Ameigo雅思200组英语词汇辨析

雅思阅读高频词汇解析List11.random (adj./n.) 随便（的），随机（的）2.secondary (adj.) 中等教育的，第二期的，继发的，次要的elementary (adj.) 基础的，简单的tertiary (adj.) 第三的，第三级的3.accidentally = by chance 偶然的4.seal (v.) 封住5.hazardous (adj.) 危险的，危害的dangerous6.resemble (v.) 像= look like/doc/16fe69d29cc3d5bbfd0a79563c1ec5da 51e2d641.html itary (adj.) 军事的army →battlefield/ battlegroundmimic8.copy (v./n.) 复制→ duplicate→ reproduce→ imitate→9.deadly (adj.) 致命的le thal →fatal10. expose (v.) 暴露，揭露→exposure(n.)11. toxic = poisonous (adj.) 有毒的→ toxin (n.) = poison12. waterproof (adj.) 防水的earthquake-resistant houses 防震房子wear-resistant shoes耐穿的鞋13. identical =exactly alike →identify 识别，认出→recognize→distinguish→ident ity 身份，特性，特色适应…14. adapt 1) adapt to…2) adapt sth. 调整→adaptation (n.) 适应，适合，改编物→adaptable (adj.) 适应性强的15. innovation (n.) 创新，革新→innovate (v.)→innovative (adj.)16. antiafterglow 防复燃的→anti- againste.g.: anti-freeze 防冻液anti-pollution laws 反污染法17. novel (adj.) 新颖的18. preserve (v.) 保护→ preservation (n.)→ conserve (v.) 保存，保护→ conservation (n.)19. persistent (adj.) 坚持的，持续的20. previous (adj.) 先的，以前的21. original (adj.) 最初的，最早的，独创的= first→originally (adv.) = at the beginningorigin(n.) 起源，起因，由来，出身originate (v.) 发源，发生，创始→initially(adv.) initial (adj.)开始的，最初的initiate(v.) 开始，创始，发动initiative (n.) 始创，主动22. arise (v.) 出现，发生→ emerge (v.) = appear23. commitment (n.) 承担义务，许诺→commit(v.) 犯（错误，罪行），致力于24. unrealistic (adj.) 不现实的→realistic 现实的25. underestimate (n.) 低估→under- : not enough→underuse使用不足understaffed 员工不足→over- : too much→overestimate 高估overdose过量用药over-stimulate 过度刺激26. assume (v.) 假定，设想，假设→assumption (n.)→ presume (v.) presumption (n.) presumably (adv.)27. criterion = standard (n.) 标准→criteria (复数)28. notorious (adj.) 臭名昭著的，声名狼藉的→notoriety (n.)29. complete (adj.) 完整的，全部的intact30. optimistic (adj.) 乐观的→optimism (n.)→pessimistic (adj.) 悲观的pessimism (n.)31. approximately = about 大约32. objective (adj. 客观的n.目的)33. impartial (adj.) 公正的→反义biased34.architecture (n.) 建筑学，建筑风格，建筑式样→ architect (n.) 建筑师，设计师architectural (adj.) 建筑学的，建筑的35. coexistence (n.) 共存→coexist→co- : together, with→ cooperate合作collaborate合作correlation共同联系36. economical (adj.) 经济的，节约的37. originate (v.) 发源，发生，创始→origin (n.) 起源，起因，由来，出身original (adj.) 最初的，最早的，独创的38. virtually (adv.)=almost 几乎39. distinct : different 不同的→ distinctive与众不同的，有特色的40. systematic (adj.) 系统的41. categorise (v.) 归类classify (v.)42. genetic (adj.) 基因的→gene (n.) 基因43. automatically (adv.) 自动的→ automatic (adj.)→-auto-: self→ autono my= independence （n.）自治，独立autonomous =independent (adj.) 自治的，独立的44. stroke / a blood clot in the brain 血栓45. . paralysis(n.) 瘫痪→paralyze (v.)46. reverse (v. 颠倒，改变，倒转，使反向adj. 颠倒的，相反的) →invert (v.) 颠倒，倒转→conversely= on the contrary48. evolution (n.) 进化，演化→ evolve (v.)49. secrete (v.) 分泌50. hormone (n.) 荷尔蒙→hormonal (adj.)List 21. male (adj.男性的n. 男性)→反义female2. reinforce (v.) 增援，加强→reinforcement (n.)3. subliminally (adv.) 下意识→subconscious(adj.)下意识→sub- : under在…之下, smaller更小的, less than 低于，亚于e.g.: submarine 潜水艇submerge淹没sub-region分区sub-health亚健康4. prejudice (v. n. ) 歧视，偏见→bias (v. n. ) 偏见，倾向性，偏爱eg: a bias against 反对a bias towards 支持5. feature (n.)→characteristic (n. 特点adj.典型的)6. undergo (v.) 经历，遭受，忍受7. migratory (adj.) 迁移的→ migrate (v.) migration (n.)8. up to 高达…（强调多)→反义down to→ more than 多于…（强调多)at least 至少….( 强调多)9. extension (n.) 延伸→ extend (v.) extensive (adj.)10. temporary (adj.) 临时的，暂时的→contemporary (adj.) 当代的，同时代的11.frame (n.) 构架，框12.insert (v.)13.extract (v.) 分离，提取14. tranquil = quiet (adj.) 安静的→tranquility (n.)15. reject (v.) 抛弃，拒绝近：refuse16. spin (v.) 旋转→rotate (v.) 旋转17. on the face of 表面看来18. considerable (adj.) 相当大（多）的→substantial (adj.)19. account for 解释，说明20. apply (vt.)..(to) 应用…于→ apply (to) (vi.)适用于→ apply for 申请→ application (n.)21. characteristic (n.) 特点(adj.) 典型的22. concept (n.) 概念，观念，想法→conception (n.)概念，观念，想法→conceive (v.) 构想，想到，考虑→ perceive 察觉，发觉，理解→ perception (n.) 观念，概念，洞察力，直觉23. definition (n.) 定义→ define (vt.)24. short-term 短期的→反义long-term25.proportion (n.) 比例,比率，部分→ in proportion with/to 成比例，合情理→ out of proportion with/to 不成比例，不合情理26. socialize (v.) 社会化→computerize 电脑化urbanize城市化commercialize 商业化27. provision (n.) 提供，供应→ provide (v.)28. character (n.) 特性，性质29. as opposed to 截然想反，完全不同→oppose (v.) 反对，反抗→ object （v.）反对→be opposed to 反对30. anticipation (n.) = expectation 期望→anticipate (v.)= expect31. sustain (v.) 持续，维持→sustainable (adj.) 可持续的→retain 保持，保留32. → retain 保持，保留reinforce (v.) 增援，加强→reinforcement (n.)33. tend to 倾向于，趋势→tendency (n.) 趋势→ be prone to 有…倾向34. feature (n.) 特点，特征→ character → characteristic35. recapture (v.) 回忆→re- : again, back e.g.: reassess 重新评估revert 回复36. subject (n.) 主题，科目(discipline)，受实验者(vt.) 使受到，使遭遇37. pseudo- : false 假的e.g.: pseudonym 假名pseudo-event→inauthentic (adj.) 假的→artificial (adj.)人造的，假的artificiality (n.)38. generate （v.）发生，产生→generation （n.）→generator 发电机，发生器39. constitute (v.) 构成→make up →account for40. object (n.) 物，物体,目的，目标（v.）反对，不喜欢→ objection (n.) 反对41. distinction (n.) 差别= difference→distinct 明显的，区分的→distinctive →distinguish （v.）区分42. in accordance with = according to 根据42. justify (v.) 证明…是正当的，为…辩护→justification (n.)43. alternative (adj.) 可替换的（n.）二选一，抉择，抉择44.versus (prep.) 对抗Vs45.enhance (v.) 增加，美化46.provenance 起源1）origin 2）derivation47. vibrant 振动的，有活力的1）vigorous 2）lively48. up-to-date 最新的1）advanced 2）contemporary 3）current 4）modern49. discreetly 小心谨慎地1）carefully2）cautiously3）considerately4）prudently5）thoughtfully50. related 有关联的1）associated 2）link 3）allied4）affiliated5）connectedList 31.transform vt.转换, 改变1）alter 2）modify 3）convert 4) revise2. vital adj. 极为重要的1）important 2）main 3) crucial4) essential 5) significant 6) major3. prevent vt.阻止1) thwart 2) hinder 3) forbid4) deter 5) inhibit 6) prohibit 7) block4. reveal vt.揭示，展示1）demonstrate2）disclose3）display4）exhibit 5）expose 6）manifest 7）present反义词：conceal vt.隐匿，隐藏5. convey vt.搬运，传达1）transmit 2）communicate 3）deliver4）inform 5）transfer 6）transport6. detect vt.发觉，侦查find 1）discover 2）perceive 3）recognize7. dismantle vt.拆除1）demolish 2）disassemble 3）take apart 4）wreck8. conventional adj.惯例的，常规的，传统的1）traditional 2）customary3）established 4）accepted9. submerge vt.淹1) immerse 2）inundate 3）sink10. consist of v. phr. 由……组成1）comprise 2）include 3) be made up of11. extreme adj.极端的，尽头的1）drastic2）exaggerated 3）excessive4）radical 5）terminal12. escape vi.逃脱1）evade2）flee 3）get away13. complex adj.复杂的1）complicated 2）confused14. complete (adj.) 完善的，完整的v. 完成incomplete adj.不完整的deplete vt. 减少15, massive adj.大块的large-scale大规模1）clumsy 2）coarse16. commercial adj.商业的1）mercantile17. consume vt.消耗，消费exhaust vt. 使。

