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2012年最新版 GMAT真题2

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2012年最新版Math Section------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q1:A family-size box of cereal contains more cereal and costs more than the regular-size box of cereal. What is the cost per ounce of the family-size box of cereal?(1) The family-size box of cereal contains 10 ounces more than the regular-size boxof cereal.(2) The family-size box of cereal costs $5.40.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q2:A certain roller coaster has 3 cars, and a passenger is equally likely to ride in any 1 of the3 cars each time that passenger rides the roller coaster. If a certain passenger is to ride the roller coaster 3 times, what is the probability that the passenger will ride in each of the 3 cars?A.0B.1/9C.2/9D.1/3E. 1Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q3:If x and y are positive, is 4x > 3y?(1) x > y - x(2) x/y < 1A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q4:If n is the product of the integers from1 to 20 inclusive, what is the greatest integer k for which 2k is a factor of n?A.10B.12C.15D.18E.20Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q5:Is x > k?(1) 2x • 2k = 4(2) 9x • 3k = 81A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q6:If x and y are positive, what is the value of x – y?(1) (x2 – y2) / (x + y) = 4(2) x + y= 7A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q7:A circular mat with diameter 20 inches is placed on a square tabletop, each of whose sides is 24 inches long. Which of the following is closest to the fraction of the tabletop covered by the mat?A.5/12B.2/5C.1/2D.3/4E.5/6Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q8:In 1997 there were 300 female employees at Company C. If the number of female employees at Company C increased by 60 percent from 1977 to 1987, by what percent did the number of female employees at Company C increase from 1987 to 1997?(1) From 1977 to 1997 the number of female employees increased by 200 percent atCompany C.(2) In 1977 there were 100 female employees at Company C.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q9:A gardener is going to plant 2 red rosebushes and 2 white rosebushes. If the gardener is to select each of the bushes at random, one at a time, and plant them in a row, what is the probability that the 2 rosebushes in the middle of the row will be the red rosebushes?A.1/12B.1/6C.1/5D.1/3E.1/2Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q10:A set of numbers has the property that for any number t in the set, t + 2 is in the set. If –1 is in the set, which of the following must also be in the set?I.-3II. 1III. 5A. I onlyB. II onlyC. I and II onlyD. II and III onlyE. I, II, and IIIAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q11:In a corporation, 50 percent of the male employees and 40 percent of the female employees are at least 35 years old. If 42 percent of all the employees are at least 35 years old, what fraction of the employees in the corporation are females?A.3/5B.2/3C.3/4D.4/5E.5/6Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q12:If n is an integer and 2 < n < 6, what is the value of n?(1) n is a factor of 15.(2) n is a factor of 21.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q13:If x and y are positive, is 3x > 7y?(1) x > y + 4(2) -5x < -14yA. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q14:If 1050– 74 is written as an integer in base 10 notation, what is the sum of the digits in that integer?A.424B.433C.440D.449E.467Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q15:Ann, Carol, and Judy paid a total of $45 for their dinner at a restaurant. If Ann paid 2/5 of the total amount, Carol paid $17, and Judy paid the rest, what fraction of the total amount did Judy pay?A.2/9B.14/45C.1/3D.2/5E.7/15Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q16:If J, S, and V are points on the number line, what is the distance between S and V?(1) The distance between J and S is 20.(2) The distance between J and V is 25.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q17:In Town X, 64 percent of the population are employed, and 48 percent of the population are employed males. What percent of the employed people in Town X are females?A.16%B.25%C.32%D.40%E.52%Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q18:Note: Figure not drawn to scale.The figure shows a square patio surrounded by a walkway of width x meters. If the area of the walkway is 132 square meters and the width of the patio is 5 meters greater than the width of the walkway, what is the area of the patio, in square meters?A.56B.64C.68D.81E.100Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q19:A total of $60,000 was invested for one year. But of this amount earned simple annual interest at the rate of x percent per year, and the rest earned simple annual interest at the rate of y percent per year. If the total interest earned by the $60,000 for that year was $4,080, what is the value of x?(1) x = (3/4) y(2) The ratio of the amount that earned interest at the rate of x percent per year tothe amount that earned interest at the rate of y percent per year was 3 to 2.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q20:If x > 0, then 1/[√(2x)+√x] =A.1/√(3x)B.1/[2√(2x)]C.1/(x√2)D.(√2-1)/√xE.(1+√2)/√xAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q21:When Leo imported a certain item, he made a 7 percent import tax on the portion of the total value of the item in excess of $1,000. If the amount of the import tax that Leo paid was $87.50, what was the total value of the item?A.$1,600B.$1,850C.$2,250D.$2,400E.$2,750Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q22:In the sequence 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, …, each term after the first is twice the previous term. What is the sum of the 16th, 17th, and 18th terms in the sequence?A.218B.3(217)C.7(216)D.3(216)E.7(215)Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q23:In the xy-plane, point (r, s) lies on a circle with center at the origin. What is the value of r2 + s2?(1) The circle has radius 2.(2) The point (√2, -√2) lies on the circle.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q24:If w and c are integers, is w > 0?