD. large numbers of algae, fish and birds are killed63. The underlined word “modified” in Para 1 means( )C. modeledD. qualified64. Who would most probably disagree with conservationists?( )A.industrialistsB. ecologistsC. businessmenD. environmentalists65. The purpose of the writer is( )A. to reduce the modern technologyB. to improve man’s way of lifeC. to warn people not to change the natural environmentD. to call attention to the protection of the natural environmentPassage TwoIf we are to help students develop reading skills in a foreign language, it is important to understand what is involved in the reading process itself. If we have a clear idea of how “good readers” read, either in their own or a foreign language, this will enable us to decide whether particular reading techniques are likely to help learners or not.In considering the reading process, it is important to distinguish between two separate activities: reading for meaning (or “silent reading”) and reading aloud. Reading for meaning is the activity we normally engage in when we read books, newspapers, road signs, etc.; it is what you are doing as you read this text. It involves looking at sentences and understanding the message they convey, in other words, “making sense” of a written text. It doesn’t normally involve saying the words we read, not even silently inside our heads; there are important reasons for this, which are outlined below.Reading aloud is a completely different activity; its purpose is not just to understand a text but to convey the information to someone else. It is not an activity we engage in very often outside the classroom; common examples are reading out parts of a newspaper article to a friend, or reading a notice to other people who can’t see it. Obviously, reading aloud involves looking at a text, understanding it and also saying it. Because our attention is divided between reading and speaking, it is a much more difficult activity than reading silently; we often stumble and make mistakes when reading aloud in own language, and reading aloud in a foreign language is even more difficult.66. The purpose of the author is to( )A. introduce reading skillsB. explain reading processC. decide whether particular reading skills are likely to help learnersD. emphasize silent reading67. The underlined word “stumble” in Para 3 means ( )C. walking with heavy movementsD. being shy68. We can infer from the passage that the author will( )A. explain why we needn’t say the words when reading for meaningB. summarize the two reading activitiesC. dwell on reading aloudD. insist that guess work should be important in both reading aloud and reading for meaning69. In daily life, reading aloud is( )A. frequently usedB. absolutely importantC. less involved than reading silentlyD. more involved than reading silently70. We can conclude that ( )A. to understand a sentence, you have to read all the words in itB. silent reading involves looking at a text and saying the words silently to yourselfC. there is no difference between reading in one’s own language and in a foreign languageD. reading silently is easier than reading aloudPassage ThreeIn our system of education today, examinations are a common feature. Our present education system has often been criticized as too examination-oriented (以考试为导向的). However, one must remember that in offices and other areas of work, examinations still feature clearly. There is no doubt that the fear and influence of examination cause much preparation work. So it therefore appears that examinations whether considered good or bad would stay for a while as a test of human knowledge.Examinations are means to test the intellect of a person, how much he knows or how he has learnt from a particular course. It is designed to make students study, which should be their immediate mission in life. In our competitive world of today, examinations have a highly selecting or filtering role. In the university, students have to pass annual examinations before they are allowed to continue, or study a harder syllabus (教学大纲). (81) Moreover, for entrance into a university, preuniversity examination results would provide a guide as to whether a student has the minimum qualifications necessary.In offices whether government or private ones, examination results show clearly whether a person is fit for promotion. The results indicate how much he knows about the work.In all these cases, examinations inculcate (灌输) a spirit of hard work and competition. Students or office workers canof knowledge.71. The first paragraph mainly indicates that ( )A. although criticized, examinations are still widely usedB. examinations play a bad role in educationC. one should take an argument in favor of examinationD. examinations serve as a test of human knowledge72. The functions of examinations in offices is that their results ( )A. show clearly how well a person is prepared for the examinationsB. show clearly whether a person is fit for promotionC. suggest the way in which the employees deal with routine workD. indicate whether an employee has minimum qualifications necessary73. Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?( )A. Examinations can motivate people to work hard and to be competitiveB. Examinations involve much preparation workC. Through examinations, excellent people can be selectedD. Examinations have produced many people capable of their own field74. The underlined word “filtering” in Para 2 means( )A. passingB. purifying by using a filterC. motivatingD. encouraging75. The author’s attitude to examination seems to be ( )A. uncertainB. neutralC. positiveD. partialPassage Four(82) “There is a senseless notion that children grow up and leave home when they’re 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents. “There is a major shift in the middle class,” declares sociologist Allan Schnaiberg of Northwestern University, whose son, 19, moved back in after absence of eight months.Analysts cite a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. The marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people. A high divorce rate and a declining marriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from college education has become so excessively great that many students now attend local schools. Even afterA mother says, “It’s ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the hassles over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, managing the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times—and left three times, “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He never liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away or meet them at friends’ house.”Just how long should adult children live with their parents before moving on? Most psychologists feel lengthy homecomings are a mistake. Many agree that brief visits, however, can work beneficially.76. There was once a trend in the U.S. that ( )A.young adults left their parents and lived independentlyB. with the marriage age rising, young adults spent more time living with their parentsC. middle-class young adults stayed with their parentsD. divorced young adults moved back to their parents’ home77. Which of the following is not the reason for young adults returning home?( )A.They want to seek emotional comfort after divorce.B.They are too naïve to live independently.C.They find housing cost is a serious problem for them.D.It’s difficult for them to afford the expense of away-from home college education.78. The disadvantages of young adults’ staying with their parents are the following except ( )A.the difficulty to support a large familyB. the inconveniences in everyday lifeC. parents’ interference in children’s privacyD. excessive restrictions of children’s behavior79. What is the best way for parents and children?( )A. Parents should let their children alone.B. Children should share the family expenses.C. Children should visit their parents from time to time.D. Children should live independently when they’re 18.80. The underlined word “skyrocketing” means( )A. soaringB. of rocketC. fastD. speedingPart IV Translation (15%)Directions A: Translate the two underlined sentences in Passage Three and Passage Four into Chinese.81. (Passage Three)82. (Passage Four)Directions B: Translate the following into English.83. 各主要候选人的代表都在努力动员选民支持选举。