雅思分类词汇：化妆品makeup（粉底）mask（面膜）mascara（睫毛膏）milk （乳）moisturisor （保湿面霜 )mult- （多元）nail color（指甲油）nail enamel（指甲油）nail polish （指甲油）nail saver（保甲液）normal （中性皮肤）nutritious （滋养）oil-control （抑制油脂）oily （油性皮肤）pack（剝撕式面膜）peeling（敷面剝落式面膜）pressed powder（粉饼）purify （清洁用）quick dry（快干）remover （去除、卸妝）repair（修保）revitalite （活化）scrub（磨砂式 (去角质 )）sensitive（敏感性皮肤）shading powder（修容饼）solvent（溶解）spot（青春痘用）sun block （防晒用）toning lotion （化妝水）trentment （修护）wash（洗）waterproof （防水）-white- （美白用）acne（青春痘用品）active（賦活用）after sun（日晒后用品）alcohol-free （无酒精）anti- （抗、防）anti-wrinkle （抗老防皱）balancing（平衡酸碱）blusher（腮紅）clean-（清洁用）combination （混合性皮肤）correct（遮瑕膏）cream（霜）day（日间用）dry（干性皮肤）essence(精华液）exfoliator （去角质）eye gel（眼胶）eye mask（眼膜）eye shadow（眼影）eyeliner（眼线 (笔、刷 )）facial （脸部用）fast dry （快干）firm （紧肤）foam（泡沫）foundation （粉底）toner（化妝水）gel（胶狀）gentle（温和的）hydra-（保湿用）lip care（护唇用）lip coat（口红弧膜）lipstick （口红）long lasting （持久性）lotion （水、露）loose power（蜜粉）雅思阅读分类词汇 -- 生物 / 生理molecule 分子àmolecularcell àcellularamino àamino acids (氨基酸 )protein 蛋白质enzyme 酶 (proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemicalreactions)catalyst 催化剂chlorophyll叶绿素“ chloro-” :Clphotosynthesis 光合作用(photo + synthesis)photosyntheticàbotany 植物学(＜＞zoology)àbotanist, botanicalflora 植物群fauna 动物群bacterium bacteria (pl.) 细菌fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌algae alga (pl.) 海藻herb àherbal: ~ tea àherbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)carnation 康乃馨àreincarnationfade 凋谢，褪色organism 机体，组织? organarthropod 节肢动物v.s. anthropoid ( ↓)reptile 爬行动物amphibian 两栖动物mammal 哺乳动物(? mamma!)primate 灵长目动物evolution进化(? evolve)anthropoid 类人猿( “ anthrop humankind)~”: anthropology, philanthropyv.s. ape, gorilla,chimpanzeegene 基因 ^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因组 )genetics 学( àgenetical)helix 螺旋，螺旋壮物⋯analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity ’ s DNAidentical同一的~ identity( àID card)^ clonemutation 突gene mutationàmutable, immutable,mutantpredator 捕食者(＜＞prey)embryo 胚胎àembryonic (萌芽的 )roe 子＞＞＞caviar (子 )tadpole 蝌蚪＞＞＞frog, toad (^ told)caterpillar 毛毛虫(cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT)grasshopper 蚱，蝗虫 (= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhop cricket蟋蟀 (另 )板球butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, fireflypollen 花粉粉àpollinate, pollinationhive 蜂房＞＞＞honey, ^ concoctionlarva larvae (pl.) 幼虫 v.s. lavapupa 蛹àpupatepenguin 企 v.s. dolphin ( 海豚 )raccoon 浣熊 v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠 )hibernate 冬眠(=hole up)torpid麻木的，伏的v.s. torpedo (雷 )cerebral （大）的hemisphere 半球(hemi + sphere)cortex 皮migraine 偏疼 ? migrantsomatic 躯体的limb四肢upper/lower limbanatomy 解剖，剖析paralyze 使(=incapacitate, immobilize)artery 脉(＜＞vein)gland 腺体pancreas 胰hormone 荷尔蒙，激素cholesterol 胆固醇efficacy功效v.s. efficiency,effectiveness雅思阅读分类词汇 -- 环境问题conservation 保护，保存(? conserve)v.s. conversation environmentalist = conservationistacid 酸酸的(＜＞ alkali)acid raincarbon碳 (C)v.s. charcoal(炭 )carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide fume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke,fog, smogpetroleum 石油àpetrol (BE)= gasoline/gas (AE) àunleaded petrol/gas ozone 臭氧 (o+ zone)ozone layerooze 渗出渗出物radiation 辐射 ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactivegreenhouse 温室 greenhouse effect/gasessolar 太阳的(solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)phenomenon 现象catastrophe = disaster, cataclysmdeterioration恶化(? deteriorate)extinction灭绝(? extinct)species endangered speciesdrought 干旱(^ “找它”)＞＞＞famine v.s. flooding recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrentinundate 淹没^ “淹掉它”embankment 筑堤(em + bank + ment)sediment 沉（物） = depositdelta 三角洲 the Pearl River Deltaalluvial冲的desertification ? desert (v.s. dessert)dust-storm 沙暴 ^ thunderstorm, brainstormbarren 瘠的，不育的，无效的dune sand dunethe game “ DUNE”!attributable 因于 be attributable to ⋯deforestation 砍伐（森林）de + forest + ation＜＞afforestation/reforestationlog 原木，日志伐木v.s. logovegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarianhabitat 栖息地 ? habit (Habit is the second nature.)ecosystem 生系(eco + system)~ ecologyviability ? viable “ vi ”life: 养育能力 One tool for assessing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.demographic 人口的demo(people) + graph(write) + icinterdependence inter + dependencecounterbalance 使平衡，弥(=offset)counter(against) + balancemechanism 机理，机制precipitation陡降，降水(? precipice) ＜＞evaporationcirculation流通，循tide àtidal wave (海 )＜＞ebb＜＜＜earthquaketyphoon ~ tornado, hurricanemeteorology气象(学)volcano 火山eruption(? erupt)volcanic eruption＞＞＞lavagranite 花岩imminent = impending v.s. eminentCelsius 摄氏的37OCv.s. centigradeFahrenheit 华氏的latitude 纬度 (另) longitude,altitudetropical ? (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zoneglacier 冰川dump 倾倒，倾销àanti-dumpingcontaminate 弄脏( àcontaminant)recycle 回收再利用irreversible不可逆的(= irrevocable)reclaim 开垦，改造àreclamationcontentious 有争议的(? contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious. opt 选择 (+ for)àoptionprioritize优先考虑(? prior,priority)。

雅思考试易混淆单词01. affect / effectAffect只可用于表示影响已存在的事物，而effect则表示影响到某事某物，给其带来了改变。

我们可以说：'It effected a change in his attitude.' 这使他的态度产生了变化。

或者说，'It affected his attitude.' 这影响了他的态度。

不过，我们不能将“影响”和“带来改变”这两种意思结合起来，说成“It affected a change in his attitude”。

▌例句：The bad weather affects my mood.坏天气影响我心情。

The president effected several changes in the company.总裁使公司发生了几个变化。

02. alibi / excuseAlibi表示“某人不在场的证据”，容易与“excuse”（理由、借口）这一宽泛笼统的概念混淆。

▌例句：The police broke her alibi by proving she knew how to shoot a pistol.警方通过她知道如何使用手枪射击来证明案发时她不在现场的辩解不实。

I can't buy his excuse.我不能相信他的借口。

03. alternatives / choicesalternatives通常会错用作“choices”。

如果选择只有两个，则可称之为“alternatives”。

如果选择超过两个，则称之为“choices”。

▌例句：New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers.治疗关节炎的新方法可能会提供一种止痛药的替代品。

Our choices come down to staying here or leaving here.我们的选择实际上就是留下还是离开两条道路。

雅思各类高频词汇及短语雅思各类高频词汇及短语导语：雅思是一种英语能力测试，已经获得很多国家和教育机构认可，成为全球留学及移民类英语测评的领导者。

雅思与考研不同，考研主要考察应试能力、逻辑能力，而雅思主要考察英语口语能力、交流能力。

雅思想拿高分也很有难度，因为雅思对词汇量要求也不低。

今天小编整理了一些雅思高频词汇，希望能帮助到大家!雅思高频形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty -stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的`：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive雅思高频动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert = hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten雅思高频名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazards3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = humane race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任： responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力： ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业： job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子： children = offspring = descendant = kid雅思高频短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事： embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of。

