情态动词与系动词
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情态动词和系动词专项复习一.连系动词连系动词又叫系动词,它不能直接作谓语,后面常跟形容词(作表语)构成系表结构表达完整的意义。
常见的系动词有:be, become, get, turn, grow, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, keep, seem, remain, stay, come, fall, go 等。
如:1)He looked very excited. 他看起来很兴奋。
2)Roses smell sweet. 玫瑰闻起来很香。
3)It's getting colder and colder. 天变得越来越冷了注意:系动词没有被动语态,一般不能用于进行时态。
二.情态动词情态动词本身具有一定的意义,但不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气、态度以及请求、愿望等。
它没有人称和数的变化(have to 除外)。
常见的情态动词有:can, could, may, might, must, should, would, need等。
1.can 的用法(1)表示能力,意为―能,会‖,否定式为can't,过去式为could。
如:—Can you dance?你会跳舞吗?—Yes, I can./No, I can't. 是的,我会。
/不,我不会I can skate.=I am able to skate.我会溜冰。
(2)表示请求、许可,此时与may 同义。
如:Can/May I borrow your umbrella? 我能借你的雨伞用吗?(3)表示客观可能性或推测,常用于否定句和疑问句中。
如:It can't be Mary. She has gone to the library. 那不可能是玛丽,她已经去了图书馆。
Can it be true?这可能是真的吗?注意:(1)can 与be able to 的区别:can 意为―能,会;可以;可能‖,只能用于一般现在时和一般过去时(could),没有人称和数的变化。
英语谓语知识点归纳英语谓语是指句子中表达主语动作、状态、行为的部分。
谓语包括动词、助动词、情态动词和系动词等。
1. 动词动词是谓语的核心,它可以构成句子的谓语成分。
动词根据不同的属性可以分为以下几类:1.1 动作动词:表示人或物的动作。
例:run, jump, eat1.2 状态动词:表示人或物的状态。
例:be, exist, feel1.3 感官动词:表示人的感受或感觉。
例:see, hear, taste1.4 及物动词:需要带宾语才能构成完整意义的动词。
例:read, write, give1.5 不及物动词:无需带宾语即可构成完整意义的动词。
例:sleep, sit, stand1.6 链接动词:用于连接主语与表语,表示主语的状态或特征。
例:be, become, seem2. 助动词助动词用于构成各种时态、语态、否定、疑问等句子形式。
常见的助动词包括do、does、did、am、is、are、was、were、has、have、had等。
助动词通常与主要动词一起构成谓语。
例:I do my homework.(助动词do与动词my homework构成谓语)They have arrived.(助动词have与动词arrived构成谓语)3. 情态动词情态动词表示说话人的意愿、能力、推测、义务等情态。
常见的情态动词有can、could、may、might、must、shall、should、will、would、ought to等。
例:She can swim.(情态动词can与动词swim构成谓语)You should study hard.(情态动词should与动词study构成谓语)4. 系动词系动词用于连接主语与表语,表示主语的状态、性质或特征。
常见的系动词有be、seem、appear、become、feel、look、sound、taste等。
例:He is a doctor.(系动词is与名词a doctor构成谓语)The food tastes delicious.(系动词tastes与形容词delicious构成谓语)5. 谓语的时态和语态谓语的时态表示动作或状态发生的时间,包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去将来时等。
系动词的分类系动词是英语中一大重要词汇,它们可以用来表达情感,表述状态或者连接不同的句子。
系动词常被认为是非常有用的,因为它们能够提供很多信息。
系动词可以分为许多种,其中最常见的包括be动词、情态动词和助动词。
一、Be动词Be动词是一种表示存在的动词,也叫时态动词,用于表达某人或某物的存在,如am,is,are,was,were,has been,have been,had been等。
例如:I am a student. 他们是老师。
They are teachers. 她是一位伟大的作家。
She was a great writer。
二、情态动词情态动词是一种表示说话者对某件事情的看法和状态的动词,它们通常用于表达某人或某物的感受,如can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would 等。
例如:He can do it. 他可以做到。
We may go there. 我们可以去那里。
三、助动词助动词也叫弱动词,是一种用于表达说话者对某件事情的看法的动词,常用的助动词有do,does,did,have,has,had,can,could,may,might,shall,should,will,would等。
例如:Do you like it? 你喜欢它吗?Does he know it? 他知道这件事吗?四、其它类别除了前面提到的几种系动词外,还有许多其它类别,比如使役动词、补语动词、混合动词、联系动词、系表结构等等。
使役动词是一种用于表达对某人或某事的命令和指示的动词,常用的有make,let,have,get,help,make,take等。
例如:Let me help you. 让我帮助你。
Make him do it. 让他做它。
补语动词是一种用于表达某人或某物的行为或状态的动词,常用的有seem,look,feel,taste,smell,sound,become,remain,stay,go,come,fall,rise 等。
动词的分类动词分为四类:实义动词、系动词、助动词、情态动词。
一、实义动词:实义动词又叫行为动词,分成及物动词和不及物动词。
1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词:及物动词+宾语例:I love my home.我爱我家。
及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语例:She taught us maths.她教我们数学。
提示:常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有:give、teach等。
2、不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语,本身意义完整。
例:She came last week.她上周来的。
3、同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。
例如:She can dance and sing.她能唱歌又能跳舞。
(sing 在此用作不及物动词。
)She can sing many English songs.她能唱好多首英文歌曲。
(sing用作及物动词。
)二、系动词:系动词不能单独作谓语,后面必须跟表语构成合成式谓语。
表语通常由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当,说明主语是什么或怎么样。
连系动词有be、seem、turn等。
例如:The story sounds true.三、助动词:协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,只能在实义动词和系动词前构成谓语的时态、语态以及否定式和疑问式。
