洛阳市2014-2015学年高中三年级统一考试语文试卷(A)

洛阳市２０１４———２０１５学年高中三年级统一考试语文试卷参考答案（Ａ）一、现代文阅读（９分）１．Ｂ（答非所问）２．Ｃ（２０％是整个海上贸易的收益）３．Ｃ（使用汉字不属于“艺术”的“互融互鉴”）二、古代诗文阅读（３６分）（一）文言文阅读（１９分）４．Ｄ（“大戏”一词，意为“肆意玩乐”）５．Ａ６．Ｃ（邴绍并非被人“诬告”，而是被人告发。

诬告的意思是捏造事实，伪造证据，陷害他人。

邴绍的确说过批评朝廷的话，这可以从下文中“邴绍之言，不应闻奏”看出来）７．（１）当时武帝受宇文护的威逼，图谋与卫王一起诛杀宇文护，卫王先后经常派长孙平往来与武帝互通信息。

（译出大意给３分；“逼于”“通意”两处，每译对一处给１分）（２）但治国之道，应该依靠长远规划，请下令各州刺史、县令，以鼓励农耕积储粮食为急务。

（译出大意给２分；“资”“勒”“劝”三处，每译对一处给１分）【参考译文】长孙平，字处均，是河南洛阳人。

长孙平有器量和才干，读书很多。

任职于北周，出仕任卫王侍读。

当时武帝受宇文护的威逼，图谋与卫王一起诛杀宇文护，卫王先后经常派长孙平往来与武帝互通信息。

等到宇文护被诛杀后，拜授长孙平乐部大夫。

高祖杨坚未登基时，与长孙平情投意合，等到做了丞相，对他礼待恩遇更深。

尉迥、王谦都先后兴兵轻慢朝廷，高祖特别担心淮南地区。

当时贺若弼镇守寿阳，高祖怕他怀有二心，派遣长孙平兼程赶往替代他。

贺若弼果然违命不从，长孙平就指挥强壮的军士逮捕他，押送到京城。

开皇三年，朝廷征调长孙平任度支尚书。

长孙平见当时天下州县多遭水旱灾害，百姓不能自给，上奏建议令民间在每年秋收后各家交出粟米麦子一石以下，按贫富区别等级交纳，储存在村巷公仓，以防备灾害之年，称之为义仓。

接着呈递奏书说：“臣下听说国家以民为本，黎民以粮食为命脉，鼓励农耕重视粮食，是前代君王的法令常规。

去年大旱，关右发生饥荒，陛下调运山东的粮粟，设置平抑物价的部门，打开仓库，广泛予以赈济恩赐，大德洪恩，可以说到了极至。

河南省洛阳市2014届高三2013-2014学年上学期期中考试语文试卷（A）第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）古代的“城管”从现代考古发现来看，中国至少在夏商周的“三代”时期就有城市了，但和现代功能较为接近的城市，到春秋战国时期才出现，如齐国的首都临淄。

据《战国策·齐策》记载，当时有7万户，仅以现代一户3口的最低标准来算，总人口也达到了21万。

城市大了，人口多了，治安、卫生、交通等一系列问题也就多了。

在这种情况下，古代城管应运而生。

从史料上看，古代城管除负责环卫、拆违章建筑、禁止占道经营外，还得“防火缉盗”，有的还有管理市场物价、维持公平交易和社会治安的义务，是真正的“综合执法”，权力也比现代城管大。

古代的城管队员叫法不少，或称“胥”，或称“卒”，还有称“市吏”“监市”等等。

但在事实上，古代并没有现代城管局这样的专职机构，自然也无城管队员一说。

古代早期城管常由士兵充当。

在北宋的都城东京开封，朝廷便设有相当于现代街道城管队的“街道司”，并相应成立了由500名兵士组成的执法队伍，以保持开封的正常交通秩序和环境卫生。

明代的北京，由相当于今北京卫戍区或武装警察部队的“五城兵马司”来承担现代城管局的大部分职能。

清代的北京，还专设了“督理街道衙门”，主要负责外城的街道管理、民房修建等，破坏公用设施、侵占下水道等不良行为，都是督理街道衙门的执法对象。

到了晚清，西方的一套城管制度被引入中国，由警察承担起了现代城管的工作。

在古代，现代城管中的两大难题——占道经营和违章搭建，同样十分突出，且历代不绝。

古代城管也为此伤透脑筋。

在唐代的长安和洛阳，不少商户为了扩大经营面积，非要在门面（正铺）外多占一块（偏铺）。

在李显（唐中宗）当皇帝时的景龙年间，朝廷不得不以敕令的形式，发布了一则当时的最高“城管通知”：两京市场上各行业，凡自有正铺者，不得在铺前再建造偏铺。

宋代称占道经营为“侵街”，为了防止侵街行为的发生，宋代城管想出了一个法子，在沿街要道旁立“表木”，标记出范围。

洛阳市2014——2015学年高中三年级第二次统一考试语文试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分，满分150分。

考试时间150分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。

2．非选择题用0．5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔直接写在答题卷上海题对应的答题区域内，答在试题卷上无效。

