下载文档原格式
第1课A1、因为英语是个杀手。
正是英语，导致坎伯兰语、康沃尔语、诺恩语和马恩语灭亡。
在那些岛屿的部分地区，还有较大规模的群体讲比英语更古老的当地语言。
但是，现在日常生活中，英语无处不在，人人—或者说—几乎人人都懂英语。
英语威胁到那三种遗留的凯尔特语：爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语和威尔士语，……所以必须意识到，从长远来看，这三种语言的未来……十分危险。
2、他还把这种政策和他所称的“语言歧视”（这个情况类似于“种族歧视”、“性别歧视”）联系在一起。
在菲利普森看来，以“白人”为主的英语世界中，起主导作用的机构和个人，或故意或无意，鼓励或者至少容忍英语大肆扩张，他们当然不反对英语的扩张。
英语的扩张开始于大约三个世纪以前，最初表现形式是经济与殖民扩张。
3、总的来说，我们现在认为这些语言比较好，经常以赞美、感激的语气谈论与它们相关的文化以及它们给世界带来的变化。
我们这样的态度，没有什么不妥，因为那些语言现在都不构成严重威胁。
4、但许多人认为英语是有益的。
我这里暂不讨论任何世界语言具有的明显优势，例如：交流网络庞大、文学与传媒体系发达、文化与教育机构强大。
5、说英语的、英国裔的南非人不是非常积极反对种族隔离制度。
黑人的反对力量中，成员使用多种语言，他们起初缺少力量与组织。
6、这种象征意义说明，使用世界通用语言的人应该努力尽可能用其利而避其弊。
第2课A1、苹果公司发生的这些事情丝毫没有改变这一点，一点也没有。
我被炒了鱿鱼，但是我仍然钟爱我做的事情。
2、作为一个成功者的负重感被作为一个创业者的轻松感所重新代替，一切都还不确定。
这让我觉得如此自由的进入了我生命中最有创造力的阶段。
3、良药苦口，但是我想病人是需要它的。
有时，生活就会想一块砖头一样砸向你的脑袋，但不要失去你的信心。
4、“记住你即将死去”是我知道的避免你陷入“我还有什么会失去”这类陷阱的最好方法。
如果你已经什么都没有了，你就没有理由不去跟随你内心深处的想法。
5、你的时间很有限，所以就不要把时间浪费在重复别人生活上。
基础综合英语（研究生UNIT 1 课后翻译）李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。
老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。
老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。
李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。
Li Ming was chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma.Otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake.基础综合英语（研究生UNIT 2 课后翻译）我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。
研究⽣英语综合教程课后翻译研究⽣英语综合教程（下）1.Illogically,she had expected some kind of miracle solution.她本想会有种奇迹般的解决⽅法，这是不合理的事。
2.He stalked away,but with a gnawing uncertainty in his mind.他昂⾸阔步地⾛开，⼼⾥半信半疑，感到⼗分苦恼。
3.The inside of each tent depended on the personality of its occupants.每个帐篷内部怎样布置，这要看各个使⽤者的性格了。
4.Doctors and injured both talked about a miracle drug constantly almost with awe.医⽣和伤员常常谈起⼀种神奇的药物，⽽且谈时⼏乎都带着⼀种惊叹的⼝⽓。
5.The answer had been there all of the time just out of reach.答案⼀直摆在那⼉，可是没⼈弄到⼿。
1.The ample yard in back is dominated by heavily bearing fruit trees.屋后是个宽敞的院⼦，⼤部分都给果实累累的果树占了。
2.Out of sheer joy she waved.她纯粹出于⾼兴，才挥了挥⼿。
He wanted to tell John how surprised he was at his knowledge but embarrassment made him hold his peace.3.他想告诉约翰，他没料到他的只是这么渊博，但是觉得有点不好意思，没有说出⼝。
4.Three rains had passed, and it was that lean season when the village's store of grain and other dried foods from the last harvest was almost gone.3个⾬季过去了，正到了青黄不接的时候。
研究生英语课后翻译中英文对照（最终稿）第一篇：研究生英语课后翻译中英文对照(最终稿)Unit1 1.“Business happens 24/7/365, which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut.“One way that companies win is by getting …there‟ faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where …there‟ is!This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast with the courage to act on their convictions.This needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”（第一章P29 第一段）“一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，生意始终在进行，那意味着一年365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。
这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。
这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。
研究生基础综合英语课后题翻译1-8单元1) Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by. Until Mrs. Stifter.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。