(1) w + c > 50(2) c > 48A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q25:A photographer will arrange 6 people of 6 different heights for photograph by placing them in two rows of three so that each person in the first row is standing in front of someone in the second row. The heights of the people within each row must increase from left to right, and each person in the second row must be taller than the person standing in front of him or her. How many such arrangements of the 6 people are possible?A. 5B. 6C.9D.24E.36Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q26:Running at their respective constant rates, machine X takes 2 days longer to produce w widgets than machine Y. At these rates, if the two machines together produce 5/4 w widgets in 3 days, how many days would it take machine X alone to produce 2w widgets?A. 4B. 6C.8D.10E.12Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q27:If n = 811– 8, what is the units digit of n?A.0B. 1C. 4D. 6E.8Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q28:For any positive integer n, the sum of the first n positive integers equals [n(n+1)]/2. What is the sum of all the even integers between 99 and 301?A.10,100B.20,200C.22,650D.40,200E.45,150Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q29:June 25, 1982, fell on a Friday. On which day of the week did June 25, 1987, fall? (Note: 1984 was a leap year.)A.SundayB.MondayC.TuesdayD.WednesdayE.ThursdayAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q30:Joanna bought only $0.15 stamps and $0.29 stamps. How many $0.15 stamps did she buy?(1) She bought $4.40 worth of stamps.(2) She bought an equal number of $0.15 stamps and $0.29 stamps.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q31:A positive integer n is said to be ―prime-saturated‖ if the product of all the different positive prime factors of n is less than the square root of n. What is the greatest two-digit prime-saturated integer?A.99B.98C.97D.96E.95Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q32:For a convention, a hotel charges a daily room rate of $120 for 1 person and x dolla rs for each additional person. What is the charge for each additional person?(1) The daily cost per person for 4 people sharing the cost of a room equally is $45.(2) The daily cost per person for 2 people sharing the cost of a room equally is $25more than the corresponding cost for 4 people.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q33:Is xy > x/y?(1) xy > 0(2) y < 0A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q34:The function f is defined by f(x) = - 1/x for all nonzero numbers x. If f(a) = - 1/2 and f(ab) = 1/6, then b =A. 3B.1/3C.- 1/3D.-3E.–12Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q35:What is the median number of employees assigned per project for the projects at Company Z?(1) 25 percent of the projects at Company Z have 4 or more employees assigned toeach project.(2) 35 percent of the projects at Company Z have 2 or fewer employees assigned toeach project.A. Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (2) alone is not sufficient.B. Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but statement (1) alone is not sufficient.C. BOTH statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.D. EACH statement ALONE is sufficient.E. Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are NOT sufficient.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q36:Each signal that a certain ship can make is comprised of 3 different flags hanging vertically in a particular order. How many unique signals can be made by using 4 different flags?A.10B.12C.20D.24E.36Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q37:A jar contains 16 marbles, of which 4 are red, 3 are blue, and the rest are yellow. If 2 marbles are to be selected at random from the jar, one at a time without being replaced, what is the probability that the first marble selected will be red and the second marble selected will be blue?A.3/64B.1/20C.1/16D.1/12E.1/8Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Answers:ECEDC, ACDBD, DBBCA, EBBCD, CEDEA, ECBED, DDEDC, DBVerbal Section------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q1:Neither First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt nor Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins sought recognition by the press, and both cautiously allowed others of the Roosevelt brain trustto take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief, and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible for.A.to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief,and social security that were in large measure what they had been responsible forB.to take credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief,and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsibleC.taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief,and social security for which the two women were in large measure responsibleD.taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief,and social security that were in large measure what they were responsible forE.taking credit for the genesis of historic programs in public employment, relief,and social security which were largely their responsibilityAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q2:Sunflowers growing in pots were placed, with their roots submerged, in the pond contaminated with radioactive elements. The sunflowers kept growing; in the process, they absorbed radioactive elements. Within twelve days, 85 percent of the radioactive elements were removed from the water, which is no less than can be accomplished with the much more expensive conventional filtration techniques. Scientists therefore propose using sunflowers for decontamination wherever there are radioactively contaminated ponds.Which of the following, if true, points to a limitation on the applicability of the proposed method of decontamination?A.Some plants other than sunflowers can also remove radioactive elements fromwater.B.The water in many ponds contaminated with radioactive elements is so cold that itwould kill sunflowers whose roots were submerged in it.C.Sunflowers that grow with their roots submerged in water grow less well thansunflowers growing under optimal conditions on dry land.D.Only species of sunflowers with large leaves can have their roots submerged inwater and still keep growing.E.In ponds in which the circulation of the water is artificially increased, sunflowersabsorb radioactive elements far faster than they do in other ponds.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q3:Not one of the potential investors is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreement is signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal were not to be concluded.A.is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreementis signed that includes a provision for penalties if the deal wereB.is expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until they sign amerger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal wasC.is expected to make an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until a merger agreementbe signed by them with a provision for penalties if the deal wereD.are expected to make an offer for buying First Interstate Bank until it signs amerger agreement with a provision for penalties included if the deal wasE.are expected to be making an offer to buy First Interstate Bank until they sign amerger agreement including a provision for penalties if the deal wereAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q4:On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be the rate that trees grow, as seen in the rings visible in the cross sections of their trunks.A.On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are believed to be therate that trees growB.On Earth, among the surest indications of sunspot cycles are, it is believed, therate of tree growthC.On Earth, the rate at which trees grow is believed to be among the surestindications of sunspot cyclesD.Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles, believed to be the treegrowth rateE.Among the surest indications on Earth of sunspot cycles is believed to be the rateat which trees growAnswer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q5:The total market value of real estate in Altonville has steadily declined over the past four years. This decline has meant that the overall figure on which the city’s property tax is based ─ the assessed value of that real estate ─ has also declined. Moreover, the percentage of assessed value that was paid as property taxes to the city d id not change during this period.The information above most strongly supports which of the following?A.Money collected from property taxes provided most of Altonville’s revenueduring the past four years.B.The percentage of Altonville’s overall revenue th at was collected from propertytaxes did not change over the past four years.C.Altonville officials had proposed raising property tax rates during the past fouryears but never did so because of strong opposition from property owners.D.The total amount of revenue that Altonville has collected from property taxes hasdeclined over the past four years.E.During the past four years, Altonville officials also did not increase tax rates onother sources of revenue such as retail sales or business profits.Answer:------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Q6 to Q9:Scientists generally creditviolent collisions betweentectonic plates, the mobileLine fragments of Earth’s rocky(5)outer shell, with sculptingthe planet’s surface, as, forexample, when what is nowthe Indian subcontinent col-lided with Asia, producing(10) the Himalayan Mountains.However, plate tectonicscannot fully explain certainmassive surface features,such as th e ―superswell‖(15)of southern Africa, a vastplateau over 1,000 milesacross and nearly a milehigh. Geologic evidenceshows that southern African(20)has been slowly rising forthe past 100 million years,yet it has not experienceda tectonic collision fornearly 400 million years.(25)The explanation may be inEarth’s mantle, the layer ofrock underlying the tectonicplates and extending downover 1,800 miles to the outer(30)edge of Earth’s iron core.Since the early twentiethcentury, geophysicists haveunderstood that the mantlechurns and roils like a thick(35)soup. The relative lowdensity of the hottest rockmakes that material buoyant,so it slowly ascends, whilecooler, denser rock sinks(40)until heat escaping the mol-ten core warms it enough tomake it rise again. Whilethis process of convectionwas known to enable the(45)horizontal movement of tec-tonic plates, until recentlygeophysicists were skepticalof its ability to lift or lower theplanet’s surface vertical ly. (50)However, recent technolog-ical advances have allowedgeophysicists to make three-dimensional ―snapshots‖of the mantle by measuring(55)vibrations, or seismic waves,set in motion by earthquakesoriginating in the planet’souter shell and recordingthe time it takes for them to (60)travel from an earthquake’sepicenter to a particularrecording station at thesurface. Because geo-physicists know that seismic (65)waves become sluggish inhot, low-density rock, andspeed up in colder, denserregions, they can now inferthe temperatures and den- (70)sities in a given segment ofthe interior. By compilinga map of seismic velocitiesfrom thousands of earth-quakes across the globe, (75)they can also begin to maptemperatures and densitiesthroughout the mantle. Thesemethods have revealed someunexpectedly immense for- (80)mations in the deepest partsof the mantle; the largestof these is a buoyant massof hot rock directly belowAfrica’s southern tip. Dis- (85)pelling researchers’ initialdoubts, computer modelshave confirmed that thisformation is buoyant enoughto rise slowly within the mantle (90)and strong enough to pushAfrica upward as it rises.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q6:The passage is primarily concerned withA.describing a traditional explanation for the vertical movement of Earth’s surfaceB.discussing recent geophysical research that may explain certain features of Earth’ssurface that were previously difficult to account forbining elements of several theories in order to develop a plausible explanationfor a poorly understood feature of Earth’s surfaceD.providing new evidence in support of a long-standing belief about how certain ofEarth’s massive surface f eatures were createdE.questioning the implications of geophysicists’ recent findings regarding thecomposition and density of Earth’s mantleAnswer:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q7:The passage suggests that geophysicists can now infer the characteristics in a given segment of the mantle by doing which of the following?A.Observing how long it takes for seismic waves to travel from an earthquake’sepicenter to a particular surface location and applying knowledge of how rocktemperature and density affect the velocity of those wavesB.Analyzing the results of studies linking the formation of some of Earth’s surfacefeatures with the violent collisions of tectonic plates and inferring the causes ofthe information of other features from those resultsC.Recording data about earthquakes throughout the world and correlating therelative force and duration of those earthquakes with information about theirgeological environmentparing data about earthquakes that occur in southern Africa’s superswell withdata about other types of seismic events that occur thereing computer models to estimate the length of time it would take for ahypothetical landmass 1,000 miles across to rise one mile verticallyAnswer:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Q8:In line 10, the author mentions the Himalayan Mountains most likely in order toA.highlight certain similarities between the southern African superswell and othermassive feat ures on Earth’s surfaceB.identify a feature of Earth’s surface that predates the origins of the southernAfrican superswellC.provide an example of a feature of Earth’s surface that can explained by platetectonics。

