初高中衔接英语语法专项练习题集(共14个专题 58页 附答案)

个人整理的初高中英语知识衔接讲解和练习题带答案初高中英语知识衔接方略编写：张春晓王媛媛学法指导初中英语和高中英语的学习属于两个不同的学段，两者之间存有知识的断层，但并非不可逾越，其中还是有衔接的规律可循。

现行初高中英语教材的教学要求有明显的梯度,初中侧重于基础知识,强调听说领先;高中则侧重于培养学生的阅读理解能力和语言运用及读写能力。

初中课文中句型较简单,基础知识占一定比例，学生容易接受；而高中课文句型较为复杂，词汇量明显增多，出现一些难句、长句，并且语法繁杂。

教学要求的梯度和侧重点的转移使高中一年级学生一时难以适应，而高一的起步关系到整个高中阶段的成败。

因此，在高中入学前后的这段时间内，通过复习高中学习阶段必备的初中知识，并预学部分高中知识，提前熟悉和掌握高中的学习方法，学生就可以扎实地迈好从初中到高中的第一步。

有鉴于此，我们精心编写了这套初高中英语衔接教材，旨在从知识、学习方法、认知等方面帮助学生架设“阶梯”，使学生都能顺利越过知识的“台阶”，实现学习方法的转变，养成良好的预习、复习、使用工具书、整理错题、写日记等良好习惯，从而尽快适应高中阶段的学习。

好的习惯是我们通向成功的一把钥匙。

高一阶段，应特别注意养成以下几个新的学习习惯。

1．使用工具书的习惯。

工具书是“自学的好帮手”。

这里的工具书指的是：字典和语法工具书。

我建议同学们选择一本英汉双解词典作自己的良师益友，遇到词汇方面的疑问不要被动等待老师解答，而是要主动地学会自己查词典求得答案。

而且必须要把它养成习惯，这同时也是一种能力的培养。

另外也要手头自备一本好的英语语法工具书，如《薄冰语法》等，养成遇到比较难的语法时，不要急着问老师，要自己查工具书，要养成借助于工具书进行课外阅读的习惯，除了阅读，要有意识地运用所学的语法知识造句写作文，能够正确地理解语言和运用语言，达到学习语法的目的——学以致用。

2．预习的习惯。

预习是一种有效提高学习效率的好方法。

初三英语语法复习专项训练习题一.名词部分1、There’s only a little ____in the fridge. That’s not enough for breakfast.A.cakeB.breadC.eggsD.biscuits2、I found the bottle in____room.A.Sara and KateB.Sara’s and kate’sC.Sara’s and kateD.Sara and kate’s3、He often has___for breakfast.A.two breadB.two piece of breadsC.two pieces of breadD.two pieces of breads4、Jack and Tom are___.A.good friendsB.good friendC.a good friendD.good a friend5、There are___in the fridge.A.two milksB.some milksC.two bottles of milkD.two bottles of milks6、June1 is___in China.A.Children’s DayB.Child’s DayTC.Childrens’DayD.Childs’Day7、Are they___cakes ?A.Mr’s GreenB.Mr Green’sC.Mr green’sD.Green Mr’s8、How many____do you want ?A.glasses of milkB.glass of milksC.glasses of milksks9、Mrs Green has two___.They are very bright.A.childsB.childC.children’sD.children(二) 冠词改错；She has a beautiful hair.What cold day!What a bad weather!The history is a very interesting subject.He came here by a train.The robot was an one-eyes man.三，代词部分考试复习题（一）.单项选择1 must stay here to wait for .A I, weB We, themC I, theirD Us, they2 My brother asked to go with . A your, her B you, he C you, him3 These exercise books are not butA our, oursB your, theirsC theirs, ours4 She has lost pen will lent .A her, her youB her, his yourC her, her yoursD her, her your5 The twins are looking at in the mirror.A themB themselvesC themselves6 Your teacher must be in the office. I her a moment ago.A have seenB had seenC sawD see7 Is there important in today's newspaper?Yes, there is important in today's newspaper.A something, anythingB anything, somethingC everything, anythingD nothing, anything8 Is there in the classroom? No, there isn’tA any oneB anybodyC anythingD any thing9 Would you like hot milk? No, thanks.A someB littleC a littleD any10 was colder yesterday than today.A ItB ThatC ThoseD This11 He went fishing very early morning two weeks ago.A eachB everyC aD an12which bikes are yours. The blue are .A one, yoursB ours, onesC ones, yoursD ones, ours13 is ready for you.A EveryB AllC BothD That14 You are both wrong of you is right.A AllB EitherC NeitherD Nor15 are you waiting for hereA WhomB WhoseC ThatD Those16 A clock has three hands is short two are longA one, oneB one, the othersC one, the other D. the other, one17 We have time lift. Hurry up.A a littleB fewC littleD a few四．数词考试复习题单项选择单项选择11.What's one plus two? Its .A threeB fourC one12.Five minus two is .A twoB threeC five13.What time is it now? It's .A at sixB six-tenC ten past six14.Mr. White goes to work every morning .A at half past sevenB in half to sevenC at half seven pastD on half past seven15.She goes to bed at in the evening.A a quarter to tenB nine a quarterC ten to a quarterD nine a quarter16.When do you usually have your supper? .A At sixB About sixC in six17.He lived in three days ago.A Room 123B 123 roomC 123 rooms18.Will you try time? Asked the teacher.A a threeB a thirdC third19.The teacher asked us to write composition.A a eight- hundred- wordsB an eight- hundred- wordC an eight- hundred- wordD an eight- hundred- word20.More than of the face of the earthA two thirdB second twoC two thirds21.The building is aboutA twenty- meter- longB twenty –meters- highC twenty meter longD twenty meters high22.If you look up in the sky at night you will seeA a million starB million of starsC millions of starsD million of suns23.10,000 means .A one millionB a thousandC ten thousandD a hundred thousand24Mary bought last month.A three pairs shoesB three pairs of shoeC three pairs of shoesD three shoes五．形容词副词考试复习题单项选择（一）单项选择1\He at half past five every day.A goes to homeB goes homeC go home2\An elephant is than a monkey.A more bigger and strongerB bigger and strongerC much bigger and strongerD much bigger and more3\Which lesson is in Book 3?A a most difficultB more difficultyC most difficultD the most difficult4.The man isn’t to walk.A enough oldB old enoughC old tooD much old5.She didn't speak at yesterday's meeting, and t didn't .A neitherB eitherC tooD also6.I was a worker three years ago, was she. A neither B either C so D nor7.You can't skate , can he.A SoB NorC NeitherD both B and C8.I watch TV once a week, do you watch TV?A how soonB how longC how oftenD when9.This sentence is long to read fluently.A tooB veryC soD enough10.My father hasn't come home, but my mother has been at home for an hour.A already, stillB already, yetC yet, already11.Chinas population is than that of the USA a littleB much largerC much bigger12.How many tomatoes do you want? .A The better, the moreB the more, the sweeterC The less, the moreD The more, the better13.Spring is coming, it's getting .A warmer and wormerB warmer and hotterC warm and warmerD hotter and warmer14England is big China.A as, asB not so, asC so, as15.Who will give us a talk tomorrow morningA anyB otherC anotherD else16.The teacher has to tell us.A anything importantB something important C.important something17.The boy wears a jacket large for him.A very muchB too muchC much too18.Let me show him .A inB intoC insideD outside19Children usually live .A happyB happilyC happyly20.He was a poor man. He has money.A manyB a lot ofC little21.The color TV set was expensive that I couldn't buy it.A soB tooC too muchD such22I can't find my dictionary .A everywhereB nowhereC somewhereD anywhere（二）形容词改错：Can we do our work better with few money and less people?These apples look well.I'm interested in the magazine.She is a young cleaver girl.This bridge is about 10 meters long than that one.。

