(完整版)英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表

新目标英语初中不规则动词过去式和过去分词表

* am was been 是

* are were been 是

awake awoke awoke 唤醒

bear bore born 忍受

beat beat beaten 打，敲打

become became become 成为，变成

* begin began begun 开始

bet bet bet 打赌

blow blew blown 吹

break broke broken 打坏，打破

* bring brought brought 带来

* build built built 建筑，建设

burn burnt burnt 燃烧

* buy bought bought 买

catch caught caught 揪住，抓住

* can could 能，会

choose chose chosen 选择

* come came came 来

cost cost cost 花费

cut cut cut 砍，切

* do did done 做

* does did done 做

dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt 做梦

* drink drank drunk 喝

drive drove driven 驾驶，开车

* eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下，跌倒

feed fed fed 喂养

feel felt felt 感觉

fight fought fought 打架

* find found found 发现，找到

fly flew flown 飞行

forget forgot forgotten/forgot 忘记 freeze froze frozen 结冰

* get got got/gotten 得到

* give gave given 给予

* go went gone 走，去

grow grew grown 成长，种植

hang hung/hanged hung/hanged 吊，悬挂

* have had had 有

* has had had 有

hear heard heard 听见

hit hit hit 打，击

hold held held 举办，容纳

hurt hurt hurt 伤害

keep kept kept 保持，喂养

* know knew known 知道，了解

lay laid laid 下蛋，平躺

* learn learnt/learnt learnt 学习

* leave left left 离开，留下

lend lent lent 借给

* let let let 让

* lie lay lain 躺下

* lose lost lost 丢失

* make made made 制造，制作

mean meant meant 意思是，意味着

* meet met met 遇见

* may might 可以

mistake mistook mistaken 犯错

must must 必须

pay paid paid 付钱，赔偿

* put put put 挂

* read read read 读

ride rode ridden 骑，乘

ring rang rung (钟/铃)响，鸣

rise rose risen 升起

* run ran run 跑

* say said said 说 * see saw seen 看见

* sell sold sold 卖

* send sent sent 寄，送;派

set set set 安装

shake shook shaken 摇动，摆动

shall should 将

shine shone/shined shone/shined 照耀

* show showed shown/showed 显示

shut shut shut 关

sing sang sung 唱

sink sank sunk 下沉

* sit sat sat 坐

* sleep slept slept 睡

smell smelt smelt 嗅

* speak spoke spoken 说

spell spelt spelt 拼读，拼写

* spend spent spent 花费，度过

spill spilt split 溅，洒

spit spat spat 吐痰

spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋

* stand stood stood 站

steal stole stolen 偷

sweep swept swept 打扫

* swim swam swum 游泳

* take took took 带去，花费，乘

* teach taught taught 教

* tell told told 告诉

* think thought thought 想，思考

throw threw thrown 扔，投，掷

understand understood understood 明白

wake woke/waked woken/waked 醒

* wear wore worn 穿戴

win won won 获胜

* write wrote written 写

* will would 将，愿 I. 一般过去时的概念

① 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year(week, Monday…), … ago, yesterday, a moment ago, just now, in19..等。

例如：

She was in a teacher two years ago. 她两年前是个教师。

I saw him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上看见他了。

② 也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和often, always等频率副词连用。

例如：

He always asked questions when he was young. 当他年轻时他总爱问问题。

③ 当表示动作时，谓语动词使用过去式（一般加ed或见不规则动词表）；当表示状态时，谓语动词用 was, were。

II. 一般过去时的构成

(1) 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

① 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。 如：look-looked， watch-watched。

② 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，加-d。 如：live-lived， like-liked。

③ 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。

如：stop-stopped， shop-shopped。

④ 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。

如：study-studied， carry-carried。

(2) 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。

如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。

III. 一般过去时的几种句型

肯定句结构为：

① 主语+was / were +其它。

如：They were in Shanghai in 2000. 2000年的时候他们在上海。

② 主语+动词的过去式+其它。

如：He went to the book store yesterday. 他昨天去书店了。

否定句结构为：

① 主语+was / were not (wasn’t / weren’t) +其它。

如：My father was not at home last Sunday. 上个星期天我爸爸不在家。

② 主语+did not (didn't)+动词原形+其它。

如：She didn't come to school this morning. 她今天没来学校。

一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答为：

① Was / Were +主语+其它?

如：Was it cold last winter? Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 去年冬天冷吗？

② Did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

如：Did you go to Beijing last week? Yes, we did. (No, we didn't.) 去年你们去北京吗？

特殊疑问句的构成为：

疑问词＋did+主语＋动词原形＋其它？

如：What did you do last night? I did my homework.

Ⅳ. 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元，浊[d]，t, d 之后读[id]。

① 清辅音[p] [k] [f] [s] [ ] [t ]等后，ed要读[t]。 如： worked，finished。

② 元音或浊辅音[b] [g] [v] [z] [m]等后，ed要读[d]。 如：lived，called。

③ t 或 d 后，ed读[id]。 如：started，needed。