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2012GCT考试英语真题和参考答案

2012GCT考试英语真题和参考答案

2012年GCT考试英语A卷试题和答案已经公布，Bluer[Q122520660]祝愿参加考试的考生考出好成绩，同时希望参加2013年GCT考试的考生认真联系下面真题并对照题后答案。

外语运用能力测试(英语)(50题，每题2分，满分100分)Part One Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are ten incomplete sentences in this pαrt. For each sentence there αre fourchoices marked A，B， C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. I realized I had let myself in something from which there was no turning _____.A. aroundB. backC. awayD. down2. You are to stay at the hotel where rooms _________for you.A. have been bookedB. are bookedC. would be bookedD. were booked3. If you ______to my advice，you wouldn't be in this mess right now.A. listenB. listenedC. had listenedD. would listen4. Those close to him are _________ that he hopes to stay on till the end of his term.A. ensuredB. confirmedC. supposeD. convinced5.Working women haven't left the family role behind: now they are _____to workeven harder to do both.A. expectedB. wishedC. hopedD. desired6. Modem technology has brought ______communication between people far apart.A. competentB. convenientC. consciousD. complete7. Under no_______ are children allowed to tell lies to their parents.A. circumstancesB. situationsC. occasionsD. moments8. We need a more capable leader, _____with a strong will as well as good humor.A. whoB. thatC. oneD. which9. The lectures，_____ the current hot issues，were well received.A. that coveredB. coveredC. coveringD. to cover10. Being an intelligent boy，he ______such a foolish mistake.A. needn't have madeB. can’t have madeC. won't have madeD. wouldn’t have madePart Two Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this part there are three passages and one chart ，each followed by jive questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them，there are four choices marked A，B，C andD. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a singleline through the center.Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another “no"，you might call yourself an optimist.According to researchers at University College London，human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain，they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient at processing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glass as half-full，not half-empty，even if they don't consider themselves to be optimists.The good news is that this brings a health benefit , Having a positive outlook on life reduces anxiety. A study of nearly 100，000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart disease among optimists.But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the study point out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts overestimating their assets' performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary.There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot，lead researcher，said: '''Smoking Kills' messages don't work since people think their chances of cancer are low. There's a very fundamental tendency in the brain."But，as they say，every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world throughrose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health，it's not something that is likely to cause us to lose sleep. Let's just keep our chins up and keep smiling!11. What does “sanguine” (para.2) mean ?A .DepressedB Cheerful C. Lucky D. Emotional12. The study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people______.A. are more optimistic than they believeB. are less optimistic than they believeC. like good news more than they thinkD. like good news less than they think13 .What study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people _____.A. Collecting false informationB. OveremJ1hasizing evidence.C. Misjudging the situation.D. Giving a pessimistic forecast.14. The author suggests in the last paragraph that we______A. adjust our goals in lifeB. learn to release bad moodC. avoid being overoptimisticD. maintain a positive attitude15 .what is the main of the passage ?A. People tend to be optimistic even in crisis.B. Optimists enjoy life better than pessimists.C. Being optimistic has both benefits and risks.D. Optimism is what keeps us going forward.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit. The IOC met at an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britain's Sunday Times newspaper. The paper claims that high-rankingOlympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices. The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the men's 100-meter final. The roc has issued a statement saying it takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate. "IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets overseas，increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized，third-party resellers. Despite this，Sunday Times undercover report posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos. He denies saying he had "pulled strings" with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters' negotiations with Capralos on its website. Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.16 The IOC is investigating its own officials for _______.A. running the black marketB. secretly meeting reportersC. illegally selling ticketsD. criticizing Sunday Times17. The word “allegations “(Para.1)”probably means “_______”A. discussionsB. claimsC. announcementsD. opinions18. Sunday Times revealed _______.A. details about IOC's emergency sessionB. evidence against some IOC officialsC. ticket prices for men's 100-meter finalD. pricing policy of the London Olympics19. Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?A. Selling tickets internationally.B. Raising the prices of the tickets.C. Selling tickets to unofficial resellers.D. Giving tickets to their friends.20 .Faces with the evidence against him , Capralos _____A. blamed other officialsB. admitted the factsC. issued a statementD. gave no responseQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage:Pressed by competition and its own success，the popular search engine Google has created an automated way to search for new employees who are fully appropriate as well ashigh-achieving.In a project，the 100，000 people who fill in online job applications for Google each month will be asked to complete a complicated questionnaire(问卷) exploring their attitudes，behaviour，personality and backgrounds going back to their school days.The questions range from whether applicants have ever set a world record，to whether their workspace is messy or tidy or what magazines they read. Answers are studied by Google's mathematicians to calculate a score meant to predict how well a person will fit into the organization's diversified and competitive culture.Psychometric tests(心理测试) are already used by more traditional companies to select workers，but they are unheard of in a company like Google，which is built on a belief in individual talent. The online questionnaire is based on the answers to 300 questions sent out last summer to every employee at the head office in California's Silicon Valley. Some questions were factual: What programming languages are you familiar with? What internet mailing lists are you on?Other questions，however，tried to establish personality and behavioural characteristics: Have you ever tutored another person?"We wanted to cast a very wide net，" said Laszlo Bock，Google's Vice-President for People Operations."It is not unusual to walk into our office and bump into dogs. Maybe people who own dogs have some personality feature that is useful."21 Google has created a new way of recruiting in order to_____.A. find the most appropriate employeesB. better compete with other companiesC. spread its unique co叩orate cultureD. conduct an online research project22. The information gained from the questionnaire will be _____.A. analyzed in a reportB. summed up in a figureC. organized into a chartD. kept in its raw state23 . What is true about the Google online questionnaire?A. It was based on a survey of its employees.B. It focuses on background questions.C. It was designed by some mathematiciansD. It has been filled out by 100，000 people24. What distinguishes Google online questionnaire?A. Preferring those who own pets.B. Stressing overall personal qualities.C. Asking more complex questions.D. Believing in high-achieving experience.25.By "casting a wide net"(last paragraph)，Laszlo Bock meansA. recruiting a wide range of talentsB. finding candidates with peculiar personalityC. identifying candidates with wide interestsD. picking out as many applicants as possibleQuestions26-30are based on the following chart :Cigarette Smoking by Grade Level: 2005-2009□2005 □2007 ■.2009(说明：2005年为白框，2007年为灰框，2009年是黑框，扫描问题无法显示。