3．考试结束后，请将答题卷上交。

第Ⅰ卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

翻阅我国传统的典籍可以发现，“法治”一词很早就出现了。

从这些古代典籍对“法”的论断中，可以看出，我国从法产生的初始阶段，提到法，即与“刑”“罚”相关，注重的就是法的约束和惩治作用，而并非侧重于它的保障和促进作用。

历史上的法家，基于对这样的“法”的认识，基于对人性恶的认识，提出的“法治”的一整套国家治理方式，终究是君王统治约束臣民的工具。

这样的“法治”，虽也有“刑过不避大臣，赏善不遗匹夫”（韩非子），“同功者，同赏；同罪者，同罚”（管仲），“王子犯法与庶民同罪”（商鞅）的公平与正义，但仍不入人心。

一向推崇忠恕与仁爱的中华民族，对法治是心存避讳的。

百姓在内心深处仍然寄希望于“青天大老爷”主持公道，而不是依赖于统治阶层所颁布的法律。

“青天大老爷”折射出的传统文化心理，也正是贤人政治的典型体现。

也正因如此，我国的“法治”常被“人治”代替，也因此多受诟病。

中国当前守法现状，仍处在源于功利主义和恐惧惩戒的阶段，还远未达到更高层级的法治信仰。

提到“法”，多的是内心的畏惧，少的是信仰上的遵从。

很多人面对规则制度首先想到的不是去遵守而是去突破。

在中国这样一个由“礼不下庶人、刑不上大夫”的封建等级社会一步步走来的国度，能够实现由“人治”向“法治”的转变，还有漫长的路。

法律的权威源自人民内心拥护和真诚信仰。

人民权益要靠法律保障，法律权威要靠人民维护。

必须弘扬社会主义法治精神，建设社会主义法治文化，增强全社会厉行法治的积极性和主动性，形成守法光荣、违法可耻的社会氛围，使全体人民都成为社会主义法治的忠实崇尚者、自觉遵守者、坚定捍卫者。

