大学英语考研听力

姓名：……学号：……学院：….. 专业：….. 指导老师：……Unit 6Time traveler1. What was the guy doing when he suddenly found himself in a completely different world? What year is it in this different world?Answer: The guy was just about to give his wife a present for herbirthday ,and there were thunders and lightening. Then all of a sudden, he found himself in a completely different world.It is the year 2000 i n this different world.2. What are some of the cultural shocks he’s experienced in this world?Answer: He traveled from the year 1900 to the year 2000, so he experienced many cultural shocks when communicating with others.He felt confused about the ID card, the driver licence, the credit card, ATM card and something like that. He misunderstood the meaning of the restroom and the bathroom. Also he could not understand the meaning of a mall or food court. He couldn’t read the menu and thought a hotdog as a real dog. What’s more, he was curious about the cellphone because he had never seen it before.3. Some science fictions on time travel are mainly about cultural shocks. Can you conceive of a time traveler of our time going back to 1960’s or even earlier, or vice versa? What would be some of the cultural shocks the traveler would encounter? Make a list of them or conceive a conversation as the traveler first sets foot in the different world.Answer: Recently, many TV plays, based on a series of experiences of a time traveler, such as The Palace and Startling by Each Step, arouse a great upsurge in time traveling. In fact, I can’t conceive of a time traveler of our time going back to 1960’s or even earlier,but these TV plays really appeal to me. For example, the leading lady in Startling by Each Step, traveled from our time back to Qing dynasty.Of course, a time traveler will encouter many cultural shocks. When one travels in a completely different world, he will feel like a fish out of water. He may misunderstand what others said, and can’t communicate well with others.Also,he can’t adapt to the diets in the completely different world. All in all, a time traveler can't adapt to the habits and customs very quickly.Panel discussion: cultural shock or feeling of going back home?1. Tom went to Japan back in the 70’s, yet felt like being home, with no experiences of cultural shocks. Does Tom explain why? What do you think may be an explanation for this?Answer: No,Tom gave no explicit reasons about this .In my opinion, Tom was familiar with the culture of Japan, so he could adapt to it very quickly.2. What does Peter think is a shame for tourists? Why?Answer: It’s a shame that so many Americans go abroad to enjoy exotic vacations, because they stay in the resort and don’t really go out and venture out to experience the customs and traditions of the people who live there. In his opinion, the world is so big that we can learn so much about it. However, too many people just go there and lie by the swimming pool or whatever.3. What would you anticipate being in a different culture? Would it be a smooth transition or a difficult one? Does knowing the local language help? Would it make any difference if you were a visitor or someone intending for a much longer stay? What do you think could help to make the transition easier? (at least 200 words)Answer:When in a different culture, of course, we all except that the habits and customs are familiar to us so that we can adapt to it quickly. However, as far as I’m concerned, it would turn out to be a difficult transition. At the beginning, you may feel like a fish out of water and make every possible mistake. It’s important to learn some local dialect to help you communicate with the residents more smoothly. What’s more, it must be kept firmly in mind not to talk about the taboo subjects. Only in this way can you gradually adapt to the new culture.If you intend for a much longer stay, it should be a good choice to learn about the local culture ahead of schedule. For example, you must be aware of the sensitive topics in the local culture. However, if you are just a visitor, you can surf the internet to get some useful information for your journey, such as the rout and the weather. That’s enough!It couldn’t be better to make friends with some natives. It may make the transition easier because they can give you some practical proposals. With their help, you may feel like just being at home.。

外语研究生考试试卷一、听力理解（共30分）本部分包含四个小节，每小节包含若干个问题。

请仔细听录音，并根据所听内容选择正确答案。

1. 对话理解（10分）请听以下对话，并回答1-5题。

2. 短文理解（10分）请听以下短文，并回答6-10题。

3. 新闻报道（5分）请听以下新闻报道，并回答11-12题。

4. 讲座理解（5分）请听以下讲座，并回答13-15题。

二、阅读理解（共40分）本部分包含四篇文章，每篇文章后有若干个问题。

请仔细阅读文章，并根据文章内容选择正确答案。

1. 文章A（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答16-20题。

2. 文章B（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答21-25题。

3. 文章C（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答26-30题。

4. 文章D（10分）阅读以下文章，并回答31-35题。

三、完形填空（共15分）请阅读以下短文，并从每个空格的四个选项中选择最合适的一项填入，使短文完整、连贯。

36-55题四、翻译（共15分）本部分包含两个段落，一个英译汉，一个汉译英。

请将所给段落翻译成目标语言。

1. 英译汉（7.5分）请将以下英文段落翻译成中文。

2. 汉译英（7.5分）请将以下中文段落翻译成英文。

五、写作（共20分）本部分包含两个写作任务，请根据题目要求完成写作。

1. 小作文（10分）请根据以下提示写一篇不少于150词的短文。

2. 大作文（10分）请根据以下提示写一篇不少于300词的议论文。

考试时间：180分钟总分：120分请在答题卡上作答，并在考试结束前将答题卡交回。

祝您考试顺利！。

研究生英语学位课统考真题(GET2021―2021)听力模拟题1 part1Section A (1 point each)Directions: in this section. you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, there will be a question. The conversation and the question will be read only once. you are asked to write down you answers on the answer sheet.1.A To be brush up her English at home. B To be praised by her peers.C. To become her teacher's favorite student.D. To care more for other subjects. 2.A. Have a picnic. B. Play with her pets. C. See a movie. D. See at home. 3.A. It's a piece of cake. B. She has no ideaC. She already knows the answer.D. It's beyond her expectation. 4.A.Write a short mail to him. B. Chat with him online C. Telephone him. D. Text him soon.5.A. The poster looks better without the frame. B. The poster is not worth the money. C. The poster costs very little. D. The poster is very eye-catching.6.A.14 B.10 C.65 D.247.A .She is too busy.B. She can pass the exam next time.C. She doesn't work very hard.D. She should be better prepared. 8.A. Exercise more frequently. B. Take lessmedicine each day. C. Try a new type of pain-killer. D. Have her back examined.9.A. George was not playing well. B. George always loses temper easily C. George should have won the match. D. George is no match for his opponent.Section B (1 point each)Directions: in this section you will hear two Mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once.. After each question, there will be a pause. you are asked to write down you answers on the answer sheet.Mini-talk one 10.A.18-21 B.22-25 C.30-50 D.70-8011.A. Because older people become more thankful for what they have. B Because older people spend less time in deep thinking. C. Because older people forget things more frequently. D. Because older people tend to be more reliable. 12.A .Middle aged women had increased sleep problems. B. Stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. C .Being single affected the levels of happiness. D. Sleep quality declined as people got older. Mini―talk two 13.A.High temperatures. B. Too much weight on the roof.C. The lack of rich soil.D. Sufficient watering system.14.A.They are normally painted green. B. They shorten the life of houses.C. They reduce energy consumption.D. They are used as water tanks. 15.A.They need little water. B. They normally grow faster. C. They are less costly to grow. D. They could absorb more water.Section c (1 point each)Directions: in this section you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recording twice. After the recording you are asked to write down you answers on the answer sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notes below.16. Compliments are so good that they can heal you__.17. Unless you seem sincere when you give compliments during a conversation, you're not going to get __from that person. 18. After giving specific compliment, you should follow that__. 19. Adding compliments in front of people respected and feel __ 20. Last,avoid __with envy.模拟题2part1Section A (1 point each)Directions: in this section. you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, there will be a question. The conversation and the question will be read only once. you are asked to write down you answers on the answer sheet.1.A.Eat a little bit potato chips. B. Stay with his decision. C. Change his goal. D. Throw away the trash.2.A. Amy misses lectures from time to time. B. Amy doesn’t pay much attention in class. C. Amy probably knows how to answer the question. D. Amy is stuck with the same question.3.A.A pet psychologist. B.A school teacher.C.A fitness trainer.D.A furniture designer.4.A.She cant give him any good ideas. B. she is very familiar with the city. C. she is new to new York. D. she wont lend a hand to him.5.A.someone famous is reading in the car. B. she has a nice collection of car photos. C. the car is in front of something interesting. D. the design of the car is really impressive.6.A.the train to the market square is cancelled.B. the man has missed the train to the market square.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

