主谓结构
说明：此结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如，The sun rises.
1. 主语可有修饰语--- 定语，如，The red sun rises.
2. 谓语可有修饰语--- 状语，如，The red sun rises in the east. 翻译练习：1．你应当努力学习。
2．她昨天回家很晚。3．那天早上我们谈了很多。
4．会议将持续两个小时。5．在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。6．这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。
7．1919 年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。8．每天八时开始上课。
9．这个盒子重五公斤。
10．五年前我住在北京。
11．爱丽丝很会游泳。
12．约翰的父亲昨晚去世了。
13．秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。
14．我的爷爷早晨起得很早。
15．每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。参考答案：
1．You should study hard.
2．She went home very late yesterday evening. 3．That morning we talked a great deal.
4．The meeting will last two hours.
5．Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 6．Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.
7．The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 8．Classes begin at eight every day.
9．This box weighs five kilos.
10．I lived in Beijing five years ago.
11．Alice swims very well.
12．John's father died last night.
13．In autumn, some birds fly to the south.
14．My grandfather gets up early in the morning.
15．Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books. 主
系表结构
说明：
此结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。系动词有
（1）表示特征和存在状态的be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound. （2）表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand.
（3）表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow. 翻译练习：1．我的兄弟都是大学生。
2．冬季白天短，夜晚长。3．布朗夫人看起来很健康。
4．十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。5．孩子们，请保持安静。
6．这本书是有关美国历史的书。7．她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。
8．他失业了。9．树叶已经变黄了。
10．这个报告听起来很有意思。
参考答案：
1．My brothers are all college students.
2．In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.
3．Mrs. Brown looks very healthy.
4．At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.
5．Children, keep quiet please.
6．This book is about the history of the United States.
7．Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.
8．He is out of work.
9．The leaves have turned yellow.
10．The report sounds interesting.
主谓宾结构（一）
说明：
此结构是由主语+谓语+宾语够成。其中的谓语动词须是及物的动词或及物的动词词组。宾语须是名词或相当于名词的成分。
翻译练习：1．昨晚我写了一封信。
2．今天下午我想同你谈谈。
3．这本书他读过多次了。
4．他们成功地完成了计划。5．你们必须在两周内看完这些书。
6．那位先生能流利地说三种语言。7．我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。
8．Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。
9．我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。
10．他不知道说什么好。
11．他每天早晨洗冷水澡。
12．我开窗户你在意吗？
参考答案：
1. I wrote a letter last night.
2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.
3. He has read this book many times.
4. They have carried out the plan successfully.
5. You must finish reading these books in two weeks.
6. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.
7. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.
8. Jim cannot dress himself.
9. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.
10. He did not know what to say.
11. He takes a cold bath every morning.