初高中英语衔接试题Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】初高中衔接练习（一）一、选择填空从下面各题所给的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。

1. Does Tom often play _____ football after _____ schoolA．/, / B．/, the C．the, / D．a, a2. How wonderful! The _____is made of _________.A．house , glass B．house, glassesC．houses, glass D．houses, glasses3. Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ______ to his office.A．20 minutes’ walk B．20 minute’s walkC．20-minutes walk D．20-minute walk4. Uncle Tom asked David, Sam, ______ brothers and ______ three to help write the cards.A．my, I B．my, me C．myself, I D．myself, me5.The man ______ Mary was so tall that she could hardly see the show.A．in front of B．in the front ofC．at the back of D．at the beginning of6. The garden _______while the Greens were away from home.A. took good care of B．was taken good careC．was taken good care of D．was taking good care7. ——Have you finished _____the book——Not yet. I’ll try _____it to you before Friday.A．reading, returning B．to read, to returnC．reading, to return D. to read, returning8. Many people watched the boys ______ the mountain at that time. A．climb B．climbing C．to climb D．climbed9. India had the second ______population in the world.A．largest B．larger C．most D．smallest10.When father was young, he ______ from morning till night.A．was made work B．was made workingC．made to work D．was made to work11. Five-year-old children are too young to go to school, ________ A．are they B．aren’t they C．were they D．have they12. ——____I put my coat here——Sorry, you ______.A．Must; mustn’t B．Do; don’t C．can; needn’t D．May; can’t 13. Tom wants to try _____some of his ideas.A．on B．off C．out D．to14. Could you tell me if it _____tomorrowA. rain B．will rain C．raining D．rains15.Do you know ______ at the bus stopA. whom they are waiting for B．who they are waitingC． whom are they waiting for D．who are they waiting16. The teacher asked all the students in the class to keep their eyes ______.A. closeB. to closeC. closingD. closed17. ______ there any good news in to day’s newspaperA．Are B．Is C．Have D．Has二、根据句意和首字母的提示写出所缺单词，使该句子完整、合理。

目录专题一名词 (1)专题二数词、冠词 (8)专题三介词、连词 (14)专题四代词 (21)专题五形容词、副词 (31)专题六动词的分类 (39)专题七情态动词、系动词 (46)专题八动词时态 (52)专题九被动语态 (58)专题十非谓语动词 (64)专题十一简单句、并列句 (73)专题十二祈使句、感叹句 (81)专题一三宾语从句 (87)专题一四定语从句 (94)专题一五状语从句 (102)专题一名词1.名词的数1.概述：名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。

2.可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many,few, a few, some， any, plenty of， lots of, a number of 等修饰。

构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。

1）复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾—s或—es构成的。

具体规则如下图:a．单复同形的:Chinese—Chinese, Japanese-Japanese， deer—deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量）b。

熟记下列词的复数变化:man—men, woman—women, policeman-policemen， foot—feet,tooth-teeth， mouse—mice， child—childrenc. 以man， woman做定语构成的复合名词,变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student—two girl students3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。

如：water， meat, air等。

在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。

1）用some， much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。

初、高衔接--------专题（一）动词衔接1、I_______(teach) here since I finished school.2. Would you mind _______(use) your bike?3. The students of Class Two________(sweep) their classroom now.4.The Reads_________(not listen) to the radio at that time.5. It's better to give than________(receive).6. How long ______you_______(live) in this town?7. You _______(come) here last year ,______ you?8. When______ you______(see) him? I______(see) him last Sunday.9. She said that the car___________(use) the next week.10. I didn't know what __________(happen) to China in a century.11. When I got to the station, the train____ already______(leave).12. The stone bridge______________(build) in our hometown for ten years.13. The desk must______(clean) once a day.14. The dog_________(lie) on the floor when I came in.15. Mary said that she __________(visit) her aunt the next week.16. Her mother____________(cook) at this time yesterday.17. The students _____________(do) their homework. __________( not make) any noise!18. ______you ever_______(be) to Beijing? Yes. I________(go) there last week.19. He'll telephone us as soon as he_________(arrive) there.20. Jiefang trucks____________(make) in Changchun.21.A pen is used for__________(write).22. Would you mind_________(use) your bike?23. It's better to give than__________(receive).24. They find it useful__________(learn) English.25. The old man often_________(tell) the children a story in the evening.This evening he ________(tell) two stories .26. The radio__________(use) once in a week in our class.It____________(not use) yesterday because there was something wrong with it.27. Would you please tell us how___________(make) the watch ________(work)?28. She doesn't know what_________(do) and where__________(go).29. My friend can't decide which pair of trousers____________(choose). So she asked me to go shopping with her.30.That must _____________(do).IV. 用动词的适当形式填空。