Unit1 ex 1A hobby is defined as an activity done regularly in one’s leisure time for pleasure. An addiction is a recurring 反复出现的compulsion 强迫行为by an individual to engage in some specific activity. The word is also used colloquially to refer to some activity for which a person has an overwhelming passion. We usually think that hobbies are harmless and addictions are dangerous, because hobbies can make our lives more colorful while addictions inflict 造成physical or spiritual dependency on something to degrees that we cannot control. In reality though, the differences between hobbies and addictions can often be confusing.Most addictions begin as hobbies. Everyone spends time and energy on hobbies, but if excessive passion about a hobby affects one’s life in a negative way, it becomes addiction from which it is hard to escape.Unit1 ex 2Do you remember your favorite hobbies when you were a child? What do those mean to you? Luther, Sarah, and William are discussing their childhood hobbies.Luther: My hobby is stamp collecting. I started at the age of six, and I’ve been collecting stamps ever since. Stamps are tiny but amazing. They're miniature works of art, covering just about every subject you can think of. Sometimes stamps are worth more as they get older, and I guess that’s one of the reasons they are treasured by many collectors.Sarah: When I was a little girl, my friends were fond of dolls or cartoons, but I just loved yard work . My house had a big yard, which I regarded as my fantasy world. I helped my grandmother mow the lawn and spread fertilizer (肥料). Actually I was a little bit lazy in my schoolwork but never in yard work. Some of my friends said it was an activity that only retired people took. I didn’t mind. I enjoyed making my yard beautiful and I enjoyed sweating after a whole day's work. It's good for my health. Maybe I' ll spend most of my time in the yard after I retire.William: Transformers ! Optimus Prime擎天柱and Megatron! Those robots from the 1980s that would turn into cars and planes. That’s why I became a mechanical designer. Few people can claim to be as big a fan of Transformers as I am. I have an entire room in my house dedicated to them, over 700 Transformers from every generation, as well as many posters (海报) and tons of other collectible items. Transformer collecting is not just a hobby to me —they are a way of life.Unit1 ex 3Maria: Hello, everyone. This is Maria Wells. Every time the word "addiction” is mentioned , images of drug dependence, alcoholism and smoking come to mind. Buttoday, technology is breeding a new type of addiction which can be just as severe: Internet addiction. Here is our guest, Professor Luther Nicholson, a psychologist from Connecticut University. Good evening, Mr. Nicholson.Luther: Hi Maria. Addiction is not a word that should be taken lightly. Some argue that we are exaggerating concerns about Internet addiction. People don’t expect the computer and the Internet to be a problem.Maria: My colleagues here don't see it as a negative thing or something to be afraid of. They assume that web addiction is mostly a young persons' problem.Luther: No. My patients of web addiction vary widely in age. Our survey shows that millions of children and adults are now hooked, on what we call "Pathological Internet Use".Maria: Pathological? So it's really a disease.Luther: Absolutely. They use the web to the point where it can change moods or create negative consequences in relationships, financial situations or legal matters. Some online gamers play constantly, days in a row. Some spend days online murdering others in search of virtual possessions. Some remain isolated in their actual lives but only talk to strangers online to enter another life. Most addicts have a kind of fixation. They throw themselves into an imaginary world.Maria: And they will pay the ultimate price for their obsession(沉迷).Luther: Yes. And the price is always high and sad. Actually, we have had cases of suicide by web addicts. Their pastime turns into a costly habit. The Internet is a powerful technology. It creates access to all of the information on the planet. They're very powerful tools that can be abused.Maria: I get it. How can one know if one is addicted, Professor Nicholson?Luther: Take a break from your computer. Are you restless and frustrated? Do you wonder how many emails you’ve received? Take note of your behaviour, If you are feeling uncomfortable or uneasy, it may be time to monitor your Internet usage. Maria: I guess most of us are addicted to a certain extent. Thank you, Mr. Nicholson. Luther: Thank you.Unit2 ex 1With greater affluence and more leisure time, increasing numbers of people leave their homes to travel.The reasons that people travel are varied and numerous and usually more than just a desire to see other places.People leave their familiar surroundings to free their minds from the boundaries and pressures of work, to satisfy their curiosity, to try new experiences, and to increase their knowledge of the world.St Augustine, a wise philosopher of Hippo, said, " The world is a book, and those who do not travel read only a page”. So what are you waiting for? Pack your bag and join our trip to explore the world!Unit2 ex 2Fly away with us to your dream vacation place. Fly with International Airlines, and leave your worries behind.If you like mountain climbing, you can take our fabulous 2-week charter flight to Switzerland for only $850, including hotels and meals.Or perhaps you would rather relax on a beach in Bermuda, and enjoy swimming in the clear blue-green waters of the Altantic. Our special price until June Ist is only $ 579, for a marvellous 9-day vacation in the sun.If you are expedition, you can fly with International Airlines to the Amazon Jungle. South America is waiting for you. Our special excursion（远足旅行）fare（票价）for a thrilling 3-week expedition along the Amazon River, complete with an experienced guide, is only $ 1199, but hurry, this price can only be offered for a limited time.Don't miss a fantastic opportunity. The world is waiting for you. And the wild wonderful wings of International Airlines are waiting to welcome you aboard for an unforgettable vacation. Fly away with us. Fly away with International Airlines.Unit2 ex 3Philip: Hi, Lorraine! Did you have a good holiday?Lorraine: Hi, Philip! All right, thank you. We went to Spain.Philip: Oh? What was it like ?Lorraine: We enjoyed ourselves very much. The weather was fine and we just lay on the beach all day. I felt really marvellou s being thoroughly lazy for a change.Philip: Well, you're certainly looking brown. We toured around Italy. We saw a lot of interesting places. We ate spaghetti in Rome, drank coffee in Venice , and took a lot of pictures.Lorraine: Sounds terrific! What was the weather like there ?Philip: The sun was shining every day, but not as hot as in Spain, I suppose Fascinating country! I’d never realized how beautiful it was.Lorraine: Yes, I've always wanted to go there. What about you, John? Where did you go?John: Oh, I stayed at home and mow ed the lawn.Philip: That doesn't sound like much of a holiday.John: Well, with two small children, it's a bit of a problem to get away . Hotels are impossible and even camping’s is difficult, so we decided to stay at home and just go out for day trips.Lorraine: That sounds sensible.John: It's surprising how little one knows of one's own country. Do you know I’d never been to the Tower of London before?Philip: Are you serious?Unit3 ex 1Education is a basic human right. It is a means to enable the individual to gain access to knowledge, and to a better life in today’s complex world. Apart from that, education is also a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. The more we learn, the more we find out how little knowledge we have.Unit3 ex 2We usually think that school is the only place where people get an education. However, what we get from school is just a small part of what we learn. Education includes both formal learning at school and informal learning in society. So education is muchbroader than schooling.Education can take place anywhere, whether in the street or at a party. likewise, educators can be anyone, ranging from an elderly woman in the neighborhood to a young reporter on TV.The general patterns of teaching at school always remain relatively the same. Students arrive at school at the set time and take the assigned courses. The learning materials and the tests used at school are limited. We know what we can get from school education, but we can never give a full picture of what we can expect from education. For instance, while travelling if you have a chat with a local shopkeeper, you may discover more about local culture.Education starts from the moment a person is born. It lasts for a lifetime and becomes part of his/her lifeUnit3 ex 3Like most students at Fort Hays State University, Nola Ochs plans to spend some time reading and studying during this week's fall break. But she'll take time out on Wednesday to celebrate her 95th birthday.Ochs is living on campus while pursuing her degree in theology at the university. She has about 15 hours of classes to take next semester to get her bachelors’ degree.If she does it, Ochs will be The Guinness Book of World Records’ oldest college graduate. But it will also be the culmination of a lifetime of learning. She started at Fort Hays in 1930s, when it was known as Kansas State Teachers College. In the 1970s, she took classes part-time at a community college and completed a few virtual classes on the Internet before deciding to attend classes this semester.On Friday, her family and fellow classmates will throw her a birthday party. Her son Alan Ochs, flew in from Jetmore for the occasion. Her granddaughter, Alexandra Ochs, didn't have to travel as far —she's in the same class as her grandmother. After the party, Alan Ochs will take his mother home for Thanksgiving break.“We’re happy to get her back home for a while, "he said. ‘We missed having her out there, especially through the fall harvest.”Though Nola is amused by her potential status as the world's oldest graduate, she said she's more excited about getting to walk at the graduation ceremony with her granddaughter.Unit4 ex 1We are often advised, “When in Rome, do as Romans do”.But do we really know local culture and customs?Is human behavior unpredictable? This is really a complex matter, and some of the complexities derive from an ignorance of culture.Culture may be defined as a set of shared ideas that characterize the way of life of a group of people.Culture is shared and acquired by any member of a society. It is so influential in our lives that it makes up the basis for science, religion, art and technology.Unit4 ex 2Components of CultureThe term culture has been defined in many ways. Howard defines it as the customary manner in which human groups learn to organize their behaviour and thoughts. I define culture as the way of life of a group of people. In that way, culture is in essence 本质上the moulder塑造者，形成者of human behaviour of a certain group. Culture has several major components.The first important one is material possessions, which refer to objects like books or clothes.The non-material component can be illustrated by the following parts: values价值观, norms准则, beliefs, emotions, attitudes, aspirations追求, laws, and symbols.The arrows in the figure图表point in both directions, suggesting that culture shapes these components.In turn, these aspects impact culture, which means culture is dynamic, always undergoing great changes.For example, people who share the same level of material possessions may have different values or beliefs. People who have similar beliefs may change the ways to express emotions. From birth to death, people are faced with cultural messages and change in these componentsUnit4 ex 3A recent survey shows that 95% of adult Chinese citizens write less than four handwritten letters per year. Two Chinese office workers, Huang and Zhao are talking about whether handwriting matters or not.Huang: Well, I' m a little bit worried about my Chinese handwriting skills. I use my computer to write e-mails and my cellphone to send messages. It's so easy to forget how to write Chinese characters.Zhao: Well, Huang, you are not alone in your worries. Last week, I was reading a postcard my father sent me. I was struck by how neat and clear it was. You know, he does not live with me, but his unique handwriting reminds me of my days with him. Sometimes, I wonder, will my son be impressed by my handwriting? My ugly handwriting!Huang: How can your handwriting be beautiful, Zhao, when we rely on computers, cellphones and other electronic tools to communicate? I am afraid that one day writing by hand will become very difficult because children may be unable to recall the stroke sequences笔划顺序to write some characters.Zhao: Quite possible. You see, traditional calligraphy draws less attention now. My teacher should have taught us more about traditional Chinese calligraphy. Huang: It's not the teacher’s fault. People now place less value on the importance of practicing calligraphy. They think computers can help people recognize and write characters.Zhao: Word processing has made it much easier to communicate, but Chinese handwriting is a tradition of nearly 4,000 years old. How can we abandon it? It's time to do something to help rescue