市2014——2015学年高中三年级第三次统一考试英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe first time I hiked to the bottom of Grand Canyon National Park, I knew I wanted to be a park ranger（管理员）. Now, as one of the park rangers of the National Park Service, I will show you what park rangers do.Interpretive park rangers teach people about what makes each national park special and what we can do to take care of it. We lead hikers, teach school field trips, and work at visitor centers. Protective park rangers make sure visitors follow the rules while exploring the parks. They complete special law enforcement（强制）training to do their jobs. They may also rescue sick visitors, and provide medical care. They all have already had special training. Rangers who work in smaller parks might do many of these jobs at once.Park rangers wear a uniform. The flat hat protects us from the hot sun, and hiking boots allow us to walk rocky trails. The National Park Service symbol on the sleeve of our uniform shirt helps visitors recognize us so they can ask for assistance.Being a park ranger requires a lot of energy. We walk several miles and talk with hundreds of people each day. Nearly 5 million people visit Grand Canyon National Park every year; interpretive park rangers must enjoy working with people and speaking in front of groups. Rangers must also be prepared for any situation. Recently, I broke up a traffic jam caused by a huge male elk（麋鹿）standing in the road. Elk can become dangerous when they get scared, so I asked visitors to park their cars and take pictures from a distance. Believe it or not, I also help protect people from squirrels（松鼠）. It is prohibited to feed, approach or scare wild animals in national parks.Park ranger jobs are very competitive, so having special training is required. Many park rangers start as volunteers or seasonal employees and work their way up to permanent jobs. We often work at many parks during our careers.21. If a hiker feels sick in the national park, he will get medical treatment from _______.A. other visitorsB. park managersC. interpretive park rangersD. protective park rangers22. According to the passage, visitors in national parks can ________.A. give food to hungry animalsB. get close to animalsC. take pictures of animalsD. fright animals away23. What does this text mainly talk about?A. People like to explore the national park.B. Fun facts about the national park.C. What tourists should do in national parks.D. What it’s like to be a national park ranger.BThere is a reason we are told to cover our noses when a sneeze is coming - to prevent the spread of germs that carry air-borne diseases. Scientists have known of germs that travel even longer distances than just what our sneezes can carry, sometimes carried in the air by winds.Have you noticed droplets（飞沫）that form when you cough or sneeze? But very rarely do we notice the invisible cloud of gas that forms to carry the infectious（传染的）droplets over greater distances, and sometimes adding five to 200 times the normal distances! In the past researchers at MIT （Massachusetts Institute of Technology）have assumed that larger droplets fly farther than smaller ones because they have more momentum（动力）due to their speed. It turns out that the track of each droplet is totally unconnected to those around it. The interaction of the droplets makes gas clouds.The distance that the germs travel is also a function of the air conditions. Scientists are now starting to focus on how liquid blew out with a sneeze and cough, to better understand epidemic（流行的）diseases that could occur in populations.This knowledge certainly calls for changing the air frequently to reduce the change of air-borne germs being transmitted among people in closed atmospheres in places such as hospitals, closed offices, inside an aircraft and even classrooms!24. Why do we need to cover our cough or sneeze?A. To reduce noise.B. To avoid spreading germs.C. Because we are told to do so.D. Because we are polite.25. From paragraph 2, we can know ________.A. what causes cough or sneezeB. how gas clouds formC. smaller droplets travel fasterD. droplets are tightly linked26. Now the scientists start to know the spread of epidemic diseases by studying the _____.A. spread of dropletsB. movement of peopleC. kinds of diseasesD. functions of germs27. We can learn from the last paragraph that the air in classrooms should be often _____.A. circulatedB. driedC. testedD. dampedCIs the way to a dog’s heart through its stomach? No one believes this more than KrisRotonda and Denise Fernandez. The couple built the Doggy Cooking Network and founded an online dating website named YouMustLoveDogsDating so that dog-loving singles can connect with potential mates.Their Doggy Cooking Network on a video website called YouTube taps is close to the popularity of cooking shows like “The Pioneer Woman” and “Barefoot Contessa” to show pet owners how to cook f resh, homemade food for their dogs. “The idea is simple. Food brings families together,” Fernandez said. “Only the owners who are really dedicated to their dogs are willing to cook for them.”The U. S. Food and Drug Administration has received reports that dog and cat food made abroad have killed 1,000 dogs and sickened more than 4, 800 pets since 2007. Worried pet owners can find easy home-made recipes in Rotonda and Fernandez’s cooking shows. In their videos, they use simple food materials like chicken, rice and eggs. They make everything from frozen yogurt bars and sweet bean rice to birthday cake. Fernandez and Rotonda are not professional chefs. But they display quick and easy ways to please a pet’s palates（味觉）after testing the dishes on their four dogs. This is important for viewers as they learn a lot to save time and money of pet care. Viewers of Doggy Cooking Network cook the food for their dogs and show off their finished dishes during the four-minute cooking segments（片段）. They started their own shows about three months ago. Shows are being posted once a week on YouTube, but they hope to expand soon.28. Kris Rotonda and Denise Fernandez founded Doggy Cooking Network to ________.A. make dog owners be friendsB. make themselves famousC. show ways to cook for dogsD. earn some extra money29. According to Fernandez, who is willing to cook for dogs?A. Delighted owners.B. Devoted owners.C. Depressed owners.D. Responsible owners.30. It is meaningful to cook for dogs in easy and quick ways because it can _________.A. please pets’ palatesB. see what dogs like to eatC. reduce time spent on dogsD. cook fresh food for dogs31. What’s the best title of this passage?A. Would You Cook a Meal for Your DogB. Let’s Upload Cooking Videos on WebC. Dog Food Products Are No Longer SafeD. Pet Owners Meet With Each OtherDEach year about 8. 8 million tons of plastic ends up in the world oceans, according to a new study. It tracked marine debris（海洋废弃物）from its source. That’s the equal amount offive grocery bags full of plastic wastes dropped into the oceans from each foot of coastline around the world, so people should stop or reduce dumping wastes into the oceans. So says the study’s lead autho r, Jenna Jambeck, an environment engineering professor at the University of Georgia.At the current rate, Jambeck projects, by 2025, the total accumulated plastic wastes in the oceans will reach around 170 million tons based on population trends and continued waste management handling problems. “We need to wake up and see our waste, and we shouldn’t do that without any control,” Jambeck said.While a certain developing country is responsible for 2. 4 million tons of plastic wastes that makes their way into the ocean, nearly 28 percent of the world total, the United States contributes just 77,000 tons, which is less than 1 percent, according to the study published Thursday in a scientific journal. This is mostly because developed countries have systems to collect plastic wastes, Jambeck said.The amount of plastics estimated to be going into the water is equal to how much tuna （金枪鱼）is fished per year. So “we are taking out tuna and putting in plastic,” said the study coauthor, Kara Lavendar Law.Jambeck used World Bank statistics on 192 countries’ waste streams to track and estimate plastic pollution from the source. She examined how much waste is generated and the percentage that reaches the oceans. Jambeck’s estimates were for 2014 and ranged between 5 and 14 million tons of plastic. Previous estimates were less than 1 million tons, based on samples. Scientists say that much can be hidden in the bottom of the ocean and in places researchers cannot get to.32. What does the word “that” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Managing the waste problems.B. Dumping wastes into the oceans.C. Increasing the world population.D. Tracking marine debris.33. Some countries contribute more wastes to the oceans than others mostly because they _ ______.A. have more pollutionB. may have more populationC. cannot deal with plastic wastes wellD. have systems to collect plastic wastes34. Jambeck’s attitude towards pouting wastes into the oceans is ________.A. objectiveB. puzzlingC. enthusiasticD. opposed35. We can infer from the last paragraph that previous estimates were ________.A. more than realB. less than realC. higher than Jambeck’s estimatesD. equal to Jambeck’s estimates第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

第Ⅰ卷阅读题（70分）甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成后面题目。

①神话“是人类心理在最基层水平上的象征和形象的表现”,西方神话学理论认为，神话中最早出现的是创世神话，这是神话发展的第一个阶段.这个时期人尚未完全意识列自己的存在，自我意识刚刚萌芽,与客观世界混沌为一的动物意识还占着上风主宰着人类.②英雄神话的产生是神话发展的第二个阶段,“在英雄神话中，世界作为宇宙的中心，而人则处于世界的中心”。

