重庆市第一中学2020届高三3月月考英语试题含答案

重庆市忠县拔山中学2024届高三3月（开学考）英语试题注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。

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第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．After he consulted with his professor，an idea was beginning to____________ in his mind.A．pay off B．take shapeC．work out D．make up2．In order to satisfy the needs of the market, the electric company has ______ its focus to tablet computers and smart mobile phones.A．switched B．shapedC．directed D．discovered3．The children wrote magical stories together, _____ imaginary worlds of romantic and military adventure.A．to spin B．spinningC．having spun D．to have spun4．—I am afraid this pair of shoes is a little expensive．—If you really want to buy them, I will give you a ____ of 10 percent．A．quantity B．amount C．discount D．account5．—What was it that caused the party to be put off?—________ the invitations.A．Because Tom delayed sendingB．Tom delayed to sendC．That Tom delayed sendingD．Tom delayed sending6．He has written two articles for the journal，one to be published in this issue，the other to___________ in the next. A．turn out B．come outC．bring out. D．leave out7．The shocking news made me realize ______ terrible problems we would face.A. that B．how C．what D．why8．-- Are you happy with this laboratory?-- Not a little. We can’t have ________.A．a worse one B．a nicer one C．a worst one D．a nicest one9．Because of the heavy snow, we had to delay the visit until this weekend to the artgallery ____ in the center of our citythese days.A．being held B．holding C．to be held D．held10．Kunming is called “Spring City”, but it _____ snow in winter.A．shall B．can C．must D．might11．So ________ sometimes in trying to accomplish something big _______ we fail to notice the little things that give life its magic.A．we get caught up; as B．do we get caught up; thatC．caught up get we; as D．caught up do we get; that12．In Beijing, more than 21,100 people ________ to donate their bodies by the end of 2017, as the city promoted a body donation campaign from 1999.A．have applied B．had appliedC．would have applied D．applied13．________ they choose Chinese company is that China has the most advanced technology of high speed railway in the world.A．When B．ThatC．Where D．Why14．He asked ______ for the computer.A．did I pay how muchB．I paid how muchC．how much did I payD．how much I paid15．In fact，most of us would the consequences of stupid decisions taken byothers.A．handle B．solve C．follow D．suffer16．We work during the week，but weekends and evenings are usually ________．A．vacant B．