直到施蒂夫特太太当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。
2) No one seems to stop to think that —no matter what environments they come from —most kids don’t put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at stake.似乎没有人停下来想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头，才不会把功课当作头等大事呢。
3) Of average intelligence or above, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨，学不下去了。
4) Young people generally don’t have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it.年轻人往往不够成熟，不会像我的成人学生们那样重视教育。
5) It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them.这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心，相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。
UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。
Unit One：EducationText：In Praise of the F Word对F的赞美Tens of thousands of 18-year-olds will graduate this year and be handed meaningless diplomas. These diplomas won’t look any different from those awarded their luckier classmates.Their validity will be questioned only when their employers discover that these graduates are semiliterate.今年，将有成千上万的18岁学生毕业并被授于毫无意义的文凭。
这些文凭对每个人都是一样的,没有一点差别，而不管学生的成绩如何.但当雇主发现他们没有实际能力时，文凭的有效性就会被质疑。
Eventually a fortunate few will find their way into educational repair shops-adult-literacy programs, such as the one where I teach basic grammar and writing. There, high school graduates and high school dropouts pursuing graduate-equivalency certificates will learn the skills they should have learned in school . They will also discover they have been cheated by our educational system.即使少数幸运的人找到了成人进修的地方，像我教语法和写作的地方。
1) Ouｒyoungｅst, ａwｏｒlｄ-cｌass cｈarmｅr, diｄlｉtｔｌe toｄevelo ｐhis inteｌlｅctuaｌｔａlents ｂut alwａｙs goｔby。
UntilＭrs。
Ｓt ｉfｔer。
我得小儿子就是个世界级得万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。
直到施蒂夫特太太当了她得老师,这种局面才彻底改变了。
2)No onｅseeｍｓtｏstop to think that -no ｍaｔter whａt ｅｎvironm ｅntｓｔhey cｏｍｅfrｏm-most kｉds dｏn’tｐut schoｏl first oｎtheir lisｔuｎｌessｔhey peｒcｅive somｅtｈing is ａtｓｔakｅ、似乎没有人停下来想想瞧,无论孩子们来自何种环境,她们当中大多数若不就是发现情况到了危急关头,才不会把功课当作头等大事呢。
３) Of aｖｅrａge intｅlligｅncｅｏｒabove, tｈeｙｅventuaｌｌy qｕｉt s ｃhool, coｎｃｌudｉnｇtheｙwerｅtoｏdumb ｔｏｆinｉsh.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等,但最终都退学了,她们总结说自己太笨,学不下去了。
４) Younｇpeｏple gｅnerally dｏn’t haveｔhe matｕriｔy ｔo ｖａlueｅd ｕcatioｎinｔhｅsaｍｅwaｙmy adult stｕdｅｎtｓｖalue it。
年轻人往往不够成熟,不会像我得成人学生们那样重视教育、5) Ｉｔｉs aｎexpｒｅｓsｉon of conｆideｎce by ｂoth teａchers and parents tｈat the students have the abｉlitｙtoｌｅaｒn the materiａl prｅｓented ｔo them。
这表明老师与家长都对学生有信心,相信她们能够学好发给她们得学习材料。
研究生综合英语课文译文及课后练习答案第一课Text A 自由落体[1] 直到动身的那一天，我才感到告别和真正离家对我所产生的影响，这使我比闹钟预定的时间提前一小时醒来。
那时，我那金色的爱犬米西最后一次用力地舔了我一下表示问候。
以前她那么做时，我厌烦得要命，不过那天，我张开双臂把她搂在怀里，深情地慢慢抚摸着她。
此时，她那悲伤的眼神与我四目相对，她那绸缎般的皮毛摸上去比平常更加柔滑。
当然直到告别那天，我才注意到爱犬的这些特点，这令我更加难舍难离。
[2] 一整天都是这样：我突然感到自己将会怀念许多人和事。
我变得多愁善感起来，因为要与那些我早已习以为常的人说再见——那些常我工作的饭馆里的顾客，那些我好像从来都找不到时间和他们说话的人。
我不得不离开我所有的朋友，还有我总想“某天去认识”的同学。
最重要的是，我将被迫与生我养我的人分别。
[3] 突然间，我那些渴望独立和自由的豪言壮语变成了可怕的现实。
我曾经说过我了不起，就要上一所名校，现在我开始感到了这些大话的压力。
没什么了不起。
我曾经是那么急不可待地盼望这一天的到来，而现在，这一天终于到来了，我却感到自己好像并不想走了，我想那可能是因为我要到一所离家有6小时车程的大学去上学的缘故。
[4] 事实上，在我决定要离家的时候，我所有的个人问题仿佛都烟消云散了，我才不在乎呢，反正我要走了。
我要向每个人表明我想走————而且，上帝作证，我整装待发。
然而，这一天到来了，我不知道自己是否真正做好了出发的准备。
[5] 老爸和继母要送我去学校，不过，我要首先和妈妈告别。