③可以看出，有些西方神话学理论对于神话的分类，主要不是根据神话的内容，而是根据神话所体现的人类意识和精神的成长历程，也就是根据神话所蕴含的哲学观念。

这种植根于以希腊神话为代表的西方神话和历史文化土壤中的西方神话理论，未必适用于中国神话.④产生于自然崇拜观念基础上的希腊神话，其新神、旧神之间不但界限清楚，而且由于自然崇拜观念的统一性，具有一个内在统一的普遍的神系以及处于神系统治地位的主神。

具有内在统一性和系统性的神话便于容纳和展示系统的东西，所以，人类意识和精神的发展能够在其中比较清晰地反映出来。

正因为如此，希腊神话在被哲学家、思想家批判、扬弃之后，才能被希腊哲学吸收，成为希腊精神的原型。

⑤与希腊神话不同，主要是产生于祖先崇拜观念基础上的中国神话，不但新神、旧神之间的界限不清楚，而且由于祖先崇拜所崇拜的对象不同，所以始终没有形成一个内在统一的普遍的神系以及处于核心地位上的主神。

⑥中华民族形成和发展的历史道路与古希腊根本不同。

夏、商、周三个王朝的前身分别是以原始氏族血缘关系为基础的夏部族、商部族和周部族。

他们各自生息、发展于一隅,后来才先后入主中原，成为天下的共主。

地位虽然变了,但是，在统治阶级内部仍然保持着原先的那种血缘亲族关系.不同血缘、不同祖先的夏、商、周三朝不但在政治上相互排斥，而且在文化上也难于相容。

一旦推翻旧王朝，前朝一切统统废弃,一切重新开始。

各部族内部都盛行祖先崇拜，但只崇拜和神化自己部族的祖先，而排斥和贬抑其他部族的祖先.夏、商、周各有自己祖先的神话，但彼此却不能继承和发展，前一个朝代的神话在后一个朝代得不到重视和继续加工的机会。

洛阳市2014--2015学年第二学期期末考试高一语文试卷(A)注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。

2．考试结束，将答题卷交回。

第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、古代诗文阅读(共38分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文言文，完成l一4题。

申徽，字世仪，魏郡人也。

父早卒。

徽少与母居，尽力孝养。

及长，好经史。

性审慎，不妄交游。

元颢入洛，以元邃为东徐州刺史，邃引徽为主簿。

颢败邃被槛车送洛阳故吏宾客并委去唯徽送之及邃得免乃广集宾友叹徽有古人风寻除太尉府行参军。

孝武初，徽以洛阳兵难未已，遂间行入关见周文。

周文与语，奇之。

周文察徽沉密有度量，每事信委之，乃为大行台郎中。

时军国草创，幕府务殷，四方书檄皆徽之辞也。

河桥之役，大军不利，近侍之官分散者众，徽独不离左右，魏帝称叹之。

十年，迁给事黄门侍郎。

授刘彦刺史。

频征不奉诏，又南通吐谷浑，将图叛逆。

文帝难于动众，欲以权略致之，乃以徽为河西大使，密令图彦。

徽轻以五十骑行，既至，止于宾馆。

彦见徽单使，不以为疑，徽乃遣一人微劝彦归朝，以揣其意，彦不从。

徽又使赞成其住计，彦便从之，遂来至馆。

徽先与瓜州豪右密谋执彦，遂叱而缚之。

彦辞无罪，徽数之曰：“计君之咎，实不容诛。

但受诏之日，本令相送归阙，所恨不得即申明罚，以谢边远耳。

”于是宣诏慰劳吏人及彦所部，复云大军续至，城内无敢动者。

十二年，以徽信洽西土，拜瓜州刺史。

徽在州五稔，俭约率下，边人乐而安之。

徽性勤至，凡所居官，案牍无大小皆亲自省览，以是事无稽滞，吏不得为奸。

后虽历公卿，此志不懈。

出为襄州刺史。

时南方初附，旧俗官人皆通饷遗。

徽性廉慎，乃画杨震像于寝室以自戒。

及代还，人吏送者数十里不绝。

徽自以元德于人，慨然怀愧，因赋诗，题于清水亭。

长幼闻之，皆竞来就读，并写诵之。

(节选自《北史·申徽传》)1．对下列句子中加点的词语的解释，不正确的一项是(3分)A．遂间行人关见周文间行：从小路走。

B．频征不奉诏征：征召。

洛阳市2014——2015学年高中三年级第三次统一考试英语试卷第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。