casual C．empty D．clear17．—The movie Till Death Do Us Part 《最爱》will be on at 8 pm．What about picking you up at 7pm?—All right．I will have come back from work by then, and I you at home．A．will be waiting for B．will wait for C．have been waiting for D．am waiting for18．It was announced that only when the fire was under control __________to return to their homes.A．the residents would be permittedB．had the residents been permittedC．would the residents be permittedD．the residents had been permitted19．—The lecture about 3D technology was very interesting.—It’s a pity. How I wish I ________ time to attend it.A．had B．have C．had had D．have had20．This kind of glasses made by experienced craftsmen _________ comfortably.A．is worn B．wears C．wearing D．are worn第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2021届重庆市第一中学校高三上学期第三次月考数学试题一、单选题1．复数z 满足21iz i=-，则复数z 的虚部为（）A ．﹣1B ．1C ．iD ．﹣i【答案】B【分析】利用复数的除法运算化简211ii i=-+-，再利用复数的代数形式求出结果.【详解】解：∵()()()()2121211112i i i i i z i i i i ++====-+--+，则复数z 的虚部为1．故选：B ．【点睛】本题考查复数的除法运算.复数的除法运算关键是分母“实数化”，其一般步骤如下：(1)分子、分母同时乘分母的共轭复数；(2)对分子、分母分别进行乘法运算；(3)整理、化简成实部、虚部分开的标准形式．2．已知集合{}22,A xx x Z =<∈∣，则A 的真子集共有（）个A ．3B ．4C ．6D ．7【答案】D【分析】写出集合{1,0,1}A =-，即可确定真子集的个数.【详解】因为{}22,{1,0,1}A xx x Z =<∈=-∣，所以其真子集个数为3217-=.故选：D.【点睛】本题考查集合的真子集个数问题，属于简单题.3．已知某圆锥的母线长为4，底面圆的半径为2，则圆锥的全面积为（）A ．10πB ．12πC ．14πD ．16π【答案】B【分析】首先求得底面周长，即侧面展开图的扇形弧长，然后根据扇形的面积公式即可求得侧面积，即圆锥的侧面积，再求得圆锥的底面积，侧面积与底面积的和就是全面积．【详解】底面周长是：2×2π=4π，则侧面积是：14π48π2⨯⨯=，底面积是：π×22=4π，则全面积是：8π+4π=12π．故选B ．【点睛】本题考查了圆锥的全面积计算，正确理解圆锥的侧面展开图与原来的扇形之间的关系是解决本题的关键，理解圆锥的母线长是扇形的半径，圆锥的底面圆周长是扇形的弧长．4．为了衡量星星的明暗程度，古希腊天文学家喜帕恰斯在公元前二世纪首先提出了星等这个概念.星等的数值越小，星星就越亮；星等的数值越大它的光就越暗.到了1850年，由于光度计在天体光度测量的应用，英国天文学家普森又提出了亮度的概念，天体的明暗程度可以用星等或亮度来描述.两颗星的星等与亮度满足()12212.5lg lg m m E E -=-，其中星等为k m 的星的亮度为(1,2)k E k =.已知“心宿二”的星等是1.00，“天津四”的星等是1.25，则“心宿二”的亮度大约是“天津四”的（）倍.（当||x 较小时，2101 2.3 2.7x x x ≈++）A ．1.27B ．1.26C ．1.23D ．1.22【答案】B【分析】把已知数据代入公式计算12E E ．【详解】由题意211 1.25 2.5(lg lg )E E -=-，12lg0.1E E =,∴0.1212101 2.30.1 2.70.1 1.257 1.26E E =≈+⨯+⨯=≈．故选：B ．【点睛】本题考查数学新文化，考查阅读理解能力．解题关键是在新环境中抽象出数学知识，用数学的思想解决问题．5．向量,a b 满足||1a = ，a 与b 的夹角为3π，则||a b - 的取值范围为（）A ．[1,)+∞B ．[0,)+∞C ．1,2⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭D ．3,2⎫+∞⎪⎢⎪⎣⎭【答案】D【分析】把||a b -用数量积表示后结合函数的性质得出结论．【详解】22222||()2121cos 3a b a b a a b b b b π-=-=-⋅+=-⨯⨯+ 21b b -+= 2134423b ⎛⎫=+≥⎪⎝⎭- ，所以3||2a b -≥ ．1||2b = 时取得最小值．故选：D ．【点睛】本题考查平面向量的模，解题关键是把模用向量的数量积表示，然后结合二次函数性质得出结论．6．已知三棱锥P ABC -，过点P 作PO ⊥面,ABC O 为ABC ∆中的一点，,PA PB PB PC ⊥⊥，PC PA ⊥，则点O 为ABC ∆的（）A ．内心B ．外心C ．重心D ．垂心【答案】D【分析】连接AO 并延长交BC 于一点E ，连接PO ，由于PA ，PB ，PC 两两垂直可以得到PA ⊥面PBC ，而BC ⊂面PBC ，可得BC ⊥PA ，由PO ⊥平面ABC 于O ，BC ⊂面ABC ，PO ⊥BC ，可得BC ⊥AE ，同理可以证明CO ⊥AB ，又BO ⊥AC ．