谁都知道离婚不是件容易的事。
那天早上我和妈妈一起吃了饭，她当时立刻就谈起我过去的一些经历来，还谈到了她第一年离家上大学的一些事情，比如零乱的宿舍、腼腆的室友、一些艺术史课。
她说得那么详细，那么热情，以至于我清楚地感到大学生活会给人留下多么深刻的印象。
后来，我们又谈到了我到学校后可能会发生的事情————与我同住一层的家伙会是什么样，我多么希望教室不会在校园的另一侧，我是否会因为吃食堂的饭而发胖。
UnitOne核心员工的特征大卫·G 詹森1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时 我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理 给我解释一下。
“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工在某个专业领域 你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
在我的小组中 有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家 其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的 ”他说 “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。
当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候 我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。
我们只招募核心员工。
”2这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话 目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。
他们想从另一家公司招募核心员工。
然而 每家公司也从新人中招人。
他们要寻找的是完全一样的东西。
“我们把他们和公司顶级员工表现出的特质进行对照。
假如他们看起来有同样特征的话 我们就在他们身上赌一把。
”只是这样有点儿冒险。
3“这是一种有根据的猜测 ”我的人事经理客户说。
作为未来的一名员工 你的工作是帮助人事部经理降低这种风险 你需要帮助他们认定你有潜力成为一名核心员工。
4特征1 无私的合作者职业顾问和化学家约翰·费策尔最早提出了这个特征。
关于这个特征人们已经写了大量的文章。
它之所以值得被反复谈及 是因为这一特征是学术界和企业间最明显的差别。
“这里需要合作 ”费策尔说 “企业的环境并不需要单打独斗 争强好胜 所以表现出合作和无私精神的员工就脱颖而出了。
在企业环境中 没有这样的思维方式就不可能成功。
”5许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力。
因为生命中有那么长一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色 并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色。
你可以藉此提高在公司的吸引力 为追求一个共同的目标和来自其他实验室和学科的科学家们合作——并且为你的个人履历上的内容提供事迹证明。
这个方法 加上你在描述业绩时开明地使用代词“我们” 而不是“我” 能使公司对你的看法从“单干户”转变成“合作者”。
研究生基础综合英语课后翻译集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#研究生基础综合英语课后翻译Unit1textAP221.我基本是一个空想社会改良家，在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西，要想学习好就必须集中注意力。
2.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。
直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。
3.但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生，他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混，直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。
4.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨，学不下去了5.似乎没有人停下了想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头，才不会把功课当做头等大事呢。
他们宁可混日子。
6.年轻人往往不够成熟，不会像我的成人学生们那样重视教育7.这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心，相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。
UNIT 2TEXT B1.Why do some adults who have had bad experiences decide to kill my happiness with nasty remarks instead of just saying congratulations.为什么几个有过不幸经历的成年人非要说那些难听的话来扼杀我的幸福，而不是就送上几句祝福呢2. I know all about the heartache :that children can strain a marriage ,that money issues can blow up ,that a couple can lose their connection ,that job stress can take a toll and that changing and growing older can aid in the dissolution of what once was real love.我知道那些令人头痛的事：小孩子能拖垮婚姻，经济的问题也会爆发，夫妻之间不再情感交流，工作压力能造成伤害，人是不断变化的而且越来越老，这都会为解除当年的真爱起到推波助澜的作用3.You never know where life will take you , but I think it is a dangerous assumption that a marriage can never work out ,or that it isn’t worth a try.你永远都无法知道生活会给你什么，但是认为婚姻永远不能白头偕老，不值得一试可就是很危险看法了。
4.He is as excited as I am to get married ,and together we are confident in our compatibility and our ability to last forever.对于结婚他和我一样兴奋，我们共同坚信彼此合得来，能够携手到永远。