the tradition of handwritten letters.Huang: Recently, an organization has advocated a movement entitled "Please Write Letters”, encouraging people to send more handwritten letters, to put pen to paper. In some companies, receiving a handwritten note is now seen as something of a compliment, for it’s more personal and sincere.Zhao: I hope that will work.Unit5 ex 1What would you do if you wanted to make a difference in the world —— the world in which so many people are in great need of help and care?Would you think big and pick the impressive act?Or would you quietly persevere each day, helping others, one act of kindness at a time, one person at a time?Many choose to devote themselves to true humanitarian causes.They believe that a person who gives great service also gets great returns.They believe the capacity to care is the thing that gives life its deepest meaning and significance.Unit5 ex 2In my recent travel to West Africa, I came to see how much in need so many people are/in this part of the world. Infectious disease and poverty kill more people than those who die in the continuing bloody conflicts. We live in a world filled withconditions that cry out for others to help.What can you do in a world that needs such help? Serving and volunteering, whether in your community or in a developing country overseas, is a wonderful way to fill real human needs. Being involved in serving others and true humanitarian causes can offer you experience and contact with others that will help you through the rest of your life. The biggest benefit is that you have a direct impact on helping other human beings. We should remember that serving the needs of the despondent of this world is a very worthy cause. Doing good, one act at a time, one person at a time, is an important part of being a light in a world of darkness and preparing for a greater cause in the future.Unit6 ex 1To love nature is to love mankind.However, much of our natural environment is now suffering from our human activities. For example, deforestation采伐森林, desertification荒漠化and pollution may be leading to global warming.This climate change and environmental degradation退化，降级is causing flooding, drought, storms, loss of species and disease, which are having an increasing impact on our lives.If the present damage to our natural environment continues, mankind could be committing a painful global suicide.In the 4th century BC, Zeno, the Greek philosopher said, " The goal of life is living in agreement with nature. "Today many people are reconsidering his words.In this unit we will consider how we may all help to make the natural environment a safer place in which to live.Unit6 ex 2Ice-storm Numbers Tell Chilling TaleIn January 1998, three successive连续的storms dropped more than 4 inches of freezing rain areas of New England and southern Canada.About 100000 people had to take refuge避难in shelters, while the Red Cross raised more than $10 million to help the victims.The ice brought down more than 1000 power transmission 电力传输towers and 30000 wooden utility poles电线杆.Nearly 1.7 million customers lost their electricity, in some areas for weeks.More than one-third of all farmland in the region was affected.Nearly 5.3 million sugar- maple trees were in the path of the storm, and it may take 30to 40 years for maple syrup production to return to normal.The hardest hit were dairy乳制品farmers, as nearly one-quarter of Canada's cows were subjected遭受to the storm.The ones that survived may never reach their previous level of production. Furthermore, 2.5 million gallons of milk, valued at more than $5 million, had to be dumped丢弃because there was no electricity.Unit6 ex 3Andrew McTagger is the director of a zoo located in a large North American city. In this interview he explains the type of work that is done in today's zoos.Tony: I’m Tony Brown from the local newspaper. Now, what was the purpose of the first modern zoos?Andrew: Well, those zoos were the only places where people could really see wild animals.Tony: And today that’s changed, right?Andrew: well, on the one hand, zoos are still the places for people to see live wild animals up close（近距离地）. Seeing an animal touches people, especially young people. Most zoos today have great educational exhibits. On the other hand, now we can watch TV programs about animals living in the wild.Tony: Do you think zoos are good places for wild animals to live in?Andrew: Well, in some cases, yes. You see, we can build better cages笼子, or enclosures, for the animals. In the bear’s enclosure, for example, we recreate the forest with different kinds of plants, tree trunks, rocks, and waterfalls.Tony: Do you think the animal feel as if it were right at home?Andrew: No, probably not, but we try to do as much as possible. We create places where they can be private and hide away from people. We put in big rocks with spaces to crawl into（爬进去）, or trees to go behind.Tony: What is the most important job for today's zoos?Andrew: conservation work.Tony: What do you mean by that, saving animals?Andrew: Exactly. We can help animals endangered in the wild to reproduce safely in zoos. Then we can return these animals to the wild.Tony: Is this an important job for zoos?Andrew: It's very important. Don't forget it's estimated that about 200 to 300 animals in the wild become extinct every year, and that number is increasing rapidly. I think zoos play an important part in saving animals from extinction. This is the future role of zoos.Unit7 ex 1Nowadays an international mania for celebrity worship is surging across the continents.Whenever we flip快速地翻过through newspapers and magazines or watch television, stories about celebrities capture our attention.Indeed, an increasing number of us are becoming fascinated with celebrities, and this fascination is perhaps sometimes a substitution for real life with the focus on celebrities replacing the focus that should be on our own lives.Unit7 ex 2This is Charlotte. She was born just a few hours ago. Like most of us at birth, there’s really nothing to her : a bit of fat, a little sugar, a bit of protein蛋白质; actually she's 75 per cent water. She’s really a collection of chemicals.And yet, she's the most complicated thing on Earth; and during her lifetime, she’ll achieve the most amazing things. She’ll eat for nearly three and a half years, consuming 7,300 eggs and 160 kilograms of chocolate.She’ll crawl爬行150 kilometers before she's two. From then on, she'll learn a new word every two hours for the next ten years.By the time she’s ten, her heart will have beaten 368 million times. She’ll spend a little over 12 years watching TV and two and half years on the telephone.During her life, she'll fall in love twice. If she gets married, there’s a 60% chance she’ll stay married to the same person for the rest of her life.And her chance of becoming a celebrity is less than 0.01%.Unit7 ex 3Reporter: Mr. Brosnan, you have said the past year was one of the most exciting of your life. Why?Brosnan: It's certainly been one of the most memorable years. There've been many productions. Production of a child. Production of a marriage. Production of films. It's been a celebration of life in every sense of the word（从任何意义上来说，不折不扣地）. One of my old teachers used to say, "nothing comes from nothing. "After a lot of hard work, there's great happiness.Reporter: Die Another Day《择日而亡》is your fourth James Bond movie. How do you keep your enthusiasm for the role?Brosnan: I grew up on James Bond movies. And I have had the time of my life playing this role. You show up because you want to be the best, because Die Another Day is the 20th 007 film, because it brings great pleasure to people around the world, and— I don't know—just because I love it.Reporter: Does your son like your Bond movies?Brosnan: You mean my second son Dylan?Reporter: Yes, how old is he now?Brosnan: He's about five, and what Dylan really loves is motorcars.Reporter: Oh, did he see your acting?Brosnan: He came to the movie set one day. The setting was the bad guys’ headquarters and the bad guys had all these fancy cars— Ferraris and Lamborghinis. Dylan saw Dad run through 500 bad guys and bullets and bombs, with cars hitting each other and helicopters exploding, and jump into a boat and punch the bad guys out. Reporter: How did your son react?Brosnan: I looked across the set, saw my son and thought, “This is fantastic; my boy is here. I play my best 007 role, run across the set, don't trip, don't get blown up”. During the break, I asked my son," What did you think of that, Dylan? Did you like that? " He looked at me and said, “Dad, are the cars all right? Can we go and see the cars”?Unit7 ex 4Coco ChanelFrom her first hat shop, opened in 1912, to the 1920s, Coco Chanel rose to become one of the major fashion designers in Paris, France.Replacing the rigid traditional styles of women’s clothes with comfort and casual elegance, her fashion themes included simple suits and dresses, women’s trousers, costume jewelry, perfume and textiles.Chanel was a woman of ambition and determination. She introduced simple, elegant, relaxed and functional clothes that expressed the aspirations of women in the 20th century.She borrowed ideas from men's clothes and created clothes for modern women. Chanel's suits fit in with women’s changing lifestyles. They were not just trendy fashion, but a symbol of the new woman.Chanel said, " I make clothes women can live in, breathe in, feel comfortable in and look younger in.”The concept of her designs was exactly the opposite of high fashion in the past.Her unique sense of fashion also guided her jewellery designs. She combined real and imitation gems.Her famous perfume Chanel No.5 was an instant success and has remained highly popular ever since its introduction into the market.Coco Chanel was an inspirational person. She broke away from the traditional forms of women’s clothes, and contributed to a change in a woman’s sense of self through her clothes.Unit8 ex 1What is science and technology? Why are we so obsessed with the mystery of science and technology? Of course, it would be impossible to give one simple, well-accepted reason why every generation studies it. However, there is something fascinating about it, given it can change the world and the way we live, for good or bad. All our desires be realized with the help of science and technology. After so many years of engagement with science and technology, we have begun to realize that it is like a double-edged sword, which can help us discover what we want, while cutting our fingers at the same time. Whatever science and technology brings to us, people will never stop or hesitate on the road of scientific and technological exploration.Unit8 ex 2Essential Characteristics of ScienceEveryone has some notion about what "science" is, and we are all somewhat familiar with the world of science. Rarely does a week go by without a new scientific study or discovery being reported in the media.Science investigates natural phenomena of every sort —from the physical to the biological，from the psychological to the social. Judging by its subject matter, then, science is the study of very nearly everything. We cannot divorce the nature of science from its daily practice. Science is both practical and theoretical. Whatever the subject is, science is guided by natural law. It has to be explanatory and verifiable.Thus, to understand just what science is, two different perspectives are required. First, one must explore why scientists study what they do. Second, one must understand the way in which scientific inquiry is conducted, no matter what its subject is.Unit8 ex 3Charles Cookstone: Today we’ll talk about identity theft in America. None of us ever want to believe that others could ever guess our computer passwords. But the sad truth all too often is, you give an expert a few details about your life, and a few minutes later, they will be able to use your credit card. Bob, tell us what had happened to you.Bob Sullivan: I received a legitimate合法的email from Paypal, an online payment service. They asked for my user name and the password, and I gave it out. But it turned out it wasn't PayPal, it was a scam. They got into my Paypal account.Charles Cookstone: So they only stole information on your payment service?Bob Sullivan: I'm afraid not. They got all my account and insurance information, for whenever I buy on the Internet, I use the same user name and the same password. Charles Cookstone: Internet security experts say millions of Americans are vulnerableto identity theft like you because they use only one password for multiple accounts. Hackers count on that pattern.Bob Sullivan: Yes, I got to know that later. My password seems to be the passkey to my whole world for all those who want in.Charles Cookston: Sure, here, let’s just type “password cracker" into Google, and will get all sorts of results. Some are written by good guys, and some are written by bad guys. Tons of sites are devoted to figuring out what people's passwords are.Bob Sullivan: That's terrible. Some suggest that I protect myself by using longer passwords, ones that combine numbers and letters. Another effective approach, don't use your real name when you log on, make one up.Charles Cookstone: That's a good idea. Remember to use different passwords, which means more protection for you and your identity. Thank you very much, Bob.Bob Sullivan: Thank you.。