故O 是△ABC 的垂心．【详解】连接AO 并延长交BC 于一点E ，连接PO ，由于PA ，PB ，PC 两两垂直可以得到PA ⊥面PBC ，而BC ⊂面PBC ，∴BC ⊥PA ，∵PO ⊥平面ABC 于O ，BC ⊂面ABC ，∴PO ⊥BC ，∴BC ⊥平面APE ，∵AE ⊂面APE ，∴BC ⊥AE ；同理可以证明CO ⊥AB ，又BO ⊥AC ．∴O 是△ABC 的垂心．故选D ．【点睛】本题主要考查了直线与平面垂直的性质，解题时要注意数形结合，属于基本知识的考查．7．设sin5a π=，b =，2314c ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭，则（）A ．a c b <<B ．b a c <<C ．c a b<<D ．c b a<<【答案】C【分析】借助中间量1和12比较大小即可.【详解】解：由对数函数y x =在()0,∞+单调递增的性质得：1b =>=，由指数函数12xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭在R 单调递减的性质得：2413311142212c ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭=<=，由三角函数sin y x =在0,2π⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递增的性质得1sin sin 562a ππ=>=.所以c ab <<.故选：C.【点睛】本题考查利用函数的单调性比较大小，考查运算能力，化归转化思想，是中档题.本题解题的关键在于借助中间量1和12，尤其在比较a 与c 的大小时，将c 变形得24331142c ⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪ =⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，进而与12比较大小是重中之核心步骤.8．已知三棱锥P ABC -的四个顶点均在同一个确定的球面上，且BA BC ==，2ABC π∠=，若三棱锥P ABC -体积的最大值为3，则其外接球的半径为（）A ．2B ．3C ．4D ．5【答案】A【分析】由题意分析知三棱锥P ABC -体积的最大时，P ，O ，O '共线且O P '⊥面ABC ，P 在大于半球的的球面上，根据棱锥体积公式求得||O P '，进而应用勾股定理求外接球的半径.【详解】由题意知：AC 中点O '为面ABC 外接圆圆心，若外接球球心为O ，半径为R ，三棱锥P ABC -体积的最大时，P ，O ，O '共线且O 在P ，O '之间，∴1||33P ABC ABC V S O P -'=⋅⋅= ，1||||32ABC S BA BC =⋅⋅= ，即||3O P '=，||||32AC O C '==，所以()22222'|||'|33O C OC OO R R =-=--=，解得2R =，故选：A【点睛】关键点点睛：理解三棱锥P ABC -体积的最大时P 的位置及与球心、底面外接圆圆心的关系，结合棱锥体积公式、勾股定理求球体半径.二、多选题9．设m 、n 是两条不同的直线，α、β是两个不同的平面，下列命题中错误．．的是（）A ．若,,//m n m n αβ⊂⊂，则//αβB ．若,m n m α⊂⊥，则n α⊥C ．若,m n αα^Ì，则m n ⊥D ．若//,,m n αβαβ⊂⊂，则//m n【答案】ABD【分析】根据空间线、面关系，结合空间关系相关图例以及线线、线面、面面间的平行、垂直判定与性质，即可知选项的正误.【详解】A ：,,//m n m n αβ⊂⊂，α、β不一定平行，错误.B ：,m n m α⊂⊥，n 不一定垂直于α，错误.C ：由线面垂直的性质：,m n αα^Ì，则必有m n ⊥，正确.D ：//,,m n αβαβ⊂⊂，m 、n 不一定平行，错误.故选：ABD10．下列函数中，在(0,1)内是减函数的是（）A ．||12x y ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭B ．212log y x =C ．121=+y x D ．2log sin y x=【答案】ABC【分析】根据复合函数的单调性判断确定选项中各函数是否为减函数即可.【详解】A ：1(2t y =为减函数，||t x =在(0,1)上为增函数，所以||12x y ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭为减函数；B ：12log y t =为减函数，2t x =在(0,1)上为增函数，所以212log y x =为减函数；C ：1y t =为减函数，21t x =+在(0,1)上为增函数，所以121=+y x 为减函数；D ：2log y t =为增函数，sin t x =在(0,1)上为增函数，所以2log sin y x =为增函数；故选：ABC【点睛】结论点睛：对于复合函数的单调性有如下结论1、内外层函数同增或同减为增函数；2、内外层函数一增一减为减函数；11．下列关于函数1()2sin 26f x x π⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭的图像或性质的说法中，正确的为（）A ．函数()f x 的图像关于直线83x π=对称B ．将函数()f x 的图像向右平移3π个单位所得图像的函数为12sin 23y x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭C ．函数()f x 在区间5,33ππ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭上单调递增D ．若()f x a =，则1cos 232a x π⎛⎫-=⎪⎝⎭【答案】AD 【分析】令1262x k πππ+=+得到对称轴，即可判断A ；根据平移变换知识可判断B ；求出其单调增区间即可判断C ；利用配角法即可判断D.【详解】对于A ，令1262x k πππ+=+()k ∈Z ，解得22()3x k k Z ππ=+∈，当1k =时，得83x π=，故A 正确；对于B ，将函数()f x 的图像向右平移3π个单位，得112sin[()]2sin 2362y x x ππ=-+=，故B 错误；对于C ，令122()2262k x k k Z πππππ-+<+<+∈4244()33k x k k Z ππππ⇒-+<<+∈，故C 错误；对于D ，若12sin()26x a π+=，则11cos()sin[()]23223x x πππ-=+-=1sin()262ax π+=，故D 正确.故选：AD【点睛】方法点睛：函数()sin (0,0)y A x B A ωϕω=++>>的性质：(1)max min =+y A B y A B =-，.(2)周期2π.T ω=(3)由()ππ2x k k +=+∈Z ωϕ求对称轴(4)由()ππ2π2π22k x k k -+≤+≤+∈Z ωϕ求增区间；由()π3π2π2π22k x k k +≤+≤+∈Z ωϕ求减区间.12．定义在(0,)+∞上的函数()f x 的导函数为()'f x ，且()()f x f x x'<，则对任意1x 、2(0,)x ∈+∞，其中12x x ≠，则下列不等式中一定成立的有（）A ．()()()1212f x x f x f x +<+B ．()()()()21121212x xf x f x f x f x x x +<+C ．()1122(1)x x f f <D ．()()()1212f x x f x f x <【答案】ABC【分析】构造()()f x g x x=，由()()f x f x x '<有()0g x '<，即()g x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减，根据各选项的不等式，结合()g x 的单调性即可判断正误.【详解】由()()f x f x x '<知：()()0xf x f x x'-<，令()()f x g x x =，则()()()20xf x f x g x x '-='<，∴()g x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减，即122112121212()()()()()g x g x x f x x f x x x x x x x --=<--当120x x ->时，2112()()x f x x f x <；当120x x -<时，2112()()x f x x f x >；A ：121()()g x x g x +<，122()()g x x g x +<有112112()()x f x x f x x x +<+，212212()()x f x x f x x x +<+，所以()()()1212f x x f x f x +<+；B:由上得21121212()()()()x f x x x x f x x x -<-成立，整理有()()()()21121212x xf x f x f x f x x x +<+；C ：由121x >，所以111(2)(1)(2)(1)21x x x f f g g =<=，整理得()1122(1)x x f f <；D ：令121=x x 且121x x >>时，211x x =，12111()()()()g x g x f x f x =，12()(1)(1)g x x g f ==，有121()()g x x g x >，122()()g x x g x <，所以无法确定1212(),()()g x x g x g x 的大小.故选：ABC【点睛】思路点睛：由()()f x f x x '<形式得到()()0xf x f x x'-<，1、构造函数：()()f x g x x =，即()()()xf x f x g x x'-'=.2、确定单调性：由已知()0g x '<，即可知()g x 在(0,)+∞上单调递减.3、结合()g x 单调性，转化变形选项中的函数不等式，证明是否成立.三、填空题13．若一个球的体积为323π，则该球的表面积为_________．【答案】16π【解析】由题意，根据球的体积公式343V R π=，则343233R ππ=，解得2R =，又根据球的表面积公式24S R π=，所以该球的表面积为24216S ππ=⋅=.14．设向量a ，b 不平行，向量a b λ+ 与2a b + 平行，则实数λ=_________．【答案】12【解析】因为向量a b λ+ 与2a b + 平行，所以2a b k a b λ+=+ （），则{12,k k λ==，所以12λ=．【解析】向量共线．15．一般把数字出现的规律满足如图的模型称为蛇形模型：数字1出现在第1行；数字2，3出现在第2行；数字6，5，4（从左至右）出现在第3行；数字7，8，9，10出现在第4行，依此类推，则第21行从左至右的第4个数字应是____________.【答案】228【分析】由题知，第n 行有n 个数字，奇数行从右至左由小变大，偶数行从左至右由小变大，则前20行共有20(120)123202102+++++==L 个数字，第21行最左端的数为21021231+=，从左到右第4个数字为228．【详解】观察数据可知，第n 行有n 个数字，奇数行从右至左由小变大，偶数行从左至右由小变大，则前20行共有20(120)123202102+++++==L 个数字，第21行最左端的数为21021231+=，所以第21行从左到右第4个数字为228．故答案为：228.