2012年在职硕士GCT英语考试真题及答案

2012年在职硕士GCT英语考试真题及答案

2012年在职硕士GCT英语考试真题及答案(50题，每题2分，满分100分)Part One Vocabulary and StructureDirections:There are ten incomplete sentences in this pαrt. For each sentence there αre fourchoices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1. I realized I had let myself in something from which there was no turning_____.A. aroundB. backC. awayD. down2. You are to stay at the hotel where rooms _________for you.A. have been bookedB. are bookedC. would be bookedD. were booked3. If you ______to my advice，you wouldn't be in this mess right now.A. listenB. listenedC. had listenedD. would listen4. Those close to him are _________ that he hopes to stay on till the end of his term.A. ensuredB. confirmedC. supposeD. convinced5.Working women haven't left the family role behind: now they are _____to workeven harder to do both.A. expectedB. wishedC. hopedD. desired6. Modem technology has brought ______communication between people far apart.A. competentB. convenientC. consciousD. complete7. Under no_______ are children allowed to tell lies to their parents.A. circumstancesB. situationsC. occasionsD. moments8. We need a more capable leader, _____with a strong will as well as good humor.A. whoB. thatC. oneD. which9. The lectures，_____ the current hot issues，were well received.A. that coveredB. coveredC. coveringD. to cover10. Being an intelligent boy，he ______such a foolish mistake.A. needn't have madeB. can’t have madeC. won't have madeD. wouldn’t have madePart Two Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this part there are three passages and one chart ，each followed by jive questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them，there are four choices marked A，B，C andD. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a singleline through the center.Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage:Ever won the lottery? No? But did that stop you buying another lottery ticket? If the answer is another “no"，you might call yourself an optimist.According to researchers at University College London，human beings are sanguine creatures. It is all in the brain，they say. A study suggests that human brain is very efficient at processing good news: about 80% of people have a tendency to see the glass as half-full，not half-empty，even if they don't consider themselves to be optimists.The good news is that this brings a health benefit , Having a positive outlook on life reduces anxiety. A study of nearly 100，000 women showed a lower risk of death from heart disease among optimists.But there are problems in always having an optimistic attitude. The authors of the study point out that the 2008 financial crisis may have been caused by analysts overestimating their assets' performance even in the face of clear evidence to the contrary.There are personal health risks too. Dr Tali Sharot，lead researcher，said: '''Smoking Kills' messages don't work since people think their chances of cancer are low. There's a very fundamental tendency in the brain."But，as they say，every cloud has a silver lining. Even if seeing the world through rose-colored glasses poses a risk to our health，it's not something that is likely to cause us to lose sleep. Let's just keep our chins up and keep smiling!11. What does “sanguine” (para.2) mean ?A .DepressedB Cheerful C. Lucky D. Emotional12. The study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people______.A. are more optimistic than they believeB. are less optimistic than they believeC. like good news more than they thinkD. like good news less than they think13 .What study mentioned in Paragraph 2 indicates that people _____.A. Collecting false informationB. OveremJ1hasizing evidence.C. Misjudging the situation.D. Giving a pessimistic forecast.14. The author suggests in the last paragraph that we______A. adjust our goals in lifeB. learn to release bad moodC. avoid being overoptimisticD. maintain a positive attitude15 .what is the main of the passage ?A. People tend to be optimistic even in crisis.B. Optimists enjoy life better than pessimists.C. Being optimistic has both benefits and risks.D. Optimism is what keeps us going forward.Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage:The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit. The IOC met at an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britain's Sunday Times newspaper. The paper claims that high-ranking Olympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices. The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the men's 100-meter final. The roc has issued a statement saying it takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate. "IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets overseas，increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized，third-party resellers. Despite this，Sunday Times undercover report posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos. He denies saying he had "pulled strings" with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters' negotiations with Capralos on its website. Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.16 The IOC is investigating its own officials for _______.A. running the black marketB. secretly meeting reportersC. illegally selling ticketsD. criticizing Sunday Times17. The word “allegations “(Para.1)”probably means “_______”A. discussionsB. claimsC. announcementsD. opinions18. Sunday Times revealed _______.A. details about IOC's emergency sessionB. evidence against some IOC officialsC. ticket prices for men's 100-meter finalD. pricing policy of the London Olympics19. Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?A. Selling tickets internationally.B. Raising the prices of the tickets.C. Selling tickets to unofficial resellers.D. Giving tickets to their friends.20 .Faces with the evidence against him , Capralos _____A. blamed other officialsB. admitted the factsC. issued a statementD. gave no responseQuestions 21-25 are based on the following passage:Pressed by competition and its own success，the popular search engine Google has created an automated way to search for new employees who are fully appropriate as well as high-achieving.In a project，the 100，000 people who fill in online job applications for Google each month will be asked to complete a complicated questionnaire(问卷) exploring their attitudes，behaviour，personality and backgrounds going back to their school days.The questions range from whether applicants have ever set a world record，to whether their workspace is messy or tidy or what magazines they read. Answers are studied by Google's mathematicians to calculate a score meant to predict how well a person will fit into the organization's diversified and competitive culture.Psychometric tests(心理测试) are already used by more traditional companies to select workers，but they are unheard of in a company like Google，which is built on a belief in individual talent. The online questionnaire is based on the answers to 300 questions sent out last summer to every employee at the head office in California's Silicon Valley. Some questions were factual: What programming languages are you familiar with? What internet mailing lists are you on?Other questions，however，tried to establish personality and behavioural characteristics: Have you ever tutored another person?"We wanted to cast a very wide net，" said Laszlo Bock，Google'sVice-President for People Operations."It is not unusual to walk into our office and bump into dogs. Maybe people who own dogs have some personality feature that is useful."21 Google has created a new way of recruiting in order to_____.A. find the most appropriate employeesB. better compete with other companiesC. spread its unique co叩orate cultureD. conduct an online research project22. The information gained from the questionnaire will be _____.A. analyzed in a reportB. summed up in a figureC. organized into a chartD. kept in its raw state23 . What is true about the Google online questionnaire?A. It was based on a survey of its employees.B. It focuses on background questions.C. It was designed by some mathematiciansD. It has been filled out by 100，000 people24. What distinguishes Google online questionnaire?A. Preferring those who own pets.B. Stressing overall personal qualities.C. Asking more complex questions.D. Believing in high-achieving experience.25.By "casting a wide net"(last paragraph)，Laszlo Bock meansA. recruiting a wide range of talentsB. finding candidates with peculiar personalityC. identifying candidates with wide interestsD. picking out as many applicants as possibleQuestions26-30are based on the following chart :Cigarette Smoking by Grade Level: 2005-2009□2005 □2007 ■.2009(说明：2005年为白框，2007年为灰框，2009年是黑框，扫描问题无法显示。

2012考研英语(二)真题与答案(海天完整版)

2012考研英语(二)真题与答案(海天完整版)