The academic word listSublist 1analyze[ˈænəlaiz] vt.〈美〉分析, 分解, 解释constitute[ˈkɔnstitju:t] vt.构成, 组成建立, 制定选定, 任命establish[isˈtæbliʃ] vt.建立, 成立安置确定, 证实indicate[ˈindikeit] vt.标示, 指示, 指出象征; 表明或暗示…的可能性occur[əˈkə:] vi.发生; 举行; 存在被发现; 想到[起]role[rəul] n.作用, 职责角色approach[əˈprəutʃ] n.靠近, 接近, 临近通路, 入口, 途径方式, 方法vt.接洽, 交涉; 着手处理vt. & vi.接近, 走近, 靠近context[ˈkɔntekst] n.背景, 环境上下文, 语境estimate[ˈestimeit] n.估计, 估价报价判断vt. & vi.估计; 评价, 评估>individual[ˌɪndiˈvidjuəl] adj.个别的, 单独的, 个人的独特的n.个人人percent[pəˈsent] n.百分比,百分数section[ˈsekʃən] n.章节部分部门, 科截面, 剖面地区, 区area[ˈɛəriə] n.面积区域, 地区领域, 方面contract[kənˈtrækt] n.契约, 合同vt.缔结; 订契约vt. & vi.染上(恶习, 疾病等)缩小; 紧缩evident[ˈevidənt] adj.明显的, 明白的interpret[inˈtə:prit] vt.解释; 说明vt. & vi.口译; 翻译period[ˈpiəriəd] n.(一段)时间时期, 时代学时, 课时句号, 句点sector[ˈsektə] n.部门; 领域防御地区, 防卫区域扇形, 扇形面assess[əˈses] vt.估价, 估计评定, 核定create[kriˈeit] vt.创造, 创作, 创建引起, 产生；export[eksˈpɔ:t] n.输出, 出口输出[出口]物vt. & vi.出口, 输出involve[inˈvɔlv] vt.使某事物成为必要条件或结果; 需要使参与, 牵涉policy[ˈpɔləsi] n.政策, 方针策略, 精明的行为, 上策保险单significant[siɡˈnifikənt] adj.重要的, 重大的, 可观的有意义的, 有用意的意味深长的assume[əˈsju:m] vt.假设, 臆断, 猜想假装承担, 担任, 就职呈现, 采取data[ˈdeitə] n.资料, 材料factor[ˈfæktə] n.因素, 要素〈数〉因子, 因数issue[ˈisju:] n.问题, 议题; 争论点发行物放出, 流出; 发出, 发行〈正〉结果, 结局vi.冒出, 流出; 传出vt.出版, 发行发表, 发布分配, 发给principle[ˈprinsəpl] n.原则, 原理准则, 规范操守, 道义工作原理similar[ˈsimilə] adj.类似的; 同类的; 相似的; 同样的authority[ɔ:ˈθɔriti] n.权力, 职权官方, 当局权威, 专家/define[diˈfain] vt.精确地解释; 界定规定, 确定finance[faiˈnæns] n.财政, 金融财源, 资金, 财务情况vt.为…供给资金, 从事金融活动labour[ˈleibə] n.劳动, 努力; 工作劳工, 工人分娩, (分娩时的)阵痛vi.劳动; 努力艰难行进proceed[prəˈsi:d] vi.前进; 行进进行; 继续下去source[sɔ:s] n.河流的源头, 发源地来源, 出处原因提供资料者, 资料来源available[əˈveiləbl] adj.可用的或可得到的可会见的, 可与之交谈的derive[diˈraiv] vt. & vi.得到源于formula[ˈfɔ:mjulə] n.准则, 原则公式, 方程式配方legal[ˈli:ɡəl] adj.法律上的; 合法的; 法定的process[ˈprəuses] n.过程, 进程工序, 制作法vi.列队行进vt.加工; 处理specific[spiˈsifik] adj.明确的, 确切的, 详尽的具体的, 特有的, 特定的仅限于…的; 只发现于…的n.特效药具体方面, 细节$benefit[ˈbenifit] n.益处, 好处救济金, 保险金vt. & vi.有益于, 得益distribute[disˈtribju:t] vt.分配, 分给散发; 散播; 分布function[ˈfʌŋkʃən] n.功能; 作用; 职责函数; 与另一事物有密切关系的事物社交集会vi.工作, 运行, 起作用legislate[ˈledʒisleit] vt. & vi.立法; 制定法律require[riˈkwaiə] vt.有赖于…; 需要命令, 指示要求, 规定想要structure[ˈstrʌktʃə] n.结构, 构造有结构的事物; 复杂的整体; 建筑物vt.组织; 安排; 构造; 制定concept[ˈkɔnsept] n.概念; 观念; 想法economy[iˈkɔnəmi] n.节约, 节省经济体制, 经济状况identify[aiˈdentifai] vt.认出, 识别支持, 同情vt. & vi.等同于; 有关联major[ˈmeidʒə] adj.较大的; 主要的; 严重的n.少校专业; 主修科目vi.〈美〉主修, 专攻research[riˈsə:tʃ] n.研究; 探讨vi.做研究, 探究, 研究, 探讨vt.从事…的研究, 为…而做研究|theory[ˈθiəri] n.学说理论, 原理意见, 看法consist[kənˈsist] vi.组成, 构成在于, 存在于environment[inˈvaiərənmənt] n.环境, 周围状况, 自然环境income[ˈinkəm] n.收入, 所得, 收益method[ˈmeθəd] n.方法, 办法秩序, 条理respond[riˈspɔnd] vi.有反应; 有效果; 有影响vt. & vi.回答; 回报; 响应vary[ˈvɛəri] vi.呈现不同vt. & vi.(使)变化, 改变Sublist 2achieve[əˈtʃi:v] vt.取得, 获得实现, 达到, 完成community[kəˈmju:niti] n.社区, 社会, 团体大众, 公众共有, 共享design[diˈzain] n.图样, 设计图设计, 布局目的, 打算vt.计划, 筹划vt. & vi.设计, 绘制、institute[ˈinstitju:t] n.协会, 学会; 学院, 研究院vt.建立, 制定; 开始, 着手potential[pəˈtenʃəl] adj.潜在的, 有可能的n.潜力, 潜势, 可能性restrict[risˈtrikt] vt.限制; 约束acquire[əˈkwaiə] vt.获得, 得到, 养成complex[ˈkɔmpleks] adj.由许多部分组成的, 复合的复杂的, 难懂的n.综合体, 集合体〈心〉情结, 夸大的情绪反应distinct[disˈtiŋkt] adj.截然不同的, 完全分开的清晰的, 明白的, 明显的invest[inˈvest] vt.授予vt. & vi.投资; 花费previous[ˈpri:viəs] adj.先前的, 以前的过早的, 过急的secure[siˈkjuə] adj.牢固的; 可靠的有把握的; 确切的vt.握紧; 关牢使安全(使)获得; 把…弄到手administer[ədˈministə] vt.管理, 支配给予执行, 实施compute[kəmˈpju:t] vt.计算, 估算!element[ˈelimənt] n.(化学)元素成分, 要素, 原件一伙人基础, 纲要, 原理item[ˈaitəm] n.一项, 一件, 一条; 项目primary[ˈpraiməri] adj.首要的; 主要的; 基本的最初的; 初级的seek[si:k] vi.企图; 试图vt.请求, 征求; 求教vt. & vi.寻找; 探寻affect[əˈfekt] vt.影响感动假装conclude[kənˈklu:d] vt.得出结论; 断定决定vt. & vi.结束equate[iˈkweit] vt.认为某事物(与另一事物)相等或相仿journal[ˈdʒə:nl] n.杂志, 期刊日志, 日记purchase[ˈpə:tʃəs] n.购买, 购置买到的东西vt.购买select[siˈlekt] adj.精选的, 挑选出来的限制性的, 选择严格的vt.选择; 挑选appropriate[əˈprəupriit] adj.适当的, 恰当的vt.挪用; 占用; 盗用拨出(款项)—conduct[kənˈdʌkt] n.举止, 行为管理(方式), 实施(方式) vt. & vi.引导, 带领, 担任指挥控制, 管理传导evaluate[iˈvæljueit] vt.评价, 估计, 估价maintain[meinˈtein] vt.保持; 继续保养, 维护坚持; 主张供给; 赡养range[reindʒ] n.一系列变化幅度, 范围射程, 距离(山)脉vi.变化vt.排列site[sait] n.位置, 场所, 地点vt.使坐落在; 设置aspect[ˈæspekt] n.方面方位, 朝向面貌, 模样, 神态consequent[ˈkɔnsikwənt] adj.作为结果的, 随之发生的feature[ˈfi:tʃə] n.特征, 特色面貌, 相貌特写, 专题节目(电影的)正片, 故事片normal[ˈnɔ:məl] adj.正常的, 平常的正规的; 标准的region[ˈri:dʒən] n.地区; 地带; 区域; 范围strategy[ˈstrætidʒi] n.战略学, 兵法战略, 策略策略, 计谋-assist[əˈsist] vt. & vi.帮助, 促进construct[kənˈstrʌkt] vt.修建, 建立构成, 组成final[ˈfainəl] adj.最后的, 最终的决定性的, 确定性的n.决赛(大学的)期终考试obtain[əbˈtein] vi.通行; 流行vt.获得, 得到; 买到regulate[ˈreɡjuleit] vt.控制, 管理调整; 调节survey[səˈvei] n.调查vt.眺望; 纵览测量; 勘察检查, 鉴定通盘考虑, 回顾category[ˈkætiɡəri] n.种类, 类别consume[kənˈsju:m] vt.消耗, 消费, 耗尽大吃, 大喝烧毁, 毁灭focus[ˈfəukəs] n.焦点, 焦距; 中心vt. & vi.(使)集中, (使)聚集调整(镜头, 眼睛)焦点[焦距]以便看清participate[pɑ:ˈtisipeit] vt. & vi.参加, 参与relevant[ˈreləvənt] adj.有关的, 切题的#text[tekst] n.正文, 本文原文, 全文教科书, 课本chapter[ˈtʃæptə] n.章, 回, 篇credit[ˈkredit] n.赊购; 赊购制度存款; 存款数额借款; 贷款赞扬, 荣誉, 功劳信任, 相信学分vt.相信, 信任把…记入贷方, 存入(账户)impact[ˈimpækt] n.影响, 作用冲击(力), 碰撞vt. & vi.对某事物有影响perceive[pəˈsi:v] vt.感觉, 察觉, 理解reside[riˈzaid] vi.居住; 定居tradition[trəˈdiʃən] n.传统惯例commission[kəˈmiʃən] n.授权, 委托委员会佣金, 回扣vt.委任, 委托culture[ˈkʌltʃə] n.文化休养, 教养, 精神文明养殖, 培养, 栽培vt.培植, 培养injure[ˈindʒə] vt.伤害, 损害positive[ˈpɔzitiv] adj.确实的, 明确的积极的; 肯定的表现得有信心和有希望的, 确信的〈数〉〈电〉正的, 阳性的完全的; 纯粹的n.〈语〉原级形容词确实; 正量, 正数正片…resource[riˈsɔ:s] n.资源(必要时可给予)帮助、支持或安慰的事物才智; 机敏; 创造精神transfer[trænsˈfə:] n.转移; 转让; 转录中转, 换乘, 改变路线vt.转让vt. & vi.转移; 迁移Sublist 3alternative[ɔ:lˈtə:nətiv] adj.两者择一的, 供替代的不寻常的, 非传统性的非正统的n.取舍, 抉择, 可供选择的事物选择的余地, 可供选择的机会convene[kənˈvi:n] vt. & vi.召开, 召集emphasis[ˈemfəsis] n.强调, 重点interact[ˌɪntərˈækt] vi.相互作用[影响], 互相配合philosophy[fiˈlɔsəfi] n.哲学人生哲学, 人生观达观sex[seks] n.性别; 性男性; 女性性关系性活动, 性行为circumstance[ˈsə:kəmstəns] n.环境, 条件, 情况境遇, 经济状况coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit] adj.同等的, 并列的n.〈数〉坐标vt.使协调; 使调和】ensure[inˈʃuə] vt.确保, 担保担保获得[避免]justify[ˈdʒʌstifai] vt.证明…有理; 为…辩护physical[ˈfizikəl] adj.身体的, 肉体的物质的自然规律的, 按自然法则的自然(界)的物理学的n.身体检查, 体格检查shift[ʃift] n.转换, 转变轮[换]班轮班工人计谋, 手段切换键vi.快速行进vt. & vi.改变, 变换, 转移, 移动去掉; 摆脱掉换挡comment[ˈkɔment] n.评论, 意见, 解释, 批评vt. & vi.评论; 谈论core[kɔ:] n.果核核心, 精髓, 要点exclude[iksˈklu:d] vt.排除; 不包括在内layer[ˈleiə] n.层, 层次proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən] n.均衡; 相称, 协调一物与他物在数量、大小等方面的关系; 比例部分; 份儿specify[ˈspesifai] vt.详述指定compensate[ˈkɔmpenseit] vt. & vi.补偿, 报酬`corporate[ˈkɔ:pərit] adj.社团的, 法人的framework[ˈfreimwə:k] n.构架; 结构link[liŋk] n.环, 联系, 纽带vt. & vi.连接, 联系publish[ˈpʌbliʃ] vt. & vi.出版公布sufficient[səˈfiʃənt] adj.足够的; 充足的component[kəmˈpəunənt] n.成分, 组成部分, 部件, 元件correspond[ˌkɔrisˈpɔnd] vi.相符合, 相一致相当, 相类似通信fund[fʌnd] n.基金, 专款现款; 资金储备, 蕴藏vt.为…提供资金, 给…拨款locate[ləuˈkeit] vt.找出, 指出(地点或位置) vt. & vi.(在…)设置, 坐落于react[riˈækt] vi.起反应; 有影响反对; 对抗task[tɑ:sk] n.工作; 任务; 差事，consent[kənˈsent] n.准许, 同意, 赞成vi.同意; 赞成criteria[kraɪˈtɪərɪə] n.标准illustrate[ˈiləstreit] vt.给…加插图说明, 阐明; 表明maximise[ˈmæksimaiz] vt.使(某事物)增至最大限度最大限度地利用(某事物) register[ˈredʒistə] n.登记(表), 注册(簿)记录器暖气, 调风器vt. & vi.记录; 登记; 注册显出注意到, 记住technical[ˈteknikəl] adj.技术的; 应用科学的艺术的, 工艺的(指书等)要求有专门知识的, 使用术语的, 专业的considerable[kənˈsidərəbl] adj.相当大(或多)的deduce[diˈdju:s] vt.推论, 演绎immigrate[ˈimiɡreit] vi.移入minor[ˈmainə] adj.较小的, 较少的, 低级的, 次要的n.未成年人副修科目rely[riˈlai] vi.信任; 信赖; 依赖, 依靠[technique[tekˈni:k] n.技巧, 手法, 技术技能constant[ˈkɔnstənt] adj.始终如一的, 恒久不变的不断的, 连续发生的忠实的, 忠诚的demonstrate[ˈdemənstreit] vi.举行示威游行(或集会) vt.说明, 演示论证, 证明显示, 表露imply[imˈplai] vt.暗示, 暗指必然包含negate[niˈɡeit] vt.取消, 使无效否定; 否认remove[riˈmu:v] vi.迁移; 移居vt.移走; 排除开除technology[tekˈnɔlədʒi] n.科技(总称); 工艺; 应用科学工业技术constrain[kənˈstrein] vt.强迫, 强使; 限制, 约束document[ˈdɔkjumənt] n.公文, 文件, 文献vt.证明记录, 记载initial[iˈniʃəl] adj.最初的, 开头的outcome[ˈautkʌm] n.结果）scheme[ski:m] n.阴谋, 诡计计划, 方案vt. & vi.策划; 图谋valid[ˈvælid] adj.正当的, 有充分根据的, 符合逻辑的有效的有法律效力的contribute[kənˈtribjut] vi.起促成作用vt. & vi.捐献, 捐助, 贡献出撰稿, 投稿dominate[ˈdɔmineit] vt.耸立于, 俯临vt. & vi.控制, 支配, 统治在…中占首要地位instance[ˈinstəns] n.例子, 实例partner[ˈpɑ:tnə] n.伙伴, 同伙, 合伙人, 股东同伴, 搭档配偶, 情人vt.做…的搭档sequence[ˈsi:kwəns] n.有关联的一组事物, 一连串先后次序, 顺序, 连续volume[ˈvɔlju:m] n.卷, 册, 书卷体积; 容积, 容量音量, 响度Sublist 4access[ˈækses] n.通道, 入口接近[取得]…的方法[权利等] vt.存取(计算机文件) communicate[kəˈmju:nikeit] vi.通讯; 交际, 交流相连; 相通vt. & vi.传达; 表达￥error[ˈerə] n.错误过失, 失误internal[inˈtə:nəl] adj.内部的国内的, 内政的体内的parallel[ˈpærəlel] adj.(指至少两条线)平行的类似的; 相对应的n.平行线[面]极相似的人[事物]类似(点), 相似(之处)比较纬线, 纬圈vt.与…平行; 与…相当resolve[riˈzɔlv] vt.(指委员会或集会)表决解决(问题、疑问等)分解, 解析(某物) vt. & vi.决定; 决心adequate[ˈædikwit] adj.充分的, 足够的适当的, 胜任的concentrate[ˈkɔnsəntreit] vt.浓缩vt. & vi.专心于; 注意集中, 聚集ethnic[ˈeθnik] adj.种族的, 部落的某文化群体的investigate[inˈvestiɡeit] vt.调查; 审查parameter[pəˈræmitə] n.(限定性的)因素, 特性, 界限〈物〉〈数〉参量, 参数retain[riˈtein] vt.保持; 保留止住; 容纳annual[ˈænjuəl] adj.每年的, 年度的, 一年一次的n.一年生植物年刊, 年报, 年鉴'confer[kənˈfə:] vi.〈拉〉商谈, 商议vt.授予, 赋予goal[ɡəul] n.球门进球得的分努力的对象, 目标job[dʒɔb] n.职业, 职位(一件)工作职责, 责任phase[feiz] n.阶段, 时期(月亮、行星的)位相vt.分阶段计划[安排]series[ˈsiəri:z] n.连续的同类事物, 系列串联apparent[əˈpærənt] adj.显然的, 明白的, 清晰可见的表面上的, 貌似(真实)的contrast[ˈkɔntræst] n.对比, 对照差异, 差别对照物, 明显的对比物vt. & vi.对比, 对照grant[ɡrɑ:nt] n.补助金, 助学金, 津贴vt.准许; 答应给予承认label[ˈleibəl] n.标签, 标记称号; 符号; 标示vt.贴标签于把…列为predict[priˈdikt] vt. & vi.预言; 预测; 预示statistic[stəˈtistik] adj.统计的,统计学的n.统计量$approximate[əˈprɔksimit] adj.近似的, 大约的vt. & vi.近似, 接近cycle[ˈsaikl] n.循环, 周期自行车, 摩托车vi.骑自行[摩托]车hence[hens] adv.从此时起, 从此处因此, 所以mechanism[ˈmekənizəm] n.机械装置构造, 机制办法, 技巧, 途径principal[ˈprinsəpəl] adj.最重要的; 主要的n.负责人, 校长资本, 本金被代理人, 委托人status[ˈsteitəs] n.