考研英语听力常见的考点分析考研英语中，听力部分一直是众多考生关注的重点和难点。

了解常见的考点，对于有针对性地进行复习和备考至关重要。

以下将为大家详细分析考研英语听力常见的考点。

一、词汇与短语词汇是听力理解的基础。

在考研英语听力中，常见的考点词汇包括学术词汇、常用动词短语、形容词和副词等。

例如，与教育、科技、经济等相关的学术词汇，如“curriculum（课程）”“innovation（创新）”“inflation（通货膨胀）”等。

常用动词短语也是考点之一，如“put up with（忍受）”“come up with （提出）”“keep up with（跟上）”等。

考生如果对这些词汇和短语不熟悉，在听力过程中就可能无法准确理解句子的含义。

二、数字与计算数字的理解和计算在听力中经常出现。

可能会涉及到年份、时间、价格、数量等。

比如，听到“The price of the book was ＄25 last year, but now it has increased by 20%”，考生需要快速计算出现在的价格。

对于数字的考点，不仅要能准确听出数字，还要能理解其在语境中的含义，并进行简单的运算。

三、人物关系与身份通过对话中的关键词和语境，判断人物之间的关系以及他们的身份是常见的考点。

比如，“professor and student”“doctor andpatient”“customer and salesperson”等。

了解不同人物关系下的常用表达方式和语言特点，有助于更准确地理解对话内容。

四、地点与场景听力材料可能会设定在不同的地点和场景，如学校、医院、商店、机场等。

考生需要根据听到的相关词汇和描述来判断具体的地点和场景。

例如，听到“boarding pass”“flight delay”等词汇，就可以判断场景可能是在机场。

五、主旨与要义理解听力材料的主旨和要义是关键。

这要求考生能够在听完一段对话或独白后，迅速把握其核心内容。

研究生英语听说教程1-3单元听力原文ercise 1Student: Excuse me.Counselor: Yes?Student: Do I need to make an appointment to register for an ESL class?Counselor: No, but you first have to take a placement test.Student: A test?Counselor: We need to find out what your ESL level is.Student: Oh, Okay. Where do I go to take the test?Counselor: We will be giving the test tomorrow at 3 o?clock in room 303. Can you come then?Student: Yes.Counselor: Good. Now, let me give you some forms to fill out so we can begin the registration process. Please write your name and address here, and your ID number here.Student: Okay. What do I write under teacher and section?Counselor: You can leave those blank. We?ll fill it in tomorrow.Exercise 2Student A: I didn?t really understand what Ms. Smith was saying about the id, the superego and the ego.Student B: Oh, that?s easy. Look here on page 53. The id is the part of our personality that wants instant gratification. The ego tries tohelp the id get what it wants, but in a logical and practical way. The superego is like the personality?s police force. It monitors the id and the ego.Student A: Oh, I think I?m getting it. You mean the id, ego and superego are all partof our personality?Student B: Right. They are all interacting.Student A: Do you think we?ll need to give definitions?Student B: I don?t know. We may just have to match the names withthe definitions. But we?d better study this some more just to be safe.A: I can?t believe it?s closed. I?ve got a class from 7 o?clock to10 o?clock. What am I going to do?B: Well, there are some food machines in the Student Union. Youcould always go there.A: No way! I tried that once last semester and I got as sick as a dog. There?s got to besomething better.B: Well, we can go down to Main Street. There are a couple of places that I?m sure are open.A: We?d never make it back in time. It?s already 6:40. I think I?ll pass out if I don?t get something. I came here right from work. I didn?t have time to stop by my apartment.B: I think there?s a stand in front of Smith Hall. You can at least get something warm there.A: Well, I guess we don?t have any other choice.B: Yeah, it?s either the canteen or three hours of listening to your stomach growl.Teacher: Good evening class. Before we begin tonight?s lesson. I want to remind you about next Thursday?s midterm. Remember to review chapters one through eight in the book. You will be responsible for knowing all of the information in the chapters plus all of the other topics we have discussed in class. This test will include multiple choice, True/False, and essay questions. You will not be able to use any books, notes or dictionaries.Now, last week, I spoke about the importance of using note cards and visual aids to prepare your speeches. Tonight I?m going to talk about specific things that will helpyou with your speech delivery. Please take careful notes so you can use those techniques to improve your speech delivery.The first and perhaps the most important element of good speech delivery is eye contact. It is extremely important, especially in the English-speaking world, to make eye contact with your entire audience. This may be very difficult for you if you come from a culture where making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect. But, you really need to practice this skill until you are comfortable looking directly at all of your audience members when you are speaking to them. Please note that you need to look at the entire audience. Please don?t direct yourattention to just one person or one side of the room, and really be sure not to stare into the eyes of anyone for too long of a period.Next, you need to make sure that when you talk to your audience, you are enthusiastic about your topic and excited to share it with your audience. Vitality is a way of maintaining the audience?s attention and indicating to them that you firmly believe in what you are saying. Volume, intonation, facial expressions, and gestures all add to the vitality of your speech. Think abut a speaker you really liked. Did he or she just stand there and read words from a piece of paper? No, of course not. Probably the speaker was full of life and his or her energy forced you into becoming involved in caring about the topic of the speech.4.Dr. Stevens: Ted, can I speak to you a minute?Ted: Yes, Doctor Stevens?Dr. Stevens: I finished reading your essay and before I return it to you, I was hoping you might be able to come in and speak with me about it.Ted: Oh, uh, okay, sure.\Dr. Stevens: Can you come during my office hours?Ted: I think so. When are they again?Dr. Stevens: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3 o?clock until 4:30.Ted: That?s no problem Oh, wait a minute, I have football practice every day from 2o?clock until 5 o?clock.Dr. Stevens: Hmm. Well, how about if we get together tomorrow right before class?Ted: Sure.5. You have reached the Student Union Activity Hotline. Thefollowing is a list of information and events for Thursday, September 18.The Student Union is open from 7:00 a.m. until 11:30 p.m. Thecafeteria will be serving breakfast from 7 o?clock until 8:30, lunchfrom 11 o?clock until 1 o?clock, and dinner from 5 o?clock until 7o?clock, The snack bar will be open from 9:00a.m.—8:00 p.m.Assembly member Car ole Berg will be speaking on the topic: “Paritypay for Women: It?s Still Not Here.” Assembly woman Berg will speak in the Oak Room from 9 o?clock. Admission is free, and a question/answer period will follow.The Student Council will meet in room 27 from noon until 1:30. Elections will be held for all major offices. All students are welcome.The campus folk dance club meets in the Green Room from 2 o?clockuntil 5 o?clock today. All are welcome to attend; dance experience isnot necessary.Bette Milder will be performing live in the Campus Corner Cabaret.The show begins at 8 o?clock. Tickets are available at the Ticket Office. All seats are $7.00.Tonight?s movie, the experimental “Dial Tones,” will be shown inthe Union theaterat 7:00 and 9:00 p.m. Tickets for both shows are $5.00 and are available at the ticket office.If you have missed anything on this recording, please press thepound key for the message to repeat. Thank you for calling the Student Union.6. A: Let?s exchange phone numbers. That way, if one of us is absent, we can call each other for the homework assignments.B: That?s a great idea. My number is 555---A: Wait a second, this pen just died. Let me get another one.B: Here, take my pencilA: Thanks. Okay, what was it?Exercise 2A: Who?s your history professor?B: I?m in Dr. Leydorf?s class.A: Oh, How is he?B: The class is interesting and I really like him, but he?s a real stickler. If you?re more than fifteen minutes late, he marks you absent, and you have to hand in every assignment on time or he lowers your grade.A: Ooh! He sounds really tough.2.A: How did you do on your composition?B: Oh, you won?t believe it. I hadn?t worked on it very long and I didn?t have time to check it over. When the teacher returned it to me with an “A” on it, you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: Wow. That?s great. You must be really smart.B: Or else just lucky.3.A: Let?s go to a movie tonight.B: Sorry, I?ve got to cram for a test tonight. I haven?t had achance to study before now.A: Well, how about going to the late show?B: No, I?m going to need a good night?s sleep. I want to make sure that I?m ready for the test.4.A: All right. We promised each other we?d get this report done today. Let?s get cracking.B: Aw, it?s such a beautiful day. Can?t we go for a walk and do this later?A: No, we?ll need to return these books to the library by fiveo?clock. We really haveto do this now.5.A: Gee. It?s already a quarter after ten. Maybe Ms. Hughes is absent today. B: Fat chance. She?s never been absent a day in her life. I wasin her class last yearand she even came in when she had the flu.A: Well I guess she really loves teaching. Oh, here she comes now.1. I?m taking Biology 101 this semester.2. I?m going to the Student Union at 7:00.3. We?re discussing parapsychological phenomena.4. We are you returning to the computer lab?5. We?re meeting with Dr. Stevens at the end of the lesson.1. I am transcribing my sociology notes.2. John is defending his dissertation on Tuesday.3. We are forming a study group on the first day of class.4. I?m applying for financial aid to help pay my tuition and expenses.5. Ms. Wilson is correcting our essays over the weekend.1. The professor is coming.2. The professor is coming in a little while.th3. The Sahkespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet on the 17. 4. 4. The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet.5. The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts.6. The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts during Spring Break.Using Intonation Clues1. I really wanted the new David Sedaris book. The professor in my contemporary lit class praised it all last semester. The bookstorehasn?t been able to get a single copy for the last month. Oh, well. Maybe I can find a copy on .2. I used the new computer registration system to charge my tuition on my credit card, and they totally messed it up. They were supposed to charge me $500 for the two art classes, and instead, it says that I?m enrolled in three history classes to the tune of $900. This isridiculous!3. Today is my graduation day. I am done! Now, I can finally spend my weekends doing something other than cramming for exams and writing term papers. Yippee!4. This schedule is baffling. It says that English 90 is offered at both the midtown and downtown campuses, but the times are vague. Look here; does this nine mean AM or PM? Hmm, I?m stumped.5. Oh yeah. I absolutely recommend professor Ponz. She?s a real dilly, let me tell you. If you enjoy writing endless term papers on meaningless subjects, participating in class activities that have zero relevance to the topic of the course, she?s the teacher for you!2单元Denise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART?Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it?s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costs a lot more.Tom: We?re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is?Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I?m not sure. We?re from out of town. We?revisiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone?s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Whichstation is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I?m sure that?s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley?Stranger: Let?s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five? That?s highway robbery for such a short distance!Denise: You think that?s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that.Tom: Yeah, but that?s an hour ride. You really get your money?s worth.Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take?Tom: Berkeley. WE take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right?Stranger: Well, no actually. That?s just one stop on the Richmondline. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Streetin San Francisco, and it?sbasically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtownBerkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn?t have to change trains.Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It?s 8:15.Stranger: You can?t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after 8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?Stranger: Don?t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here,take the Pittsburgthline to the 12 Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. TheRichmond train will stop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtownstation. From there you can walk to your sister?s house.Denise: We want to be there by 9 o?clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we?ll make it in time?Stranger: It doesn?t take that long. Let?s see; there?s a train from here at 8:18. Ittharrives at the 12 Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train right away at 8:34, and you?ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46.Tom: Let?s see if I?ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmondtrain to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you?ll have no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You?re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you?re not wearing a ring.Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister?s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You?dbetter hurry so youdon?t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern California?s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will be arriving.Exercise 3C1. How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That?s JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza.2. What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That?s Oxford Avenue to College Avenue.3. How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street? Again, that?s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.th4. How much is a round-trip ticket from 75 Street to Kentucky Street? That?stha round-trip ticket from 75 Street to Kentucky.th5. How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20 Street?thAgain, how much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20 Street?6. You are at the Alabama Street station. It?s twelve noon and you just got on the train. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it?s twelve noon and you?re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7. What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again, what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8. What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminalarrive in Yonkers? That?s the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9. 9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM?10. How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that?s the time from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal.th11. Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do notstop at 125thStreet? Again, which trains do no stop at 125 Street going from Yonkers to GrandCentral Terminal?12. Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time willthe next trainthfrom Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125 Street? Again, using the time now, whenthwill the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125 Street?Part FourExercise 11. Was her flight from New York on time?2. Did you get the rental car information?3. Which bus do I take to go downtown?4. Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5. Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6. Are you going to call the travel agent today?7. How long do we have to wait forthe next bus? 8. Where are you going after the meeting? 9. What did youdo with your extra ticket? 10. Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21. What time did the plane arrive?2. How often do you take the bus?3. Did someone meet them at the airport?4. Why didn?t she tell us she would be late?5. Who will pay for the extra ticket?6. Were you at the bus station yesterday?7. How far is it from here to New Jersey?8.Which bus do you think we should take? 9. Whose purse was left on the bus? 10. Are you meeting your brother at the bus station? Part Five Exercise 11. How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2. When is the next Yonkers train?3. Does this bus go to City Hall?4. How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5. Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6. Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7. What?s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8. Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?Exercise 2:1. The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2. The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminalin ten minutes.3. A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4. We?re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5. The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6. The next Fremont train will leave from platfor number 4 in half an hour.Exercise 31. Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium?B: That?s $1.80 one way, but you can?t go directly there after 6:00 PM. You?ll have to take a Lenox train at that hour and then transfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station.2(Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave?B: Let?s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedule says that that bus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it?s already 8:10. I?d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2. Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children? A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we?d like to get tickets from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?thB: We were thinking of going the week of June 15.A: Gook. That?s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. Ifyou purchase your tickets thirty days in advance, it will only cost $240 round trip. B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There?s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let?s see, kidsunder twelve fly for half price and those under three can go for free. B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is one.A: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights areopen the week ofththe 15.Exercise 41. It?s really easy to get to school from my house by bus.2. Greenwich is very close to London.3. I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4. Ileave my house each day at 8 am.5. WE?re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6. According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten mnutes.7. Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8. How much is a ticket to Baltimore an then back again?9. You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a#12.10. This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.Lesson 3Part Two Main DialogueExercise 1 Scanning for the Main IdeaRuth: Good morning, David, Wow, what happened to you?David: Hey, Ruth. Boy, do I need coffee. I was up till 2:30 last night for the second night in a row.Ruth: More trouble with the lovebirds?David: Yeah, good ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Ruth: Were they breaking dishes again?David: No, I don?t think they have any dishes left after the last fight. They were yelling about his old girlfriend.Ruth: Haven?t you spoken to them/ I mean, don?t they know they?re keeping you up all night?David: I think when they?re fighting, they don?t care about anything else. I banged on the ceiling with a broom for about five minutes and they kept yelling.Ruth: They sound like very selfish people.David: You?ve got that right, Ruth.Ruth: Why don?t you just call the landlord?David: He doesn?t care if I?m unhappy. He wants me to move! I?velived in the building the longest, and with rent control, I pay half as much as they do. If I move, he can jack up the price.Ruth: What about the other neighbors? Can?t you all get together and complain?David: Are you kidding? I have had problems with everybody in that building! Rob and Steve, the people who live next door to Michael and Betty, crank-up the volume of their stereo at all hours of the night.Ruth: That?s terrible.David: yeah, those two guys are so busy throwing parties that they probably never even hear the fighting.Ruth: Well, there has to be someone in your building who you like.David: There is Mrs. Anderson, the woman who lives below me. She?s87 years old, as sweet as can be with a heart of gold. Unfortunately, she?s a little deaf and I?m sure she never hears any of the noise in the building. Actually, as much as I like her, she?salso a problem.Ruth: How so?David: Her niece phones from out of state every Sunday morning at6:30 to check on her. The trouble is because she?s deaf, she screamsinto the phone, and it wakes me up.Ruth: Every Sunday?David: Yes, and the sound of her voice goes right up through thefloor “Hello? Yes, dear. It?s so good to hear your voice.” She?s more reliable than an alarm clock!Ruth: Wow, that sounds like a real nightmare!David: It?s not her fault, poor old thing. She?s just very old and her health isn?t good.Ruth: I?m pretty lucky. The biggest problem I have is the garbage collectors waking me up at 5:30 in the morning three times a week when they empty the cans. But, I can usually fall asleep again after they leave.David: At least your neighbors put their garbage into the cans! Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson, is sometimes such a pig. He ever seems to throw away his garbage. Whenever I walk by his door I have to hold my nose.Ruth: Maybe you just need to start looking for a new place to live.David: And give up my book?Ruth: Book? What book?David: I told you about my book, didn?t I? I?m writing a book about a guy who lives in an apartment building with a bunch of crazy people. I hope it?ll be a big Hollywood movie someday.Ruth: That sounds fantastic, but can?t you write the book in a nice quiet apartment in another building?David: No way! Every week I get a new idea for a chapter from somebody in the building. If I move now, I?ll never be able to finish the book!Exercise 4 Vocabulary in ContextNarrator: 1. SENTENCEDavid: Yeah, good …ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: Yeah, good …ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Ruth: Were they breaking dishes again?David: No, I don?t think they have any dishes left after the last fight. They were yelling about his old girlfriend.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Yeah, good …ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Narrator: 2. SENTENCEDavid: If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: CONTEXTTom: He doesn?t care if I?m unhappy. He wants me to move! I?ve lived in the building the longest, and with rent control, I pay half as much as they do. If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: 3. SENTENCERuth: How so?Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: Actually, as much as I like her, she?s also a problem.Ruth: How so?David: Her niece phones from out of state every Sunday morning at6:30 to check onher. The trouble is because she?s deaf, she screams into the phone, and it wakes meup.Narrator: SENTENCERuth: How so?Narrator: 4. SENTENCEDavid: She?s more reliable than an alarm clock!Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: The trouble is because she?s deaf, she screams into the phone, and it wakes me up.Ruth: Every Sunday?Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Yes, and the sound of her voice goes right up through the floor. She?s morereliable than an alarm clock!Narrator: 5. SENTENCEDavid: Poor old thing.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: It?s not her fault, poor old thing. She?s just very old andher health isn?t good.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Poor old thing.Narrator: 6. SENTENCEDavid: Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: At least your neighbor put their garbage into the cans! Art, the guy who livesnext door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig. He never seemsto throw awayhis garbage. Whenever I walk by his door I have to hold my nose.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig.Part Three ExpansionSection 1: Household FurnishingsExercise 1D1. Husband: Honey, I think it?s time we redid this room.Wife: Gee, I kind of like it the way it is.Husband: Oh, come on. Look at this floor—it?s totally scratched. It needs to be refinished or carpeted.Wife: Yeah, and while we?re at it, we might as well paint the wall around the fireplace.There are smoke stains all over it from last year?s Christmas party.Husband: Now you?re talking! Why don?t we wallpaper the other three walls in here too? Then if we get some new drapes and maybe a couple of lamps—Wife: Wait a second. This is getting out of hand. Why don?t we just move the armchair over to cover the scratched floor and save ourselves a lot of money and trouble.2. Painter: Good morning. I?m from Daniel?s Paint-O-Rama.Woman: Oh, good. Com on in. Would you like some coffee?Painter: Maybe later. Now, have you decided on the color?Woman: I was thinking white might be nice.Painter: I wouldn?t have white in this room. It would get dirtypretty quickly.Woman: Couldn?t we use enamel paint? It?s easy to clean, right?Painter: But it smells horrible and takes a long time to dry. You wont? be able to use this room until tomorrow.Woman: Oh, my. Well, I guess we could go to a restaurant…Painter: Why don?t you choose a color that goes with your linoleum?I could nix up a shade of latex semi-gloss that matches this blue.Woman: What about the latex semi-gloss in white? Couldn?t I washthat down if it gotdirty?Painter: Yes, you could, but you?ll still have to do it more often than if you choose another color. And if you clean it too often, the finish will start to rub off.Woman: Maybe we?d better stick with the enamel then.3. Tenant: Look at the ceiling; it?s cracked and peeling over here; there?s a big water stain on the wall in the corner, and—Landlord: Okay, why don?t you get some paint and fix it up and I?ll pay for it.Tenant: I don?t think that?s going to fix the problem. It?s happened before and I don?t feel like wasting my time and energy covering up problem that?s just going to happen again.Landlord: Well, I?m not sure what else you want me to do. I said I?d pay to fix it.Tenant; I want you to find out what?s causing this!Landlord: Well, I?ll talk to Steven upstairs and warn him to be more careful in the future.Tenant: I don?t think Steven is the problem. The last time this happened he wasn?t even home. Besides, he?s always been a considerate neighbor.Landlord: Maybe you steam up the room yourself. That can cause a lot of chipping and peeling. A small room like this full of steam can do a lot of damage.Tenant: Look, don?t try to turn this around on me. I always leavethe window and door open so it doesn?t steam up. Either you send someone over to repair this, or else I?ll get somebody and deduct the cost from the rent. It?s up to you.4. Meg: Tony? Tony? Tony!。