初高中衔接英语语法专项练习题集（共14个专题 58页附答案）目录I名词和冠词II代词和数词III形容词和副词IV时态V主谓一致VI状语从句VII名词从句VIII定语从句IX被动语态和短语动词X情态动词XI动词不定试XII分词XIII动名词XIV虚拟语气I名词和冠词1.Beyond ________ stars, the astronaut saw nothing but ________ space.A. the; XB. X; XC. X; theD. the; the2.Alexander Graham Bell invented ________telephone in 1876.A. XB. aC. theD. one3.________terrible weather we’re having these days!A. How aB. What aC. HowD. What4.— Where’s Jack?— I think he’s still in ________ bed, but he might just be in ________bathroom.A. X; XB. the; theC. the; XD. X; the5.We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.A. factB. realityC. practiceD. deed6.Many people are still in ________ habit of writing silly things in ________public places.A. the; theB. X; XC. the; XD. X; the7.He dropped the ________and broke it.A. cup of coffeeB. coffee’s cupC. cup for coffeeD. coffee cup8.— How did the boss pay you?— As a rule, we were paid ________.A. by the hourB. by hourC. by an hourD. by hours9.I am very obliged to him, for he has done me________.A. many kindnessB. lots of kindnessC. many kindnessesD. much kindness10.— Could you leave me your dictionary?— Certainly, but it isn’t really________.A. of much useB. of great usefulC. much usefulD. for much use11.________is needed badly in the stricken areas.A. A lot of clothesB. Many a clothC. Much clothingD. Plenty of clothesst year the old woman fired two ________in her house.A. woman servant’sB. women servantC. woman servantD. women servants13.________are sold in Wuhan Commercial Market.A. Men’s and children’s shoesB. Men and children shoesC. Man and child’s shoesD. Men’s and child’s shoes14.They are such diligent ________that they have already made ________.A. students; so much progressB. student; great progressesC. students; such much progressD. students; so great progress15.Like ________of the period, he didn’t see any jet plane.A. another ChineseB. some GermenC. many JapanesesD. other Indians16.The house with many guests in it was suddenly________.A. in fireB. on a fireC. on fireD. in a fire17.Mr. Smith gave us ________how to learn English well.A. a good advice onB. some good advice onC. two good advice4 onD. some piece of good advice on18.I’m full now, would you like ________ bread?A. one more B . some more C. any more D. another piece19.Scientists are trying to find ________ that they can prevent pollution.A. meanB. meansC. waysD. method20.He didn’t know if there was ________on the line but there was something heavy.A. fishB. a fishC. fishsD. fishes21.Would you fetch me ________ here?A. 3 chalksB. 3 box of chalkC. 3 pieces of chalksD. 3 boxes of chalk22.The workers can complete our new library in ________.A. 2 and half a monthB. 2 months and halfC. 2 and a half monthsD. 2 monthes and a half23.This painting ________has interested many visitors.A. in water colorsB. with water colorC. in water colorD. by water colors24.Can you show me the ________taken by those ________students?A. photos; boyB. photoes; boyC. photos; boysD. photoes; boys25.He bought ________eggs for four yuan.A. 2 dozenB. 2 dozensC. 2 dozen ofD. 2 dozens of26.________ in the forest like to eat ________certain kind of wild rose.A. Deer; theB. Deer; aC. Deers; someD. Deers; a27.He is worried about tomorrow’s driving test, would you please have ________ with him?A. wordsB. a wordC. talkD. talks28.There is a bottle of ________in the hand of the ________teacher.A. chemical; chemicalB. chemistry; chemistryC. chemicals; chemistryD. chemicals; chemist29.It’s good ________to wait in line.A. habitB. wayC. mannerD. manners30.If you want to reduce your weight, you’d better take ________.A. restB. the advicesC. more exerciseD. morning exercise31.In 1980 Mr. Li was made ________ of our school.A. headmasterB. a headmasterC. the headmasterD. of headmaster32.He wants three ________at the same time.A. cups of coffeeB. cup of coffeeC. coffeeD. cups of coffees33.You can’t fill up the form in ________.A. the pencilB. a pencil c. pencils D. pencil34.________she has got!A. What good knowledge of EnglishB. What good a knowledge of EnglishC. How good knowledge of EnglishD. How good a knowledge of English35.Mr. Stock well runs ________small business, who is in Mexico on ________.A. a; businessB. X; businessC. a; the businessD. X; businesses36.The old farmer raises a lot of ________on his farm.A. cows and sheepsB. cows and sheepC. cow and sheepsD. cow and sheep37.She broke a ________while she was washing up.A. glass wineB. wine glassC. glass of wineD. glass of the wine38.Three years is the ________to a soldier in our country.A. usual service lengthsB. usual length of serviceC. lengthy service usuallyD. service of lengths usually39.— What did Tom do?— He turned on ________.A. televisionB. the televisionC. a televisionD. televisions40.He had the boy finish writing ________article last night.A. a 800-wordsB. a 800-wordC. an 800-wordsD. an 800-word41.The grammar of ________Chinese language is quite different from that of________Japanese.A. X; XB. the; XC. the; theD. X; the42.________ducks I bought last Sunday have all died from eating ________worms in the fields.A. The; theB. X; theC. The; XD. X; X43.She is in ________hospital and will have ________operation ________next Friday.A. a; X; XB. the; an; theC. X; an; XD. a; X; the44.No wonder________more people go to ________evening, ________better it will be.A. the; X; theB. the; the; theC. X; an; XD. X; X; X45.The two ________bought ________before moving into the new house.A. Germans; several pieces of furnitureB. Germen; a few pieces of furnitureC. Germans; some furnitureD. Germen; just two furniture46.________is red. This is ________.A. Her; her sister-in-lawB. Her; sister-in-law’sC. Hers; her sister-in-law’sD. her’s; her sister’s-in-law47.It is said that they will get in ________good harvest this year.A. theB. aC. veryD. X48.I ordered________book some time ago. ________book has arrived now.A. the; AB. a; TheC. a; AD. X; The49.________Chinese managed to keep the method________secret.A. The; aB. The; theC. X; aD. X; the50.It’s ________ most interesting story. But it isn’t ________most interesting one.A. the; the B; a; the C. the; a D. X; the51.There is ________ “m” in the word “mother”.A. aB. anC. theD. X52.They got to the island________.A. in a boatB. by a shipC. by the airD. by the way53.