它没有对应的汉译,例如:He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)He is singing.他在唱歌。
(is是助动词,无词义,构成现在进行时)。
四、情态动词:情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等,不能单独作谓语,情态动词后面加动词原形。
常用的情态动词有:Can(could)(能、会)如:I can swim.我会游泳。
初中语文动词的分类和辨析动词是语言中最基本的词类之一,它表示人、物或事物的动作、状态或变化。
在初中语文研究中,了解并辨析不同的动词分类对于正确理解和运用动词非常重要。
动词的分类根据动词的用法和特点,我们可以将动词分为以下几类:1. 实义动词:实义动词是指表示具体动作、状态或变化的动词,如跑、吃、看等。
实义动词可以在句子中充当谓语,用来说明主语的动作或状态。
实义动词:实义动词是指表示具体动作、状态或变化的动词,如跑、吃、看等。
实义动词可以在句子中充当谓语,用来说明主语的动作或状态。
2. 系动词:系动词是指表示主语的状态、特点或性质的动词,如是、变得、看起来等。
系动词一般与表语连用,用来说明主语的状态或特征。
系动词:系动词是指表示主语的状态、特点或性质的动词,如是、变得、看起来等。
系动词一般与表语连用,用来说明主语的状态或特征。
3. 情态动词:情态动词是指表示说话人的语气、态度或看法的动词,如可以、能够、应该等。
情态动词通常与不带to的动词原形连用,用来表示可能性、能力、意愿等。
情态动词:情态动词是指表示说话人的语气、态度或看法的动词,如可以、能够、应该等。
情态动词通常与不带to的动词原形连用,用来表示可能性、能力、意愿等。
4. 助动词:助动词是用来帮助构成谓语的动词,如be动词的各种形式、have、do等。
助动词通常与主要动词一起构成谓语,用来表示时态、语态、疑问句和否定句等。
助动词:助动词是用来帮助构成谓语的动词,如be动词的各种形式、have、do等。
助动词通常与主要动词一起构成谓语,用来表示时态、语态、疑问句和否定句等。
动词的辨析在使用动词的过程中,我们还需要注意不同动词的用法和含义的区别,以避免使用错误或不准确的词语。
1. 看、望、注视:这几个动词都表示视线的方向和程度,但用法略有不同。
看通常指用眼睛观察,注重一时的视觉行为;望指远离看,视线向远处延伸,注重远处的目标;注视指专心地看,注重对目标的注意和观察。
be动词,do动词,系动词,情态动词英语初学者对动词的⽤法很迷惑,什么be 动词,系动词,情态动词,根本分不清我们今天就来捋⼀捋关于动词的⼀些基本概念1.do动词do动词就是⼀般具体的有实际意思的动词,⽐如like, love, work等例句:I love you对于do动词,我们最需要留意的是它的各种变化形式,可以⽤“五指法”来记忆,分别是原型-过去式-过去分词-第三⼈称单数-进⾏时⼀般动词变化都很有规律,例如like-liked-liked-likes-liking但是特殊变化单词需要单独记忆每个变化,例如go-went-gone-goes-going常见错误我们经常会把be do动词⼀起⽤,这是不⾏的,⽐如错误:I am listen to music正确:I listen to music有些单词会有多个意思,例如like,do动词表⽰“喜欢”,还可以是介词“像”错误:My math teacher like my father我数学⽼师喜欢我的爸爸(是不是很好笑?)正确:My mather teacher is like my father我的数学⽼师像我爸爸⼀样2.be动词be这个动词的各种变化形式⾮常多1)现在时:I am(I专⽤), He is(单数),you are(you你和其他复数名词)例句:I am a teacher, he is a student, they are students2)过去时:was(单数), were (复数)例句:I was learning English例句:We were learning English3)完成时:been例句:I have been in Beijing for one month4)进⾏时:being例句:I am just being polite 我只是出于礼貌be动词的具体⽤法,可以分为2个⼊门版基本上记住这个就可以了,⼀共4种形式,记住⼝诀:很实(是)在”1)+形容词,表⽰“很什么”例句:I am happy 我很⾼兴2)+名词,表⽰“是什么”例句:I am a teacher 我是⼀名⽼师3)+介词或者地点副词,表⽰”在哪⾥“例句:I am in Beijing 我在北京例句:I am here 我在这⾥(地点副词here, there, home, abroad本⾝不需要介词了)4)+介词,表⽰”处于什么状态“例句:I am in love 我恋爱了,我在恋爱中进阶版作为进⾏时和被动语态中的助动词5)+doing进⾏时,表⽰“正在做某事”例句:I am learning English 我正在学英语6)+done过去分词,表⽰“被。
培优十一Section A一.单项选择(40分)1.- Can I park my car in front of the building? - No, you _______.A won't B. can't C. needn't D. couldn't . ( )2. - Pauline has lost her phone. - No. It's in her bag. I_______ hear it.A must B. can C. may D. shall3. - Dad, shall we go to the World Park tomorrow?- Sorry, I won't be free, but you_______ ask Mum to go with you.A mustB may C. would D. should4. The cake_______ delicious. I can't wait to eat it.A feelsB sounds C. becomes D. smells5. That T-shirt_______ be expensive because it's by a famous designer.A can'tB mustn't C. must D. should6. - Dinner is ready. Help yourself!- Wow! It_______ delicious. You are really good at cooking.A looksB sounds C. tastes D. feels7.- How many English words do you think I should know?- As many as you_______. Then you will find reading quite easy.A will B. must C. can D. might ( )8.Hurry up, or you_______ catch the trainA can'tB needn't C. mustn't D. shouldn't ( )9. - Mum, can I finish the work tomorrow?- No, you_______ finish it today. Don't put off today's work till tomorrow.A mayB can C. might D. must10. If you_______ go, at least wait until the rain stops. A can B may C. must D. will11. There's only one day to go. You_______ finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.A can B. will C. must D. may ( )12. - Do you know the song Gangnam Style? - Of course. It_______ interesting.A tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels13. - Hurry, Mum! The bus is coming.