Allusion英语修辞 ppt课件

一、Figure of Emphasis强调修辞1.Repetition 重复1.1. Immediate Repetition连续重复Scrooge went to bed again, and thought, and thought, and thought it over and over, and could make nothing of it.1.2. Intermittent repetition间隔重复When Della had finished crying, she went to the window and looked out sadly at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard.1.2.1.Anaphora 首语重复Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal.1.2.2.Epiphora 尾语重复… and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people.1.2.3.Simploce/ Epidiplosis首尾重复( a combination of anaphora and epiphora)Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death1.2.4.Anadiplosis 联珠/顶真/尾首反复运用顶真修辞手法，不但能使句子结构整齐，语气贯通，而且能突出事物之间环环相扣的有机联系。

精品文档Lesson 1 Pub Talk and the King's English1. Alliterationthe King's English slips and slides (Para. 18)2. Allusions 暗指，引喻--musketeers of Dumas (Para. 3)--descendants of convicts (Para. 7)--Saxon churls (Para. 8)--Norman conquerors (Para. 8)3. ExaggerationPerhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a charmof its own. (Para. 3)4. Metaphor1. No one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. (Para.2)2. They got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. (Para. 3)3. Suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place (Para. 4)4. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. (Para. 6)5. The conversation was on wings. (Para. 8)6. We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. (Para. 11)7. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to theends of the earth. (Para. 14)8. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. (Para. 17)9. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King's English slips and slides inconversation. (Para. 18)10. “the sinister corridor of our age…”(Para. 18)11. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. (Para.20)12. We would never have gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. (Para.20)5. Simile1. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's…(Para. 3)2. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,…(Para. 14)Lesson 2 MarrakechSimile1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (Para. 2)2. ,…sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. (Para. 8)3. …where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. (Para. 18)4. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls (Para. 18)5. …their feet squashed into boots that looked like blocks of wood…(Para. 23)6. ,…glittering like scraps of paper. (Para. 26)Metaphor精品文档．精品文档1. They rise out of the earth, …(Para. 3)2. Down the center of the street there is generally running a little river of urine. (Para. 8)Alliterationsweat and starve (Para. 3)Transferred Epithet--there was a frenzied rush of Jews (Para. 10)Onomatopoeia, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels (Para. 22)Synecdoche1. a white skin is always fairly conspicuous (Para. 16)2. , actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. (Para. 24)Rhetorical Question1. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of differentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects? (Para. 3)2. How much longer can we go one kidding these people? How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? (Para. 25)UnderstatementI am not commenting, merely pointing to a fact. (Para. 21)Lesson 3 Inaugural Address (January 20, 1961) Parallelism…, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. (Para. 1)Paras. 6, 7, 8, 10, 11Alliteration1. …friend and foe alike…(Para. 3)2. to assure the survival and the success of liberty. (Para. 4)3. steady spread (Para. 13)4. …bear the burden…(Para. 22)5. …strength and sacrifice…(Para.26)Metaphor1.…those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (Para. 7)2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (Para. 9)3. this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (Para. 9)4. to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak…(Para. 10)5. And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion…(Para. 19)6. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and allwho serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. (Para. 24)Consonance…, whether it wishes us well or ill,…(Para. 4)Synecdoche…both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom….(Para. 13)Antithesis1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little wecan do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. (Para. 6)精品文档．精品文档2. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (Para.8)3. And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. (Para. 25)Repetitionall forms of (Para. 2)the belief (Para. 2)Regression1. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate. (Para. 14)2. And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. (Para. 25)Allusionone hundred days (Para. 20)ClimaxAll this will not be finished in the first one hundred days. Nor will it be finished in the first one this on perhaps in our lifetime the nor in life of this Administration, nor even thousand days,planet. (Para. 20)Hyperbolehour of maximum danger (Para. 24)Lesson 4 Love is a FallacyMetaphorthe informal essay with.... “Dream's Children”. (Author's Note) 1. Charles Lamb, unfettered. (Author's Note) 2. There follows an informal essay....frontier beauty, thing, full of pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing 3. Logic, far from being a dry,passion, and trauma. (Author's Note)4. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (Para. 17)5. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (Para. 31)6. I fought off a wave of despair. (Para. 76)Maybe smoldered. a few embers still the Maybe somewhere in extinct crater of her mind, 7.somehow I could fan them into flame. (Para. 95)8. The next fallacy is called Poisoning the Well. (Para. 112)poisoned the well before anybody could drink from it. He has hamstrung his 9.”The first man hasopponent before he could even start.”(Para. 116)10. The rat! (Para. 148)Similea as penetrating as chemist's as powerful as as a dynamo, precise as a scale, was My 1. brainscalpel. (Para. 1)2. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (Para. 2)3. First he looked at the coat with the expression of a waif at a bakery window. (Para. 47)4. He looked like a mound of dead raccoons. (Para. 54)5. ...the raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. (Para. 94)6. It was like digging a tunnel. (Para. 120)7. I leaped to my feet, bellowing like a bull. (Para. 144)精品文档．精品文档Antithesis1. “It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful.”(Para. 24)2. “Back and forth his head swiveled，desire waxing, resolution waning.”(Para. 47)3. If there is an irresistible force, there can be no immovable object. If there is an immovableobject, there can be no irresistible force. (Para. 91)4. “Look at me--a brilliant ing from.”(Para. 150)Hyperbole1. Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty,passion, and trauma. (Author's Note)2. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scale, as penetrating as a scalpel. (Para. 1)3. It's not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (Para. 2)4. Finally he didn't turn away at all; he just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. (Para. 47)5. You are the whole world…of outer space (Para. 132)6. “I will wander the face of the earth, a shambling, hollow-eyed hulk.”(Para. 132) Metonymy1. But I was not one to let my heart rule my head. (Para. 20)2. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. (Para. 70)3. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker. (Para. 79)LitotesThis loomed as a project of no small dimensions. (Para. 58)SynecdocheThere is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (Para. 112)AnalogyJust as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, so I loved mine. (Para. 122)Transferred EpithetI said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. (Para. 37)Rhetorical QuestionCould Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? (Authors' Note)“Really?”said Polly, amazed. “Nobody?”(Para. 73)Who knew? (Para. 95)Lesson 5 The Sad Y oung MenMetaphor:1. …we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality…(Para. 2)2. battle for success (Para. 3)3. And like most escapist sprees, this one lasted until the money ran out, until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to a halt and forced the revelersto sober up and face the problems of the new age. (Para. 4)4. …once the young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare. (Para. 6)5. …they had outgrown town and families (Para. 6)6. …in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country (Para. 6)精品文档．精品文档7. …to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth”(Para. 8)8. …now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.(Para. 8)9. …was the rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with America. (Para. 9)10. …but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar,…(Para. 9)Personification:…the country was blind and deaf to everything…dollar…. (Para. 9)Metonymy:1. …our young men began to enlist under foreign flags. (Para. 5)2. Greenwich Village set the pattern. (Para. 7)3. …their minds and pens inflamed against war,…(Para. 7)4. …to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of “flaming youth”(Para. 8)5. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit…(Para. 8)6. …but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar,…(Para. 9)Transferred epithet:The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curiousquestionings by the young…(Para. 11)Simile:The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure…(Para. 3)精品文档．。