【点睛】关键点睛：本题考查合情推理、数列的前n 项和，解题关键要善于观察发现数据特征，考查了学生的逻辑思维能力、数据处理能力、运算求解能力，综合性较强，属于较难题型．四、双空题16．已知等比数列{}n a 的公比为q ，且101a <<，20201a =，则q 的取值范围为______；能使不等式12121110m m a a a a a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-++-≤ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ 成立的最大正整数m =______.【答案】(1,)+∞4039【分析】根据已知求得1a 的表达式，由此求得q 的取值范围.根据12121110m m a a a a a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-++-≤ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ 成立列不等式，化简求得m 的取值范围，从而求得最大正整数m .【详解】由已知201911201911a qa q =⇒=，结合101a <<知2019101q <<，解得1q >，故q 的取值范围为(1,)+∞.由于{}n a 是等比数列，所以1n a ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭是首项为11a ，公比为1q 的等比数列.要使12121110m m a a a a a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-++-≤ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭ 成立则1212111m ma a a a a a +++≤+++ 即()111111111m m a q a q q q⎛⎫-⎪-⎝⎭≤--，将120191a q=代入整理得：40394039m q q m ≤⇒≤故最大正整数4039m =.故答案为：(1,)+∞；4039【点睛】本小题主要考查等比数列的性质，考查等比数列前n 项和公式，属于中档题.五、解答题17．在四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -中，底面ABCD 是等腰梯形，M 是线段AB 的中点，1160,22,2,DAB AB CD DD C M ∠=︒====（1）求证：1//C M 平面11A ADD ；（2）求异面直线 CM 与1DD 所成角的余弦值.【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）14.【分析】（1）易得1111//,C D MA C D MA =，则四边形11AMC D 为平行四边形，得到11//C M D A ，再利用线面平行的判定定理证明.（2）由//CM DA ，将异面直线CM 与1DD 成的角，转化为 DA 与1DD 相交所成的角，然后在1ADD ，利用余弦定理求解.【详解】（1）因为四边形ABCD 是等腰梯形，且2AB CD =，所以//AB DC .又由M 是AB 的中点，因此//CD MA 且CD MA =.如图所示：连接1AD ，在四棱柱1111ABCD A B C D -中，因为1111//,CD C D CD C D =，可得1111//,C D MA C D MA =，所以四边形11AMC D 为平行四边形.因此11//C M D A ，又1C M ⊄平面11A ADD ，1D A ⊂平面11A ADD ，所以1//C M 平面11A ADD .（2）因为//CM DA ，所以异面直线CM 与1DD 成的角，即为 DA 与1DD 相交所成的直角或锐角，在1ADD中，1C M =，所以111,2AD AD DD ===，由余弦定理可得：22211111cos 24AD DD AD ADD AD DD +-∠==-⋅，所以异面直线CM 和1DD 余弦值为14.【点睛】方法点睛：判断或证明线面平行的常用方法：(1)利用线面平行的定义，一般用反证法；(2)利用线面平行的判定定理(a ⊄α，b ⊂α，a ∥b ⇒a ∥α)，其关键是在平面内找(或作)一条直线与已知直线平行，证明时注意用符号语言的叙述；(3)利用面面平行的性质定理(α∥β，a ⊂α⇒a ∥β)；(4)利用面面平行的性质(α∥β，a ⊄β，a ∥α⇒a ∥β)．18．已知数列{}n a 满足：13a =，且对任意的n *∈N ，都有1，1,n n a a +成等差数列.（1）证明数列{}1n a -等比数列；（2）已知数列{}n b 前n 和为n S ，条件①：()1(21)n n b a n =-+，条件②：11n n n b a +=-，请在条件①②中仅选择一个条件作为已知条件．．．．．．．．．．．．．来求数列{}n b 前n 和n S .【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）答案不唯一，具体见解析.【分析】（1）由条件得121n n a a +=-，利用等比数列定义可得证.（2）选条件①得(21)2nn b n =+，选条件②得1(1)()2nn b n =+⋅利用错位相减法可得解.