2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上相应的位置。

3．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。

4．结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

5．听力不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给学校作参考。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AThe first time I hiked to the bottom of Grand Canyon National Park, I knew I wanted to be a park ranger（管理员）. Now, as one of the park rangers of the National Park Service, I will show you what park rangers do.Interpretive park rangers teach people about what makes each national park special and what we can do to take care of it. We lead hikers, teach school field trips, and work at visitor centers. Protective park rangers make sure visitors follow the rules while exploring the parks. They complete special law enforcement（强制）training to do their jobs. They may also rescue sick visitors, and provide medical care. They all have already had special training. Rangers who work in smaller parks might do many of these jobs at once.Park rangers wear a uniform. The flat hat protects us from the hot sun, and hiking boots allow us to walk rocky trails. The National Park Service symbol on the sleeve of our uniform shirt helps visitors recognize us so they can ask for assistance.Being a park ranger requires a lot of energy. We walk several miles and talk with hundreds of people each day. Nearly 5 million people visit Grand Canyon National Park every year; interpretive park rangers must enjoy working with people and speaking in front of groups. Rangers must also be prepared for any situation. Recently, I broke up a traffic jam caused by a huge male elk（麋鹿）standing in the road. Elk can become dangerous when they get scared, so I asked visitors to park their cars and take pictures from a distance. Believe it or not, I also help protect people from squirrels（松鼠）. It is prohibited to feed, approach or scare wild animals in national parks.Park ranger jobs are very competitive, so having special training is required. Many park rangers start as volunteers or seasonal employees and work their way up to permanent jobs. We often work at many parks during our careers.21. If a hiker feels sick in the national park, he will get medical treatment from _______.A. other visitorsB. park managersC. interpretive park rangersD. protective park rangers22. According to the passage, visitors in national parks can ________.A. give food to hungry animalsB. get close to animalsC. take pictures of animalsD. fright animals away23. What does this text mainly talk about?A. People like to explore the national park.B. Fun facts about the national park.C. What tourists should do in national parks.D. What it’s like to be a national park ranger.BThere is a reason we are told to cover our noses when a sneeze is coming - to prevent the spread of germs that carry air-borne diseases. Scientists have known of germs that travel even longer distances than just what our sneezes can carry, sometimes carried in the air by winds.Have you noticed droplets（飞沫）that form when you cough or sneeze? But very rarely do we notice the invisible cloud of gas that forms to carry the infectious（传染的）droplets over greater distances, and sometimes adding five to 200 times the normal distances! In the past researchers at MIT （Massachusetts Institute of Technology）have assumed that larger droplets fly farther than smaller ones because they have more momentum（动力）due to their speed. It turns out that the track of each droplet is totally unconnected to those around it. The interaction of the droplets makes gas clouds.The distance that the germs travel is also a function of the air conditions. Scientists are now starting to focus on how liquid blew out with a sneeze and cough, to better understand epidemic（流行的）diseases that could occur in populations.This knowledge certainly calls for changing the air frequently to reduce the change of air-borne germs being transmitted among people in closed atmospheres in places such as hospitals, closed offices, inside an aircraft and even classrooms!24. Why do we need to cover our cough or sneeze?A. To reduce noise.B. To avoid spreading germs.C. Because we are told to do so.D. Because we are polite.25. From paragraph 2, we can know ________.A. what causes cough or sneezeB. how gas clouds formC. smaller droplets travel fasterD. droplets are tightly linked26. Now the scientists start to know the spread of epidemic diseases by studying the ________.A. spread of dropletsB. movement of peopleC. kinds of diseasesD. functions of germs27. We can learn from the last paragraph that the air in classrooms should be often ________.A. circulatedB. driedC. testedD. dampedCIs the way to a dog’s heart through its stomach? No one believes this more than Kris Rotonda and Denise Fernandez. The couple built the Doggy Cooking Network and founded an online dating website named YouMustLoveDogsDating so that dog-loving singles can connect with potential mates.Their Doggy Cooking Network on a video website called YouTube taps is close to the popularity of cooking shows like “The Pioneer Woman” and “Barefoot Contessa” to show pet owners how to cook fresh, homemade food for their dogs. “The idea is simple. Food brings families together,” Fernandez said. “Only the owners who are really dedicated to their dogs are willing to cook for them.”The U. S. Food and Drug Administration has received reports that dog and cat food made abroad have killed 1,000 dogs and sickened more than 4, 800 pets since 2007. Worried pet owners can find easy home-made recipes in Rotonda and Fernandez’s cooking shows. In their videos, they use simple food materials like chicken, rice and eggs. They make everything from frozen yogurt bars and sweet bean rice to birthday cake. Fernandez and Rotonda are not professional chefs. But they display quick and easy ways to please a pet’s palates（味觉）after testing the dishes on their four dogs. This is important for viewers as they learn a lot to save time and money of pet care. Viewers of Doggy Cooking Network cook the food for their dogs and show off their finished dishes during the four-minute cooking segments（片段）. They started their own shows about three months ago. Shows are being posted once a week on YouTube, but they hope to expand soon.28. Kris Rotonda and Denise Fernandez founded Doggy Cooking Network to ________.A. make dog owners be friendsB. make themselves famousC. show ways to cook for dogsD. earn some extra money29. According to Fernandez, who is willing to cook for dogs?A. Delighted owners.B. Devoted owners.C. Depressed owners.D. Responsible owners.30. It is meaningful to cook for dogs in easy and quick ways because it can _________.A. please p ets’ palatesB. see what dogs like to eatC. reduce time spent on dogsD. cook fresh food for dogs31. What’s the best title of this passage?A. Would You Cook a Meal for Your DogB. Let’s Upload Cooking Videos on WebC. Dog Food Products Are No Longer SafeD. Pet Owners Meet With Each OtherDEach year about 8. 8 million tons of plastic ends up in the world oceans, according to a new study. It tracked marine debris（海洋废弃物）from its source. That’s the equal amount of five grocery bags full of plastic wastes dropped into the oceans from each foot of coastline around the world, so people should stop or reduce dumping wastes into the oceans. So says the study’s lead author, Jenna Jambeck, an environment engineering professor at the University of Georgia.At the current rate, Jambeck projects, by 2025, the total accumulated plastic wastes in the oceans will reach around 170 million tons based on population trends and continued waste management handling problems. “We need to wake up and see our waste, and we shouldn’t do that without any control,” Jambeck said.While a certain developing country is responsible for 2. 4 million tons of plastic wastes that makes their way into the ocean, nearly 28 percent of the world total, the United States contributes just 77,000 tons, which is less than 1 percent, according to the study published Thursday in a scientific journal. This is mostly because developed countries have systems to collect plastic wastes, Jambeck said.The amount of plastics estimated to be going into the water is equal to how much tuna（金枪鱼）is fished per year. So “we are taking out tuna and putting in plasti c,” said the study coauthor, Kara Lavendar Law.Jambeck used World Bank statistics on 192 countries’ waste streams to track and estimate plastic pollution from the source. She examined how much waste is generated and the percentage that reaches the oceans. Jambeck’s estimates were for 2014 and ranged between 5 and 14 million tons of plastic. Previous estimates were less than 1 million tons, based on samples. Scientists say that much can be hidden in the bottom of the ocean and in places researchers cannot get to.32. What does the word “that” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Managing the waste problems.B. Dumping wastes into the oceans.C. Increasing the world population.D. Tracking marine debris.33. Some countries contribute more wastes to the oceans than others mostly because they _______.A. have more pollutionB. may have more populationC. cannot deal with plastic wastes wellD. have systems to collect plastic wastes34. Jambeck’s attitude towards pouting wastes into the oceans is ________.A. objectiveB. puzzlingC. enthusiasticD. opposed35. We can infer from the last paragraph that previous estimates were ________.A. more than realB. less than realC. higher th an Jambeck’s estimatesD. equal to Jambeck’s estimates第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