身份, 地位情形, 状况attitude[ˈætitju:d] n.态度, 看法姿态, 姿势debate[diˈbeit] n.讨论, 辩论vt. & vi.辩论, 争论hypothesis[haiˈpɔθisis] n.假说, 假设, 前提obvious[ˈɔbviəs] adj.明显的; 显而易见的prior[ˈpraiə] adj.优先的; 在前的; 较早的、stress[stres] n.压力, 紧张强调, 重要性重力重音vt.重读强调attribute[əˈtribju:t] n.属性, 特性vt.认为…是; 归因于…认为某作品出自某人之手认为某事[物]属于某人[物]despite[disˈpait] prep.不管, 尽管implement[ˈimplimənt] n.工具, 器具, 用具vt.使生效, 贯彻, 执行occupy[ˈɔkjupai] vt.占领; 占有使从事; 使忙于professional[prəˈfeʃənəl] adj.职业的, 专业的内行的, 有经验的有意的, 故意的n.具有某专业资格的人, 专业人士内行, 专家专门职业者, 职业选手subsequent[ˈsʌbsikwənt] adj.随后的, 继…之后的civil[ˈsivl] adj.公民的, 平民的; 非军职的, 非宗教的; 国民间的, 民用的民事的, 民法的文明的, 有教养的dimension[diˈmenʃən] n.尺寸, 度量方面, 部分规模, 程度implicate[ˈimplikeit] vt.牵连, 涉及option[ˈɔpʃən] n.选择(的自由)可选择的办法附件, 配件买卖选择权, 期权,project[prəˈdʒekt] n.项目, 计划, 方案, 课题vt.规划抛; 投; 射vt. & vi.伸出, 突出; 表达特点sum[sʌm] n.总数, 总和金额算术vt. & vi.合计总结, 归纳code[kəud] n.法典, 法规, 章程密码, 电码代号, 编码vt.将…译成电码domestic[dəˈmestik] adj.本国的, 国内的家庭的, 家用的驯养的impose[imˈpəuz] vi.利用, 占便宜; 欺骗vt.强迫, 强加课税, 惩罚output[ˈautput] n.产量输出, 输出功率promote[prəˈməut] vt.提升, 提拔筹划, 发起, 创立推销〈正〉促进; 推动; 增进summary[ˈsʌməri] adj.即刻的, 立即的匆忙的, 草率的概括的; 简要的n.摘要,概要commit[kəˈmit] vt.犯罪; 犯错承诺; 使自己受约束托付; 交付emerge[iˈmə:dʒ] vi.出现; 显出; 暴露integrate[ˈintiɡreit] vt.使结合成为整体vt. & vi.(使)融入！overall[ˈəuvərɔ:l] adj.总体的; 全面的; 综合的全面考虑的adv.大体上, 总的来说一切包括在内, 全部的n.长罩衣工装裤; 工作裤regime[reiˈʒi:m] n.政治制度, 政权, 政体undertake[ˌʌndəˈteik] vt.担任, 承揽; 保证着手, 开始Sublist 5academy[əˈkædəmi] n.专科学校研究院, 学会consult[kənˈsʌlt] vt.请教, 咨询; 找(医生)诊治翻阅, 查阅顾及, 考虑vt. & vi.商议, 商量evolve[iˈvɔlv] vt. & vi.演变; 进化licence[ˈlaisəns] n.许可证, 执照许可, 特许放纵, 放肆orient[ˈɔ:riənt] n.东方, 亚洲vt.使熟悉, 使适应使朝向; 使确定位置style[stail] n.风格, 格调; 文体行为方式, 作风种类, 类型; 流行式样; 款式风度; 格调; 气派adjust[əˈdʒʌst] vt. & vi.(改变…以)适应; 调整; 校正！contact[ˈkɔntækt] n.接触联系, 联络, 交往社会关系, 熟人, 门路触点, 接头vt. & vi.联系expand[iksˈpænd] vt. & vi.使…变大, 扩大, 扩张伸展, 伸开, 张开, 展开logic[ˈlɔdʒik] n.逻辑(学), 逻辑性推理方法合理的想法perspective[pəˈspektiv] n.远景, 景前途; 希望透视透视图观点, 想法substitute[ˈsʌbstitju:t] vt. & vi.代替, 替换, 代用alter[ˈɔ:ltə] vt. & vi.改变, 更改decline[diˈklain] n.下降, 减少, 衰退vi.(太阳)落下vt. & vi.辞谢; 谢绝(邀请等)expose[iksˈpəuz] vt.曝光暴露; 显露揭露, 袒露margin[ˈmɑ:dʒin] n.页边空白边, 边缘差数, 差额; 余地precise[priˈsais] adj.精确的, 准确的恰好的; 正是的周密的, 细密的, 精细的sustain[səˈstein] vt.承受, 支撑维持长期保持; 使继续经受, 遭受:amend[əˈmend] vt. & vi.改良; 修改, 修订discrete[disˈkri:t] adj.分离的, 不相关联的external[eksˈtə:nl] adj.外面的, 外部的外观的, 表面的外国的medical[ˈmedikəl] adj.医学的, 医疗的, 医术的内科的prime[praim] adj.首要的; 主要的; 基本的最好的, 第一流的n.全盛时期vt.使准备好, 使完成准备工作事先指导, 事先向…提供情况symbol[ˈsimbəl] n.象征, 标志符号, 记号aware[əˈwɛə] adj.意识到的, 知道的draft[drɑ:ft] n.草稿, 草案, 草图汇票应召入伍者; 特遣队vt.起草, 画草图, 草拟选派, 抽调征募, 征召…入伍facilitate[fəˈsiliteit] vt.使便利, 减轻…的困难mental[ˈmentl] adj.精神的, 头脑的, 心理的, 智力的精神病的psychology[saiˈkɔlədʒi] n.心理学心理; 心理特点《target[ˈtɑ:ɡit] n.(射击的)靶子(欲达到的)目[指]标(服务的)对象; (攻击的)对象vt.瞄准某物capacity[kəˈpæsiti] n.容量, 容积才能, 能力身份, 职位enable[iˈneibl] vt.使能够; 提供做…的权利[措施]使可能fundamental[ˌfʌndəˈmentəl] adj.基本的; 重要的, 必要的n.基本原则, 基本法则modify[ˈmɔdifai] vt.修饰vt. & vi.修改, 更改pursue[pəˈsju:] vt.追捕, 追击追求继续; 从事, 经营transit[ˈtrænsit] n.搬运; 载运; 运输challenge[ˈtʃælindʒ] n.挑战, 邀请比赛怀疑, 质问艰巨的任务vt.挑战质疑考验energy[ˈenədʒi] n.活力, 干劲, 能力精力〈物〉能, 能量, 能源generate[ˈdʒenəreit] vt.生成, 产生引起, 导致monitor[ˈmɔnitə] n.监视器, 监听器; 检测器(学校)班长; 纠察员vt.监听, 监视监测, 检测*ratio[ˈreiʃiəu] n.比, 比率trend[trend] n.趋势, 倾向流行clause[klɔ:z] n.从句(法律文件等的)条款enforce[inˈfɔ:s] vt.实施, 执行强迫, 迫使generation[ˌdʒenəˈreiʃən] n.同时代的人, 一代人, 一代产生, 发生network[ˈnetwə:k] n.网状物(电视与计算机)网络, 网状系统广播网, 电视网reject[riˈdʒekt] n.被拒货品, 不合格产品vt.拒绝, 谢绝; 驳回舍弃, 排斥, 退掉version[ˈvə:ʃən] n.(个人对事件的)描述, 说法, 看法版本, 形式译本, 剧本compound[ˈkɔmpaund] n.复合物, 化合物(筑有围墙的)院子, (围起来的)场地vt.使混合, 使合成使严重; 使恶化entity[ˈentiti] n.实体, 独立存在体, 实际存在物image[ˈimidʒ] n.形象, 概念镜像, 影像, 图像印象酷似的人[物], 翻版比喻, 引喻, 明喻外形, 外表, 模样(notion[ˈnəuʃən] n.概念, 观念, 看法突然的念头, 奇想; 意图, 打算revenue[ˈrevənju:] n.收入, 收益; 财政收入, 税收welfare[ˈwelfɛə] n.健康, 幸福, 繁荣福利〈美〉政府的福利(制度)conflict[ˈkɔnflikt] n.战斗, 斗争冲突, 抵触, 争论vi.抵触, 冲突equivalent[iˈkwivələnt] adj.相等的, 相当的liberal[ˈlibərəl] adj.心胸宽阔的, 无偏见的慷慨的, 大方的开放的; 主张变革的自由的, 不拘一格的n.宽容大度的人自由主义者objective[əbˈdʒektiv] adj.客观的; 不带偏见的n.目标; 目的stable[ˈsteibl] adj.稳定的; 安定的沉稳[持重]的whereas[hwɛərˈæz] conj.但是, 而Sublist 6abstract[ˈæbstrækt] adj.抽象的抽象派的n.抽象, 抽象概念, 抽象性抽象派艺术作品摘要, 梗概vt.提取, 抽取做…的摘要·capable[ˈkeipəbl] adj.有能力的, 有技能的exceed[ikˈsi:d] vi.(在数量、质量上)突出, 领先vt.超过; 超越incidence[ˈinsidəns] n.发生率, 影响范围migrate[maiˈɡreit] vi.迁移; 移往recover[riˈkʌvə] vi.恢复健康(体力、能力等) vt.恢复; 重新获得, 找回〈正〉恢复(适当的状态或位置)accurate[ˈækjurit] adj.精确的, 准确的正确无误的cite[sait] vt.引用, 举例表彰, 嘉奖传唤, 传讯expert[ˈekspə:t] adj.专家的, 内行的, 熟练的n.专家, 能手incorporate[inˈkɔ:pəreit] vt.包含, 加上, 吸收把…合并, 使并入组成公司minimum[ˈminiməm] adj.最低的, 最小的n.最低限度, 最小量reveal[riˈvi:l] vt.显示; 露出泄露; 透露]acknowledge[əkˈnɔlidʒ] vt.承认, 供认告知已收到鸣谢, 感谢cooperate[kəuˈɔpəreit] vi.合作; 配合, 协助explicit[iksˈplisit] adj.详述的, 明确的, 明晰的直言的, 毫不隐瞒的, 露骨的index[ˈindeks] n.索引标志, 象征; 量度(物价或工资的)指数〈数〉指数, 幂vt.给…编索引, 指示出ministry[ˈministri] n.(政府的)部scope[skəup] n.余地, 机会(处理、研究事务的)范围aggregate[ˈæɡriɡit] n.〈正〉数, 总计vt.总计达… vt. & vi.(使)聚集discriminate[disˈkrimineit] vi.歧视, 有差别地对待vt. & vi.分别, 辨别, 区分federal[ˈfedərəl] adj.联邦(制)的联邦政府的inhibit[inˈhibit] vt.阻止; 抑制motive[ˈməutiv] n.动机, 目的、subsidy[ˈsʌbsidi] n.补贴, 津贴, 补助金allocate[ˈæləkeit] vt.分配, 分派把…拨给display[disˈplei] n.陈列, 展览陈列的货物、艺术品等vt.陈列, 展览显示, 显露fee[fi:] n.费, 酬金initiate[iˈniʃieit] vt.开始, 着手传授; 使初步了解接纳新成员, 让…加入neutral[ˈnju:trəl] adj.中立的, 不偏不倚的中立(国家)的暗淡的; 非彩色的(化学中)中性的不带电的n.(汽车或其他机器的)空挡位置中立人士; 中立国tape[teip] n.带子录音磁带; 录像带vt.用带子捆起来vt. & vi.录音assign[əˈsain] vt.分配; 交给指派, 选派指定, 订出diverse[daiˈvəs] adj.不同的, 多种多样的flexible[ˈfleksəbl] adj.易弯曲的, 柔韧的灵活的, 可变通的input[ˈinput] n.输入, 投入〈电〉输入端输入的数据vt.把…输入电脑^nevertheless[ˌnevəðəˈles] adv.仍然, 然而, 不过conj.尽管如此, 然而trace[treis] n.踪迹; 痕迹; 形迹极微的量vt.追踪; 追溯发现; 找到描绘; 标出vt. & vi.缓慢而困难地书写attach[əˈtætʃ] vt. & vi.贴上; 系; 附上domain[dəuˈmein] n.范围, 领域版图, 领土地产, 产业furthermore[ˈfə:ðəˌmɔ:] adv.而且, 此外instruct[inˈstrʌkt] vt.命令, 指示教, 指导通知overseas[ˌəuvəˈsi:z] adj.(在)海外的, (在)国外的(向或来自)外国的adv.在[向]海外; 在[向]国外transform[trænsˈfɔ:m] vt. & vi.改变author[ˈɔ:θə] n.著作家, 作者创造者, 创始人; 发起人edit[ˈedit] vt.剪辑(电影、录音磁带、无线电或电视节目、书等) vt. & vi.编辑gender[ˈdʒendə] n.〈语〉性%intelligent[inˈtelidʒənt] adj.聪明的; 理解力强的precede[ˌpriˈsi:d] vt. & vi.在…之前, 先于transport[trænsˈpɔ:t] vt.运送; 流放使万分激动bond[bɔnd] n.联系, 关系连接, 接合, 结合有息债券合同, 契约, 票据vt.使粘结, 使结合enhance[inˈhɑ:ns] vt.提高, 增加, 加强ignorant[ˈiɡnərənt] adj.无知的, 愚昧的interval[ˈintəvəl] n.间隔时间幕间休息presume[priˈzju:m] vi.冒昧地做某事; 错用自作主张, 放肆vt.以为; 假定underlie[ˌʌndəˈlai] vt.位于或存在于(某物)之下构成…的基础(或起因); 引起brief[bri:f] adj.短暂的, 短时间的简洁的, 简短的n.概要, 摘要vt.向…介绍基本情况, 作…的摘要estate[isˈteit] n.土地, 地区庄园, 种植园地产, 财产; 遗产|incentive[inˈsentiv] n.激励某人做某事的事物; 刺激; 诱因, 动机lecture[ˈlektʃə] n.演讲; 讲课冗长的训斥[谴责] vt.责备, 教训, 训斥vt. & vi.(向…)演讲; (给…)讲课rational[ˈræʃənl] adj.神智清楚的理性的; 理智的; 合理的; 出于理性的utilize[ˈju:tilaiz] vt.利用, 使用Sublist 7adapt[əˈdæpt] vt.改编, 改写vt. & vi.(使)适应, (使)适合contrary[ˈkɔntrəri] adj.相反的, 相违的n.相反, 反面, 对立面empirical[emˈpirikəl] adj.以观察或实验为依据的identical[aiˈdentikəl] adj.同一的phenomenon[fiˈnɔminən] n.现象特殊的人[事物]submit[səbˈmit] vi.屈服, 认输vt.提交, 呈递〈正〉建议, 主张, 申辩|adult[ˈædʌlt] adj.成熟的成年人的, 适宜于成年人的n.成年的人或动物convert[kənˈvə:t] vt. & vi.(使)转变, (使)转化皈依, 改变(信仰)equip[iˈkwip] vt.装备, 配备使有能力, 使胜任ideology[ˌaidiˈɔlədʒi] n.思想(体系), 思想意识priority[praiˈɔriti] n.优先权, 重点优先考虑的事successor[səkˈsesə] n.接替的人或事物, 继任者, 继承人advocate[ˈædvəkeit] n.提倡者, 拥护者辩护律师, 辩护人vt.提倡, 主张couple[ˈkʌpl] n.一对, 一双一些, 几个夫妻, 情侣vt.连接, 联结, 联系extract[iksˈtrækt] n.摘录, 引用提炼物, 浓缩物vt.(费力地)拔出, 抽出提取, 榨出infer[inˈfə:] vt.推断, 推知prohibit[prəˈhibit] vt.禁止; 阻止、survive[səˈvaiv] vi.幸存, 活下来vt.比…活得长, 经历…之后还存在aid[eid] n.帮助, 援助, 救助助手, 辅助物, 辅助手段vt.帮助, 援助decade[ˈdekeid] n.十年, 十年间file[fail] n.文件夹, 公文箱卷宗, 文件; 计算机文件纵列vi.排成纵队前进vt.把…归档提交(申请等), 呈递用锉锉innovate[ˈinəuveit] vi.改革, 创新publication[ˌpʌbliˈkeiʃən] n.发表, 公布出版, 刊行, 发行出版物, 书刊thesis[ˈθi:sis] n.论题, 命题, 论点论文, 毕业(或学位)论文channel[ˈtʃænl] n.海峡通道; 水沟, 水渠渠道, 途径频道definite[ˈdefinit] adj.明确的, 确切的一定的, 肯定的finite[ˈfainait] adj.有限的, 有限度的〈语〉限定的insert[inˈsə:t] n.添入物(尤指一页印刷品图中插入或套印的小图) vt.插入, 嵌入quote[kwəut] vt.提到…以支持某论点报(价); 开(价) vt. & vi.引用, 援引topic[ˈtɔpik] n.题目, 论题, 话题chemical[ˈkemikəl] adj.化学的n.化学药品deny[diˈnai] vt.否认知情拒绝foundation[faunˈdeiʃən] n.建立, 设立, 创办基础, 基本原理, 根据地基基金(会)intervene[ˌɪntəˈvi:n] vi.干涉, 干预; 调解干扰, 阻碍release[riˈli:s] n.释放, 排放, 解除释放令公映的新影片, 发布的新闻[消息] vt.释放; 放开发布; 发行; 发售transmit[trænzˈmit] vt.传播, 传染传导vt. & vi.发射, 播送, 广播classic[ˈklæsik] adj.(著作, 赛事等)最优秀的, (可作)典范的(病例等)典型的, 标准的(衣服, 设计等)传统式样的, 典雅的(因为时已久)著名的; 传统的n.文豪, 大艺术家; 文学名著, 经典作品, 杰作优秀的典范differentiate[ˌdifəˈrenʃieit] vi.区别对待vt. & vi.区分, 区别, 辨别globe[ɡləub] n.地球, 世界球体; 球状物地球仪isolate[ˈaisəleit] vt.使隔离, 使孤立, 使脱离reverse[riˈvə:s] adj.相反的, 颠倒的, 反向的n.相反钱币的反面[背面]失败, 挫败vt. & vi.(使)反转; (使)颠倒; (使)翻转推翻, 取消使倒退, 逆转ultimate[ˈʌltimit] adj.最后的, 最终的基本的, 根本的最大的, 极限程度的comprehensive[ˌkɔmpriˈhensiv] adj.广泛的, 综合的dispose[disˈpəuz] vt.布置使愿意或准备做vt. & vi.处理; 处置grade[ɡreid] n.(官阶、质量)等级, 品级, 阶段, 程度〈尤美〉 (考试或作业的)分数, 评分等级〈尤美〉 (学生受测试的)技巧水平(尤指音乐方面)〈美〉年级; (按年级划分的)小学生media[ˈmi:djə] n.媒体simulate[ˈsimjuleit] vt.假装模仿, 模拟unique[ju:ˈni:k] adj.独一无二的, 仅有的, 惟一的异常的, 特有的, 少见的comprise[kəmˈpraiz] vt.包含, 包括, 由…组成组成, 构成dynamic[daiˈnæmik] adj.有活力的, 强有力的不断变化的动力的, 动态的guarantee[ˌɡærənˈti:] n.保证, 保障; 保证书; 保用期担保, 担保人担保品, 抵押品vt.保证; 担保使(事情)可能发生mode[məud] n.方式, 样式样式, 风格sole[səul] adj.单独的, 惟一的专有的, 独占的visible[ˈvizəbl] adj.看得见的, 可见的, 有形的明显的, 可察觉到的confirm[kənˈfə:m] vt.证实, 证明; 肯定, 确认使巩固, 加强批准; 认可eliminate[iˈlimineit] vt.消除, 排除忽略淘汰〈口〉干掉hierarchy[ˈhaiərɑ:ki] n.等级制度统治集团, 领导层paradigm[ˈpærədaim] n.(一词的)词形变化表范例; 样式; 模范somewhat[ˈsʌmhwɔt] adv.稍微, 有点, 达到某种程度voluntary[ˈvɔləntəri] adj.自愿的, 志愿的义务的, 无偿的。