2012考研英语（二）真题及答案（海天完整版）Section 1 Use of EninglishDirections :Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of Americanmilitary adventurism, but that ’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kidtorn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens of battle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazireign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on allof the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .JoeBlow ,Joe Magrac ⋯ a working class name.The United States has 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI .joe had a (11)career fighting German ,Japanese , and Korean troops . He appers as a character ,or a (12 ) of american personalities, in the 1945 movie The Story of GI. Joe, basedon the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle(13)portrayde themselves in the film. Pyle was famous for covering the (14)side of the warl, writing about thedirt-snow –and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were(15)or what towns were captured or liberated, His reports(16)the “willie ”cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men(17)the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18)of civilization that the soldiers shared with eachother and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19)Egypt, France, and a dozenmore countries, G.I. Joe was any American soldier,(20)the most important person in their lives.1.[A] performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed2.[A] actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded4.[A]necessities [B]facilitice [C]commodities [D]propertoes5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence6.[A]for [B]into [C] form [D]against7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming8.[A]handed out [B]turn over [C]brought back [D]passed down9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advancea19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond20.[A]on the contrary [B] by this means [C]from the outset [D]at that pointSection II Resdiong ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. answer the question after each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text 1Homework has never been terribly popular with students and even many parents,but in recent years it has been particularly scorned. School districts across thecountry, most recently Los Angeles Unified, are revising their thinking on hiseducational ritual. Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policywhich mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may nol onger count for more than 10% of a student ’s academic grade.This rule is meant to address the difficulty that students from impoverishedor chaotic homes might have in completing their homework. But the policy is unclear and contradictory. Certainly, no homework should be assigned that students cannotdo without expensive equipment. But if the district is essentially giving a passto students who do not do their homework because of complicated family lives, itis going riskily close to the implication that standards need to be lowered for poor children.District administrators say that homework will still be a pat of schooling:teachers are allowed to assign as much of it as they want. But with homework counting for no more than 10% of their grades, students can easily skip half their homeworkand see vey little difference on their report cards. Some students might do wellon state tests without completing their homework, but what about the students whoperformed well on the tests and did their homework? It is quite possible that thehomework helped. Yet rather than empowering teachers to find what works best fortheir students, the policy imposes a flat, across-the-board rule.At the same time, the policy addresses none of the truly thorny questions about homework. If the district finds homework to be unimportant to its students ’academic achievement, it should move to reduce or eliminate the assignments, not make themcount for almost nothing. Conversely, if homework does nothing to ensure that thehomework students are not assigning more than they are willing to review and correct.The homework rules should be put on hold while the school board, which isresponsible for setting educational policy, looks into the matter and conductspublic hearings. It is not too late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.21.It is implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework_____.[A] is receiving more criticism[B]is no longer an educational ritual[C]is not required for advanced courses[D]is gaining more preferences22.L.A.Unified has made the rule about homework mainly because poor students_____.[A]tend to have moderate expectations for their education[B]have asked for a different educational standard[C]may have problems finishing their homework[D]have voiced their complaints about homework23.According to Paragraph 3,one problem with the policy is that it may____.[A]discourage students from doing homework[B]result in students' indifference to their report cards[C]undermine the authority of state tests[D]restrict teachers' power in education24. As mentioned in Paragraph 4, a key question unanswered about homework is whether______. [A] it should be eliminated[B]it counts much in schooling[C]it places extra burdens on teachers[D]it is important for grades25.A suitable title for this text could be______.[A]Wrong Interpretation of an Educational Policy[B]A Welcomed Policy for Poor Students[C]Thorny Questions about Homework[D]A Faulty Approach to HomeworkText2Pretty in pink: adult women do not rememer being so obsessed with the colour,yet it is pervasive in our young girls ’ lives. Tt is not that pink is intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of the rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in one way, it also repeatedly and firmly fuses gi rls ’ identity to appearance. Then it presents that connection, even among two-year-olds, between girls as not onlyinnocent but as evidence of innocence. Looking around, I despaired at the singular lack of imagination about girls ’l ives and interests.Girl s’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehowencoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, an associate professor of American Studies, it is not. Children were not colour-coded at all until the early 20th century: in the era before domestic washing machines all babies wore white as a practical matter, since theonly way of getting clothes clean was to boil them. What’s more, both boys and girls wore what were thought of as gender-neutral dresses.When nursery colours wereintroduced, pink was actually considered the more masculine colour, a pastel version of red, which was associated with strength. Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin Mary, constancy and faithfulness, symbolised femininity. It was not until themid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children ’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seeminherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least forthe first few critical years.I had not realised how profoundly marketing trends dictated our perception ofwhat is natural to kins, including our core beliefs about their psychologicaldevelopment. Take the toddler. I assumed that phase was something experts developed after years of research into child ren’s behaviour: wrong. Turns out, acdording to Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood consumerism, it was popularised as a marketing trick by clothing manufacrurers in the 1930s.Trade publications counselled department stores that, in order to increase sales, they should create a “third stepping stone ”between infant wear and older kids ’clothes. Tt was only after “toddler ”became a commonshoppers’term that it evolvedinto a broadly accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or adults,intoever-tinier categories has proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one of theeasiest ways to segment a market is to magnify gender differences –or invent them where they did not previously exist.26.By saying "it is...the rainbow"(Line 3, Para.1),the author meanspink______.