天一大联考（原豫东、豫北十所名校联考）2014-2015学年高中毕业班阶段性测试（三）安阳一中郸城一高扶沟高中鹤壁高中淮阳中学济源一中开封高中灵宝一高洛阳一高林州一中内黄一中南阳一中南阳五中平顶山一中濮阳一高商丘一高太康一高温县一中新乡一中夏邑高中信阳高中（学校名称按其拼音首字母顺序排列）本试题卷分第1卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分。

考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。

考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第1卷阅读题必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

技术与人的关系，是一个不断演变的历史过程。

在手工劳动中，原始技术同劳动者不可分离。

手工劳动的技术，是最原始的技术，表现为劳动者的技能，即手控制手工工具的能力，亦称手工技能。

这种原始技术本质上是人的体能。

人的体能有两种功能：一是改变物体状态的能力，即体力。

二是控制物体的能力，在手工劳动中就表现为控制手工工具的能力。

这就是最早的技术——体技或手技。

所有的技术都是人对自己的超越。

人的双手的动作不准确、不精确，而手工技术追求的就是一准二精。

这种准确性和精确性的提高，不是通过工具，而是通过劳动者的苦练得来的。

“熟能生巧”，这“巧”是手之巧，靠的是熟练。

手工技能是由双手的动作的准和精表现出来的，它在一定程度上超越了人的生理局限，提高了人的生理功能，是“生理性技术”。

手工技能很难用语言文字来表达，它本身也不是知识，也不需要知识作为前提条件。

它只可意会，不可言传。

别人要学习这种技能，主要靠动作的模仿和用心去领悟。

这种技术的传授必须面对面进行。

这种手工技能是劳动者的身体所具有的，存在于劳动者体内，离开了劳动者的双手，这种技能就不再存在。

这种技能与其说是“社会的”，不如说是个人的，它不可能在空间上大规模传播，也不可能在时间上世代相传。

由于人具有高度的个性，所以手工技能也具有一定的个性。

洛阳市2015一一-2016学年高中三年级统一考试语文试卷参考答案一、现代文阅读(9分）1.C(耻感文化有助于“形成“奋发有为的民族精神，但它本身并不”是＂奋发有为的民族精神）原文说的是“在这种价值追求的基础上＇＼追求的是道德品格和人生品行，而不是＂耻感文化“，选项中“它”指代错误）3.A(因果关系错误）二、古代诗文阅读(36分）（一）文言文阅读(19分）4.B5.AC河上就指黄河边。