________dinner is on the table now. They will have ________good dinner.A. The; theB. The; aC. A; theD. A; a54.She took her daughter by ________hand.A. herB. aC. bothD. the55.The old man entered the yard, ________.A. stick in handB. a stick in the handC. stick in his handD. with a stick in hand56.He is going to make ________with that girl.A. the friendB. a friendC. friendsD. the friends57.________brothers are two honest shoe-makers.A. SmithB. The SmithC. The SmithsD. That Smith58.When we were ________, we often wrote compositions________.A. at school; in classB. in school; in the classC. at schools; in classD. in school; inclasses59.He has poor eyesight. so the teacher asked him to sit in ________the room.A. front ofB. the front ofC. first row ofD. the row one of60.________Atlantic is ________second largest ocean in the world.A. X; theB. The; XC. X; aD. The; the1—10. ACDDC CDACA 11—20. CDAAD CBBCB 21—30. DCAAA BBCDC 31—40. AADDA BBBBD 41—50. BACBA CBBAB 51—60. BABDA CBABDII代词和数词1.— Is ________ here?— No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD. nobody2.Mr. Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except ________who had already taken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others3.We couldn’t eat in a restaurant because ________of us had ________money on us.A. all; noB. any; noC. none; anyD. no one; any4.His camera is more expensive than________.A. hersB. herC. itD. its5.Two ________died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleB. hundred old peopleC. hundreds old peoplesD. hundred old peoples6.Shortly after the accident, two ________ police were sent to the spot to keep the order.A. dozen ofB. dozensC. dozenD. dozens of7.The hero of the story is an artist in his ________.A. thirtiethB. thirtyC. thirty’sD. thirties8.He lent me two books, but ________of them are too difficult for me.A. allB. bothC. neitherD. none9.________of the classrooms can seat 60 students.A. EveryB. EachC. EveryoneD. Anyone10.Only ________ of them are pleased with the result.A. a fewB. fewC. littleD. a little11.John and Jack have gone to the meeting, but ________students in the class are still in theclassroom.A. otherB. othersC. the otherD. the others12.There are many apples on the table; Mary took one and Jane ________.A. the otherB. an other oneC. the other oneD. another13.________of them were in good health, but both insisted on being given more work.A. NeitherB. NoneC. EitherD. Each14.I found ________ pleasant to walk through the woods.A. usB. itC. thatD. ourselves15.I left my umbrella in the room and took ________by mistake.A. hisB. herC. itD. my own16.My shoes are worn out. I’ll have to buy________.A. a new oneB. some new onesC. some newD. a new pair17.You’ll have to borrow ________dictionary. I’m suing ________.A. somebody else’s; myB. somebody’s; myC. somebody else’s; mineD. somebody’s; mine18.— How many birds do you see in the tree?— ________.A. NoneB. no oneC. No manyD. Not many ones19.The population of the USA is larger than ________of Canada.A. thoseB. thatC. the oneD. X20.The house ________ is all right. Only the furniture is too old.A. itselfB. of itselfC. by itselfD. of its own21.Would you like ________more bread?A. someB. anyC. otherD. another22.— Where are my glasses?— I haven’t found ________.A. itB. themC. theyD. those23.________comes will be welcome.A. HeB. WhoC. WhoeverD. No matter who24.________people try to improve their English at home with books or tapes; ________useradios or TV programs; ________go to evening classes.A. Some; some; othersB. Many; others; othersC. Some; some; someD. Many; some;others25.Sit down and make ________at home.A. youB. himC. itD. yourself26.________is good ________you to think like that.A. it; forB. It; ofC. That; ofD. This; for27.Someone turned the light off, ________?A. did heB. didn’t sheC. did theyD. didn’t they28.Such a girl as ________should not be looked down upon.A. hersB. sheC. herD. herself29.________do you think is the best student in your class?A. WhoB. WhomC. Of whomD. Why30.I went to see a friend yesterday________ lent me this book.A. whoB. and whoC. that heD. and he31.He had a bad cold. ________why he didn’t come.A. It’sB. That’sC. This is d. So32.He knows ________about the computer, but he doesn’t know exactly ________it costs.A. a little; whatB. a little; how manyC. little; how muchD. little; the money33.— Do you want this notebook?— Yes, I want ________.A. oneB. soC. itD. very much34.Don’t tell ________. it is strictly between you and ________.A. someone else; meB. anyone; themC. anyone else; meD. them; we35.________ being elected President came ________a surprise to us.A. He; toB. Him; likeC. His; likeD. His; as36.Miss Pack asked us to finish the exercises in time and ________.A. we did soB. so we didC. so did weD. we did37.There is a knock at the door. You go to answer. You ask “________”A. Who is itB. Who are youC. What’s your nameD. the same to you38.— I’m glad to meet you.— ________.A. Thank youB. All the sameC. Me, tooD. The same to you39.He doesn’t live in the school; he has a house of ________.A. hisB. himselfC. his ownD. his own one40.Is the book ________you are looking for?A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. X41.“One must do ________duty.” mean “Everyone must do ________duty.”A. one’s; hisB. his; hisC. his; one’sD. one’s; one’s42.The shoes are two sizes too big. Will you please show me ________?A. other pairB. other shoeC. another pairD. the other one43.________doesn’t matter much ________dress you are going to wear.A. This; whichB. It; whichC. that; whatD. It; who44.They talked about the things and the people ________they saw on the way to the station.A. whoB. thatC. allD. whom45.The cover of the book is red, ________anybody can see.A. asB. itC. thatD. what46.He has two pencils, ________was given by his brother as a birthday gift.A. the longer oneB. one of themC. the longestD. The longer of which47.From the news program on TV we can learn ________is going on in the world.A. thatB. all whatC. whatD. which48.