Unit 2 English: a global languageToday's topic is English as a global language. I know many of you who speak English as a second language,right? How about you, H~? Is English your first language?H:No. My first language is Japnese. English is my second language.And how about you, P~?P: English is my second language,too. My first language is Spanish.See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language.Today I want to give you two cantrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. First is that English is obvious a glabal language, people who support this point of view believe English is the language of people all over the world used to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truely a global language because it is not the main language spoken by most people word wide. Suporters of this view say that even though many people speak some English world wide, English has not replaced other languages. They ackonwledge that people use English every day for many reasons, but this doesn't mean English is replacing other languages, not make English the main language spoken in the world.First,let's exam the first view. First of all, English is the dominated language of business, travel and sciences. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it, English is often used that touriest imformation setters, in international hotels, at airports. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can't speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is used at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English along with French at its meetings. ACN, the Asian Trade Group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situation in which English is used as a common language?P: How about this class? All of us are listening to you in English.Absolutely, educational settings a great example. Any others?P:How about the chatroom on the internet? I sometimes go to chatroom, seems everyone uses English. Excellent example! The internet has creat a lot of international communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the internet know English. This helps to support the view English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the offical language of more than 75 countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business and govenment. Of these 75 countries, English may be the only offical language of the country like in England, or English may be used along with other offical languages, like in Filipine, Singapore and India. In country like in India, where so many languages were spoken, you can see how using English as an offical language make it easier for people to communicate. The third reason to support the global arguement is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? Why are some of the reasons? P~,how about you?P: Well, now to study ,and some day, I want to be in the international business.That's a solid reason,How about you? A~?A: I'm not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.OK. There is more general reason. The point is people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities. To sum up, English is used everyday by many people. People all over the world coming contact with each other for many reasons. The need a common language, a languge to facilitate communication. Being proficient in English give someone an advantage in these situations.OK, I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language? lets look at why some people don't believe English has replaced other languages.First, there are about 3 times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as their first language. As in many coutries, where some people use English for work each day, they don't use Enlish anywhere else. Even in an English speaking country, there are millions of people who perfer to speak a language other than english at home with friends or at work.Second, I mentioned before,that 75 countries had English as their offcial language. This doesn't mean all or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. e.g, In India, most (s ) agree that only about 5% of the population speak English. That's a small persentage. Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situation, such as the taxi driverd I mentioned ealier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like "where are you going" or "what is the name of your hotel" isn't really a proficient English speaker. Another example is, Airspeak, the English that is used by aircraft controll in pilots, a pilot from their lines or aircraft control need to know airspeak ,but they may only learn the words they need for these jobs ,and therefore they cannot be considered as English speakers. The point here is that people all over the world may use English for work or other situations, nevertheless, this doesn't mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication, English is not their main language. So, what does this all mean? I think it's safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And for now, English is that language. But English would replace other languages for most daily communication, and this to me is what a global language really is. One that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their fist language will decline, I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture including their first language, they may still want to learn English, but I don't see them to give up their own language for English. What do you think? I'm gonna stop there. I know that's a lot of imformation to digest. we'll continue talking about some of the diffrences in English words used in vary countries in Austrilia,Singapore and Filipine.Unit 3 High Anxiety: Phobiasgood afternoon! Today we are going to turn to a new topic in psychology and start looking at some specific psychological problems. There are a variety of mental problems that can affect us in our daily lifes. some are serious, like a fear of cats, or of insects, others are more serious. Now, as a psychologist, we try to study this different problems and find ways to help people.I want to start the discussion by talking about faily very common psychological problem, a phobia. that's P-H-O-B-I-A. First, I'll explain what phobia is and then I'll talk about some theories on why people have phobias. As you probobly know, a phobia is a fear. So do any of you have phobias? Oh,come on, you can tell me, I'm a psychologist. Yes, Monica.(M) I have a fear of swimming. I don't like to go near the ocean.Ok. That's not an usual phobia. Any one else?Ali?(A) I hate dogs. I mean I just unlike them. When I see a big dog, actually any dog, I just get nervous, so I avoid them.OK. that's another common phobia. Thanks for sharing those examples of phobias. A phobia is not a normal fear, it is an extreme fear, a very strong fear. e.g, my brother, who is a sucessful artist, had computer phobia. he didn't simply dislike using computers, he used to have very strong fear of using them. Psychologist just come up with 3 characteristics of a phobia. People display these 3 characterisitics, if they have a phobia, not just a normal fear.Now, first, a phobia is not a rational response. It's a very strong reaction, too strong for the situation. for my brother, this meant he has very strong physical reaction if someone ask him to use a computer. he started shaking violated, had trouble breathing, once he even started choking. Physical recations like this are common.Second, a phobia often last for a long time, for months or even years. In my brother's case, it lasts several years.Third, the reaction is too strong for a person to control. e.g, even my brother told himself to not to be afraid of computer, it didn't help. He still felt very afraid. Usually, people avoid whatever it is they are afraid of. so, in my brother's case, he avioded using a computer. OK, so those are the 3 characteristics of phobias. It's an extreme unrational response, it's long-lasting,and it's uncontrollable.(M) so 'uncontrollable' means even you try to control it, you can't?yes, it means you can't control it by try to deny you fear of phobia. There are ways to treat phobias, and we will talk about it in a minute.Yes!(A) what happened to your brother, did he get over of it?Yes, he did. The main thing was that he decided that he wanted to get over it.and he was treated by a psychologist. now, he uses computers all the time.OK.let's spend a minute going over some classifications of phobias. Phobias are classified by the thing or situation that the person fears. Greek or Latin are usually used to describe the fears. here are examples: Hypno, H-Y-P-N-O means sleep, so, fear of sleep is hypnophobia. cyno, C-Y-N-O means dog, so a fear of dog is cynophobia, right? Here is another example, aerophobia, listen to the first part, aero, what's the fear? aero, as in airplane, aerophobia is fear flying. Let turn out to the causes of phobias.One theory is that phobia is learned. This means something happens that causes someone or in a sence, teach someone to fear afraid. e.g, Ali ,could have learn to be afraid of dogs, if he was attacked or injured by a dog when he was a child. people can also learn phobias by watching how other people react. In fact, I just find that phobias tend to run in families. e.g, let's image that Ali's mother has always been afraid of dogs, whenever Ali and his mother were together and so a dog, his mother got very scared, very nervous, when Ali saw how his mother reacted, he would then gradually became very scared, too. He would then, have developed cynophobia from watching his mother. So you can see that there are two ways learning can be involved in phobias. So the 1st theory is that phobia is learned either by directed experiences or by watching thereactions of others. The 2nd theory says that a phobia is only a sign of a deeper problem. This means that the phobia isn't the whole problem. Let's take another example, I once treated a teenage who was very afraid of dark, he couldn't be in a dark room by himself, he was terrified to go outside at night, and so on. According to this theory, when he acted afraid of the dark, he was really showing his fear of sth else. In theopy he reviewed ,he was afraid of his father. His father was very strict when he was young, and once his father made him sit in a dark room when he did sth bad. According to this theory, his fear of dark was a sign of this deeper, real fear of his father. Yes, question.(A)so what did you do? did you talk to his father?Well, no, we couldn't do that. But recongnizing that he was really afraid of his father, and not the dark, was the key-step of the treatment. Now he is cured, no more fear of the dark. Ok,let's think about these 2 theories, and about the main difference between them.The 1st theory says that the phobia is the problem itself, right? And the 2nd theory says the phobia is a sign of deeper problem a person has. Why is the difference important? The most improtant in deciding how to treat the person.According to the 1st theory, if a phobia is learned, perhaps, it can be unlearned. A psychologist who follow this theory would try to teach someone to react differently to behave differently when he or she feels afraid. Changing the person's behavior is the goal. On the other hand, the psychologist who believes the 2nd theory may start by try to teach the person to react differently, but the doctor was interersted in more than that. The doctor's objective or goal is to help the patient reveal the deeper psychological problem because it will be easier to treat the phobia if the deeper problem is identified and work down as well. I want you to think for a minute, about the significance of having these 2 theories or any competing thoeries. What is it mean?I t tells us that phychologist like any scientist have to continue to do research to learn and to test treatments we believe to affect based on research. Treatments improve the more we learn.Unit 4:TV-What we watch?Good morning. Who watched TV last night? Ha, most of you. OK, today we're going to talk about an important part of the media-TV. Specifically, TV viewing and TV dramas. Now, first, I'll give you some background, then we'll discuss what make this type of programming -dramas so popular worldwide? OK, let's get started. Most of you would agree that watching TV is part of most people's lifes. Now, statistic varies on how much people watch TV, but research shows that quiet a few Americans on average exceed 6 hours of TV per day. An English professor name Ceceila Tichi has studied TV for many years. In her book "Electronic Hearth" creating an American television culture, she discusses how the TV has become the centre of activity at home. We walk to a room, turn on the TV, and suddenly, the outside world becomes less important. People use TV to tune out or forget about the outside world. We are safe to relax and join the world of the TV shows. Do you ever feel this way about TV? Yes, many of you are nodding. She also seem out culture has also defined by TV. Now, by this, she means that TV has a huge influence on our attitudes on what we like to eat, on what we like to wear or what we like to talk about. E.g., popular TV shows are discussed at work, at school, and coffee shops. We even children 4 or 5 years old do this with their favorite shows. This shows that we lived in a TV culture. Improved technology has contributed it further to our TV culture. Satellites services in particular have expanded the TV program in many parts of the world. There are now hundreds of TV channels people can watch, and the options continue to expand. Game shows, sports, news, talk shows, comedies, TV dramas, movies, man with cable and satellite, there are a lot of choices. Nielsen Media Research studiedpeople's TV viewer habits in the US. They monitor which shows are popular and with whom. e.g., popular shows have included the game show “Who want to be a Millionaire", and the reality TV show "Survivor", They were very very popular and watched by millions of people of all age groups. Now, all of this is really background. What I want to focus on today is one form of a popular TV show that is popular with many people of many age groups. This is TV dramas, specifically, TV dramas known as soap operas or in Spanish telenovelas. Some of you might be familiar with telenovelas. Telenovelas and soap opera in the US are similar, but have one big difference: the number of episodes they have. Telenovelas and TV series end after about 200 episodes, the story eventually ends. Soap operas in the U.S., however, continue day after day for many years and may never end. For example, the Guiding light has been on for more than 12,000 episodes and on it goes. Can you believe that more than 12,000 episodes? Soap operas started in the United States in 1959 with the show "the Guiding light". This TV shows were called soap operas because the main advertisers were companies that made