雅思中易混淆的英语词汇雅思中易混淆的英语词汇1.quite 相当 quiet 安静地2.affect 影响，假装 effect 结果，影响3.adapt 适应 adopt采用 adept 内行4.angel 天使 angle 角度5.dairy 牛奶厂 diary 日记6.contend 奋斗，斗争content 内容，满足的context 上下文contest 竞争，比赛7.principal 校长，主要的 principle 原则8.implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的9.dessert 零食 desert 沙漠 dissert写论文10.pat 轻拍 tap 轻打 slap 掌击 rap 敲打11.decent 正经的 descent n.向下，血统 descend v.向下12.sweet 甜甜的` sweat含税ter后来 latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv最近14.costume 服装 custom习惯15.extensive 广泛的 intensive 深刻的16.aural 耳的 oral 口头的17.abroad 国外 aboard 上(船，飞机)18.altar 祭坛 alter 改变19.assent 同意 ascent上升 accent 口音20.champion 冠军 champagne 香槟酒 campaign 战役21.baron 男爵 barren不毛之地的 barn 谷仓22.beam 梁，光束 bean豆 been have过去式23.precede领先 proceed 进行，继续24.pray 祈祷 prey猎物25.chicken 鸡 kitchen 厨房26.monkey 猴子 donkey驴子27.chore家务活 chord 和弦 cord细绳28.cite 引用 site场所 sight视觉29.clash (金属)撞击声 crash 碰撞，坠落 crush 压坏pliment 赞美 complement 附加物31.confirm 确认 conform 使顺从32.contact 接触 contract 合同 contrast 对照33.council一会 counsel忠告 consul 领事34.crow 乌鸦 crown 王冠 clown小丑 cow 牛35.dose 一剂药 doze 打盹36.drawn draw过去分词 drown溺水37.emigrant 移民到国外 immigrant 从某国来的移名38.excess n超过 exceed v超过 excel 擅长39.hotel青年旅社 hostel 旅店titude 纬度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感谢【雅思中易混淆的英语词汇】。