________broke out in 1914.A. First World WarB. The First World WarC. The World War OneD. One World War49.We have produced ________steel this year as we did in 1978.A. twice as muchB. twice as manyC. as twice manyD. as twice much50.Some ________houses were washed away by floods.A. thousandsB. thousandC. thousands ofD. thousand of51.About ________of the fields in the country were floods.A. two thirdB. two thirdsC. two of thirdsD. second-third52.The Communist Party of China was founded on ________.A. July, 1, 1921B. 1921, July 1C. 1921,7,1D. July 1, 192153.His work is better than ________.A. anyoneB. anyone elseC. anyone else’sD. anyone’s else54.— Have the people got the money now?— Yes, the police gave________.A. them to themB. it to itC. it to themD. them to it55.He has bought several ________.A. 20-cent stampsB. 20-cents-stampC. 20-cents stampD. 20-cnets stamps56.________, great changes have taken place in Wuhan.A. In the 1990B. In the 1990’sC. In 1990D., In 1990’s57.After cutting the apple________, he found ________ of it was rotten.A. in half; halfB. into halves; a halfC. in half; a halfD. into 2 halves; a half58.The computer has ordered ________cars this year.A. more twoB. two moreC. two othersD. the others two59.At that time he was just a ________.A. boy of 16B. 16 year old boyC. 16 years old boyD. 16-years-old boy60.________were at the top of the mountain, we had a good time.A. Three of mine brothersB. Three of us brotherC. The \three of our brotherD. The three of us brothers1—10. BACAB CDBBA 11—20. CDABA DCABA 21—30. ABCAD BDBAD 31—40. BACCD AACCC 41—50. ACBBA DCBAC 51—60. BDCCA BABADIII形容词和副词1.Tony is going camping with ________boys.A. little two otherB. two little otherC. two other littleD. little other two2.— Mum, I think I’m ________to get back to school.— Not really, my dear, you’d better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough3.— Shall I sit at this end of the boat or the other end?— If you keep still, you can sit at ________end.A. neitherB. eachC. eitherD. any4.It is impossible for so ________people to do so________work in a single day.A. few; muchB. few; manyC. little; muchD. little; many5.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ________tractors in 1988 asthe year before.A. as twice manyB. as manyC. twice as manyD. twice many as6.Which is ________country, Canada or Australia?A. a largeB. largerC. a largerD. the larger7.— Will you take this dictionary to Mr. Anderson, please?— Sorry, I can’t, he________.A. doesn’t any more study hereB. doesn’t any longer there studyC. doesn’t study any more thereD. doesn’t study there any longer8.— I have to pay 100 dollars for this toy car.— It’s probably________.A. worthy themB. worthy itC. worth themD. worth it9.The color TV set in the Yellow Crane Commercial Building will be ________, but ________.A. cheaper; not as goodB. cheaper; not as betterC. more cheap; not as betterD. more cheap; not as good10.Her voice sounds________.A. sweetlyB. sweetC. to be sweetlyD. to be sweet11.May I have ________more water-melons (西瓜)?A. anyB. everyC. someD. each12.He is not planning to go________.A. anywhereB. somewhereC. nowhereD. everywhere13.I don’t like this ink, I like ________ink.A. some othersB. anotherC. an otherD. some other14.The work pleased the old man; this work________.A. pleasedB. was pleasedC. pleasingD. was pleasing15.Eating an apple a day is considered ________to health.A. useB. uselyC. usefulD. useless16.Do you know the name of that________?A. funny, little, red mosquito-like insectB. little, funny, mosquito-like insectC. red, little, funny, mosquito-like insectD. little, mosquito-like, funny, red insect.17.We can finish our lecture________quickly if you keep quiet for a few minutes.A. fairlyB. wellC. tooD. soon18.— Let’s go to the seashore this morning.— We are planning to; in fact we have the picnic basket packed ________.A. howeverB. stillC. yetD. already19.She is ________too old to travel long.A. quiteB. veryC. farD. many20.— I wish Mubble would drive us to the airport.— He has ________to take us all.A. too small a carB. very small a carC. a too small carD. such small a car21.Piddy’s plan was ________.A. so good as, if no better than oursB. as good as, if not better than oursC. as good like, if no better than our’sD. as well as, if not better than ours22.The more we looked at the mountain, ________.A. the less we liked itB. we like it lessC. better we like itD. it looked better23.Who lives ________here?A. farthest awayB. furthest awayC. the farthest fromD. the further away24.— How was the party?— Fine except that we arrived________.A. terribly lateB. terribly latelyC. terrible lateD. terrible lately25.— How about Joe Hill?— He arrived home ________and sound.A. safeB. safelyC. with safetyD. in safe26.— What do you think of that job, Tonny?— We feel ________that the job shouldn’t have been done so carelessly.A. strongB. stronglyC. being strongD. to be strong27.Because she was late again for school, the teacher became________.A. very angrilyB. much angryC. very angryD. much angrily28.Can you give me ________change for this ten-dollar note?A. littleB. shortC. smallD. tiny29.Jane swims ________than I, but she doesn’t swim ________my sister.A. better; as well asB. better; betterC. as well as; betterD. better; than30.They went by train ________Beijing, and there took ship ________France.A. so far as; forB. as far as; toC. to; so far asD. for; as far as31.The food tastes ________and sells well.A. niceB. wellC. saltD. much better32.The result proved________.A. correctB. that his words rightC. being correctD. what he said is right33.The ________ spider lives in the hot, thick rain forests of South America.A. bird-eatenB. eaten-birdC. bird-eatingD. eating-bird34.He thought the Englishman was ________that American.A. so clever asB. less clever thanC. as cleverer asD. more cleverer than35.I’d like him to go and see ________the coat would be ready.A. how soonB. how longC. whetherD. that36.Speak________, please, I can’t hear you.A. loudlyB. louderC. alouderD. more loudly37.It is certain that he has ________heart trouble.A. littleB. noC. notD. big38.In the sports meet he jumped ________, so he was ________spoken of.A. highly; highB. the higher; highlyC. highest; highlyD. more highly; very high39.He is not good at French, ________ good at German.A. he isB. nor does heC. neither he isD. neither is he40.Look out! Here________.A. comes the busB. is the bus comingC. the bus comesD. the bus is coming41.Your coat is wet. Why not take ________?A. off itB. it offC. it downD. out it42.This hall is ________that room.A. twice big thanB. twice as bigger asC. not big asD. twice as big as43.You’d better keep your mouth ________ and your eyes________.A. close; openB. closed; openC. closed; openedD. close; opened44.Ella was a ________shy girl but her classmates seldom thought of her as shy.A. quiteB. ratherC. tooD. so45.The little boy was ________frightened ________move.A. both; andB. too; toC. either; orD. not; until46.The children were ________excited to see ________many strange things in the museum.A. very; thatB. much; soC. too; suchD. too; so47.