2019年自考《美国文学选读》试题及答案
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2019年自考《美国文学选读》试题及答案
1、The Colonial Period (1607-1765)
American Puritanism ( in the early 17th century through the end of the
18th)
北美第一位女诗人Anne Bradstreet(宗教气息，夫妻恩爱)
Edward Taylor 都受英国玄学派影响(metaphysical)
2、The Enlightenment and Revolution Period
Benjamin Franklin:Poor Richard's Almanac The Autobiography---“美国梦”的根源
3、American Romanticism（end of 18 th to the civil war )
American writers emphasis upon the imaginative and emotional qualities
of literature.
早期浪漫主义Washington Irving father of American Literature 短篇小说
James Fenimore Cooper 历史，冒险，边疆小说《The Leather-stocking
Tales>文明发展对大自然的摧残与破坏
William Cullen Bryant 美国第一个浪漫主义诗人《To a Waterfowl>美国山水，讴歌大自然，歌颂美国生活现实
Edgar Allan Poe ---(48 poems,70 short stories)
He greatly influenced the devotees of “Art for art’s sake.”
He was father of psychoanalytic criticism , and the detective story.
Ralph Waldo Emerson---The chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism
American Transcendentalism (also known as “ American Renaissance” )
It is the high tide of American romanticism Transcendentalists spoke for
the cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American society.
《Nature》---the Bible of Transcendentalism by Emerson 《Self-Reliance》表达他的超验主义观点
Henry David Thoreau------ Walden
he regarded nature as a symbol of spirit.Thoreau was very critical of
modern civilization.
小说家：Hawthorne-赞成超验He is a master of symbolism The Scarlet
Letter《红字》
Melville 怀疑，悲观，sailing experiences Moby Dick百科全书式性质/海洋作品/动物史诗
诗人Longfellow《 I Shot an Arrow...》《A Psalm of Life》第一首被完整地介绍到中国的美国诗歌
Whitman (Free Verse---without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme )
《Leaves of Grass》《 One's Self I Sing》《O Captain! My Captain!》song
Dickinson inner life of the individual ---died for beauty
4、 The Age of Realism
James upper reaches of American society.
world of man
Howells, concerned himself chiefly with middle class life. Twain the lower strata of society. humor and local colorism
American Naturalism 自然主义(新型现实)
Stephen Crane;《Maggie: A Girl of the Streets》《The Red Badge of
Courage》pessimistic
Theodore Dreiser;Sister Carrie;Jennie Gerhardt;An American
Tragedy(Trilogy of Desire)
O.Henry (William Sydney Porter)：The Gift of the Magi;The Cop and the
anthem
Jack London：The Call of the Wild;Martin Eden
5、 The Modern Period The 1920s-1930s ( the second renaissance of
American literature)
The Roaring Twenties ，The Jazz Age ，“lost”(Gertrude Stein) and
“waste land”(T.S.Eliot)
现代主义小说家
F. Scott Fitzgerald：《The Great Gatsby》 被视为美国文学“爵士时代”的象征，以美国梦American Dream为主线。
Hemingway迷惘一代Iceberg Principle (Theory):The dignity of
movement of the iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above
water.
《The Sun Also Rises 1926》《The Old Man and the Sea 》
William Faulkner ：Yoknapatawpha Country---以故乡为原型虚构南方贵族家庭的没落
The Sound and the Fury 取自莎士比亚的《麦克白》
Anderson ：《Winesburg, Ohio 》，又称“小镇畸人”
现代主义诗人：Two characteristic strains：introspection自省&social
criticism
Imagism 意象派
Pound：《In a Station of the Metro》《Cantos》
Stevens：《Anecdote of the Jar》〈The Man with the Blue Guitar>
Williams:
T.S.Eliot::
浪漫派：Frost：《The Road Not Taken》《Stopping by Woods on a Snowy
Evening 》
Hughes：---Poet Laureate of Harlem，Harlem Renaissance 开创黑人文学
Dreams 《梦想》 Border Line 《分界线》
6、当代，后现代时期 The Post-War Period (The Beat Generation ，Black
Humor，寻找自我)
Ellison(黑人)： Invisible Man 《看不见的人》---“寻找自我”主题的代表作
Allen Ginsberg(Jewish)：《Howl》—跨掉的一代代表作
Multiple choice;
1._________ works are marked by a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.
A.Emerson’s B. Hawthorne’s C. Thoreau’s D. Allan Poe’s
2. Irving’s “Rip Van Winkle” got ideas from _______ legends.
A.B ritish B. German C. Italian D. French
3. “Rip Van Winkle” reveals the theme of ______ the past.
A. nostalgia for B. rejectionn to C. detachment from D. dislike for
4. In Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter , “A” may stand for
____________.
A. Angel B. Adultery C. Able D.all the above
4. According to Hawthorne, the scarlet letter “A” which originally stood
for “____” finally obtained the meaning of “able” or “angel”
through Hester’s efforts.
A. adultery B. arrogance C. accomplishment D. agony
5. Which one is not the characteristics of the puritan style?
A. Fresh B. Simple C. Grand D. Direct
6. In his ______, Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy’s rise
from rags to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world
America was a land of opportunities which might be met through hard
work and wise management.
A. The Autobigraphy B. Poor Richard’s Almanack
C. The Way to Wealth D. Common Sense
7. The ________ is a doctrine of predestination, original sin, total