soap. This type of programming is popular all over the world. Dozens of countries make their own soap opera shows. Mexican soap opera has been devoted the most popular TV show the year in countries such as Korea and Russia. Japanese soap operas are sent to Belgium. US soap operas are watched worldwide. The Lattern American soap opera "Betty low-fair" or "Betty the Ugly" was the huge success in the US. Brazilian telenovelas are the most widely distributed television shows in the world, and have been seen in more than 100 countries. And there are many other examples. What is it about this shows that make them popular everywhere? And why do people from very different cultures all enjoyed watching the same soap opera? Well, there are a couple of reasons. One reason suggested by Robert C. Allen who has done extensive research on television veiwing is that many soap opera deal with universal things that people all over the world understand. Themes are topics, e.g., family, love, personal struggle, money problems, marriage problems, health problems, job problems. Viewers did not need to know the culture in order to understand the family problems in the show. Now, according to E.Pillps, one of the creators of the "Guiding Light", another reason is that people identify with the characters. They feel the characters are just like them. To quote her from an interview, they, the soap operas, deal with life as we know it. Now by this, she means the family in soap operas deal with problems of everyday life. And so, as people watch everyday, day after day, a special bond or feeling develops between them and the TV family. The get to know the characters and their problems. The TV family's welfare becomes important. There is a sense of community of sharing a family. All of these things contribute to character loyalty. If any of you have watched the show regularly, you know what I mean. You watch it because you identify with the characters. Now, writers of TV shows understand that TV views want to have a group of characters to know and care about. As W.R, former exclusive producer of Generally Hospital, quoted it, the audiences want personal human connection, and when they get it ,they are devoted. This means they become very loyal to the TV characters they watch everyday. To give an interesting example from "as the World turns", some years back, the writers wanted to have to main character Bob Hughes get shot on a Friday, well, that Friday turned out to be Christmas Eve, the producer of the TV shows told the writers, " No,No,No, he can't be shot on this Friday's show. Do you know why?"Because it was too violent?"Well, no, not because it was too violent, but they didn't want him shot on the Friday before Christmas."Why? I mean, Why not?"Because the audience would worry all weekend about them, they want to know if he was alive or dead, and they would not enjoy Christmas. So, the writers had to change the story and have himshot after Christmas. I mean, the viewers really identified with these characters as if they were real people. Writers for evening TV also try to create character loyalty but not with continuing story. Instead, each week, the story begins and ends. However, each week, the same characters appear, and viewers watch because they know the characters and they care about them, like friends. A great example with this was the show “Sign field" there were four main characters, Jerry, Jodge, Crema and Len. They each had their own problems, their own personalities. Viewers got to know them and want to see what would happen to them. When you think about it, don't good writers usually do this? They develop our interesting in the characters, so they want us to keep reading, or keep watching TV. The next time you watch a soap opera, think about the things that make these shows so popular worldwide, think about as people want everyday, the get to know the characters and become a part of that TV community. OK, that's all for today, it's time for you to go home and watch some TV.Unit 5 : Learning differentlyHello, everyone! I think we can get started now. As we has studied in this class, there are many different ways of learning, and there are many different learning problems. Some people have problems with reading or math, or with expressing their ideas in words. Some people have memory problems, for example, they have difficulty remembering what they hear, or read. Other people have problems holding a pencil or pens till they can write. As educators, these are challenges that we need to understand, because everyone deserves education. And it's our job to promote learning. Today, I would like to talk about one common cause of learning problems-dyslexia. The term dyslexia that's D-Y-S-L-E-X-I-A, is from Greek. It means difficulty with words and language. In the first part of my talk, I briefly explain what dyslexia is and give you some general background about it. Then in the second part, I'll present one doctor's explanation of why people with dyslexia have learning difficulties. OK, what is dyslexia? Dyslexia means a difficult with reading or writing. Before about 1970, researchers thought dyslexia with a visual problem - a problem seeing letters and words correctly. But this theory was never confirmed to be true. Researchers have now concluded that the main problem may be the dyslexic having trouble matching sounds with letters in words because their brains work differently from other people's. That explains it. Every word is made up of sounds, right? And the sound units are called phoneme. Let's take the word 'cat', now some one has not dyslexia, will read the word cat, and be able to break it into the sounds, the phonemes,[k],[ai],[t], however, some one who has dyslexia, has trouble breaking down the word into sounds and that's the result- has trouble reading the word. There are other problems people with dyslexia may have. And not everyone with dyslexia has the same problem, that's why there is no definition of dyslexia that is accepted by everyone. We do know, however, that the dyslexic person's brain works differently from other people's. Here is a few examples of students with dyslexia and their learning problems. Anna knows the answer to a question, but says the wrong words. Toms, studies hard for spelling test, he can say how each word to spell, but he cannot write the words correctly on the test. Kert, tries to pay attention in class, but he has trouble sitting still and listening. He can't concentrate, and his teacher thinks he doesn't care about school. CEG has the trouble with the order things, such as the steps in the math problem, history lessons or even his own daily schedule. Susan has trouble following directions, she may confuse left and right. Yes, do you have a question? (Student:) I don't understand about the boy who can't stand still.The boy who can't concentrate in class?(Student:) Yes, I mean, how is that to dyslexia?Well, typicaly, the trial has trouble following spoken directions or understanding the step in a lesson. And so he becomes very nervous or upset, and can't concentrate. OK?(Student:)Oh. Okay, so the dyslexia prevencing(?) from concentrating?Right, these are some of the challenges for people with dyslexia. And as I said earlier, no two people have identical problems. Of course there are other reasons why a student may not pay attention in class, or have trouble reading, however, these are problems someone with dyslexia may have, because the dyslexic person's brain works differently from other people's. Another question, yes?(Student:) How common is dyslexia?It's estimated 10 percent of all school children are dyslexic.(Student) Waa, that's a lot. I heard that only a fact of boys, that's not true, isn't it? No, researchers have confirmed both genders can have dyslexia. Ok, so that gives you an idea of that problem. But what causes dyslexia? Researchers think there may be a genetic basis for dyslexia. There problem may inherited from their mother or their father. This is based on the fact about 85 percent of children with dyslexia have either mother or father who is dyslexic. What's interesting is well as challenge for us educator is that these kids generally score high on intelligence tests. But they usually can't read, write, or spell as the same level of their classmates. This can be a problem because other people, even their teachers often do believe that the kids are very intelligent. In addition, dyslexics often feel there are something wrong with them, because they cannot learn the same way others kids at school can. They often feel stressed and blame their selves especially when other people say they are lazy, and not trying. Many of them try very hard to learn, but still have trouble. In this part of the lecture, I present the work that Dr. Harry Levinson, a psychologist who was studding dyslexia for over 25 years. To help to understand dyslexia, he tells us to think about our brain as TV sets, and to think our part of brain to receive information as computer chips. Everyday, these chips, the parts of new brain, receive information, right? Now, this information enters into the brain, as signals as what we see or hear or touch and so on. Now, the job of these brain parts is to tune the signals to different channels in our brain. Your brain receives the signals just as your TV set at home does. Like you say, channel 5, or channel 6. Now, with these computer chips, our brain working, right? They can't receive signals correctly, nor can they tune in the correct channels. So the signals drift around and become unclear. And that's the signals drift, this causes problems. For example, the child's brain cannot receive the signals on the page as she reads, she has difficulty reading. If a child cannot tune in the signals he hears in class, he has difficulty understanding what the teacher tells him. If the signal drifts, this can also control energy levels- our ability to concentrate, our ability to distinguish what is important and unimportant. This is why some children have difficulty sitting still in class. the good news is, that after many years of research, Dr. Levinson and others have concluded that the brain can learn to fix the drifting. Children who received help often learn to deal with individual problems and do better in school. Naturally, it's best the school intervene and give help when the children are very young. It's also important the teachers, and you, future teachers be flexible about how you teach, and consider the different learning needs of students with dyslexia. In some special schools for dyslexic learners, the teachers read to the students. They don't require the students to read or write to learn. Teachers present lessons in a variety of ways, students can take tests orally rather than in writing and reading and writing are taught a separate skills. This approaches recognize that the students are very capable of learning but to be taught in a different way because the learn differently. This is a very positive step. So today I gave you some generalideas about what dyslexia is and what educators are doing to help these students learn. OK, well that's enough for today, we will talk more about this in the next class.unit 6 immigrationAll right, lets get started. US immigration is our topic today. I know many of you are immigrants, so you know something about this topic. As you may know by my last name, I have a German background. My parents immigrated to the US from Germany about 50 years ago. Yes, question?Does that mean you're immigrant?Well, no. My parents are immigrants. They came to the states from Germany, I'm the 1st generation German-American because I was born here. First, we'll talk briefly about immigration, the history of immigration to the US, and the story of diversity in the US. To immigrate means to move from one country to another, it's a permanent move. By contrast, if you go to live and work in France for 2 years, you don't immigrate there, you move there temporarily, because you plan to return to your country. So to immigrate means to move to another country to live there indefinitely. Immigration happens all over the word, most people do it to improve their economic or social situation. While I do now is give a brief knowledge about US immigration. Let's start with the colonial period, the 1st wave immigration in the 17th century. Most immigrants were from western Europe, although the spani arrived in 1513. The 1st permanent settlement in North America was when the British started in 1607 in J. T. J. People were not prohibited from immigration by the British, anyone could come. Life was difficult, and some people did not survive, but people felt it was worth to risk to have a better life in the colonial. The French, Spanish and Dutch also came, but in smaller numbers. I should also point out that about 20% of the population of this time was African-American. However, most were immigrants. They were brought from Africa as slaves. Today, we ? our discussion to voluntary immigration, to people who choose to come to the US. Now, by 1775, the US population had grown to about. 2.5 million, the country was growing fast, some thought too fast. So in the 1790s, laws were passed to control immigration for the first time. The Naturalization Act of 1798, required immigrants to live in the US for a certain number of years before they became citizens. The 2nd big wave of immigration happened between 1840 and 1920. During this wave, about 37 million people came to the US. The industry of revolution has begun in Europe causing a big shift from farming to factory jobs. Many left for the US, hoping to continue doing the farming job they knew . About 80% of these 2nd wave immigrants were from all over Europe. During this 2nd wave, Chinese workers also came to the US, mostly as contract workers. They were ranged or contracted to work for American company before they left home. Most of them worked in the gold mines of California and later builded rail roads, then laws were past in the 1880s to keep most contract workers out. Ellis, where are we? Ah, yes, 1891. In 1891, US congress created the INS, the Immigration and Naturalization Service, to control immigration. Any of you who want to immigrate to the US have heard the INS. Upon to 1891, each state had its own law and could decide which immigrants could enter. So no one really control the total number of people allowed in each year, after 1891, the Federal Government made the laws instead. A year later, in 1892, the INS opened Ellis Island in New York Harbor. Ships would go passed the statue of liberty, the symbol of a new life for many people and stopped at Ellis Island. Have any of you seen Ellis Island, or the statue of liberty? You have, EF?Yes, I have. The statue of liberty and Ellis Island.What did you think?Very impressive, interesting, too.Yes, it is interesting. Now the Ellis Island had been made into a museum. It's an important part。