5.I know now that the dream I had of married life was a little too optimistic and hopeful to say the least我现在知道我梦中的婚姻生活有点太乐观，至少抱的希望太大。
6.And I’ll try with everything I am to prove to everyone that we can make it work ,to make the 6-year-old version of me proud.我会尽自己的一切向他人证明我们的婚姻运转很好，让六岁就想做新娘的我自豪。
7.I am sorry if you never found someone who makes you catch your breath .but for now,let me have my fun,let me bask in the glory ofridiculous ,consuming ,delicious,beautiful,wonderful,once-in-a-lifetime love.如果你们从来没有找到让你兴奋的屏气的人，我只能再次说声抱歉，但是现在，就让我享有自己的快乐，让我沐浴在这有点荒谬、强烈、有趣怡人、美丽、精彩，而且一生只有一次的爱河中。
Unit 3Text AP921.在随后的证词中，每个人都陈述自己不相信烟草会给健康带来风险，而且自己的公司从未采取措施来操纵香烟中尼古丁的含量。
2.哈佛大学医学史专家艾伦·M·布兰特坚持认为，对香烟危害的认识源于持续了大半个20世纪的一个智力过程。
3.20世纪初期，对香烟的抵制带着道德的口吻，而不是出于对健康的关注。
对想抽烟的女性更是如此。
不过即使在当时，许多医生已经关注到吸烟会给健康造成风险。
4.在详细梳理了烟草公司的内部备忘录和研究文档后，布兰特博士用充足的证据证明，旱在1964年的卫生局长报告发表前，各大烟草巨头就已了解了自家产品对健康造成的诸多风险。
5.在他们的营销备忘录中，记录了他们针对青少年发动的广告运动，旨在诱惑新一代的烟民。
6.According to their own testimony ,most of the 29 historians testifying on behalf of BigTobacco did not even consult the industry’s internal research or communicat ions.根据为烟草巨头们出庭作证的29位历史学家们自己的供述，他们中大多数甚至没有参看过烟草业内部的研究或交流文档。
7.相反，这些专家主要关注的是20世纪50年代的一小撮对香烟危害的怀疑论者，他们中的大部分人要么当时就与烟草业有勾结，要么最终也会同烟草业勾结起来。
Text B1.The resulting real-time images indicate where and how the brain analyzes options,weighs risks and rewards ,factors in experiences and emotions and ultimately sets a preference.扫描产生的实时图像表明了大脑在何处以何种方式分析各选项，掂量风险和回报、经验和情感中的诸因素，并最终确定自己的偏好。
UNIT4Text B1.In an effort to filter out “contamination ”caused by the fact that the survey was itself Web-based, the final results were drawn only from among those participants who already had some form of Internet access at home or work prior to the survey.为了过滤由于调查本身基于网络这一事实造成的“杂质”，最终结果只从那些调查之前就已经在家里或工作中使用过因特网的受访者中抽取。
2.Amazingly ,nowhere in the study did I find anything that recognized what is ,to me ,the obvious causal link :E-mail simply has replaced the phone for many routine types of communication.令人惊奇的是，在我看来，研究没有一处显示这样一个明显的因果联系：电子邮件已经取代电话，成为人们常见的交流手段。
3.So,by the weird logic of this research paper,communication by older technology like the phone is socially connecting ,but communication by a newer technology --e-mail--is socially isolating.那么，根据这份研究报告的古怪逻辑，使用古老的技术交流，比如打电话，是增进交往，而使用新型的技术交流，如收发电子邮件，则是形影相吊。
4.I believe that strange distinction makes sense only when you view this subject through the strong,distorting lens of personal bias;Some people are inherently “touchy-feely”and simply can’t connect with someone unless they’re face to face, and preferably in physical contact.我想，只有当你透过带有个人偏见的高度扭曲的透视镜看待这一问题时，上述奇怪的差别才能讲得通：有些人生来就需要“触摸心理治疗”，除非他们与别人面对面，最好是有身体接触，否则他们就无法与人交往。
5.It’s communication that otherwise would not have happened ,and adds to the totality of social connectedness rather than detracts from it.这种交流若不是通过电子邮件就不会发生，它增进而非削弱了人们彼此间的联系。
6.They never asked if participants felt more or less isolated or if their lives had improved or deteriorated or if other family members or friends had complained or even commented on the user’s supposed isolation or connectedness.他们从未问受访者是否感到有些孤独，或他们的生活是否有了起色，还是变得糟糕，以及他们的家人朋友是否抱怨或评论过他们的所谓孤家寡人或交友广泛。
