应用匹配矩阵_因子分析和聚类分析法研究冠心病痰瘀证候特征_李林

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[基金项目] 国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.90209001,30171128);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(N o.2003CB517105)Co rr esponde nce to :Pr of.Jian -N an SO N G.E -mail :sjn2003@sina.co m应用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法研究冠心病痰瘀证候特征李 林1,李晓冬2,宋剑南3,房祥忠2,苗 阳4,林 谦5(1.美国埃默里大学生物统计学部,美国亚特兰大30322;2.北京大学数学学院概率统计系,北京100871;3.中国中医科学院基础理论研究所生化室,北京100700;4.中国中医科学院西苑医院心内科,北京100091;5.北京中医药大学东方医院心内科,北京100078)[摘要] 目的:研究冠心病痰瘀证候与临床四诊信息的相互关系,为其分类及规范化诊断提供参考。

方法:采用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法,对200例冠心病患者痰证、瘀证、痰瘀互阻证及非痰非瘀证46项临床症状进行相关性分析。

结果:冠心病不同痰瘀证候舌、脉象与非痰非瘀证之间存在明显差异;中医病机脏腑定位于心和肾,以心气虚为主,兼肾气虚,痰证患者尚多伴脾气虚;在46项临床症状中,仅15项症状在痰证、瘀证和痰瘀互阻证中相伴出现频率较高。

除共有的本虚证外,痰证的主要临床症状为白腻苔和滑脉,尚见胸脘痞满和腹胀等;瘀证则以紫舌、舌生瘀斑为主,尚见痛有定处;痰瘀互阻证则兼上述两种证候的主要症状。

结论:综合应用匹配矩阵、因子分析和聚类分析法,可以获得有关冠心病不同痰瘀证候主要临床特征及脏腑定位的信息,对冠心病不同痰瘀证候辨证及其分类研究具有一定的意义。

[关键词] 因子分析;聚类分析;匹配矩阵;冠心病;痰瘀证候;辨证[中图分类号] R2-03 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-1977(2006)04-0343-05Applying matching matrix ,factor analysis and clustering analysis to investigation of characteristics of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in patients with coronary heart diseaseLin LI 1,Xiao -Don g LI 2,Jian -N an SONG 3,Xiang -Zhong F AN G 2,Yan g MIAO 4,Qian LIN5(1.Department of Bio sta tistics ,Emo ry U nive rsity ,A tlanta ,G A 30322,USA ;2.Academy of M athematic Science ,Beijing U niver sity ,Beijing 100871,China ;3.Department of Bio chemist ry ,Institute of Ba sic T heo ry ,China Academy o f Chinese M edical Sciences ,Beijing 100700,China ;4.Department of Cardio lo gy ,Xiy uan Ho spital ,China Academy o f Chinese M edical Scie nces ,Beijing 100091,China ;5.Depa rtment of Cardiolog y ,Dongfa ng Ho spital ,Beijing U niver sity o f T r aditional Chinese M edicine ,Beijing 100078,China )ABSTRAC T Objective :To investigate the characteristics of syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis in pa -tients with coronary heart disease by multiple statistical methods of matching matrix ,factor analysis an d clus -tering analysis ,and to provide some references for classification and normalization of diagn osis of syndromes of phle gm and blood stasis of coronary heart disease.Methods :The correlations am on g 46kinds of symptoms in syndrom e of non -phlegm and non -blood stasis ,syndrome of blood stasis ,syndrome of phlegm and syn -drome of phlegm -blood stasis blocking in 200patients with coronary heart disease were analyzed by matching m atrix ,factor analysis and clusterin g an alysis.Results :The manifestations of ton gue an d pulse in syndromes of phlegm an d blood stasis were si g nificantly different from those in syndrome of non -phlegm and non -bloodstasis.The pathogenesis of viscera in syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis lied in the heart and kidney ,andthe syndrom e of deficiency of heart qi was the most common one while the syndrome of deficiency of kidney qi took the secondary place.The syndrom e of phlegm was often accompanied by syndrome of deficiency of spleen qi.Only15ones of46clinical symptoms showed high frequency in concomitant appearance in syn-drome of blood stasis,syndrome of phlegm and syndrome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking.Apart from having the comm on symptom s in syndrome of deficiency in origin,the syn drome of phle gm especially showed white and greasy fur an d slippery pulse as well as distention and fullness of chest and abdominal distension;the syn-drome of blood stasis showed purplish tongue and ecchymosis on tongue as well as fixed pain;an d the syn-drome of phlegm-blood stasis blocking showed the main symptom s of both syndrom e of phlegm and syndrom e of blood stasis.Conclusion:The statistical methods of matchin g matrix,factor analysis an d clusterin g analy-sis are convenient,and can definitely indicate the clinical characteristics and syndrome differentiation of vis-cera of different syndromes of phlegm an d blood stasis,which are beneficial to further research of diagnosis and differentiation of such syndrom es of coron ary heart disease.KEY WORDS factor analysis;clustering analysis;matching matrix;coronary heart disease;syndromes of phlegm and blood stasis;syndrome differentiationZhon g Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao/J Chin Integr Med,2006,4(4):343-347 证候是对通过四诊(即望、闻、问、切)手段获取的机体在某一时空条件下对各种内外因素(包括机体生理功能及生物、化学、环境、精神、气候等各种致病因子)产生反应而呈现出的生理、病理状态信息进行综合判断的结果表述。

因此,临床四诊信息是判定证候类型的重要依据,不同证候的临床表现呈现多样化和复杂性。

在本研究中,我们采用匹配矩阵、因子分析、聚类分析等数学方法对冠心病痰瘀证候与症状之间的关系进行研究和分析,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法1.1 一般资料 选择在北京西苑医院和北京东方医院就诊的心肌梗死患者以及经冠状动脉造影或介入治疗诊断为冠心病的患者共200例,其中男105例,女95例;平均年龄(63.6±5.8)岁;分为痰证(20例)、瘀证(79例)、痰瘀互阻证(82例)和非痰非瘀证(19例)4种证候类型[1]。

上述患者均符合1999年美国心脏病协会公布的冠心病分型和诊断标准[2]。