雅思阅读分类词汇200雅思阅读分类词汇——文化类（40个）1. discrepancy n. 差异a difference between two or more things that should be the same2. misconception n. 误解a belief or an idea that is not based on correct information ,or that is not understood by people3. discrimination n. 区别，歧视the practice of treating sb. or a particular group in society less fairly than others4. hierarchy n. 等级制度a system especially ina society or an organization, in which people are or organized into different levels of importance from highest to lowest5. patriot n. 爱国者a person who loves their country and who is ready to defend it against an enemy6. compatriot n. 同胞a person who was born in, or is a citizen of ,the same country as sb. else7. vernacular n. 本国的本地话，本国话the language or dialect that is most widely spoken by ordinary people in a region or country8. immigration n. 移入the process of coming to live permanently in a country that is not your own9. permeate n. 渗透，弥漫(liquid, gas, etc) to spread to every part of an object or a place 10. entrepreneur n. 企业家 a person who makes money by starting or runningbusinesses ,especially when this involves taking financial risks11. practitioner n. 开业者，从业者a person who works in a profession ,especially medicine or law.12. anecdote n. 轶事amusing account of something that has happened13. notoriety n. 恶名becoming well-known for something bad14. counterpart n. 对应人，对等物another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.15. subordinate n. 下级someone who has a less important position than you in the organization that you both work for.16. tactics n. 战术，技巧the branch of military science dealing with detailed maneuvers to achieve objectives set by strategy17. punctual adj. 准时的，守时的acting or arriving or performed exactly at the time appointed18. harass n. 骚扰annoy continually or chronically19.redundancy n. 冗余，冗员the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded20. downsize n. 裁员the practice of redesigninga vehicle to retain the interior volume, and often the nameplate and styling of a larger car to a smaller, more efficient platform21. ballot n. 投票the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; the piece of paper on which sb. marks who they are voting for22. impartial adj. 不偏不倚的not supporting one person or group more than another23. lobby n.大堂a large area inside the entrance of a public building where people can meet and waitv. 游说to try to influence a politician or the government and for example, persuade them to support or oppose a change in the law24. equilibrium n. 平衡，均衡a state of balance , especially between opposing forces or influences;a calm state of mind and a balance of emotions25. questionnaire n. 调查表，问卷a written list of questions that are answered by a number of people so that information can be collected from the answers26. quantitative adj. 定量的connected with the amount or a number of sth. rather than with how good it is27. contingency n. 偶然性，偶然事件an event that may or may not happen28. incur v. 招致to suffer the unpleasant results of a situation that you have caused29. ethical adj. 伦理的，符合伦理的connected with beliefs of what is right or wrong30. dubious adj. 疑惑的，可疑的not certain andslightly suspicious about sth.31. manifestation n. 显示,证明the act of appearing as a sign that sth. exists or is happening32. vogue n. 时尚a fashion for sth.33. bizarre adj. 奇异的，古怪的very strange or unusual34. mediocre adj. 平庸的(disapproving)not very good; of only average standard35. dietitian n. 营养学家a person whose job is to advise people on what kind of food they should eat to healthy36. connoisseur n. 行家鉴赏家an expert on matters involving the judgment of beauty, quality or skill in art , food or music37. homogeneous adj. 由相同事物（或人）组成的；同种类的consisting of things or people that are all the same or all of the same type38. mainstream n. 主流思想主流群体the ideas and opinions that are thought to be normal because they are shared by most people; the people whose ideas and opinions are most accepted39. dialect n. 方言the form of a language that is spoken in one area with grammar, words and pronunciation that may be different from other forms of the same language40. quantitative adj. 定量的connected with theamount or a number of sth. rather than with how good it is雅思阅读分类词汇——生物/生理类（40个）41. molecule adj. 分子(physics and chemistry) the simplest structural unit of an element or compound42. protein n. 蛋白质any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells43. enzyme n. 酶proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions44. catalyst n. 催化剂(chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected45. chlorophyll n. 叶绿素a green substance in plants which enables them to use the energy from sunlight in order to grow46. photosynthesis n. 光合作用the process by which a green plant turns water and carbon dioxide into food when the plant is exposed to light47. botany n. 植物学a branch of science that deals with plant life48. flora n. 植物群all the plant life in a particular region or period49. fauna n. 动物群all the animal life in a particular region or period50. bacterium n. 细菌any one of a group of very small living things that often cause disease51. fungus n. 真菌 a parasitic plant lacking chlorophyll and leaves and true stems and roots and reproducing by spores52. organism n. 机体，组织a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently53. arthropod n. 节肢动物invertebrate having jointed limbs and a segmented body with an exoskeleton made of chitin54. reptile n. 爬行动物 a group of cold-blooded animals which have skins covered with small hard plates called scales and lay eggs 55. amphibian n. 两栖动物 animals such as frogs and toads that can live both on land and in water56. mammal n. 哺乳动物any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair57. primate n. 灵长目动物 a member of the group of mammals which includes humans, monkeys, and apes58. evolution n. 进化 a process in which something passes by degrees to a different stage 59. anthropoid n. 类人猿 any member of the suborder Anthropoidea including monkeys and apes and hominids60. gene n. 基因(genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain61. genetics n. 遗传学the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms 62. helix n. 螺旋，螺旋状物 a curve that lies on the surface of a cylinder or cone and cuts the element at a constant angle63. identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的exactly alike; incapable of being perceived as different 64. mutation n. 突变any event that changes genetic structure; any alteration in the inherited nucleic acid sequence of the genotype of an organism65. predator n. 捕食者an animal that kills and eats other animals66. embryo n.胚胎an unborn animal or human being in the very early stages of development67. hibernate n. 冬眠spend the winter in a state like a deep sleep68. torpid adj. 麻木的，蛰伏的in a condition of biological rest or suspended animation69. cerebral adj. (大)脑的relating to the brain70. hemisphere n. 半球one half of the brain; one half of the earth71. cortex n. 脑皮层 the tissue forming the outer layer of an organ or structure in plant or animal72. somatic adj. 躯体的affecting or characteristic of the body as opposed to the mind or spirit73. limb n. 四肢one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper74. anatomy n. 解剖，剖析the branch of morphology that deals with the structure of animals75. paralyze n. 使瘫痪make powerless and unable to function76. artery n. 动脉 a blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the body77. gland n. 腺体any of various organs that synthesize substances needed by the body and release it through ducts or directly into the bloodstream78. hormone n. 荷尔蒙，激素the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue on which it has a specific effect79. cholesterol n. 胆固醇an animal sterol that is normally synthesized by the liver; the most abundant steroid in animal tissues80. fade v. 凋谢，褪色gradually become paler; gradually cease to be visible雅思阅读分类词汇——教育类（40个）81. accommodation n.(膳宿)供应somewhere to live or stay, often also providing food or other services82. lodging n.寄宿(处) temporary accommodation83. lease v. 出租to use or let sb. use sth., especially property or equipment, in exchange for rent or a regular payment84. tenant n. 房客，佃户someone who pays rent for the place they live in, or for land or buildings that they use.85. landlord n.房东a person or company from whom you rent a room, a house, an office, etc. 86. dormitory n.寝室a room for several people to sleep in, especially in a school or other institutions87. reciprocal a.相互的，互惠的agreement involves two people or groups who do the same thing to each other or agree to help each another in a similar way.88. flat a.平的，瘪的,n.公寓having a level surface, not curved or sloping ; not containing enough air, usually because of a hole ; a set of rooms for living in, including a kitchen, usually on one floor of a building89. utensil n.器皿tools or objects that you use in order to help you to cook or to do other tasks in your home.90. stationery n.文具paper, envelopes, and other materials or equipment used for writing91. laundry n. 洗衣，洗衣店the process or the job of washing clothes, sheets, etc. ; a business or place where you send sheets, clothes, etc. to be washed92. cafeteria n.自助餐厅a restaurant where you choose and pay for your meal at a counter and carry it to a table. Cafeterias are often found in factories, colleges, hospitals, etc.93. cater v. 满足(需要) to provide food and drinks for a social event94. amateur n. 业余爱好者；业余运动员; 生手；外行 a person who takes part in a sport or other activity for enjoyment, not as a job ; (usually disapproving) a person who is not skilled95. excursion n.远足a short journey made for pleasure, especially one that has been organized for a group of people96. commonwealth n.共和国，联邦an organization consisting of the United Kingdom and most of the countries that used to be part of the British Empire97. illiterate a.文盲不识字的not knowing how to read or write98. discipline n. 学科，纪律the practice of training people to obey rules and orders and punishing them if they do not; the controlled behavior or situation that results from thistraining ; an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially in a university99. terminology n.术语a system of words used to name things in a particular discipline100. faculty n.（高等院校的）系，院; 全体教师 a department or group of related departments in a college or university ; all the teachers of a particular university or college 101.dean n .教堂主任牧师；系主任;院长；教务长a senior official at a college or university102.curriculum n.1.(一个学校,专业,或学科的)全部课程;2.(取得毕业资格等的)必修课程the subjects that students study at a particular school or college103.syllabus n.教学大纲、课程大纲；课程提纲；课程纲要 a list of the topics, books, etc. that students should study in a particular subject at school or college104.calendar n.日历；历法；日程表；挂历a set of pages showing the days, weeks, and months of a particular year105. compulsory adj.强制的；义务的；强迫的；必修的something that is compulsory must bedone because of a rule or law106.recruit v.吸收（新成员）；征募（新兵）；组建to get someone to work in a company or join an organization; to get someone to join the military107.prestige n.声望；威望；威信the high reputation and respect that someone or something has earned, based on their impressive achievements, quality, etc.108.esteem n.尊重；敬重；好评 a feeling of admiration and respect for someone109.aptitude n.天赋；天资；天生的才能；资质；能力倾向natural ability that makes it easy for you to do something well110. matriculation n.录取入学；入学礼；(大学)入学考试the act or process of matriculating at a college or university111.vocation n.职业，使命；神召，天命the particular occupation for which you are trained 112.abbreviation n.省略，缩写，简化，缩写词a shortened form of a word or phrase113.scholarship n.奖学金；学术；学识financialaid provided to a student on the basis of academic merit114.tutorial n.个人辅导的；教程，辅导材料；使用说明书a session of intensive tuition given by a tutor to an individual or to a small number of studentsadj.家庭教师的；指导教师的；辅导的；监护人的of or relating to tutors or tutoring;115assignment n.分给，分配；任务，工作，（课外）作业a duty that you are assigned to perform (especially in the armed forces);116.dissertation n.专题论文，学位论文；学术演讲a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research117.credential n.外交使节所递的国书，信任状；文凭a document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts118.alumni n.（男）校友，（男）毕业生；校友( alumnus的名词复数)a person who has received a degree from a school (high school or college or university)119.overestimate v.对（数量）估计过高，对…作过高的评价；，对…估计过高make too high an estimate of120.caliber n.口径；能力；水准a degree or grade of excellence or worth雅思阅读分类词汇——环境类（40个）121. conservation n. 保存，保持；保护an occurrence of improvement by virtue of preventing loss or injury or other change122.acid n. 酸；<俚>迷幻药adj. 酸的；讽刺的；刻薄的being sour to the taste 123.carbon n. [化学] 碳；碳棒；复写纸an abundant nonmetallic tetravalent element occurring in three allotropic forms124.ozone n. [化学] 臭氧；新鲜的空气 a colorless gas (O3) soluble in alkalis and cold water125.radiation n. 辐射；发光；放射物energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles126.greenhouse n. 温室a building with glass walls and roof; for the cultivation andexhibition of plants under controlled conditions127.solar adj. 太阳的；日光的；利用太阳光的；与太阳相关的relating to or derived from the sun or utilizing the energies of the sun 128.phenomenon n. 现象；奇迹；杰出的人才a remarkable development129.catastrophe n. 大灾难；大祸；惨败an event resulting in great loss and misfortune 130.deterioration n. 恶化；退化；堕落 a symptom of reduced quality or strength 131.extinction n. 消失；消灭；废止no longer in existence132.endangered adj. 濒临灭绝的；有生命危险的in imminent danger of extinction133.drought n. 干旱；缺乏 a shortage of rainfall134.recurrent adj. 复发的；周期性的，经常发生的recurring again and again135.inundate vt. 淹没；泛滥；浸水；（洪水般的）扑来fill quickly beyond capacity; as with a liquid136.desertification n. （土壤）荒漠化；沙漠化 the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert; is usually caused by climate change or by destructive use of the land 137.barren adj. 贫瘠的；无益的；沉闷无趣的；空洞的providing no shelter or sustenance 138.attributable adj. 可归于…的；可归属的capable of being attributed139.deforestation n. 采伐森林；森林开伐the state of being clear of trees140.log vi. 伐木vt. 切；伐木；航行a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches141.vegetation n. 植物，植被all the plant life in a particular region or period142.habitat n. 栖息地the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs143.ecosystem n. 生态系统a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment 144.demographic adj.人口统计的relating to or concerning demography145.counterbalance vt. 使平衡，弥补balance or correct it with something that has an equal but opposite effect146.mechanism n.机理，机制a special way of getting something done within a particular system147.precipitation n.陡降，降水rain, snow, or hail148.circulation n.流通，循环movement through a circuit149.meteorology n.气象(学)the earth science dealing with phenomena of the atmosphere (especially weather)150.volcano n.火山 a fissure in the earth's crust (or in the surface of some other planet) through which molten lava and gases erupt 151.eruption n .喷发the sudden occurrence of a violent discharge of steam and volcanic materialtitude n. 纬度an imaginary line around the Earth parallel to the equator153.tropical adj.热带的；热情的；酷热的relating to or situated in or characteristic of the tropics (the region on either side of the equator)154.glacier n. 冰川a slowly moving mass of ice155.contaminate vt. 弄脏make radioactive byadding radioactive material156.irreversible adj.不可逆的incapable of being reversed157.reclaim vt..开垦改造bring, lead, or force to abandon a wrong or evil course of life, conduct, and adopt a right one158.contentious adj.有争议的inclined or showing an inclination to dispute or disagree, even to engage in law suits159.opt vi.选择select as an alternative; choose instead; prefer as an alternative160.prioritize vt.优先考虑assign a priority to 雅思阅读分类词汇——科技类（20个）161.ubiquitous adj. 普遍存在的；无所不在的seeming to be everywhere or in several places at the same time162.versatile adj. (人)多才多艺的(of a person) able to do many different things（物）通用的(of food, a building, etc.) having many different uses163.transmute v. （使）变形；（使）变质to change, or make sth. change into sth. different 164.arduous adj. 艰苦的，艰难的involving a lot of effort and energy, especially over a period of time165.pitfall n. 陷阱，隐患，未预见的困难 a danger or difficulty, especially one that is hidden or not obvious at first166.inflammable adj. 易燃的that can burn easily167.opaque adj.不透明的，不透光的，浑浊的not clear enough to see through or allow light through168.browser n.浏览器a program that lets you look at or read documents on the Internet 169.hypertext n.超文本text stored in a computer system that contains links that allow the user to move from one piece of text or document to another170.envisage v.想象，设想，展望to imagine what will happen in the future171.patent v. 授予专利；取得…的专利权adj. 专利的n. 专利权；执照；专利品a document granting an inventor sole rights to an invention172.chronological adj. 按年代顺序排列的；依时间前后排列而记载的relating to or arranged according to temporal order173.artificial adj. 人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的contrived by art rather than nature174.infrastructure n. 基础设施；公共建设；下部构造the basic structure or features of a system or organization175.hydraulic adj. 液压的；水力的；水力学的moved or operated or effected by liquid (water or oil)176.ventilation n. 通风设备；空气流通the act of supplying fresh air and getting rid of foul air; a mechanical system in a building that provides fresh air177.asymmetry n. 不对称 a lack of symmetry 178.bilateral adj. 双边的；有两边的having identical parts on each side of an axis179.paradoxical adj. 矛盾的；诡论的；似非而是的seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true180.empirical adj. 经验主义的，完全根据经验的；实证的derived from experiment and observation rather than theory雅思阅读分类词汇——心理类（20个）181.physiology n.生理学the branch of the biological sciences dealing with the functioning of organisms182.psychiatry n.精神病学the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders183.perception n.感知，认知，感觉，理解becoming aware of something via the senses 184.intuition n. 知觉，直觉instinctive knowing (without the use of rational processes)185.incentive n.动机；刺激；诱因；鼓励a positive motivational influence186.stimulus n.刺激any stimulating information or event; acts to arouse action 187.trauma n.创伤any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.；an emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects188.insomnia n.失眠症an inability to sleep; chronic sleeplessness189.workaholic n.工作狂person with a compulsive need to work190.paranoid adj.属于偏执狂的；患妄想狂的；过分猜疑的suffering from paranoian.偏执狂患者；妄想症患者 a person afflicted with paranoia191.symptom n.症状(medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease192.diagnosis n.诊断identifying the nature or cause of some phenomenon193.assertive adj. 武断的，独断的；断言的，肯定的；刚毅坚定而自信的inclined to bold and confident assertion; aggressively self-assured194.therapy n.治疗，疗法，疗效；心理治疗；治疗力(medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.)195.hypnotism n.催眠术the act of inducing hypnosis196.prescribe v.开药方issue commands or orders for197.tranquilizer n.镇静药,止痛药, 增稳装置a drug used to reduce stress or tension without reducing mental clarity198.adolescence n.青春期,青年期the time period between the beginning of puberty and adulthood199.superstition n.迷信,迷信行为；an irrational belief arising from ignorance or fear200.innate adj.天赋的, 天生的；特有的，固有的；内在的，直觉的not established by conditioning or learning;。

