人教版高中英语选修八unit5-词汇讲解
- 格式:docx
- 大小:21.06 KB
- 文档页数:20
一、
date back to 英 [deɪt] 美 [deɪt]
追溯到……
常见用法:
1.
动词+~
advance the date 提前日期
bear the date 注明日期
break the date 不遵守约定
bring forward the date 提前日期
2.
形容词+~
closing date 截止日期
early date 早期
fixed date 固定的日期
future date 将来的日期 3。
介词+~
from that date 从那时起
on a certain date 在某一日期
out of date 过时的
to date 到目前为止
例句:
All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui
and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.
所有的物品都来自于三星堆的一个挖掘点,时间可以追溯到3000到5000年前.
date back to=date from
因追溯是从现在算起指向过去,所以这个短语常用一般现在时。
This custom dates back to the 16th century.
这风俗起源于16世纪.
This is an old building dating back to/dating from the 16th
century.
这是一栋追溯至16世纪的古老建筑物。 练习:
1。英译汉My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/from
my schooldays。
2.Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the
tower,which ________ as early as 800 years ago。
A.dates back to B.is dated back
C.dates back from D.was dated from
答案:
1。我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮.
2.选A.短语date back to 相当于date from,意为“追溯到,始于”。两者通常与过去的时间状语连用,但多用于一般现在时,且一般不用于被动语态。句意:每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照.
二、
assume 英 [ə’sjuːm] 美 [ə’suːm] v. 假定;设想;假装;承担
常见用法:
1.
用作动词 (v。)
~+名词
assume a leading position 担任领导职务
assume a look of surprise 装出吃惊的样子
assume the right 夺取权力
2.
~+副词
assume baselessly 毫无根据地认为
assume falsely 错误地认为
assume groundlessly 毫无根据地认为
assume hastily 匆忙地认为
3. assume that 认为
例句: So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves,regardless of the cold。
因此我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒,就住在这些洞穴里。
(牛津P104)It is reasonable to assume that the economy will
continue to improve。
认为经济继续好转是有道理的。
(牛津P104)Let us assume for a moment that the plan succeeds。
咱们暂时假设计划成功。
(牛津P104)It is generally assumed that stress is caused by
too much work。
普遍认为,紧张是工作过重所致。
Assuming that the proposal is accepted,when are we going to
get the money?
假定这个建议被采纳,我们什么时候能拿到钱?
练习:
1.英译汉
A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists
in the Third World. 2.We all can go out for a picnic this afternoon-________that
the others agree.
A.to assume B.assumed
C.assume D.assuming
答案:
1。许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。
2。选D。assuming that。.。“假定……”.类似表达有:providing/supposing (that).。..
三、
interrupt
英 [ˌɪntə'rʌpt] 美 [ˌɪntə’rʌpt]
v。打断;打扰;中断;阻碍
n.[计算机]中断
常见用法:
1. ~+名词
interrupt the path 阻断道路
interrupt sb’s speech 打断某人讲话
interrupt traffic 中断交通
interrupt the view 遮住视线
2.
~+副词
interrupt abruptly 突然地打断
interrupt constantly 不时地打断
interrupt earnestly 认真地打断
interrupt frequently 频繁地打断
3.
~+介词
be interrupted by 被…打断〔阻断〕
interrupt sb in his talk 打断某人的话
interrupt with 打断
例句:
(牛津P1069)Sorry to interrupt,but there is someone to see
you.
对不起打扰一下,有人要见你.
(牛津P1069)They were interrupted by a knock at the door.
他们被敲门声打断了。
It's bad manners to interrupt others when they are talking.
打断别人谈话是没礼貌的。
Let’s go somewhere where we can talk without interruption.
我们去找个说话不受打扰的地方吧练习:
1。英译汉
I’m sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here?
2。________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________
________(打断别人是没有礼貌的)while they are having a
conversation。
答案: 1.对不起,打断了你的讲话,请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢?
2.It is bad manners to interrupt others
四、
significance 英 [sɪɡ’nɪfɪkəns] 美 [sɪɡ'nɪfɪkəns]
n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
常见用法:
1.
介词+~
in its true significance 在真正意义上
a matter of significance 重大事情
2.
形容词+~
commercial〔historical〕 significance 商业〔历史〕意义
great〔little〕 significance 重大〔无关紧要〕的事 practical significance 现实意义
3.
动词+~
acquire〔attain〕 significance 获得更广泛的意义
attach significance to 赋予…以意义
explain significance 说明意义
realize the full significance of 认识到…的全部意义
例句:
(牛津P1866)The new drug has great significance for the
treatment of the disease.
这种新药对于这种病的治疗有重大意义.
(牛津P1866)She couldn't grasp the full significance of what
he had said。
她未能充分领会他那番话的意思。
Their change of plan is strange but I don’t think it’s
significant。