2008英语试题及答案一、听力理解（共20分）1. What is the woman going to do this evening?A. Visit her parents.B. Go to the cinema.C. Do some shopping.2. How much will the man pay for the tickets?A. $20.B. $25.C. $30.3. What time does the train leave?A. At 6:15 a.m.B. At 7:15 a.m.C. At 8:15 a.m.4. Where are the speakers?A. In a restaurant.B. At a bank.C. In a library.5. What does the woman mean?A. She doesn't like the gift.B. She thinks the gift is too expensive.C. She wants to buy something else.二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 16. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of sleep.B. The effects of sleep deprivation.C. The benefits of taking naps.7. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a sign of sleep deprivation?A. Difficulty in concentrating.B. Frequent mood swings.C. Increased appetite.8. What does the author suggest to improve sleep quality?A. Taking naps during the day.B. Reducing caffeine intake.C. Exercising before bedtime.Passage 29. What is the purpose of the article?A. To introduce a new technology.B. To discuss the impact of technology on employment.C. To predict the future of technology.10. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of automation?A. Increased productivity.B. Reduced labor costs.C. Improved job satisfaction.11. What does the author think about the future of employment?A. It will be significantly affected by automation.B. It will remain largely unchanged.C. It will be completely replaced by machines.Passage 312. What is the author's opinion about the new policy?A. It is too restrictive.B. It is necessary for the environment.C. It will have a negative impact on the economy.13. What is the main reason for implementing the policy?A. To reduce traffic congestion.B. To improve air quality.C. To encourage public transportation.14. How does the author suggest the policy could be improved?A. By providing more public transportation options.B. By allowing exceptions for certain vehicles.C. By offering financial incentives for carpooling.三、完形填空（共20分）15. A. althoughB. becauseC. unless16. A. interestedB. boredC. excited17. A. decidedB. hesitatedC. refused18. A. despiteB. in spite ofC. because of19. A. leftB. arrivedC. returned20. A. worriedB. surprisedC. disappointed四、翻译（共15分）21. 随着经济的快速发展，环境污染问题日益严重。

全国2008年7月高等教育自考综合英语(二)试题课程代码：00795I.语法、词汇。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。

(本大题共15小题。

每小题1分，共15分)Complete each of the following sentences with the most likely answer.(15 points)1. You should have been more patient ________ that customer.A. ofB. withC. forD. at2. You may ______ this book; I dont want it anymore.A. getB. remainC. maintainD. keep3. His plans are very ______. He wants to master Chinese, English and French before he enters university.A. arbitraryB. aggressiveC. ambitiousD. abundant4. Mary used to get up late,________?A. does not sheB. didnt sheC. did sheD. use she5. This music album is____ as it was the only one ever signed by the pop star.A. unusualB. uniqueC. rareD. special6. They have discussed the problem for several times but could come to no______.A. endB. conclusionC. resultD. judgment7. In ancient times, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals ______ sightseeing.A. than to goB. rather than to goC. other than goingD. more than going8. Dont risk ______ the job which so many people want.A. losingB. to loseC. lostD. your life to lose9. Fruit is rich _______ vitamins.A. withB. inC. atD. of10. The boy never lets his friends ______ when they need his help.A. inB. downC. offD. out11. The noise was so ____ that only those with sensitive hearing were aware of it.A. dimB. softC. faintD. gentle12. When the poor girl heard the bad news, she ______ completely.A. broke awayB. broke upC. broke downD. broke out13. The purpose of teaching is to____ the minds of the students rather than dull them.A. refreshB. renewC. stimulateD. encourage14. ______ in the country, we had few social engagements.A. LivingB. Having been livedC. Being livedD. Having lived15. You havent lost your ticket, have you?I hope ______ .A. soB. noC. notD. didntⅡ．完形填空。

全国2018年7月高等教育自学考试英语语法试题课程代码：00831Ⅰ.单项选择题(每小题2分，共40分)Choose the best answer from the choices given:1.Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the other,（）, of course, madethe others jealous.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which2.Mr.Johnson preferred（）heavier work to do.A. to be givenB. to be givingC. to have givenD. having given3.I remember（）to help us if we ever got into trouble.A. once offeringB. him once offeringC. him to offerD. to offer him4.In the course of a day students do far more than just（）classes.A. attendB. attendedC. to attendD. attending5.How can I imagine Steward（）the first in the freestyle swimming race?A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished6.Jane wishes that she（）foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college.A. didB. would studyC. had studiedD. could study7.Eliza is really an expert in dancing ,but（）singing her performance is anything but good.A. so long asB. when it comes toC. as far asD. as long as8.I met her in the street（）and she told me she was leaving for France next month.A. the other dayB. in three daysC. the following dayD. the next day9.Few of you share my opinion so we have（）in common to discuss.A. a littleB. littleC. nothingD. something10.Today is Jane’s wedding. She（）John.A. had just married withB. was just married toC. has just been married toD. just has been married to11.I am sorry to have begun the meeting before you came. I thought（）.1A. you did not comeB. you should not comeC. you were not comingD. you are not coming12.—Can you attend the meeting tonight?—No,（）the manager about something important.A. I seeB. I shall have seenC.I’ll be seeingD. I can see13.No one is permitted to enter the hall without first（）his identification card.A. having to showB. being shownC. showingD. having shown14.Mark was believed（）the famous novel before we finally met the actual writer.A. to writeB. to have writtenC. writingD. having written15.The question is（）can be put into practice.A. how you have learnedB. how what you have learnedC. that why you have learnedD. how that you have learned16.—May I borrow the money?—（）you pay me back within ten months.A. ButB. UnlessC. SinceD. For17.They had no sooner got on the train（）it pulled out of the station.A. whenB. thanC. beforeD. then18.（）I admit that he is a good man, I don’t mean that he has no weak points .A. WhileB. SupposeC. UnlessD. Because19.I（）the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.A. can not help but admittingB. can not help but admitC. can not help but to admitD. can not help but to admitting20.Three hundred pounds（）really a large sum for him, who has just left school.A. isB. areC. wasD. wereⅡ.填空题(每小题1分，共20分)Fill in the blanks according to the instructions:Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb given:21.I should have worked harder, or I__________(pass)the examination.22.There is not much point__________(argue) any further.23.I’ve heard the book __________(condemn)many times.24.It seems that you are beginning__________(understand) my point.25.Having lost all his money, Mark had no choice but__________(ask) the police for help.26.The family__________(be) at table when he arrived.27.It’s high time you __________(start) to think about your chances of landing a good job after2graduation.28.I__________(want) to send you a message by E-mail but my computer broke down.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate coordinator or subordinator:29.They became more and more amused at__________ he was doing to the dog.30.Work harder, __________you will never pass the comprehensive examination.31.You are to finish your homework __________you can watch TV.32.You didn’t need to carry the parcel home__________ the shop has delivery service.33.JohnwassodisappointedwhenSusanturneddownhisproposal__________here mainedsingle for the rest of his life.34.He is such a sound sleeper__________ you wouldn’t wake him up even if you remove the bed.35.They didn’t know __________they would arrive there on time.36.I was going to finish the novel last night,__________ I was just too tired.37.He was about to tell the truth __________they killed him.Fill in the blanks with an appropriate preposition:38.Clay pots must have some protection __________severe weather.39.Such problems have to be accounted __________in political terms.40.His life is __________stake.