考研英语真题试卷2023一、听力部分（共30分）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.News Report 1[News Report 1 Content]Questions 1 to 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The new policy will benefit the elderly.B) The new policy will reduce the tax burden.C) The new policy will increase the tax revenue.D) The new policy will encourage investment.2. A) The government is considering additional measures.B) The government has already implemented the policy.C) The government is facing opposition to the policy.D) The government is seeking public opinion.News Report 2[News Report 2 Content]Questions 3 to 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) The company has developed a new technology.B) The company is facing a lawsuit.C) The company has been fined for environmental violations.D) The company is planning to expand its business.4. A) The lawsuit is related to the company's new technology.B) The lawsuit is related to the company's financial reports.C) The lawsuit is related to the company's marketing practices.D) The lawsuit is related to the company's labor practices.News Report 3[News Report 3 Content]Question 5 is based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) The event was a success.B) The event was cancelled due to bad weather.C) The event was postponed to a later date.D) The event was attended by a large number of people.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and choose the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation 1[Conversation 1 Content]Questions 6 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.6. A) The woman is looking for a job.B) The woman is interested in further education.C) The woman is considering changing her career.D) The woman is planning to start her own business.7. A) The man is a career counselor.B) The man is a university professor.C) The man is a company recruiter.D) The man is a financial advisor.8. A) The woman should gain more experience in her field.B) The woman should consider taking some relevant courses.C) The woman should focus on her long-term goals.D) The woman should be more realistic in her expectations.Conversation 2[Conversation 2 Content]Questions 9 to 10 are based on the conversation you have justheard.9. A) The man is a new employee at the company.B) The man is a regular customer at the store.C) The man is a representative of a supplier.D) The man is a member of the management team.10. A) The woman is showing the man around the office.B) The woman is helping the man with his purchase.C) The woman is explaining the company's policies.D) The woman is discussing the man's job responsibilities.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three questions. The passages and the questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and choose the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1[Passage 1 Content]Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The importance of a balanced diet.B) The benefits of regular exercise.C) The impact of stress on health.D) The role of sleep in maintaining health.12. A) By eating more vegetables and fruits.B) By reducing the intake of sugar and salt.C) By avoiding processed and fast foods.D) By including whole grains in the diet.13. A) It can lead to serious health problems。

