课程设计--精馏塔分离苯-甲苯混合物目录摘要 (II)Abstract (III)引言 (1)第一章概述 (1)1.1精馏塔设计任务 (2)1.2精馏塔设计方案的选定 (2)第二章精馏塔设计计算 (3)2.1精馏塔物料衡算 (3)2.2塔板的确定 (4)2.3精馏塔的工艺条件及有关物性数据的计算 (5)2.4精馏塔的塔体工艺尺度计算 (10)第三章塔附属设备选型及计算 (29)3.1接管 (29)3.2塔体总高度 (30)3.3辅助设备 (32)第四章设计结果汇总 (35)设计小结与体会 (37)符号说明 (38)参考文献 (40)摘要化工生产中所处理的物料，中间产物，粗产品几乎都是由若干组分组成的混合物，而且其中大部分都是均相物质，生产中为了满足储存，运输，加工和使用的需求，时常需要将这些混合物分离较纯净或几乎纯态的物质。
精馏是分离液体混合物最常用的一种单元操作, 利用液相混合物中各相分挥发度的不同，使挥发组分由液相向气相转移，难挥发组分由气相向液相转移。
实现原料混合物中各组成分离该过程是同时进行传质传热的过程。
本设计任务为精馏塔分离苯-甲苯混合物。
对于二元混合物的分离，采用连续精馏过程。
设计中采用泡点进料，将原料液通过预热器加热至泡点后送人精馏塔内。
塔顶上升蒸气采用全器冷凝，冷凝液在泡点温度下一部分回流至塔内，其余部分经产品冷却器冷却后送至储罐。
该物系属易分离物系，最小回流比较小，所以在设计中把操作回流比取最小回流比的1.7倍。
塔釜采用间接蒸汽加热，塔底产品经冷却后送至储罐。
本设计说明书以通过物料衡算，热量衡算，工艺计算，结构设计和校核等一系列工作来设计一个具有可行性的合理的筛板塔以及相关辅助设备的计算。
绘制了精馏塔装配图，精馏工艺流程图。
关键词：筛板塔；苯；甲苯AbstractIn the chemical production processes the material, the intermediary product, the primary product, nearly is the mixture which is composed of certain components, moreover majority is the homogeneous phase material, in the production to satisfy the storage, the transportation, the processing and the use need, often needs these mixture separation for pure or nearly the pure state material.Separation of distillation is the most commonly used liquid mixture of a unit operation, using liquid mixture of all the different points of the volatile, volatile components from liquid to gas transfer, difficult volatile components from gas to liquid transfer. Mixture of raw materials to achieve the various components of the separation process is at the same time heat and mass transfer process.The design task is to separate the benzene - toluene mixture using the distillation tower. For the separation of binary mixtures, we can use a continuous distillation process. In the design, we feed the raw material in the bubble point ,using preheater where the liquid can be heated up to the bubble point and then give it away to the distillation tower. Up top of the tower ,there is a total condenser which can condense the steam. Part of the condensed steam return to the tower in the bubble point, and the rest product is sent to the tank through the total condenser. It is so easy to isolate material system using this system. the minimum return is relatively small, so we take the minimum reflux ratio of 1.7 times of the operating reflux ratio in our design. Tower reacter is heated with indirect steam and the tower bottom product is sent to storage tanks after cooling.The design specification through the material balance, energy balance, technology, structural design and verification and a series of work to design a reasonable possibility of the sieve tower that should use the relation selective evaporation flow，and drawing assemble diagram of distillation tower and PID of distillation.Keywords：Distillation；Sieve tower；Benzene引言化工生产常需进行液体混合物的分离以达到提纯或回收有用组分的目的。