【详解】（1）由条件可知112n n a a ++=，即121n n a a +=-，∴()1121n n a a +-=-，且112a -=∴{}1n a -是以112a -=为首项，2q =为公比的等比数列，∴12nn a -=，∴()21nn a n N*=+∈（2）条件①：()1(21)(21)2nn n b a n n =-+=+，123325272(21)2nn S n =⋅+⋅+⋅+++⋅ 23412325272(21)2n n S n +=⋅+⋅+⋅+++⋅利用错位相减法:123413222222222(21)2nn n S n +-=⋅+⋅+⋅+⋅++⋅+⋅- 118(12)6(21)212n n n S n -+--=++⋅--化简得()12(21)2n n S n n N +*=-+∈条件②：11(1)()12nn n n b n a +==+⋅-231111234(1)2222n nS n =⋅+⋅+⋅+++⋅ 234111111234(1)22222n n S n +=⋅+⋅+⋅+++⋅ 利用错位相减法:23411111111(1)222222n n n S n +=++++-+⋅ 1111[1()]11421(1)12212n n n S n -+-=+-+⋅-化简得()13(3)(2n n s n n N *=-+∈【点睛】错位相减法求和的方法：如果数列{}n a 是等差数列，{}n b 是等比数列，求数列{}n n a b 的前n 项和时，可采用错位相减法，一般是和式两边同乘以等比数列{}n b 的公比，然后作差求解;在写“n S ”与“n qS ”的表达式时应特别注意将两式“错项对齐”以便下一步准确写出“n n S qS -”的表达式19．已知椭圆C 的两个焦点分别为12(1,0),(1,0)F F -，短轴的两个端点分别为12,B B .且122B B =.（1）求椭圆C 的标准方程；（2）过点2F 的直线l 与椭圆C 相交于P ，Q 两点，且11F P FQ ⊥ ，求直线l 的方程.【答案】（1）2212x y +=；（2）10x +-=，或10x -=.【分析】（1）由题干条件可得c 和b 的值，进而求出2a 的值，从而求出椭圆方程；（2）首先考虑斜率不存在的情况，不符合题意；当斜率存在时，联立方程，可得()22121222214,2121k k x x x x k k -+=⋅=++，又110F P FQ ⋅= ，向量坐标化可得()()()2221212111110k x x k x x k F P FQ ⋅--==++++uuu r uuu r ，代入1212,x x x x +⋅，化简，即可求出k 的取值，从而求出直线方程.【详解】解（1）由条件可知：1c =，又122B B =，所以1b =，则22a =，所以椭圆C 的方程为2212x y +=（2）当直线l 的斜率不存在时，其方程为1x =，不符合题意；当直线l 的斜率存在时，设直线l 的方程为(1)y k x =-，22(1)12y k x x y =-⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得()()2222214210k x k x k +-+-=，()2810k ∆=+>，设()()1122,,,P x y Q x y ，则()22121222214,2121k k x x x x k k -+=⋅=++，()()1111221,,1,F P x y F Q x y =+=+ ，∵110F P FQ ⋅= ，即()()()()()22212121212111110x x y y k x x k x x k +++=+--+++=，即()()()222222221411()102121k k kk k k k -+--++=++化简得：2201172k k =+-解得217,77k k ==±.故直线l的方程为10x +-=，或10x --=.【点睛】方法点睛：（1）将向量转化为坐标的关系；（2）联立直线和椭圆，求出两根之和，两根之积；（3）将两根之和和两根之积代入坐标关系中，解出k .20．已知()cossin 222x x x f x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭，记ABC 的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c .（1）求()f B 的取值范围；（2）当4a =，433b =，且()f B 取（1）中的最大值时，求ABC 的面积.【答案】（1）30,12⎛+ ⎝⎦；（2）833或433【分析】（1）利用公式对函数化简，根据B 角的范围，求函数值域.（2）由（1）求出B 的大小，利用正弦定理和三角形面积公式即可求出结果.【详解】（1）2()cossin sin cos 222222x x x x x x f x ⎛⎫=+=+ ⎪⎝⎭13(cos 1)3sin sin 2232x x x π+⎛⎫=+=++ ⎪⎝⎭因为B 为三角形的内角，所以(0,)B π∈所以4,333B πππ⎛⎫+∈ ⎪⎝⎭，所以3()0,12f B ⎛∈+ ⎝⎦（2）34()11,,23333f B B B ππππ⎛⎫⎛⎫=++=+∈ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭，,326B B πππ∴+==，由正弦定理得：4343sin 1sin sin sin 22a b A A B A =⇒=⇒=()0,,3A A ππ∈∴=，或23A π=，若3A π=，则2C π=，183sin 23ABC S ab C ==若23π=A ，则6π=C，1sin 23==ABC S ab C 【点睛】本题考查了三角恒等变换、正弦定理和三角形面积公式等基本数学知识，考查了数学运算能力和逻辑推理能力，属于中档题目.21．在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，112,120,,AB AC AA BAC D D ==∠=分别是线段11,BC B C 的中点，过线段AD 的中点P 作BC 的平行线，分别交,AB AC 于点,M N ．（1）证明：平面1A MN ⊥平面11ADD A ；（2）求二面角1A A M N --的余弦值．【答案】（1）证明见解析；（2）155.【分析】（1）根据线面垂直的判定定理即可证明MN ⊥平面ADD 1A 1；又MN ⊂平面A 1MN ，所以平面A 1MN ⊥平面ADD 1A 1；（2）建立空间坐标系，利用向量法求出平面的法向量，利用向量法进行求解即可．