雅思英语易混淆的40组单词归纳•相关推荐雅思英语易混淆的40组单词归纳1.quite [kwat] 相当quiet ['kwat] 安静2.affect ['fekt] 影响，假装effect ['fekt] 效果，影响3.adapt ['dpt] 适应，改编adopt ['dpt] 采用，收养adept ['dept; 'dept] 内行，擅长...的4.angel ['end()l] 天使angle ['g()l] 角度5.dairy ['der] 牛奶厂，乳制品diary ['dar] 日记6.contend [kn'tend] 奋斗，斗争content [kn'tent] 内容7.context ['kntekst] 上下文，环境contest ['kntest] 竞争，争论8.principal ['prnsp()l] 校长，主要的principle ['prnsp()l] 原则，原理，本质9.implicit [m'plst] 含蓄的，暗示的explicit [k'splst; ek-] 明白的，直率的10.dessert [d'zt] 甜食desert ['dezt; d'zt] 沙漠 v.放弃11.pat [pt] 轻拍tap [tp] 轻打slap [slp] 掌击rap [rp] 敲，打12.descent [d'sent] 向下，血统descend [d'send] v.向下13.sweet [swit] 甜的sweat [swet] 汗水ter ['let] 后来latter ['lt] 后者15.extensive [k'stensv] 广泛的intensive [n'tensv] 深刻的16.aural ['r()l] 听力的`oral ['r()l] 口头的17.abroad ['brd] 国外aboard ['bd] 上(船，飞机)18.altar ['< 'l-] 祭坛alter ['< 'l-] 改变19.assent ['sent] 同意ascent ['sent] 上升accent ['ks()nt; -sent] 口音20.pray [pre] 祈祷prey [pre] 猎物21.chicken ['tkn]鸡kitchen ['ktn; -t()n] 厨房22.monkey ['mk] 猴子donkey ['dk] 驴23.chore [t] 家务活chord [kd] 和弦24.clash [kl] 金属撞击声crash [kr] 碰撞，坠落crush [kr] 压坏pliment ['kmplm()nt] 赞美complement ['kmplm()nt] 附加物26.confirm [kn'fm] 确认conform [kn'fm] 使顺从，使一致27.contact ['kntkt] 接触contract ['kntrkt] 合同contrast ['kntrɑst] 对照28.council ['kans()l] 议会counsel ['kans()l] 忠告，顾问，商议consul ['kns()l] 领事29.crow [kr] 乌鸦crown [kran] 王冠30.dose [ds] 一剂药doze [dz] 打盹31.drawn [drn] draw过去分词drown [dran] 溺水32.immoral ['mr()l] 不道德的immortal ['mt()l] 不朽的33.mortal 凡人的model ['mdl] 模特34.medal ['med()l] 勋章metal ['met()l] 金属mental ['ment()l] 神经的35.scare [ske] 惊吓scarce [skes] 缺乏的36.drought [drat] 天旱draught [drɑft] 通风37.except [k'sept; ek-] 除外expect [k'spekt; ek-] 期望excerpt ['ekspt] 选录exempt [g'zem(p)t; eg-] 免除38.floor [fl] 地板flour ['fla] 面粉39.march [mɑt] 三月match [mt] 比赛40.patent ['pt()nt; 'pet()nt] 专利patient ['pe()nt]potent ['pt()nt] 有力的。