Ⅲ.改错题(每小题1分，共10分)Correct errors in the following sentences:41.It was last night when Pat released the pre sident’s illness to the reporters.42.His fondness of collecting stamps was such that nearly half his income went into this hobby.43.What were believed to be aliens from the outer space were actually several sheep going astray.44.Whereshewasatthetimeofthemurderwasofmajorconcerntothepolicethatisinv estigating the case.45.He found it annoyed that his neighbor kept calling him by the wrong name.46.She kept depressed until he advised her seeing a doctor.47.She asked her students a question. Every gave her a different answer.48.Not until 1868 was when Atlanta made the capital of the state of Georgia.49.Five minutes earlier, but we could have caught the last train.50.Paul suggested that they meet in the front of the school gate at one o’clock on Friday afternoon.Ⅳ.改写句子(每小题2分，共20分)Rewrite the following sentences as required.51.Reinforce the negation in the following sentence as required:I haven’t seen such a swarm of ants.(never in all one’s life)52.Rewrite the following sentence by adding an appropriate tag question:They must all have taken the wrong road.53.Turn the following sentence into an exclamation:They are running fast.54.Turn the following sentence into the passive, using by-phrase if necessary:3Don’t try to expect them to reward you with the money they promised.55.Rephrase the following sentence using modal auxiliaries:The Bulls were probably not well prepared for the third game of the 1997 NBA final.bine sentences using coordination:On his way up the hill Jack fell down. He hurt his hands and knees .Jimmy got to the top all right.bine sentences using subordination:He came out of the Conference Room. Reporters surrounded him.bine sentences using a relative clause:She was dancing with a student .He had a slight limp.59.Write counter-factual conditionals based on the given facts:He wasn’t able to answer all the questions ,so he didn’t pass the examination.e inversion:The girls were talking noisily when the teacher walked in.Ⅴ.名词解释(每小题2分，共4分)Define the following terms with examples.61.Define conjuncts.62.Define cohesion.Ⅵ.简答题(每小题2分，共6分)Answer the following questions with the help of examples.63.What is the primary function of a WH-question?64.As expressions of possibility，what is the difference betweencanandmay?65.Why is the past tense often used for politeness?4。

全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794I. 用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其代码填在答题纸相应的位置上。

(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1. I planned（）the task before last Sunday, but failed because of a bad cold.A. to finishB. to have finishedC. finishingD. having finished2. Tom has been writing letters all morning, but he should finish them by now,（）?A. has heB. hasn’t heC. should heD. shouldn’t he3. We can make some changes in the plan（）you find anything improper.A. in caseB. unlessC. so thatD. even though4. The manner in which he talked reminded me（）his grandfather.A. inB. byC. ofD. towards5. He has made another wonderful discovery,（）of great importance to science.A. I think which itB. which I think isC. that I think isD. which I think it is6. It’s 10∶00 a.m. Mr. Johnson（）home now, for he told me that he would meet me in his office at this time.A. must beB. mustn’t beC. can beD. can’t be7. If only we（）as we were told! This would never have happened.A. didB. had doneC. would doD. would have done8. The key（）success is hardworking and persistence.A. onB. forC. toD. of9. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only（）to come again the next day.A. to tellB. to be toldC. being toldD. telling10. In our opinion, there is much（）in their proposal.A. to improveB. improvingC. to be improvedD. to have been improved11. Hardly had he rushed out of the gate（）the whole building collapsed right behind him.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. that12. His report is（）it gives a quite clear idea of every fact.A. written as well thatB. written too well thatC. written so well thatD. written well so as13. The book is much too difficult for me; most of it is quite（）my understanding.A. overB. behindC. againstD. beyond14. She will have some visitors tomorrow, so the has to have somebody（）her six-bedroom house today.A. cleanedB. cleaningC. cleanD. to be cleaned15. The wife blamed the husband for not having told her that they were（）short of money.A. turningB. runningC. goingD. proving16. It is hardly（）that I shall be able to present on the occasion.A. possiblyB. feasibleC. incredibleD. likely17. John won’t go hunting tomorrow, and（）.A. won’t his brother neitherB. won’t his brother eitherC. neither his brother willD. neither will his brother18. However hard I tried, I could not（）him that he was wrong.A. believeB. ensureC. convinceD. persuade19. After three days, he came（）. But staring at his wife and children, he could recognize none of them.A. outB. upC. acrossD. to20.（）to our disappointment, all our efforts were proved useless.A. ManyB. MuchC. MoreD. SuchII. 认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

英语语法自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The book is believed ________ a bestseller in the coming year.A. to becomeB. becomingC. to beD. being答案：C2. She pretended ________ when I entered the room.A. sleepingB. to sleepC. sleptD. sleep答案：A3. The teacher asked the students ________ in the library.A. not to speakB. to not speakC. not speakingD. don’t speak答案：A4. ________ the problem, the manager held an emergencymeeting.A. To solveB. SolvingC. SolvedD. Having solved答案：A5. I don't think it's a good idea ________ so much time on computer games.A. spendB. to spendC. spendingD. spent答案：B6. The children ________ in the park when it began to rain.A. playedB. are playingC. were playingD. play答案：C7. ________ the truth, he decided to tell his boss everything.A. TellingB. ToldC. To tellD. Having told答案：C8. The house ________ last year is now for sale.A. which builtB. builtC. that was builtD. was built答案：B9. She ________ the window and saw a man walking outside.A. looked throughB. looked atC. looked afterD. looked for答案：A10. The letter ________ I received this morning was from my brother.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. /答案：C二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. She is one of the most ________ students in our class. 填：hard-working12. The ________ of the old building took three months.填：reconstruction13. He is too ________ to understand the problem.填：young14. The ________ of the agreement was celebrated with a dinner.填：signing15. She has a ________ memory for names.填：photographic16. The ________ of the company was discussed in the meeting. 填：future17. He has a ________ for classical music.填：passion18. The ________ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.填：completion19. She is ________ to her work and doesn't notice anything else.填：devoted20. The ________ of the house was damaged in the storm.填：roof三、改错（每题2分，共10分）21. She don’t like to travel by plane.正确：She doesn’t like to travel by plane.22. There’s a lot of works to do before the meeting.正确：There’s a lot of work to do before the meeting.23. We was surprised by the news.正确：We were surprised by the news.24. The boy is playing the guitar since he was five.正确：The boy has been playing the guitar since he was five.25. I couldn’t believe m y eyes when I saw the UFOs landing. 正确：I couldn’t believe my eyes when I saw the UFO land.四、翻译题（每题5分，共20分）26. 这个孩子太小，还不能上学。