________meeting will begin is still unknown.A. If theB. That theC. When theD. The48.Only when air moves________.A. it can be feltB. can we feel itC. can it feelD. we can feel it49.The college students insisted on being sent to work ________they were most needed________they graduated.A. where; whenB. if; unlessC. because; whileD. though; as50.— ________do you go to see your grandfather?— Twice a month.A. How soonB. How longC. How oftenD. What time51.The girl wore a coat ________long for her.A. too muchB. much tooC. very muchD. a bit of52.Tom’s mother lay________, so Tom sat________.A. ill, silenceB. sick; silentC. with illness; stillD. sickly; worried53.He was ________ kind ________show me the way to the stadium.A. enough; toB. so; thatC. very; in order toD. so; as to54.It’s________ nine o’clock. You are ________at breakfast!A. yet; stillB. still; alreadyC. already; yetD. already; still55.He was so deeply moved by his words that he couldn’t fall ________deep into the night.A. sleepB. asleepC. sleepingD. sleepy56.I hardly ever hear him sing ________song.A. anyB. manyC. suchD. latest57.She was half an hour ________for the class.A. lateB. laterC. latterD. latest58.Mr. Scott is ________respected by his students.A. veryB. extremeC. ratherD. much59.I think ________to learn English from early childhood.A. it bestB. it is the bestC. it the bestD. it will be best60.I can’t remember where I put the pen, it is ________to be found.A. nowhereB. somewhere c. anywhere D. however1—10. CCCAC DDDAB 11—20. CADDC AADCA 21—30. BACAA BCCAB 31—40. AACBA BBCDA 41—50. BDBBB DCBAC 51—60. BBDDB AADAAIV时态1.My dictionary________, I have looked for it everywhere but still ________it.A. has lost; don’t findB. is missing; don’t findC. has lost; haven’t foundD. is missing; haven’t found2.We were all surprised when he made it clear that he ________office soon.A. leavesB. would leaveC. leftD. had left3.— We could have walked to the station; it was so near.— Yes, a taxi ________at all necessary.A. wasn’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. won’t be4.If city noises ________from increasing, people ________shout to be heard even at the dinnertable 20 years from now.A. are not kept; will have toB. are not kept; have toC. do not keep; will have toD. do not keep; have to5.Tom ________into the house when no one________.A. slipped; was lookingB. had slipped; lookedC. slipped; had lookedD. was slipping;looked6.The students________ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ________ in theoffice.A. had written; leftB. were writing; has leftC. had written; had leftD. were writing; had left7.We are proud of the achievements we ________since liberation.A. madeB. have madeC. makeD. will make8.He says he ________ the book several times in the past few years.A. has readB. had readC. readD. reads9.The egg must be bad. It ________off a terrible smell.A. was givingB. gaveC. is givingD. is given10.The telephone ________for two minutes before it was answered.A. has rungB. has been ringingC. had been ringingD. rings11.I ________to Beijing only once before.A. wentB. have goneC. have beenD. was12.— When are you going to meet him?— As soon as I ________my dinner.A. will finishB. finishC. am going to finishD. finishes13.By the end of last week we ________the task ahead of time.A. completedB. have completedC. was completingD. had completed14.This time tomorrow I ________to Shanghai.A. will flyB. would flyC. am going to flyD. will be flying15.I can’t go swimming because I ________my leg.A. brokeB. had brokenC. have brokenD. have been broken16.I’m sorry but I ________that you ________a diary.A. don’t notice; are writingB. don’t notice; have writingC. didn’t notice; wroteD. didn’t notice; were writing17.I didn’t know you ________your raincoat here when you ________to see me the other day.A. had left; had comeB. had left; cameC. left; cameD. left; were coming18.________ be careful when ________your homework.A. Do; doingB. Do; doC. To; doingD. To; do19.— Are you going to the meeting?— No, the meeting ________until next Monday.A. will be put offB. has been put offC. will put offD. has put off20.He insisted that he ________ in good health.A. wasB. beC. isD. was being21.If the doctor ________an hour earlier, the boy would have been saved.A. cameB. could comeC. should comeD. had come22.— What do you think ________to her?— She must have lost the ticket.A. happenedB. had happenedC. will happenD. happens23.Don’t be angry, ________you?A. willB. won’tC. doD. don’t24.I don’t know where he is. I might know now where he ________ had I arrived here a littleearlier.A. wasB. isC. should beD. must be25.He wrote to me ________that he ________ to see me in July.A. said; would comeB. said; will comeC. saying; would comeD. saying; will come26.I’ll write to you as soon as I ________.A. arriveB. will arriveC. am going to arriveD. am arriving27.No sooner ________down ________the doorbell rang.A. had I sat; whenB. did I sat; thanC. I had sat; beforeD. had I sat; than28.________this Street and you ________there.A. Followed; will getB. Following; getC. Follow; will getD. Follow; get29.If she doesn’t visit the doctor, ________.A. neither will heB. neither won’t heC. nor does heD. nor doesn’t he30.No one ________out the cause of the trouble in the machines until yesterday.A. has foundB. was findingC. had foundD. would find31.I won’t believe you until I ________you sing the song with my own eyes.A. heardB. will hearC. have heardD. had heard。