[A]should not be the sole representation of girlhood[B]should not be associated with girls' innocence[C]cannot explain girls' lack of imagination[D]cannot influence girls' lives and interests27.According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true of colours ？[A]Colours are encoded in girls' DNA.[B]Blue used to be regarded as the colour for girls.[C]Pink used to be a neutral colour in symbolising genders.[D]White is prefered by babies.28.The author suggests that our perception of children's psychologicaldevelopment was much influenced by_____.[A]the marketing of products for children[B]the observation of children's nature[C]researches into children's behavior[D]studies of childhood consumption29.We may learn from Paragraph 4 that department stores were advised to_____.[A]focus on infant wear and older kids' clothes[B]attach equal importance to different genders[C]classify consumers into smaller groups[D]create some common shoppers' terms30.It can be concluded that girls' attraction to pink seems to be____.[A] clearly explained by their inborn tendency[B]fully understood by clothing manufacturers[C] mainly imposed by profit-driven businessmen[D]well interpreted by psychological expertsText 3In 2010.a federal judge shook America's biotech industry to its core. Companies had won patents for isolated DNA for decades-by 2005 some 20% of human genes wereparented. But in March 2010 a judge ruled that genes were unpatentable. Executives were violently agitated. The Biotechnology Industry Organisation (BIO) ， a trade group ，assured membersthat this was just a “preliminary step ” in a longer battle.On J uly 29th they were relieved ， at least temporarily. A federal appeals court overturned the prior decision ，ruling that Myriad Genetics could indeed holb patents to two genss that help forecast a woman's risk of breast cancer. The chief executiveof Myriad ， a company in Utah，said the ruling was a blessing to firms and patients alike.But as companies continue their attempts at personalised medicine ， the courts will remain rather busy. The Myriad case itself is probably not over Critics makethree main arguments against gene patents ： a gene is a product of nature ， so it may not be patented ； gene patents suppress innovation rather than reward it ； and patents' monopolies restrict access to genetic tests such as Myriad's. A growingnumber seem to st year a federal task-force urged reform for patents relatedto genetic tests. In October the Department of Justice filed a brief in the Myriadcase，arguing that an isolated DNA molecule “is no less a product of nature...than are cotton fibres that have been separated from cotton seeds. ”Despite the appeals court's decision ，big questions remain unanswered. For example，it is unclear whether the sequencing of a whole genomeviolates the patentsof indivi dual genes within it. The case may yet reach the Supreme Court.AS the industry advances ,however,other suits may have an even greaterpanies are unlikely to file manymore patents for humanDNAmolecules-mostare already patented or in the public domain .firms are now studying how genesintcract,looking for correlations that might be used to determine the causes ofdisease or predict a drug ’s effi cacy,companies are eager to win patents for‘connecting the dits ’,expaainshanssauer,alawyer for the BIO.Their success may be determined by a suit related to this issue, brought by the Mayo Clinic, which the Supreme Court will hear in its next term. The BIO rtcentlyheld a convention which included seddions to coach lawyers on the shifting landscape for patents. Each meeting was packed.31.itcanbe learned from paragraph I that the biotech companies would like-----A.their executives to be activeB.judges to rule out gene patentingC.genes to be patcntablcD.the BIO to issue a warning32.those who are against gene patents believe that----A.genetic tests are not reliableB.only man-made products are patentableC.patents on genes depend much on innovatiaonD.courts should restrict access to gene tic tests33.according to hanssauer ,companies are eager to win patents for----A.establishing disease comelationsB.discovering gene interactionsC.drawing pictures of genesD.identifying human DNA34．By saying “each meeting was packed ”(line4,para6)the author means that-----A.thesupreme court was authoritativeB.the BIO was a powerful organizationC.gene patenting was a great concernwyers were keen to attend conventiongs35.generally speaking ,the author ’s attit ude toward gene patenting is----A.criticalB.supportiveC.scornfulD.objectiveText 4The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning. Before it ends,it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of youngadults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics,our culture, and thecharacter of our society for years.No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this nationaleconomic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, hadimproved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects,perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessaryend to an era of reckless personal spending.But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedmanargues that both inside and outside the U.S. ,lengthy periods of economic stagnationor decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive,and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms.Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races andclasses.Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk inthis one,. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides,and decrease opportunities to cross them--- especially for young people. Theresearch of Till Von Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests thatnot all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden winthin American society. More difficult, in the moment ,is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society ’s character. In many respects,the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this resession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shownmixed results. Wewill have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.36.By saying “to find silver linings ”（Line 1,Para.2 ）the author suggest that the jobless try to___.[A]seek subsidies from the govemment[B]explore reasons for the unermployment[C]make profits from the troubled economy[D]look on the bright side of the recession37.According to Paragraph 2,the recession has made people_____.[A]realize the national dream[B]struggle against each other[C]challenge their lifestyle[D]reconsider their lifestyle38.Benjamin Friedman believe that economic recessions may_____.[A]impose a heavier burden on immigrants[B]bring out more evils of human nature[C]Promote the advance of rights and freedoms[D]ease conflicts between races and classes39.The research of Till Von Wachther suggests that in recession graduates from elite universities tend to _____.[A]lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities[B]catch up quickly with experienced employees[C]see their life chances as dimmed as the others ’[D]recover more quickly than the others40.The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is____.[A]certain[B]positive[C]trivial[D]destructivePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by finding information fromthe left column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the rightcolumn. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEERT 1.