2008Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension（30 minutes 30%）Directions: In this part there are four reading passages. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to decide to decide on choice that best answers the question or completes the statement.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage.Very high waves are destructive when they strike the land. Fortunately, this seldom happens. One reason is that out at sea, waves moving in one direction almost always run into waves moving in a different direction. The two sets of waves tend to cancel each other out. Another reason is that water is shallower near the shore. As a wave gets closer to land, the shallow bottom helps reduce its strength.But the power of waves striking the shore can still be very great. During a winter gale, waves sometimes strike the shore with the force of 6,000 pounds for each square foot. That means a wave, 25 feet high and 500 feet along its face, may strike the shore with a force of 75 million pounds.(91) Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea. During the most raging storms, the water a hundred fathoms (600 feet) beneath the surface is just as calm as on a day without a breath of wind.21. According to the passage, destruction caused by high waves occurs .A. regularlyB. rarelyC. alwaysD. predictably22. It is implied that out at sea, when waves going in opposite directions meet, their force .A. cause great damageB. extends to the ocean floorC. is liable to lessenD. increases rapidly23. Coastal depth .A. is the only factor influencing the strength of high wavesB. has enormous influence on the force of high wavesC. has on influence pm the strength of very high wavesD. is irrelevant to the power of high waves24. It can be inferred from Para. 2 that the power of high waves striking the shore is .A. constantB. equalizedC. variableD. perpetual25. It is impossible for the high waves .A. to bring about most raging stormsB. to have an effect on the sea bottomC. to affect the surface of the seaD. to cause damage to the landQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passageIf it were only necessary to decide whether teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the rifled few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, has no such choice, for the job must be carried on at the sametime. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our progress, we must produce specialists in many fields. (92) Because we live in a democratic nation, whose citizens make policies for the nation, large numbers of us must be educated to understand, to support, and when necessary, to judge the work of experts. The public school must educate both producers and users of scientific services.In education, there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. Such balance is defeated by too much emphasis on any one field. The question of balance involves not only the relation of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the arts but also relative emphases among the natural sciences themselves.Similarly, we must have a balance between current and classical knowledge. The attention of the public is continually drawn to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge; these should not be allowed to turn our attention away from the sound, established materials that form the basis of courses for beginners.26. It is indicated in Para. 1 that the task of education is fairly complicated because .A. the current public school system is too complicated to be understoodB. the public school system has no choice of what to teachC. it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schoolD. the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students27. The word“defeated”(Para. 2) most probably means .A. brokenB. beatenC. lostD. smashed28. Which of the following statements is NOT included in the passage?A. One of the major tasks of education is to discover the most promising students.B. In order to teach effectively, educators are requested to lay emphasis on one particular field.C. Some subjects have been over-emphasized in public schools.D. The progress of the society cannot merely rely on inventors.29. It can be inferred from the passage that .A. students should learn more up-to-date knowledgeB. lack of scientific knowledge will lead to poor relations between producers and users of scientific servicesC. students are getting to know the importance of good balance among the branches of knowledgeD. sufficient attention should be given to basic knowledge30. The best title for this passage might be .A. Balance in EducationB. Education System in Public SchoolC. Current Situation in EducationD. Importance of Teaching Science and TechnologyQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In primitive societies sick people had to rely on medicine men and witch doctors (Some people still rely on them). (93) It was believed that a person was sick because he had been attacked by evil spirits. The witch doctor’s job was to drive off these spirits.His technique involved a combination of three methods, the first of which was religious. He chanted magic words and used good luck charms which he thought had power over the evil spirits that supposedly had entered the victim’s body. Secondly, he deliberately fed the patient mixtures, which were often filthy and disgusting, to make the evil spirits so uncomfortable that would gladly run away and so enable the patient to get well.(94) The third method was to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbs that were similar in shape or texture to the various organs of the body. From our point of view, this was the only method that had any value. Modern scientific study has shown that some of these remedies had real usefulness in curing sickness, or at least in relieving pain, but not for the reasons advanced by the witch doctor.31. The word“filthy”(Para. 2) most probably meansA. deliciousB. effective D. primitive32. Disgusting mixtures were fed to the patient .A. to make them uncomfortableB. to cause the spirits discomfortC. because evil spirits liked themD. because they had medical value33. According to the passage, the witch doctors .A. functioned in curing some diseasesB. did nothing but harmed human’s healthC. firmly believed in religionsD. were proficient in medicine34. When primitive people were cured, it was actually a result of .A. the witch doctor’s prayersB. the departure of evil spirits from the bodyC. reasons unknown to the witch doctorD. the great skill of witch doctor35. Scientifically speaking, it might be somewhat effective in curing sickness for witchB. to chant magic wordsC. to feed the sick people mixturesD. to give the patient medicines prepared from certain plants and herbsQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Exchange a glance with someone, then look away. Do you realize that you have made a statement? Hold the glance for the second longer, and you have made a different statement. Hold it for three seconds, and the meaning has changed again. For every social situation, there is a permissible time that you can hold a person’s gaze without being intimate, rude or aggressive. If you are on an elevator, what gaze-tine are you permitted? To answer this question, consider what you typically do. You very likely give other. (95) Since being close to another person signals the possibility of interaction, you need to emit a signal telling others you want to be left alone. So you cut off eye contact, what sociologist Erving Goffman calls“a dimming of the lights”you lookdown at the floor, at the indicator lights, anywhere but into another passenger’s eyes. Should you break the rule against staring at a stranger on an elevator, you will make the other person exceedingly uncomfortable, and you are likely to feel a bit strange yourself.If you hold eye contact for more than three seconds, what are you telling another person? Much depends on the person and situation. For instance, a man and woman communicate interest in this matter. They typically gaze at each other for about three seconds at a time, then drop their eyes down for three seconds, before letting their eyes meet again. But if one man gives another man a 3-second-plus stare, he signals “I know you,”“I am interested in you,”or “you look peculiar and I am curious about you. ”This type of state often produces hostile hostile feelings.36. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .A. every glance has its significanceB. staring at a person is an expression of interestC. a gaze longer than three seconds is unacceptableD. a glance conveys more meaning than words37. If a person wants to be left alone an elevator, the best thing to do is .A. to look into another passenger’s eyesB. to avoid eye contact with other passengersC. to signal that he is not a threat to themD. to keep a certain distance from other passengers38. The phrase“a dimming of the lights”most probably means .A. closing one’s eyesB. turning off the lightsC. ceasing to glance at othersD. reducing gaze-time to the minimumA. depressedB. uneasy D. amazed40. The passage is mainly about .A. the limitation of eye contactsB. the exchange of ideas through eye contactsC. proper behavior in different situationD the rule of eye contact in interpersonal communicationPart ⅢCloze (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there is a passage with 20 blanks in it. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You are required to choose the one that best fills into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Unavoidably, global climate is to change. “No matter 41 well the world controls emissions of greenhouse gases, global climate change is 42 ”, warn two new studies which take into 43 the oceans’ slow response 44 warming.45 greenhouse gases never rise beyond their present level, temperatures and sea levels sill continue 46 for another century or more because of a time 47 in the oceans’response to atmospheric temperatures, say researchers.This time lag means policymakers cannot afford to wait to tackle climate change 48 insconsequences become painful, because 49 then they will already be committed 50 further change, they argue. “The feeling is if things are getting bad, you 51 the stop button. But even if you 52 , the climate continues to change, ”says Gerald Meehl, a climatologist.But even an optimistic scenario predicts that 53 temperatures would continue to rise 54 between 0.4℃over the next century. That increase is 55 to the increase in the 20th century.And because water expands as it 56 , this time lag in temperature will continue to push sea level 57 . Meehl’s models predict that thermal expansion alone would make sea levels rise by about 11 centimeters over the next century, even of greenhouse gases were held 58 2,000 levels. The real rise would almost certainly be more, he says, because his models do not include the effect of 59 of glaciers and icecaps, which will be 60 rapid in a warmer world.41. A. how B. what C. where D. which42. A. evitable B. credible C. incredible D. inevitable43. A. counter B. count C. account D. accountant44. A. in B. to C. for D. with45. A. Even if B. Even C. Unless D. Although46. A. lifting B. rising C. raising D. descending47. A. log B. leg C. lag D. lab48. A. while B. when C. until D. after49. A. at B. in C. on D. by50. A. to B. up C. in D. for51. A. hit B. beat C. get D. put52. A. did B. does C. done D. do53. A. local B. global C. regional D. national54. A. by B. for C. in D. for55. A. comparison B. compared C. comparable D. comparing56. A. warming B. warm C. warms D. warmed57. A. bigger B. higher C. father D. lower58. A. at B. for C. in D. on59. A. melted B. melts C. to melt D. melting60. A. less B. more C. most D. leastPart ⅣV ocabulary and Structure (15 minutes 15%)Section A (10)Directions: In this section there are 20 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. you are required to choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single lime through the correct.61. I’d like to five hundred dollars to my current account.A. alterB. methodC. changeD. transferto the farmhouse is across the fields.B. methodC. stepD. means63. The corridor was dark and I my head against the wall.A. BroughtB. damagedC. bumpedD. struck64. The mountain climber had a escape from death.A. shortB. scarceC. closeD. narrow65. you are here, I can leave.A. So thatB. Such thatC. Now thatD. In order to66. Mr. Jones said he wasA. going over C. holding on D. laying out67. It is very kind of you to me at the airport.A. see; offB. put; offC. keep; offD. turn; off68. Where did you your Russian?A. pick outB. pick upC. pick overD. pick on69. To his great , his son again failed to pass the examination.A. importanceB. promotionC. excitementD. disappointment70. I’m very busy, and I can’t three days away from work.A. payB. standC. offerD. affordthe key on the table.B. forgotC. lostD. missed72. Mary, are you to take part in the game?A. supposedB. disposedC. exposedD. proposedA. beginning C. start D. first74. There was nobody in when we came round the corner.A. sightB. glimpseC. glanceD. view75. Susie’A. common C. normal D. ordinary76. A lot of people looked on him an authority.A. likeB. forC. asD. to77. I’d like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and in a quiet environment.A. for allB. first at allC. after allD. first of all78. The journalist claimed that the information came from a source.A. confidentB. dependentC. believedD. reliable79. We were completely when we finally reached the destination.A. worn offB. worn onC. worn outD. worn away80. The doctor said, “If you take this medicine twice a day, it should your cold.”A. restoreB. cureC. treatD. recoverSection B (5%)Directions: Complete the following sentences with appropriate words or expressions or with thevoice.83. I’84. It would be a86. Herecently. (widen)Part ⅤTranslation (15 minutes 10%)Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate in to Chinese. These sentences are all taken from the reading passages you have just read in Part Ⅱ. You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meaning in the context. You should write your answer on the Answer Sheet.91. Yet the waves, no matter how big or how violent, affect only the surface of the sea.然而，不管水波多大多猛烈，只对海面造成影响。

全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试英语阅读（一）试题课程代码：00595I. Careful Reading. (40 points, 2 points for each)Directions: Read the following passages carefully. Decide on the best answers and write the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Although no one is certain why migration occurs, there are several theories. One theory is based upon the premise that prehistoric birds of the Northern Hemisphere were forced south during the Ice Age, when glaciers covered large parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. As the glaciers melted, the birds came back to their homelands, spent the summer, and then went south again as the ice advanced in winter. In time, the migration became a habit, and now, although the glaciers have disappeared, the habit continues.Another theory proposes that the ancestral home of all modern birds was the tropics. When the region became overpopulated, many species were crowded north. During the summer, there was plenty of food, but during the winter, scarcity forced them to return to the tropics.A more recent theory, known as photoperiodism, suggests a relationship between increasing daylight and the stimulation, of certain glands in the birds’ bodies that may prepare them for migration. One scientist has been able to cause midwinter migrations by exposing birds to artificial periods of daylight. He has concluded that changes occur in the bodies of birds due to seasonal changes in the length of daylight.1. According to one theory, when the glaciers disappeared, birds_______.A. stopped migratingB. continued migratingC. began migrating againD. migrated south and stayed there2. The author states that birds left the tropics because_______.A. there was not enough food there in the winterB. there were too many birdsC. there were too many glaciersD. there was too much daylight浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 1 页（共14 页）3. Why did one scientist expose birds to artificial daylight?A. Because he wanted to test the relationship between daylight and changes in the season.B. Because he wanted to test the relationship between migration and temperature.C. Because he wanted to test the relationship between daylight and migration.D. Because he wanted to test the relationship between daylight and a disease of the glandscommon to birds.4. According to the theory of photoperiodism, _______.A. birds should migrate in the middle of the winterB. increasing daylight increases the distance of migrationC. seasonal changes in the length of days do not affect migrationD. longer days cause changes in the bodies of birds5. This passage supports the belief that _______.A. exact