初高中衔接英语语法讲义及专项习题集（共12个专题 79页附答案）目录专题一：名词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题二：形容词、副词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题三：动词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题四：数词、冠词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题五：代词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题六：介词、连词考点集汇，讲解和训练专题七：英语句子的考点集汇，讲解和训练专题八：宾语从句考点集汇，讲解和训练专题九：状语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练专题十：定语从句的考点集汇，讲解和训练专题十一：主谓一致的考点集汇，讲解和训练专题十二：短语动词和句型的考点集汇，讲解和训练练习（一）完型专练练习（二）阅读专练✧初中英语语法大全语法网络图✧专题一名词1、名词的种类：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法1 一般情况在词尾加-s2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es加-s4 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es5 以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专tomato-tomatoespiano-pianos, photo-pho tos, auto-autos,kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可7 以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s8 以-th结尾的名词加-s例词man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-gees e,mouse-micelooks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜)Ameri cans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes,Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese结尾的English men, Frenchwomen8名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

初升高知识衔接英语答案一、词汇题1. 根据题目所给的中文意思，选择正确的英文单词。

- 快乐：happiness- 机会：opportunity- 观点：viewpoint- 环境：environment- 教育：education2. 根据题目所给的英文单词，写出其对应的中文意思。

- Progress：进步- Challenge：挑战- Experience：经验- Responsibility：责任- Achievement：成就二、语法题1. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。

- She is one of the most talented (talent) students in our class.- The excitement (excite) of the game was palpable.- He has a strong (strong) sense of responsibility (responsible).- They have made a significant (significance) contribution to the project.2. 改错。

- The book is written by a famous writer. (No change needed)- I have been to the museum twice. (No change needed)- They are going to have a meeting tomorrow. (No change needed)- She is good at playing the piano. (No change needed)三、阅读理解阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。

Passage 1: The Importance of Learning EnglishEnglish is the most widely spoken language in the world. Itis used as a second language in many countries and is the official language of international communication. Learning English opens up many opportunities for personal and professional growth.1. Why is English important?- English is important because it is the most widely spoken language and is used for international communication.2. What opportunities does learning English provide?- Learning English provides opportunities for personal and professional growth.Passage 2: The Benefits of TravelingTraveling is a great way to learn about different culturesand broaden one's horizons. It can also help to improve language skills and foster a greater appreciation for the world.1. What can traveling teach you?- Traveling can teach you about different cultures and broaden your horizons.2. How can traveling improve language skills?- Traveling can improve language skills by providing exposure to native speakers and real-life language use.四、完形填空阅读下面的短文，从括号内选择合适的选项填入空白处。

__________月_________日星期__________天气______________ 完成时间：_________分钟初高中英语衔接练习一、词汇运用（每空限填一词）1. Casual shoes are (在那边). Please put them on before you enter.2. Drivers must (等待) their turns when the traffic light is red.3. Liu Fang’s father is going to Shanghai (出差). He’ll stay there for two weeks.4. I (听说) the film Titanic before, but I haven’t seen it.5. He ran so fast that we couldn’t __________ ___________ _________ him.他跑得很快，我们跟不上他。