）6.C (说霍彦威靠着淳千晏的帮助学会了礼节，于文无据。

）（二）古代诗歌阅读(11分）7.(1)天子不加宽恕，一心想要剿灭他们。

现在应当与城中军队会合，打退各镇的军队。

（＂垂原宥＂、“合势”各1分，句子大意3分。

）(2)朱守殷造反，被杀，霍彦威派使臣骑马给明宗献上两支箭作为庆贺，明宗赐给他两支箭作为回报。

（“伏诛＂、＂驰骑"、“报”各1分，句子大意2分。

）参考译文：霍彦威字子重，洛州曲周人。

年少时遭遇兵乱，梁将霍存抢掠得到他，收为养子。

后未事奉梁太祖，太祖也喜欢他，升迁为邠宁节度使。

李茂贞派后梁的叛将刘知俊攻打邠州，霍彦威坚守一年多，每次捉到刘知俊的俘虏，一定放还，刘知俊感激他，后来就不再进攻了。

迁徙到天平，和后晋的军队在黄河边相互对峙。

后唐庄宗平灭了后梁，霍彦威从陕州来朝见，庄宗摆酒宴，赐霍彦威姓名叫李绍真。

笫二年，调任镇守武宁，跟随明宗进攻契丹，明宗喜爱他的为人，非常亲近厚爱他。

后来，赵在礼造反，霍彦威被派到邢州单独讨伐赵太，平定赵太后，回师带兵归属明宗讨伐赵在礼。

明宗的军队哗变，纵火焚营吵啋呼叫：“城中之人有什么罪，戍卒思归不得回家罢了！天子不加宽恕，一心想要剿灭他们。

现在应当与城中军队会合，打退各镇的军队。

”霍彦威与安重诲劝明宗答应兵士们，于是带兵入城，霍彦威自己不进城。

明宗手下留在城外的军士都溃散了，只有霍彦威所卒五千人在城西北角安营未动。

过了两天，明宗又出城，得到霍彦威的军队，于是前往魏县。

洛阳市2014——2015学年第二学期期末考试高一语文试卷参考答案一、古代诗文阅读(共38分)1.C(谢:谢罪)(3分)2.A(3分)3.D(“吏民争相送行,他题写在亭上的诗,广受百姓喜爱”是申徽卸任襄州刺史离开时和离开后发生的事情)(3分)4.(1)申徽就派一个人暗暗地(或私下里)劝说刘彦归顺朝廷,用来揣测刘彦的意图,刘彦不听从｡(译出大意给2分;“微”“以”“从”三处,每译对一处给1分,共5分)(2)凡是在做官期间,文书案卷不论大小都要亲自查看,因此事情没有被积压拖延的,官吏不能做邪恶狡诈的事｡(译出大意给2分;“案牍”“无”“稽滞”三处,每译对一处给1分,共5分)参考译文:申徽,字世仪,是魏郡人｡他的父亲去世早,申徽小时和母亲一起生活,他尽力孝敬奉养母亲｡等到年长的时候,爱好经史｡他生性谨慎,不胡乱与人交往｡元颢进入洛阳,任用元邃做东徐州刺史,元邃召引申徽做主簿｡元颢失败,元邃被装入囚车押送到洛阳,元邃原先的官吏宾客都抛弃他而离开,只有申徽去送别他｡等元邃得到赦免,就广召宾客朋友聚会,赞叹申徽有古人风骨｡不久就任命他做太尉府行参军｡孝武帝初年,申徽因为洛阳战乱还没有结束,就从小路走进入关中拜见周文帝｡周文帝和他交谈,认为他是个奇才｡文帝观察申徽深沉细密有度量,每逢有事都很信任地委托他去办,于是做了大行台郎中｡当时军队和国家刚刚建立,幕府的事务很多,四方文书檄文都是申徽写的｡河桥之战,朝廷的大军出师不利,近侍官吏逃散得很多,只有申徽不离左右,魏帝称赞他｡(大统)十年,升任给事黄门侍郎｡朝廷授给刘彦刺史｡频频征召他都不接受命令,又在南方勾结吐谷浑,将要图谋叛乱｡文帝动用大军镇压比较困难,想用灵活的谋略擒拿他｡于是让申徽做河西大使,秘密命令申徽谋取刘彦｡申徽率轻骑五十人出发,到了以后,住在宾馆｡刘彦见申徽单独一人前来,就不怀疑他｡申徽就派一个人暗暗地劝说刘彦归顺朝廷,用来揣测刘彦的意图,刘彦不听从｡申徽又派人赞助促成刘彦到宾馆议事,刘彦就听从了他,于是来到宾馆｡申徽先前已和瓜州的豪门大户秘密商议捉拿刘彦,于是就呵叱捆绑了刘彦｡刘彦说自己没有罪,申徽———列举他的罪状说:“统计你的罪行,实在是杀了你也抵不了你的罪行｡但在我接受朝廷的命令那天,本是要我把你送到朝廷,遗憾的是我不能立即申明法度将你惩处,来向边地的百姓谢罪｡”于是宣读诏书慰问官吏､老百姓和刘彦的下属,又说大军接着就到,城内没有人敢闹事｡十二年,因为申徽讲信用,与边地的老百姓关系融洽,被任命为瓜州刺史｡申徽在瓜州五年,以身作则,勤俭节约,边地的老百姓乐来而安定｡申徽生性非常勤奋,在做官期间,文书案卷不论大小都要亲自查看,因此事情没有被积压拖延的,官吏不能做邪恶狡诈的事｡后来虽然达到公卿的职位,但这个作风一点不松懈｡出京城做襄州刺史｡当时南方刚刚归附,按过去的风俗官员都相互交往馈赠钱财｡申徽生性廉洁谨慎,于是就画了廉吏杨震的像放在寝室且来自我告诫｡等到被替代回京,老百姓和官吏送他的人几十里不断绝｡