【详解】（1）证明：∵AB=AC ，D 是BC 的中点，∴BC ⊥AD ，∵M ，N 分别为AB ，AC 的中点，∴MN ∥BC ，∴MN ⊥AD ，∵AA 1⊥平面ABC,MN ⊂平面ABC ，∴AA 1⊥MN ，∵AD,AA 1⊂平面ADD 1A 1，且AD∩AA 1=A ，∴MN ⊥平面ADD 1A 1∴，又MN ⊂平面A 1MN ，所以平面A 1MN ⊥平面ADD 1A 1；（2）设AA 1=1，如图：过A 1作A 1E ∥BC ，建立以A 1为坐标原点，A 1E ，A 1D 1，A 1A 分别为x ，y ，z 轴的空间直角坐标系如图：则A 1(0，0，0)，A(0，0，1)，∵P 是AD 的中点，∴M ，N 分别为AB ，AC 的中点．则31,,122M ⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，31,,122N ⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，则131,,122A M ⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，()10,0,1A A =，)NM = ，设平面AA 1M 的法向量为(),,m x y z=，则100m AM m A A ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩，得10220x y z z ++=⎨⎪=⎩,令1x =，则y =，则()1,m =，同理设平面A 1MN 的法向量为(),,n x y z=，则100n A M n NM ⎧⋅=⎨⋅=⎩，得310220x y z ++=⎪⎨⎪=⎩，令2y =，则1z =-，则()0,2,1n =-，则()15cos ,5m n m n m n ⋅===-⋅，∵二面角A-A 1M-N 是锐二面角，∴二面角A-A 1M-N 的余弦值是155．【点睛】本题主要考查直线垂直的判定以及二面角的求解，建立空间直角坐标系，利用向量法进行求解，综合性较强，运算量较大．22．已知21()(1)2xf x e ax b x =---.其中常数 2.71828e ≈⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅⋅.（1）当2,4a b ==时，求()f x 在[1,2]上的最大值；（2）若对任意0,()a f x >均有两个极值点()1212,x x x x <，（ⅰ）求实数b 的取值范围；（ⅱ）当a e =时，证明：()()12f x f x e +>.【答案】（1）max ()1f x e =-；（2）（ⅰ）1b >；（ⅱ）证明见解析.【分析】（1）由题得2()4(1)x f x e x x =---，()24x f x e x '=--，()2x f x e ''=-，由[1,2]x ∈，可得()0f x ''>，即()'f x 在[1,2]上单增，且2(2)80f e -'=<，即()0f x '<，可知()f x 在[1,2]上单减，求得max ()(1)1f x f e ==-.（2）（ⅰ）利用两次求导可得(,ln )x a ∈-∞时，()'f x 单减；(ln ,)x a ∈+∞时，()'f x 单增，再由()f x 有两个极值点，知(ln )ln 0f a a a a b =--<'，即ln b a a a >-恒成立，构造函数()ln g a a a a =-，利用导数求其最大值，可得实数b 的取值范围；（ⅱ）设()()(2),(1)h x f x f x x ''=--<，求导可得()h x 在(,1)-∞单增，得到()(2)f x f x ''<-，可得()()112f x f x ''<-，()()122f x f x ''->，结合()'f x 在(1,)+∞上单增，可得()()122f x f x >-，得到()()()()2222122222222x x f x f x f x f x e e ex ex e -+>-+=+-+-，构造22()22x x M x e e ex ex e -=+-+-，(1)x >，再利用导数证明()2(1)M x M e >=，即可得到()()12f x f x e+>【详解】（1）由2,4a b ==得，2()4(1)x f x e x x =---，求导()24x f x e x '=--，()2x f x e ''=-，[1,2]x ∈ ，2[,]x e e e ∴∈，20x e ∴->，即()0f x ''>()f x '∴在[1,2]上单增，且2(2)80f e -'=<，即[1,2]x ∀∈，()0f x '<，()f x ∴在[1,2]上单减，max ()(1)1f x f e ∴==-.（2）（ⅰ）求导()x f x e ax b '=--，因为对任意0,()a f x >均有两个极值点12,x x ，所以()0f x '=有两个根，求二阶导()x f x e a ''=-，令()0f x ''=，得ln x a=当(,ln )x a ∈-∞时，()0f x ''<，()'f x 单减；当(ln ,)x a ∈+∞时，()0f x ''>，()'f x 单增，由()0f x '=有两个根12,x x ，知(ln )ln 0f a a a a b =--<'，即ln b a a a >-对任意0a >都成立，设()ln g a a a a =-，求导()ln g a a '=-，令()0g a '=，得1a =，当(0,1)x ∈时，()0g a '>，()g a 单增；当(1,)x ∈+∞时，()0g a '<，()g a 单减，max (()1)1g g a =∴=，1b ∴>又0,,()ba b f e x f x a -⎛⎫''-=>→+∞→+∞ ⎪⎝⎭Q ，所以实数b 的取值范围是：1b >.