(10 points)“Universal history, the history of what man has accomplished in this world,is at botto m t he History of the Great Men w ho have worked here, ” wrote the Victoriansage Thomas Carlyle. Well, not any more it is not.Suddenly, Britain looks to have fallen out with its favourite historical form. This could be no more than a passing literary craze, but it also points to a broader truth about how we now approach the past: less concerned with learning fromforefathers and more interested in feeling their pain. Today, we want empathy, not inspiration.From the earliest days of the Renaissance, the writing of history meantrecounting the exemplary lives of great men. In 1337, Petrarch began work on hisrambling writing De VirisIllustribus –On F amous Men, highlighting the virtus (or virtue) of classical heroes. Petrarch celebrated their greatness in conqueringfortune and rising to the top. This was the biographical tradition whichNiccoloMachiavelli turned on its head. In The Prince, the championed cunning,ruthlessness, and boldness, rather than virtue, mercy and justice, as the skillsof successful leaders.Over time, the attributes of greatness shifted. The Romantics commemorated the leading painters and authors of their day, stressing the uniqueness of the artist'spersonal experience rather than public glory. By contrast, the Victorian authorSamual Smiles wrote Self-Help as a catalogue of the worthy lives of engineers ,industrialists and explores . "The valuable examples which they furnish of the powerof self-help, if patient purpose, resolute working and steadfast integrity, issuingin the formulation of truly noble and many character, exhibit,"wroteSmiles."whatit is in the power of each to accomplish for himself"His biographies of James Walt, Richard Arkwright and Josiah Wedgwood were held up as beacons to guide the workingman through his difficult life.This was all a bit bourgeois for Thomas Carlyle, who focused his biographieson the truly heroic lives of Martin Luther, Oliver Cromwell and Napoleon Bonaparte.These epochal figures represented lives hard to imitate, but to be acknowledged as possessing higher authority than mere mortals.Communist Manifesto. For them, history did nothing, it possessed no immensewealth nor waged battles: “It is man, real, living man who does all that. ”Andhistory should be the story of the masses and their record of struggle. As such,it needed to appreciate the economic realities, the social contexts and powerrelations in which each epoch stood. For: “Men make their own history, but they donot make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen bythemselves, but under circumstances directly found, given and transmitted from thepast. ”This was the tradition which revolutionized our appreciation of the past. Inplace of Thomas Carlyle, Britain nurtured Christopher Hill, EP Thompson and EricHobsbawm. History from below stood alongside biographies of great men. Whole newrealms of understanding —from gender to race to cultural studies —were openedup as scholars unpicked the multiplicity of lost societies. And it transformed publichistory too: downstairs became just as fascinating as upstairs.[A] emphasized the virtue of classicalheroes.41. Petrarch [B] highlighted the public glory of theleading artists.42. NiccoloMachiavellli [C] focused on epochal figures whoselives were hard to imitate.43. Samuel Smiles [D] opened up new realms ofunderstanding the great men in history.44. Thomas Carlyle [E] held that history should be the storyof the masses and their record of struggle.45. Marx and Engels [F] dismissed virtue as unnecessary forsuccessful leaders.[G] depicted the worthy lives ofengineer industrialists and explorers.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translationon ANSWER SHEET2.(15 points)When people in developing countries worry about migration,they are usuallyconcerned at the prospect of ther best and brightest departure to Silicon Valleyor to hospitals and universities in the developed world ,These are the kind of workersthat countries like Britian ,Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigrationrules that privilege college graduates .Lots of studies have found that well-educated people from developing countriesare particularly likely to emigrate .A big survey of Indian households in 2004 foundthat nearly 40%of emigrants had more than a high-school education,compared witharound 3.3%of all Indians over the age of 25.This "brain drain "has long botheredpolicymakers in poor countries ,They fear that it hurts their economies ,deprivingthem of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at theiruniversities ,worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products fortheir factories to make .Section IV WritingPart A47.DirectionsSuppose you have found something wrong with the electronic dictionary that youbought from an onlin store the other day ,Write an email to the customer servicecenter to1)make a complaint and2)demand a prompt solutionYou should write about 100words on ANSERE SHEET 2Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter ,Use "zhangwei "instead .48、write an essay based on the following table .In your writing you should1)describe the table ,and2)give your commentsYou should write at least 150 words(15points)某公司员工工作满意度调查年龄-------满意满意不清楚不满意度小于等于40 岁16.7% 50.0% 33．3%41-50 岁0.0% 36.0% 64.0%大于50 岁40.0 50.0% 10.0%2012 考研英语二海天考研完整参考答案完形填空：1.B2.B3.A4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.D 10.B11.D 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.B16.A 17.C 18.B 19.B 20.DTEXT1：21. A 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.DTEXT2：26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.CTEXT3：31.C 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.DTEXT4：36.D 37.D 38.B 39.D 40.A新题型：41-45 ：AFGCE小作文范文：Dear Sir or Madame,As one of the regular customers of your online store, I am writing this letterto express my complaint against the flaws in your product —an electronic dictionary I bought in your shop the other day.The dictionary is supposed to be a favorable tool for my study. Unfortunately, I found that there are several problems. To begin with, when I opened it, I detected that the appearance of it had been scratched. Secondly, I did not find the batterypromised in the advertisement posted on the homepage of your shop, which makes mefeel that you have not kept your promise. What is worse, some of the keys on thekeyboard do not work.I strongly request that a satisfactory explanation be given and effectivemeasures should be taken to improve your service and the quality of your products. You can either send a new one to me or refund me my money in full.I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.Sincerely yours,Zhang Wei。

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考研英语二真题

2012年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考研英语二真题

2012 年考研英语二真题（完整版）Section 1 Use of Eninglish Directions :Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy ,the symbol of American military adventurism, but that’s not how it used to be .To the men and women who 1 )in World War II and the people they liberated ,the GI.was the 2) man grown into hero ,the pool farm kid torn away from his home ,the guy who 3) all the burdens ofbattle ,who slept in cold foxholes,who went without the 4) of food and shelter ,who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder .this was not a volunteer soldier ,not someone well paid ,5) an average guy ,up 6 )the best trained ,best equipped ,fiercest ,most brutal enemies seen in centuries。

His name is not much.GI. is just a military abbreviation 7) Government Issue ,and it was on all of the article 8) to soldiers .And Joe? A common name for a guy who never 9) it to the top .Joe Blow ,Joe Magrac …a working class name.The United States ha s 10) had a president or vicepresident or secretary ofstate Joe。