考研复试英语听力真题1、The car is _______. It needs washing. [单选题] *A. cleanB. dirty(正确答案)C. oldD. new2、—Are these your sheep? [单选题] *A）on grass at the foot of the hill.(正确答案)B. feedC.is fedD. is feeding3、Don’t play games on the computer all day. It’s ______ for your eyes. [单选题] *A. bad(正确答案)B. usefulC. helpfulD. thankful4、Bliss, who worked in an information centre, began to work on the book in 1 [单选题] *A. 策划B. 上班C. 写作(正确答案)D. 销售5、28．—Where is Fujian Province?—It’s ________ the southeast of China. [单选题] * A．in (正确答案)B．onC．toD．at6、July hardly joins in any class activities,_____? [单选题] *A. does she(正确答案)B. doesn't sheC. didn't sheD. is she7、The yellow bag _______ me. [单选题] *A. belong toB. belongs to(正确答案)C. belongD. belongs8、The strawberries ______ fresh. Can I taste (品尝) one?（）[单选题] *A. watchB. tasteC. soundD. look(正确答案)9、42．—________ meat do you want?—Half a kilo. [单选题] * A．How much(正确答案)B．How manyC．WhatD．Which10、I’m _______ I must be leaving now. [单选题] *A. afraid(正确答案)B. thinkC. thoughtD. free11、You can't see many _____ in a hospital. [单选题] *A. man nurseB. men nurses(正确答案)C. men nurseD. man nurses12、We _______ play basketball after school. [单选题] *A. were used toB. used to(正确答案)C. use toD. are used to13、Alice is fond of playing ____ piano while Henry is interested in listening to ___ music. [单选题] *A. the, /(正确答案)B. the, theC. the, aD. /, the14、The huntsman caught only a（）of the deer before it ran into the woods. [单选题] *A. gazeB. glareC. glimpse(正确答案)D. stare15、There may be something wrong with her _______. She can’t see things clearly. [单选题] *A. eyes(正确答案)B. earsC. mouthD. nose16、There _______ some milk in the glass. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. haveD. has17、My sister _______ listen to music when she was doing her homework．[单选题] *A. used to(正确答案)B. use toC. is used toD. uses to18、_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. [单选题]*A. TravelB. Traveling(正确答案)C. Having traveledD. Traveled19、88．Sorry. I don’t know the way? ? ? ? ? ?Dongfeng Cinema. [单选题] *A．byB．ofC．to(正确答案)D．for20、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words21、28．The question is very difficult. ______ can answer it. [单选题] *A．EveryoneB．No one(正确答案)C．SomeoneD．Anyone22、—Where are you going, Tom? —To Bill's workshop. The engine of my car needs _____. [单选题] *A. repairing(正确答案)B. repairedC. repairD. to repair23、We moved to the front row_____we could hear and see better. [单选题] *A. so asB. so that(正确答案)C. becauseD. such that24、His father always _______ by subway. [单选题] *A. go to workB. go to schoolC. goes to bedD. goes to work(正确答案)25、Don’t talk _______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. [单选题] *A. happilyB. nearlyC. loudly(正确答案)D. hardly26、24．I often ask my English teacher some questions ________ e-mail. [单选题] * A．by(正确答案)B．inC．forD．with27、—______ Tom play the piano?—Yes, very well. （）[单选题] *A. Can(正确答案)B. MayC. MustD. Should28、Mrs. Black is on her way to England. She will _______ in London on Sunday afternoon. [单选题] *A. reachB. attendC. arrive(正确答案)D. get29、______this story, and you will realize that not everything can be bought with money. [单选题] *A. ReadingB. ReadC. To readD.Being read(正确答案)30、98．There is a post office ______ the fruit shop and the hospital. [单选题] *A．atB．withC．between(正确答案)D．among。