reasons for migration are not knownB. birds migrate because of changes in temperatureC. the ancestral home of all birds was the tropicsD. glaciers caused birds to migratePassage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.When Christopher Columbus landed in the New World, the North American continent was an area of astonishing ethnic and cultural diversity. North of the Rio Grande, which now marks the border between the United States and Mexico, has a population of over 12 million people representing approximately 400 distinct cultures, 500 languages, and a remarkable variety of political and religious institutions and physical and ethnic types, Compared to the Europeans, the Indian peoples were extraordinarily heterogeneous, and they often viewed the Europeans as just another tribe.These varied tribal cultures were as diversified as the land the Indians inhabited. In the high plains of the Dakotas, the Mandan developed a peaceful communal society centered around agriculture. Only a few hundred miles away, however, in northwestern Montana, the Blackfeet turned from agriculture and began to use horses, which had been introduced by the Spaniards. As skilled riders, they became hunters and fighters and developed a fierce and aggressive culture 浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 2 页（共14 页）centered around the buffalo. In the eastern woodlands surrounding the Great Lakes, the Potawatomis were expert fishermen, canoe builders, and hunters. In the Northeast, the six Iroquois nations were among the most politically sophisticated people in the world, forming the famed Iroquois Confederation, which included the Senecas and the Mohawks. This confederation, with its system of checks and balances, provided a model for the United States Constitution.6. About how many different cultures existed among the fifteenth-century North American Indians?A. 400.B. 500.C. 600.D. 1200.7. The Mandan tribes could best be classified as ________.A. huntersB. canoe buildersC. farmersD. fishermen8. Before the introduction of horses, the Blackfeet tribes were________.A. peaceful farmersB. aggressive huntersC. fierce warriorsD. skillful sailors9. It can be inferred from the passage that the life-styles of the various American Indian tribes were influenced most by________.A. contact with other tribesB. environmental resourcesC. contact with EuropeansD. governmental organization10. According to the passage, how was the organization of the Iroquois Confederation aforerunner of the United States Constitution?A. It was a union of smaller units.B. It had a representative governmentC. Its form of government had a sophisticated way of selecting judges.D. Its power was regulated by a system of checks and balances.Passage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Unfortunately, most of the science fiction films of the 1970s were not much influenced by 2001:A Space Odyssey. Skillfully directed by Stanley Kubrick, 2001, which appeared in 1968, set new standards for science fiction films. During the next decade, every one of the dozens of 浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 3 页（共14 页）science fiction movies released was compared to 2001, and all but a few were found sadly lacking.Admittedly, Kubrick had one of the largest budgets ever for a film of this kind, but, in my opinion, much of the movie’s power and appeal was achieved through relatively inexpensive means. For example, the musical score, which was adapted in large part from well-known classical compositions, was reinforced by the use of almost kaleidoscopic visual effects, especially during the space travel sequences. Spectacular camera work was edited to correspond precisely to the ebb and flow of the music.After 2001, the dominant theme of science fiction films shifted from the adventures of space travel to the problems created on earth by man’s mismanagement of the natural environment and the abuse of technology by a totalitarian state. Overpopulation and the accompanying shortages of food prompt the state to impose extraordinary controls on its citizens. No fewer than twenty-nine films were made around this theme in the years between 1970 and 1977, including Survivors and Chronicles.In the opinion of this reviewer, until Star Wars was released in 1977, science fiction films were reduced to shallow symbolism disguising to a greater or lesser degree a series of repetitive plots. But Star Wars was different. It offered us a return to imaginative voyages in space and confrontation with intelligent life on other planets. Unlike the other science fiction films of the decade, Star Wars presented technology as having solved rather than aggravated ecological problems. The special effects created to simulate space vehicles hurtling through the blackness of the universe were reminiscent of the artistic standards set by 2001.11. In the author’s opinion, most of the science fiction films released in the 1970s were _______.A. better than 2001:A Space OdysseyB. not as good as 2001: A Space OdysseyC. almost the same as Star WarsD. better than Star Wars12. The theme of the majority of science fiction films made between 1970 and 1977 was _______.A. space travelB. life on other planetsC. ecological problems on earthD. wars between the earth and other planets浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 4 页（共14 页）13. The author believes that the best science fiction movie made in the 1970s was _______.A. 2001: A Space OdysseyB. SurvivorsC. ChroniclesD. Star Wars14. In the author’s opinion, why was 2001 successful?A. Because its budget was large.B. Because its camera work and musical score were blended artistically.C. Because its plot was repetitive.D. Because its symbolism was very good.15. What does the author most object to in the science fiction movies of the 1970s?A. He objects to their camera work.B. He does not like their music.C. He believes that their stories are too much alike.D. He criticizes their special effects.Passage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.As the South was beginning to find itself after the American Civil War, the North, too, focused its interest on the lands below the Mason-Dixon Line. Northerners swarmed over the South: journalists, agents of prospective investors, speculators with plans for railroads, writers anxious to expose themselves to a new environment.One of these was Constance Fenimore Woolson, a young woman from New Hampshire, a grandniece of James Fenimore Cooper, who, like many Northerners, was drawn to the unhappy South by affection, compassion, admiration, or the charm of the life there. With her singular gift of minute observation and a talent for analysis, her imagination lingered over the relics of the ancient South, the quaintly emblazoned tablets and colonial tombs, the wrecked old mansions that stood near by, perhaps in ruined rice lands, amid desolated fields and broken dikes. Such was the dwelling on the Georgia sea island that sidled and leaned in Jupiter Lights with one of its roofless wings falling into the cellar. After St. Augustine, Charleston especially attracted Miss Woolson, crumbling as it was but aristocratic still.In a later novel, Horace Chase, one of the best of all her books, she anticipated Thomas Wolfe in describing Asheville, in which the young capitalist from the North who falls in love with the Southern girl sees the “Lone Star” of future mountain resorts.浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 5 页（共14 页）Miss Woolson was a highly conscious writer, careful, skillful, subtle, with a sensitive, clairvoyant feeling for human nature, with the gift of discriminating observation that characterized Howells and Henry James, two famous realistic writers. She was surely best in her stories of the South, fascinated as she was by its splendor and carelessness, its tropical plants, flowers , odors and birds, and the pathos and beauty of the old order as she saw it in decay.16. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. The Rebuilding of the South.B. Literature after the Civil War.C. Thomas Wolfe’s Influence on Woolson.D. Constance Fenimore Woolson and Her works.17. _______are NOT mentioned in the passage as the kind of people who went to the South after the Civil War.A. Railroad buildersB. Newspaper writersC. Northern politiciansD. Investment agents18. According to the passage, Constance Fenimore Woolson was originally from_______.A. St. AugustineB. GeorgiaC. CharlestonD. New Hampshire19. The word “drawn” in the first sentence of the second paragraph is closest in meaning to_______A. attractedB. sketchedC. tracedD. hauled20. The author mentions Howells and James to _______.A. explain why Woolson chose writing as a careerB. suggest that Woolson was the object of discriminationC. compare Woolson to some of her fellow writersD. question modern opinion of Woolson’s abilitiesII. Speed Reading. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Skim or scan the following passages. Decide on the best answers and write the corresponding letters on your Answer Sheet.浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第 6 页（共14 页）Passage FiveQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage.The first books were quite different from the books of today. They were made of baked clay tablets. Some of these tablets that have been found were used in Mesopotamia about fifty-five hundred years ago. The people of that time used symbols to represent their language. When the clay was soft, the symbols were written in the clay. After the tablets were baked, the clay hardened and the messages were permanently preserved. Most of the tablets that have been found are business records, such as deeds to certain lands in the area.The Egyptians found a material that was more convenient to write on than clay. They used the bark of the papyrus, a grassy plant that grows wild in the Nile V alley. They pasted layers of this bark together to make long sheets—sometimes over 100 feet long. A wooden roller was attached to each end of the sheet so that a small portion could be read, and then the papyrus could be rolled up a little to reveal a new portion of writing. Because this method was employed, the Egyptian writing was done in columns, reading from top to bottom.For centuries, this type of book was used in Greece, Egypt, China and Rome. The Romans made roll books of vellum, a soft parchment made from the skins of young animals such as lambs, kids or calves. About 300 A.D. a new type of book was developed: three or four sheets of vellum were folded and sewn together. Then the ends were cut so that the pages could be turned.The Chinese began printing books during the Middle Ages, long before the Europeans. Their printing type was made of baked clay and their books were made of paper—another Chinese invention. The Chinese books looked very much like our modern books. However, the Chinese had little or no contact with Europe at that time, so it is not clear whether the Europeans learned about printing from the Chinese.The first known inventor of printing in Europe was Johannes Gutenberg of Germany. The first book printed in his workshop was a Latin Bible. A few copies of this first book still exist. They are now over 500 years old. The Gutenberg Bible was printed on a hand press with type made of lead. Most of the copies were printed on paper, but a few were printed on vellum. The books are about 12 inches wide and 16.5 inches long.21. The oldest books found were made of _______ .A. clayB. wood浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第7 页（共14 页）C. stoneD. papyrus22. The oldest books known were found in _______ .A. EuropeB. AfricaC. MesopotamiaD. China23. The first printed books were made by the _______ .A. ChineseB. EgyptiansC. GermansD. French24. The Romans made a new kind of book out of _______ .A. bull skinsB. the bark of certain treesC. papyrusD. vellum25. The Gutenberg Bible was about _______ .A. 1.5 feet wideB. 16 inches wideC. 12 inches wideD. 7 inches widePassage SixQuestions 26-30 are based on the following passage.Sequoyah was born about 1770 in the village of Taskigi. He was a Cherokee Indian, and, along with his entire tribe, he was illiterate. As a result of a hunting accident that left him partially crippled, he enjoyed more leisure time than other tribesmen. Then he began to ponder the idea that the Indian people might also come to possess the secret of the “talking leaf”. Alone in the woods, he spent hours playing with pieces of wood or making odd little marks on one stone with another. Neither his wife nor his friends offered him any encouragement, and many ridiculed him. However, Sequoyah was obsessed with his dream of developing an alphabet for the Cherokee language.At first, Sequoyah tried to give every word a separate character, but eventually he realized the futility of such an approach and settled on assigning one character to each sound. What he achieved twelve years later was a syllabary of eighty-six characters representing all of the sounds of Cherokee. In combination, they produced a written language of remarkable simplicity and effectiveness. It was so simple, in fact, that it could be learned in a few days. Within a matter of months, a population that had been entirely illiterate became almost entirely literate.As a tribute to this great Indian educator, the tallest trees in North America, the Sierra 浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第8 页（共14 页）Redwoods, were given the name Sequoyahs.26. From this passage, we know that Sequoyah was _______ .A. a very tall personB. a Taskigi IndianC. a married manD. easily discouraged27. Sequoyah had more free time than the other tribesmen did because he was _______ .A. developing an alphabetB. a hunterC. a very old manD. crippled28. Sequoyah spent so much time in the woods because _______ .A. he did not have any friendsB. he liked to playC. he was experimenting with a system of an alphabetD. he was hunting for food29. The Cherokee alphabet _______ .A. had a separate character for each wordB. had a separate character for each soundC. was very complicated to learnD. was not accepted by the tribe30. How long did it take Sequoyah to develop his alphabet?A. A few days.B. Several months.C. Twelve years.D. All of his life.III. Discourse Cloze. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Read the passage and fill in the numbered spaces (there are more suggested answers than necessary). Write the letters of your answers on the Answer Sheet.American society is much more informal than that of many other countries and, in some ways, is characterized by less social distinction. The American mixture of pride in achievement and sense of “I’m just as good as anybody else.” along with lack of importance placed on personal dignity, is difficult for a foreigner to understand. (31) ________, and they grumble loudly about inconveniences or nor getting a “fair deal.” Y et they do not make a point of their personal honor.(32) ______, John Whyte in American Words and Ways gives the following account.浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第9 页（共14 页）A… []visiting was once sent a bill for hospital servicesinEuropean professor []Americawhich he had never enjoyed. The bill was accompanied by a strong letter demanding payment. (33) _____, but the professor, thoroughly aroused by this reflection on his character and financial integrity, wrote a vigorous letter of reply (which an American might also have done). But in this letter of reply he demanded that the creditor write him a formal letter of apology for this reflection on his honor. Since no publicity could possibly have been given to the mistake, for mistake it was, most Americans in that situation, after getting the matter off their chest (or without doing that) would have let the matter rest.An example of the same thing may be that although Americans like to talk about their accomplishments, it is their custom to show certain modesty in reply to compliments. (34) _____, which, incidentally, is a very polite thing to do in America, the American turns it aside. If someone should say, “Congratulations upon being elected president of the club,” an American i s expected to reply, “Well, I hope I can do a good job,” or something of the sort. Or if someone says, “That’s a pretty blue necktie you are wearing,” an American is likely to say, “I’m glad you like it,” or “Thank you. My wife gave it to me for my birthday.” The response to a compliment seldom conveys the idea, “I, too ,think I’m pretty good.”