- Wait a minute, dear. You_______ cross the street until the traffic lights are greenA mustB need C. mustn't D. needn't14. The lady in the sitting room_______ be over sixty. She looks so young.A. can't B must C. may D. needn't15. - Are you in a hurry? - No, I've got plenty of time I_______ wait. A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't16. - Is Mr Brown driving here? - I'm not sure. He_______ come by train.A may B. shall C. need D. must17. - _______ I see your ID card, sir? We have to check your informationA MayB Must C. Should D. Need18.- Have you decided where to go for your summer vacation?- Not yet. We _______ go to Qingdao. It's a good place for vacationA may B. need C. must19. -_______ I have lunch now, Mum? - No, You must wash your hands first.A. WouldB. MayC. Ought to20. - Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? - Yes, I'm afraid we_______. That's the traffic ruleA can B. may C. have to D. need21.- Look at the boy playing basketball on the ground. Is it George? - It_______ be him. He told me he would pl ay basketball after class, but he's not sure.A mustn't B. must C. can't D. may22.- Two hundred yuan for such a T-shirt! You_______ be joking! - I'm not joking. It's made of silkA can't B. can C. need D. must23. - Honey, how are you feeling now?- I am much better, Mum. So you _______ take me to see the doctor.A can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. couldn't24. You_______ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous.A wouldn'tB shouldn't C. couldn't D. mightn't25. _______ you please give me a hand? The box is too heavy.A ShouldB Could C. Must D. Need26.According to the new traffic law, everyone in a car_______ wear the seat belt.A can B. may C. must D. will27. (2013.广安) -_______ I swim here?- No, you Look at the sign 'No swimming'.A Must; can't . B. Can; don't . C. Can; mustn't28. Students in our school _______ know shouting is not allowed in the library.A canB may C. must D. need29. -_______ I finish my homework now? - No, you_______. Y our work is over today.A. Can't; must B Must; don't have to C. May; couldn't D. Couldn't; could30. It's getting dark. I _______ go home now. A. can . B. would C. have to31. - Amy, I hear you've got many foreign coins. _______ I have a look? - Of course, I'll fetch them for you.A MayB Must C. Should D. Need32. - Can I borrow your ruler, please?- Yes, you_______. But you must return it to me before lunchtime. A. have B. can C. must D. used to33. - Could you please tell me how to improve my spoken English? - Certainly, I_______.A. can B could C. must34. - Shall I take my swimming suit? - No, you_______. We will just go hiking in the mountainA mustn'tB couldn't C. needn't D. can't35. - Where are you going this month? - We_______ go to Xiamen, but we're not sure.A. needn'tB. mustC. mightD. mustn't36. In France you_______ put bread on the table. You are not supposed to put it on the plate.A. shouldn't B are supposed to C. would like to D. will37. - Difficulties always go with me!- Cheer up! If God closes a door in front of you, there_______ be a window opened for you.A wouldB must C. could D. can38. From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14_______ go into Disney's US parks alone.A couldn'tB mustn't C. needn't D. mightn't39. A country has dreams. We teenagers _______ also have dreams. With dreams and hard work, anything amazing can be created. A may B must C. should40You mustn't go off on your own, because you_______ get lost in the mountains.A shouldB must C. need D. might二阅读下面的短文,从所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空(30分):Once upon a time,some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtul(海龟)。