申徽自以为对百姓没有什么恩德,内心感慨感到惭愧,于是写了一首诗,题在清水亭上｡无论年长年幼,听说这诗,都争着前来阅读,人们纷纷抄写吟诵这首诗｡5.①自然变迁､亲朋衰老白头,作者为时光流逝而愁｡(如把“经行几处江山改”理解作为国土沦丧､山河破碎而愁也可) ②归隐吧,难道人一定要到封侯才肯罢休不成?作者为无法成就功业(壮志难酬)而愁｡③希望像浮云一样自由自在,作者为身在官场不自由而愁｡(每答出一点给2分,共6分)6.①“愁还随我上高楼”运用化抽象为形象(或:化无形为有形､拟人)的手法,生动形象地表现了作者心中的惆怅无法排解的境况,奠定全词的情感基调｡②“归休去,去归休”直抒胸臆,表达希望致仕归隐的心愿｡③“不成人总要封侯?”运用反问的手法,词人反躬自问,用强烈的语气表达了无法成就可封侯的功业的愤懑｡④“得似浮云也自由”运用比喻手法,希望自己像浮云一样逍遥自在,表达了对不自由的游宦羁旅生活的痛感｡(每答对一种给2分,两种全对即可得满分)7.(每空1分,共8分)(1)金就砺则利则知明而行无过矣(2)其势不俱生以先国家之急而后私仇也(3)何妨吟啸且徐行一蓑烟雨任平生(4)英雄无觅孙仲谋处风流总被雨打风吹去二、文学类文本阅读(25分)8.AB(C“在遥远的雕刻取得成就后才真正地爱上了遥远”错,她和丈夫闹也是出于对他的爱｡D“她预感到歌中的‘姑娘’就是她自己”错,她没有这预感｡E这不是他喜欢瓜皮的原因,真正的原因是他对瓜皮有感觉)(每对一项给2分,全对5分)9.①遥远一边雕刻一边这样唱歌,表现了他对工作的怡然陶醉和对生活的热爱｡②推动情节的发展,妻子据此认为遥远的内心藏着一个和瓜皮有关和姑娘有关的故事,便开始和他闹｡③与结尾唱“半个瓜皮爬上来”相呼应,表现遥远对妻子始终不渝的挚爱｡(每答对一点给2分,共6分)10.①专注痴迷｡他不嫌瓜皮恶心,全神投入地雕刻瓜皮,陶醉其中｡②深沉调皮｡任凭妻子怎样和他闹,他就是不告诉她关于瓜皮和姑娘的故事,总是嬉皮笑脸的表情｡③乐观阳光｡他边雕刻边唱歌,说到艰难的往事哈哈大笑说啥苦啊,都过去了｡④深爱妻子｡他在瓜皮上雕刻美丽女子的剪影时,在唱“半个月亮爬上来”时,想的念的都是妻子｡⑤惜福感恩｡他感谢妻子不嫌他卑微和贫穷,让他过上了幸福的生活,快乐地刻瓜皮､唱歌,希望所有的瓜皮雕刻都是献给她的最美的礼物｡(每答出一点给2分,答对三点即可)11.①从表达上说,形象地突出瓜皮的动态意象,紧扣主人公遥远专注和精到的瓜皮雕刻技艺｡②从人物形象塑造上说,这是遥远改唱的歌词,表现了他乐观的形象｡③从情感上说,这是遥远唱给妻子的歌词,表现了他对妻子的挚爱｡④从情节上说,“半个瓜皮爬上来”是结尾处遥远所唱的歌词,照应上文他平常唱的“半个月亮爬上来”,感情由含而不露升华到明朗热烈｡⑤从小说氛围的营造上说,他营造了一种别致甚至有些滑稽的氛围,衬托出遥远对生活､对爱人真纯的爱,也写出了生活的真实和美好｡(每答出一点给2分,答对四点即可得满分)三､名著阅读(5分)12.国王克劳狄斯觉察罪行败露,借哈姆莱特错杀御前大臣波洛涅斯之事,假惺惺地送他去英国避难,(1分)却在国书中要求英王见到哈姆莱特后立刻将其处决｡(1分)13.阴谋没有得逞｡(1分)因为王子在途中偷拆开了随行者所带的密信,知道了其中的秘密,于是偷改了密信,让两个卖友的小人代自己去英国受死,他则潜回丹麦｡(2分)四､语言文字运用(22分)14.D(A靥yàn—yè;B甘淋—甘霖;C萧鼓—箫鼓)15.B(B“纷至沓来”形容接连不断的到来｡A 求田问舍:指只知道置办产业,谋求个人私利｡比喻没有远大志向｡多含贬义｡C春秋,指年龄｡鼎盛,正当旺盛之时｡指人正当壮年｡这样祝愿欠妥｡D不知所云:不知道说得是什么｡指语言紊乱或空洞｡误用为听话人听不懂) 16.A(B两面和一面不照应,去掉两个“否”或者两个“能否”｡C“故乡都是山东济南人”主宾搭配不当,删去“的故乡”或“人”｡D表意不明,在“两侧”后加上“各”)17.C18.刚才,我们陪伴情意缠绵的柳永感受了一种刻骨铭心的离别之苦,接下来,让我们来倾听旷世奇才苏东坡置身赤壁古战场时发出的奔放强音,请欣赏《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》｡(符合两首词的内容给2分;具有过渡串联作用给2分;语句通顺给1分)19.(大前提:)老师深爱弟子才会给他穿自己的行头, (小前提:)桂娟姐给我穿了她的行头, (结论:)所以,桂娟姐是深爱我的｡(答对一句给1分,答对两句给3分,答对三句给5分) 五､写作(60分)。