(35) ______. Students do not rise when a teacher enters the room. One does not always addressa person by his title, such as “Professor” or “Doctor” (“Doctor” is a lways used, however, for a doctor of medicine). The respectful “sir” is not always used in the northern and western parts of the country.Clothing in America, as in every place in the world, to a certain degree reflects a person’s social position and income, or, at least among the young , his attitudes toward society or toward himself.(36) ________. A bank president may wear overalls to paint his house and is not ashamed of either the job or the clothing, and a common laborer may wear a rented tuxedo at his daughter’s wedding.Y et in spite of all the informality, (37) _______. For example, one is likely to use somewhat more formal language when talking to superiors. While the informal “Hello” is an acceptable greeting from employee to employer, the emp loyee is more apt to say, “Hello, Mr. Ferguson,” whereas the employer may reply, “Hello, Jim.” Southerners make a point of saying “Y es, sir,” or “Y es, ma’am,” or “No, sir,” or “No, ma’am,” when talking to an older person or a person in position of authorit y. (38) _______, “Y es ,Mr. Weston” or “No, Mrs. Baker” is somewhat more浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第10 页（共14 页）common in a similar situation in the North or West.(39) ______. Though people wear hats less now than in the past, women still occasionally wear hats in church and at public social functions (except those that are in the evening).(40) ______. He opens the door for her and lets her precede him through it. He walks on the side of the walk nearest the street. He takes her arm when crossing a street or descending a stairway. A younger person also shows respect for an older one in much the same fashion, by helping the older person in things requiring physical exertion or involving possible accident.(From American Social Relations)A. It was obvious that a mistake in names had been madeB. Likewise, there are fewer social conventions that show social differences in AmericaC. The American is quite ready to admit certain weaknessesD. Americans in general do not like to be considered inferiorE. Y et no person is restricted to a certain uniform or manner of dress because of his occupations or class in societyF. Although this is a good form all over the United StatesG. In America there are still customs by which a man may show respect for a womanH. Although Americans are quite informalI. America is not completely without customs that show consciousness of social distinctionJ. When someone praises an American upon his achievement or upon his personal appearance K. Certain other forms of politeness are observed on social occasionsL. As an illustration of the difference between European and American reflection in this respect IV. Word Formations. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the proper form of the word in the brackets. Write your answers on the Answer sheet.41. (Europe) Most ______tourists are looking for a sunny beach to lie down.42. (permit) Finally, the old woman was given ______ to adopt Pierre as her son.43. (wealth) John Hancock was a ______ man who helped the patriots in the AmericanRevolution.44. (satisfy) The first experiments were not very ______ because the cloth became sticky in hotweather and cracked in cold weather.浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第11 页（共14 页）45. (able) The Great lakes are all connected by canals, ______ ships to go from the Atlant icOcean and the St. Lawrence River to Lake Superior.46. (long) The earth is much cooler than the sun, and the wave _____ of the earth’s radiationsis much longer than that of sunrays.47. (lonely) Space explorers will have to face such great ______ w hen they travel far beyondthe sun.48. (distant) This is done by changing the _______ between the lens and the film inside thecamera.49. (sick) Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of ______ or ways of preventingit.50. (comfort) Mary is very shy. So when she is with strangers she feels _______.V. Gap Filling. (10 points, 1 point for each)Directions: The following passage is taken from the textbook. Fill in the numbered gaps with the correct form of the words or phrases in the box (there are more words than necessary). Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Louis was from a small town (51) ______ Coupvray, near Paris—he was born on January 4 in 1809. Louis became blind (52) ______ accident, when he was 3 years old. Deep in his Dad’s harness workshop, Louis tried to be like his Dad, but it went very wrong; he grabbed an awl, a sharp tool for making holes, and the tool slid and hurt his eye. The wound got infected, and the (53) ____ spread, and soon, Louis was blind in both eyes.All of a sudden, Louis needed a new way to learn. He stayed at his old school for two (54)_____ years, but he couldn’t learn everything just by listening. Things were lo oking up when Louis got a scholarship to the Royal Institution for Blind Y outh in Paris, when he was 10. But even there, most of the teachers just talked at the students. The library had 14 huge books with raised letters that were very hard to read. Louis was (55) ______.Then in 1821, a former soldier named Charles Barbier visited the school. Barbier (56) ______ 浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第12 页（共14 页）his invention called “night writing,” a code of 12 raised dots that let soldiers share top-secret information on the battlefield without (57) ______ having to speak. Unfortunately, the code was too hard for the soldiers, but not for 12-year-old Louis!Louis trimmed Barbier’s 12 dots into 6, ironed out the system by the time he was 15, then published the first-ever braille book in 1829. But did he stop there? No way! In 1837, he added symbols for math and music. But since the public was skeptical, blind students had to study braille on their own. Even at the Royal Institution, where Louis taught after he graduated, braille wasn’t (58) ______ until after his death. Braille began to spread worldwide in 1868, when a group of British men, now (59) ______ as the Royal National Institute for the Blind, took up the cause. Now practically every country in the world uses braille. Braille books have double-sided pages, which (60) ______ a lot of space. Braille signs help blind people get around in public spaces. And, most important, blind people can communicate independently, without needing print.(From Louis Braille) VI. Short Answer Questions. (10 points, 5 points for each)Directions: The following 2 questions are based on Passage Four in this test paper. Read the passage carefully again and answer the questions briefly by referring back to Passage Four. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.61. Acco rding to the passage, what’s the focus of Constance Fenimore Woolson’s imagination?62. According to the passage, what kind of writer is Constance Fenimore Woolson?VII. T ranslation. (10 points, 2 points for each)Directions: The following excerpt is taken from the textbook. Read the paragraph carefully and translate into Chinese each of the numbered and underlined parts. Write your translations on the Answer Sheet.Be very wary of opinions that flatter your self-esteem. Both men and women, nine times out of ten, are firmly convinced of the superior excellence of their own sex. There is abundant evidence on both sides. (63) If you are a man, you can point out that most poets and men of science are male; if you are a women, you can retort that so are most criminals. The question is inherently insoluble, but self-esteem conceals this from most people. (64) We are all, whatever part of world we come from, persuaded that our own nation is superior to all others. (65) Seeing that each nation has its characteristic merits and demerits, we adjust our standard of values so as to make out that the merits possessed by our nation are the really important ones, while its demerits are comparatively trivial. (66) Here, again, the rational man will admit that the question is one to which there is no demonstrably right answer. (67) It is more difficult to deal with the self-esteem浙00595# 英语阅读（一）试卷第13 页（共14 页）。