雅思阅读中容易误解的雅思词汇1.dude老兄，老哥很多人认为该词单指“花花公子，纨绔子弟”的意思，实际上此词是叫男性年轻人的常用词，与guy的意思相同，只是guy用的范围更广。

例子：Hey dude look at that girl。

喂，老兄，看那个女孩2.chick女孩容易被误解为“鸡，妓女”，实际上此词是叫女孩的常用词，语气中确实有轻佻、不尊重的倾向。

例子：Look at that chick at the door。

看门口的那个女孩3.pissed off生气，不高兴千万别认为是“尿尿”的意思，piss off在字典中则是“滚开，滚蛋”的意思，实际上此词是表示“生气，不高兴”的意思，与angry同意。

例子：Man，is that guy pissed of ?哎呀，那家伙真的生气了4.Hey，Give me five嗨，好啊!此短语非常流行，经常在大片中出现，常在击掌庆贺时用。

例子：Hey，dude! Give me five!嗨，老兄，好啊!5.freak out大发脾气总是在片子中看到这个词，freak本义是“奇异的，反常的”的意思，但freak out 是“大发脾气”的意思，out也可以省略，这个词在美语中很常见，老式说法是be very upset。

例子：He‘s gonna freak他快要发脾气了6.Get out of here别开玩笑了，别骗人了大家很容易联想到“滚开”的意思，其实，现在很多时候都用在“别开玩笑了，别骗人了”的意思里，在美国片子中常可以听到。

例子：Man：You look very beautiful你很漂亮Girl?Get out of here。

别骗了7.gross真恶心此词不是“混乱”的意思，字典中gross是“总的，毛重的”的意思，实际上此词是表示“恶心”的意思与gag相近，是美国年轻人到晚挂在嘴边的词。

例子：Yuck， what is this stuff?It looks gross。

雅思常见形近义远词汇辨析1) quite 相当quiet 安静地2) affect v 影响, 假装effect n 结果, 影响3) adapt 适应adopt 采用adept 内行4) angel 天使angle 角度5) dairy 牛奶厂diary 日记6) contend 奋斗, 斗争content 内容, 满足的context 上下文contest 竞争, 比赛7) principal 校长, 主要的principle 原那么8) implicit 含蓄的explicit 明白的9) dessert 甜食desert 沙漠v 放弃dissert 写论文10) pat 轻拍tap 轻打slap 掌击rap 敲，打11) decent 正经的descent n 向下, 血统descend v 向下12) sweet 甜的sweat 汗水13) later 后来latter 后者latest 最近的lately adv 最近14) costume 服装custom 习惯15) extensive 广泛的intensive 深刻的16) aural 耳的oral 口头的17) abroad 国外aboard 上〔船，飞机〕18) altar 祭坛alter 改变19) assent 同意ascent 上升accent 口音20) champion 冠军champagne 香槟酒campaign 战役21) baron 男爵barren 不毛之地的barn 古仓22) beam 梁，光束bean 豆been have 过去式23) precede 领先proceed 进展，继续24) pray 祈祷prey 猎物25) chicken 鸡kitchen 厨房26) monkey 猴子donkey 驴27) chore 家务活chord 和弦cord 细绳28) cite 引用site 场所sight 视觉29) clash 〔金属〕幢击声crash 碰幢，坠落crush 压坏30) compliment 赞美complement 附加物31) confirm 确认conform 使顺从32) contact 接触contract 合同contrast 对照33) council 议会counsel 忠告consul 领事34) crow 乌鸦crown 王冠clown 小丑cow 牛35) dose 一剂药doze 打盹36) drawn draw 过去分词drown 溺水37) emigrant 移民到国外immigrant 从某国来的移民38) excess n 超过exceed v超过excel 擅长39) hotel 旅店hostel 青年旅社40) latitude 纬度altitude 高度gratitude 感谢41) immoral 不道德的immortal 不朽的42) lone 孤独的alone 单独的lonely 寂寞的43) mortal 会死的metal 金属mental 神经的medal 勋章model 模特meddle 玩弄44) scare 惊吓scarce 缺乏的45) drought 天旱draught 通风, 拖拉draughts (英)国际跳棋47) assure 保证ensure 使确定insure 保险48) except 除外expect 期望accept 承受excerpt 选录exempt 免除49) floor 地板flour 面粉50) incident 事件accident 意外51) inspiration 灵感aspiration 渴望52) march 三月, 前进match 比赛53) patent 专利potent 有力的potential 潜在的54) police 警察policy 政策politics 政治55) protest 抗议protect 保护56) require 需要inquire 询问enquire 询问acquire 获得57) revenge 报仇avenge 为...报仇58) story 故事storey 楼层store 商店59) strike 打stick 坚持strict 严格的60) expand 扩张expend 花费extend 延长61) commerce 商业commence 开场62) through 通过thorough 彻底的(al)though 尽管thought think 过去分词63) purpose 目的suppose 假设propose 建议64) expect 期望respect 尊敬aspect 方面inspect 视察suspect 疑心65) glide 滑翔slide 使滑行slip 跌落66) steal 偷steel 钢67) strive 努力stride 大步走68) allusion 暗示illusion 幻觉delusion 错觉elusion 逃避69) prospect 前景perspective 透视法70) stationery 文具stationary 固定的71) loose 松的lose 丧失loss n 损失lost lose过去式72) amend 改正, 修正emend 校正73) amoral 与道德无关的unmoral immoral 同义不道德的amoral。