摘要
单片机发展极为迅速，自从问世以来就以极高的性价比受到人们的关注，由于它体积小，环境适应性好，价格低，易开发，所以在各个领域都得到了推广。广泛应用于智能仪器仪表、工业控制、家用电器、计算机网络、医疗设备、汽车设备等领域中。当前世界上各大芯片公司都推出了自己的单片机，从8位、16位到32位等，但它们各具特色，互成互补，为单片机的应用提供了广阔的天地。
本次设计就是采用单片机AT89C51编程控制 7段共阴LED数码管作显示的篮球比赛计时计分系统。在体育比赛的计时计分系统中包括测量类、评分类、命中类、制胜类、得分类等多种类型。而篮球比赛时根据运动队在规定时间内得分多少来决定胜负的，因此篮球比赛的计时计分器是一种得分类型的系统。本系统采用模块化设计，主体部分可分为计时显示模块、计分显示模块、定时报警模块、按键控制模块。利用Keil C51软件进行编程，程序编写完成后通过编译生成HEX文件装入AT89C51芯片中，采用仿真软件Proteus检验功能是否能够正常实现。最后采用Protel DXP画出电路原理图并生成印刷电路板图。本系统由计时电路、计分电路、报警电路和控制电路四个电路组成。
篮球比赛计时计分器的主要功能有赛程时间设置、赛程时间启动/停止设置、比分交换控制和比分刷新控制等。它具有很高的灵活性，同时操作步骤也很简单且具有低功耗，可靠性，安全性以及低成本等特点。
关键词：单片机；篮球比赛计时计分器；AT89C51
Abstract
SCM develops rapidly since its inception to the high price people pay attention, because of its small size, adaptability to environment, low price, easy to develop, so in all fields have been promoted. Widely used in smart instrumentation, industrial control, home appliances, computer networks, medical equipment, automotive equipment, and other areas. Currently the world's major chip companies have launched their own microcontroller, from the 8-bit, 16-32, etc., but they are distinctive, each into a complementary application for the microcontroller provide a vast world。
The design is controlled by microcontroller AT89C51 programming 7-segment common cathode LED digital display for time basketball scoring system. Timing in sports including measurement category scoring system, evaluation categories, hit category, winning class, a segment other types. The basketball game sports teams based on points within the specified time to be decided by how much, so the timing basketball game scoring device is a type of scoring system. The system is modular in design, the main part of the display module can be divided into time, scoring display module, timing alarm module, key control module. Using Keil C51 software programming, programming is complete compiled HEX file is loaded by AT89C51 chip, using simulation software Proteus test feature is achieved correctly. Finally draw the circuit diagram Protel DXP and generate printed circuit board diagram. The system consists of timing circuitry, scoring circuits, alarm circuits and control circuits of four circuit。
Basketball time scoring device main functions of time schedule set, schedules, time to start / stop settings, scores and scores exchange control refresh control. It has high flexibility, while the steps are
very simple and has low power consumption, reliability, security, and low cost。
Key words：SCM；Basketball time scoring device；AT89C51
目录
第1章引言 (1)
1．1 课题研究背景 (1)
1．2 课题研究内容及意义 (2)
1．3 设计目的 (2)
1．4 本文结构 (2)
第2章系统总体设计 (3)
2．1 系统结构图 (3)
2．3 基本功能介绍 (4)
2．3．1 赛程时间设定 (4)
2．3．2 赛程时间启动/暂停设定 (4)
2．3．3 比分交换控制 (5)
2．3，4 比分刷新控制 (5)
2．3．5 计时计分显示 (5)
2．3．6 赛程结束报警 (6)
2．3 本章小结 (6)
第3章系统硬件电路设计 (7)
3．1 系统硬件电路组成 (7)
3．1．1 系统原理图的绘制 (7)
3．2 器件选择 (7)
3．3 单片机AT89C51简述 (8)
3．3．1 单片机AT89C51简介 (8)
3．3．2 单片机AT89C51主要特性 (11)
3．3．3 单片机AT89C51引脚功能说明 (11)
