高三英语寒假作业专题05高频词汇、短语、句型及经典范文(五)(背)

（寒假总动员）2020年高三英语寒假作业专题05 高频词汇、短语、句型及经典范文（五）（背）I.高考英语必背高频词汇wish1.wish+that (that通常省略；that从句内使用虚拟式过去时或过去完成时) (1) I wish I could fly. (2)I wish I were as rich as he.(3) He wished he had been at home when she came to see him.(4) I wish I had tried more things at college.2.wish+to do I wish to go to Hawaii someday.3.wish+n+to do What do you wish me to do?4.wish+n+adj/adv I wish everything ready. I wish him out of difficulty.5.wish+名（人）+名=wish+名+to名（人） We wish you good luck.= We wish good luck to you.6.How I wish…若是……该多好（表示不符合事实或对不太可能实现的事情之强烈愿望。

）How I wish I could buy a house like that.watch1.watch+n. I watch television every evening.2.watch+n.+do/doing I watched her go (going) out of the room.3.watch+wh-clause Watch what I do, and learn it.II.高考英语必背短语add(1)If you add 5 to 5,you get 10.把…加到…上面Five added to five is/makes 10.5 and 5 makes/make 10.(2)This will add to trouble．增加(3)His whole school education added up to no more than one year．加起来总共Add up the numbers，and you will get 1 155．agreesb. agree with + sb. / sb.’s opinion / what …同意某人意见sth. agree with sb. 适合sth. agree with sth. 相一致，相符，和谐I don’t agree with yon／what you said／your a dvice．同意T he climate here doesn’t agree with me．食物、天气等适合某人Your story agrees with what I have already hear d．和……一致III.高考英语必背写作经典句子1．With a camera in hand, Mrs Smith took pictures of almost everything and she was too excited to stop for a while.2．It is a really good measure that our school has invited a foreign teacher, who is from England, to teach us English to improve our learning interest. 3．I hope that our school should make an investigation as soon as possible and take effective measures to solve this problem.4．We should plant trees in our spare time, so that we can be in harmony with nature.5．If all of us make small changes, we could make a big difference.IV.高考英语必背经典范文I'm_Li_Jin,_monitor_of_Class_One,_Grade_Eleven. I'm very delighted to learn that you're coming to our class to study with us next term. I, on behalf of the whole class, welcome to China warmly.It is a great honour for me to te ll you some information relevant to the local life. First, our traditional foods are steam­bread and r ice. I hope you can get used to them soon. In addition, the climate here is very similar to that in the USA, so there is no need for you to worry about it.Now I'll introduce our class to you. Our class is made up of 52 students, all of whom are hard­working and f riendly. There is no doubt that you can get along well with them. Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends. Last of all, I would appreciate it if you can do something, such as helping us practise our spoken English, and introducing something a bout American culture, to promote the understanding and friendship between the students of the two countries.Looking forward to seeing you.（2020天津卷）。

《2024年高考英语新课标卷真题深度解析与考后提升》专题05阅读理解D篇（新课标I卷）原卷版(专家评价+全文翻译+三年真题+词汇变式+满分策略+话题变式)目录一、原题呈现P2二、答案解析P3三、专家评价P3四、全文翻译P3五、词汇变式P4(一)考纲词汇词形转换P4(二)考纲词汇识词知意P4(三)高频短语积少成多P5(四)阅读理解单句填空变式P5(五)长难句分析P6六、三年真题P7(一)2023年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P7(二)2022年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P8(三)2021年新课标I卷阅读理解D篇P9七、满分策略（阅读理解说明文）P10八、阅读理解变式P12 变式一：生物多样性研究、发现、进展6篇P12变式二：阅读理解D篇35题变式（科普研究建议类）6篇P20一原题呈现阅读理解D篇关键词: 说明文;人与社会;社会科学研究方法研究;生物多样性; 科学探究精神;科学素养In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observation s of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity?“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places – and even species – that are not w ell-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”32. What do we know about the records of species collected now?A. They are becoming outdated.B. They are mostly in electronic form.C. They are limited in number.D. They are used for public exhibition.33. What does Daru’s study focus on?A. Threatened species.B. Physical specimens.C. Observational data.D. Mobile applications.34. What has led to the biases according to the study?A. Mistakes in data analysis.B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.C. Improper way of sampling.D. Unreliable data collection devices.35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps?A. Review data from certain areas.B. Hire experts to check the records.C. Confirm the identity of the users.D. Give guidance to citizen scientists.二答案解析三专家评价考查关键能力，促进思维品质发展2024年高考英语全国卷继续加强内容和形式创新，优化试题设问角度和方式，增强试题的开放性和灵活性，引导学生进行独立思考和判断，培养逻辑思维能力、批判思维能力和创新思维能力。

助力新高考英语之快速突破读后续写专题05 用平凡的句型表达不平凡的效果距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

一、学会熟练使用定语从句，使人物外貌、性格表达信息更丰富。

典例①He is a man with great determination.他是一个意志坚强的人。

（with介词定语作定语）②His perseverance is occasionally unimaginable. 有些时候他的毅力是你没法想象的。

③He is a man with great determination, of whom the perseverance is occasionally unimaginable./ He is a man with great determination, whose perseverance is occasionally unimaginable.他是一个意志坚强的人,有些时候他的毅力是你没法想象的。

考点05介词和介词短语高考频度：★★★★★【命题解读】介词在英语中比拟活跃，然而在高考中直接考查介词的题不是很多，但是介词却是考生最容易犯错误的语法项目之一。

【命题预测】预计2018年高考对介词的考查将不再局限于单个介词，将会更加注重对介词固定搭配中的介词的考查，精细化考查介词短语的辨析。

在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的根本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。

【复习建议】1. 掌握介词的常见用法与易混介词的辨析；2. 掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语；3. 掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况。

介词的分类分类特点例词简单介词即一个介词about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on 等等。

合成介词由两个介词构成合成词into, onto, throughout, upon, within短语介词由短语构成according to, because of, instead of, upto, due to, owing to, thanks to等等。

双重介词由两个介词搭配而成from among, from behind, from under, tillafter, in between等等。

分词介词由现在分词转化而来considering(就……而论), including，考向①介词短语的功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。

考向②常考介词的辨析介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。

但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容。

1.表示一样或相似概念的介词〔短语〕的区别on sale出售 on loan借贷on the march在行军 on trial在试用on the air在广播 on fire在燃烧on the move 在移动，搬迁，离开on show/display/ exhibition在展出under+名词under control在控制之中 under discussion在讨论underdevelopment在开展中 under observation在观察中under test在被测试 under construction在建设中under fire在炮火中under examination在检查/调查中under consideration在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest被逮捕 under attack受到袭击under medical treatment在治疗中 under study在研究中其他again st one’s opinion反对某人的见解for one’s opinion同意某人的见解above reproach无可指责，无可非议above suspicion不受怀疑above criticism无可指责at the mercy of在……支配下；任由……摆布for sale供出售 for rent供出租 within sight 看得见1.〔2017··单项填空〕Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishingindustry.A. atB. inC. onD. by【答案】B2.〔2017·江苏·单项填空〕Determining where we are ____________ our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.A. in contrast toB. in defense ofC. in face ofD. in relation to【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语。