二、单项选择题1. He is very kind, and he’d like to help ________people.A. richB. homelessC. happy2. I can’t go ________because I have to go home at once.A. else anywhereB. anywhere elseC. else nowhere3. I hope to go to Mexico. I love places __________the people are really friendly.A. thatB. whereC. who4. Spring Festival is coming. I’ll _________up my room. I don’t want to live in a dirty place.A. cleanB. cheerC. turn5. Why not ________ Paris? I think it’s the place to be.A. consider to visitB. consider visitingC. considering visiting6. I don’t know _________ kind of volunteer work I can do.A. howB. whatC. who7. Not only _____good about helping other people, but ____to spend time doing what I love to do.A. I do feel , I getB. do I feel , get IC. do I feel, I get8. I’d like to travel __________the jungle, because I like ___________vacation.A. through, excitedB. thought , excitingC. through, exciting9. He rushed into the fire to save the child________ it was dangerous for him to do so.A. unlessB. thoughC. because10. ---When __________this kind of computer ___________?---Last year.A. did , useB. is , usedC. was , used11. Paris doesn’t have any beaches __________mountains.A. orB. andC. but12. ---Could you help me put up the signs on the wall?---__________.A. No problemB. I hope soC. That’s all right13. It’s hard to say who will _________ the match in the end. They are neck and neck.A. winB. beatC. fight14. ---How long will you _________?---Two weeks.A. leaveB. be awayC. go15. You will fail the exam __________you study hard.A. ifB. as soon asC. unless16. ---Does your sister _________lots of money on her clothes?---Yes, she does.A. spendB. costC. take17. She _______after her mother. She is similar __________her.A. looks, toB. takes, toC. takes , as18. In the 17th century, Western people __________coffee __________tea.A.prefer,toB. preferred, thanC. preferred, to19. The young ___________has over twenty__________.A. inventor , inventorsB. invention , inventionsC. inventor , inventions20. My brother is only four years old. He is not __________to go to school.A. young enoughB. old enoughC. too young三、完形填空We know that trees are useful in our everyday life. They 1 us many things, such as wood, oxygen, rubber, medicines and many other things. They can 2 tell us a lot about our climate. The followingare the reasons. If you 3 a tree, you can see that it has many rings（年轮）. Most trees grow onenew ring 4 year. Because of this reason, we know 5 a tree is. A tree over a hundred years old means that it has more than a hundred 6 . When the climate is dry or very cold, the trees do not grow very much and their rings are usually 7 . When it is wet and warm, the rings are much thicker. If the rings are suddenly very thin or suddenly very thick, this means that the climate 8 suddenly. If we look at the rings on this tree, we can learn about the 9 for a hundred years. We can see 10 our climate is changing today.1. A. tell B. get C. give2. A. also B. either C. too3. A. cut down B. climb up C. walk past4. A. many B. every C. the first5. A. how big B. how long C. how old6. A. trees B. leaves C. rings7. A. big B. thin C. small8. A. changed B. kept C. lost9. A. people B. things C. climate10. A. how B. why C. when四、阅读理解ALofton is a little village not far from Manchester. Like many other villages near towns or cities, it is clean and quiet. Not many families live there, so the people all know each other. Most of them are polite and helpful. Though their homes are in Lofton, many people have jobs in Manchester. Some work in thebig factories. A few work in shops or offices. Most of these people go to work by train. It usually takes them about an hour to get from Lofton to Manchester.1. The people in Lofton know each other well because _______.A. it is not far from ManchesterB. not many people live thereC. they are polite and helpful2. Many people in Lofton work ________.A. in ManchesterB. in small factoriesC. on the trainBMr and Mrs Taylor has a seven-year-old boy whose name is Pat. Mrs Taylor hopes to have another child. Pat has seen babies in other people's houses and doesn't like them very much. So he's not glad about that.One evening Mrs Taylor said to her husband, “This house won't be big enough for us all when the baby comes.”Pat came into the room just then and said, “What are you talking about?” “We were saying that we'll have to move to another house now because the new baby will come,” his mother answered.“It's no use,” said Pat hopelessly. “He'll follow us there.”3. Pat is _______.A. a new babyB. the son of Mr and Mrs TaylorC. Mr Taylor's younger brother4. Pat is not glad because _______.A. he doesn't like his parentsB. the new baby is not lovelyC. his parents will have a new baby soon5. Why do Mr and Mrs Taylor want to move to another house?A. Because the house is too old.B. Because the house will be too small for the family.C. Because Pat doesn't like the house.CTom was eight years old. He was a good boy. But he could not get up early. He slept until nine or ten o’clock in the morning. He was often late for school.Tom’s mother didn’t want him to be late for school. So she bought him an alarm clock. She said to Tom, “You must get up when you hear the clock ring.”“Yes, Mum,” said Tom. After that Tom got up at seven thirty when he heard the clock ring.One day his mother forgot to make the clock get ready to ring. And the next morning Tom didn’t get up at seven thirty. It was time for breakfast. Mother went to see him. Tom was in bed and his eyes were open.“Why didn’t you get up?” Mother was angry.“You told me to get up when I heard the clock ring. So I am waiting for the bell.”6. Tom was a _________ .A. teacherB. studentC. worker7. Tom’s mother bought him a clock because _________ .A. he couldn’t get up on timeB. it was very beautifulC. it was Tom’s birthday that day8. The clock rang at _______ .A. 6:30B. 7:00C. 7:309. What happened that day?A. The clock was broken.B. Tom was ill.C. The clock didn’t ring.10. Tom didn’t get up on time that day because he ________ .A. was waiting for the bell in bedB. didn’t want to go to schoolC. didn’t want to have breakfastDThere are few families in the United States that do not have either a radio or television set. Both of them have become a necessary part of our daily life, keeping us filled with the news of the day, teaching us in many fields of interest, and making us happy with singing, dancing and acting.Marconl, the Italian inventor, who gave us the radio, probably didn’t kno w how much his great invention would have done for the world in the years to come. Radio had, perhaps, done as much as any other communication tool. Things of the world can be reported to people everywhere a few seconds after they happen. Travelers in out-of–the–way places, ships at sea even astronauts round the earth are able to keep in touch with each other by radio.Television is another important invention. It lets us see as well as hear the actor. Since its appearance, TV has done a great deal in the daily life of people everywhere. Many programs are now televised in color.Perhaps the most modern invention is “Telstar”, a “star” moving round the earth. It makes it possible for the people all over the world to be closer than ever before. Now a family in Chicago can watch on TV a motor–car race in Italy, a table tennis competition in Beijing or a volleyball match in Japan as these events are actually happening!11. The passage tells us that ______ in the U.S.A. have no radio or television set.A. a large number of homesB. a small number of familiesC. quite a few homes12. Why does the passage say radio and TV have become a necessary part of our daily life?A. Because they have touched nearly everything in our life.B. Because men would not live happily without them.C. Because they are the only ways to spread information.13. What is the use of a “Telstar” according to the passage?A. To move around the earth just like the moon.B. To give light onto the earth at night.C. To help broadcast radio or TV information to the world.14. Who do you think the writer of the passage is?A. An Italian.B. A Japanese.C. An American.15. When the writer introduces Marconl in the second paragraph, he means ______.A. he was just an Italian inventorB. his invention has done much for the worldC. he had reported much to people all over the world初高中英语衔接练习参考答案一、词汇运用1. over there2. wait for3. on business4. heard of / about5. catch up with二、选择题：1-5 BBBAB 6-10 BCCBC 11-15 AAABC 16-20 ABCCB三、完形填空1- 5 CAABC 6-10 CBACA四、阅读理解A篇BAB篇BCBC篇BACCAD篇BACCB。

初高语法衔接专题一十大词类一、名词（n.）1.定义：表示人或事物名称的词叫名词。

e.g. Tom, scientist, doctor, feeling, Internet, Shanghai, animal2.名词的句法功能1) The book is well worth reading.2) He knew 6 languages.3) They elected him monitor.4) Is it a color TV?5) I watch a football match last night.二、代词（pron.）1.定义：代词是代替名词的词。

英语的代词按照其不同的含义与作用可分为9类：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，相互代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词，关系代词。

2.分类单数复数1）人称代词主格：I, you, he, she, it we, you, they宾格：me, you, him, her, it us, you, them2）物主代词形容词：my, your, his, her, its our, your, their名词：mine, your, his, hers, its ours, yours, theirs3)反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselvesitself4)指示代词this, that these, those5)相互代词宾格: each other, one another所有格：each other’s, one another’s6)不定代词可数：each, one, many, (a) few, both, another, either, neither不可数：much, (a) little可数/不可数：all, some, none, such, any, other复合不定代词：anybody, anyone, anything, somebody, someone, something, nobody,nothing, everybody, everyone, everything7)疑问代词：who, whom, whose, which, what8)连接代词：who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ver), which(ever), what(ever)9)关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as三、形容词（adj.）1.定义：形容词用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质和特征，在句中可作：定语、表语、补语或状语。