（ⅱ）当a e =时，()x f x e ex b '=--，()x f x e e ''=-，令()0f x ''=，得1x =当(,1)x ∈-∞时，()0f x ''<，()'f x 单减；当(1,)x ∈+∞时，()0f x ''>，()'f x 单增，又12,x x 是()0f x '=的两根，且12x x <，121,1x x <∴>，121x ∴->设()()(2),(1)h x f x f x x ''=--<，即22(2)2()2,(1)xxx xe ex b ee x b e e ex e x h x --⎡⎤=-=-------+<⎣⎦，则2()2220x x h x e e e e e -=+->-='()h x ∴在(,1)-∞单增，()(1)0h x h ∴<=，即()(2)f x f x ''<-又11,x <，()()112f x f x ''∴<-，()()122f x f x ''∴->又()f x ' 在(1,)+∞上单增，122x x ∴->，即1222x x x <-<，又()f x 在()12,x x 上单减，()()122f x f x ∴>-()()()()2222122222222x x f x f x f x f x e e ex ex e-∴+>-+=+-+-令22()22x x M x e e ex ex e -=+-+-，(1)x >则2()22x x M x e e ex e -'=--+，2()20x x M x e e e -''=+-≥()M x '∴在(1,)+∞单增，且(1)0M '=，()0M x '∴>，故()M x 在(1,)+∞单增又21x > ，()2(1)M x M e ∴>=，即()()12f x f x e+>【点睛】方法点睛：本题考查利用导数研究函数的单调性，求极值，最值，以及证明不等式，证明不等式的方法：若证明()()f x g x <，(,)x a b ∈，可以构造函数()()()F x f x g x =－，如果()0F x '<，则()F x 在(,)a b 上是减函数，同时若()0F a ≤，由减函数的定义可知(,)x a b ∈时，有()0F x <，即证明了()()f x g x <，考查学生的函数与方程思想，化归与转化思想，考查逻辑思维能力与推理论证能力，属于难题.。

高考英语百日训练之阅读理解（22）含答案解析【题文】A few years ago, my husband Charlie and I had marital problems. Growing family responsibilities and financial worries took a toll on us and we began arguing frequently, often late into the night.However, neither of us could take the step that would end our eleven-year marriage and bring heartbreak to our three young children. Deep down we knew we still loved each other, so we determined to work it out. Through countless discussions, we began to close the gulf. The more honest we were, the closer we became.When I felt we were reaching solid ground, I asked my husband to give me an “eternity (永恒) ring”. It was not so much the ring I wanted; it was the reassurance (保证) I thought it would bring.We went shopping on a beautiful summ er day. We walked hand in hand along a row of jeweler’s shops. Finally I found a ring I liked. While waiting for it to be adjusted, the jeweler took my left hand and glanced at my engagement ring. “May I clean it for you?” he asked. “It really doesn’t sparkle like it used to.” Charlie said as I slipped the ring off my finger. A few minutes later the jeweler was back. The ring shone like new!On the drive home, I didn’t take my eyes off it. I forgot all about the eternity ring. I just couldn’t believe how th is old ring suddenly sparkled the way it had the day Charlie gave it to me. I had taken it for granted these past years, but with a little polish it could still make my heart beat fast.And that’s the way it is with a marriage. You have to work at keeping it polished and new, or else the grime (污垢) of the passing years will hide the joy. I put my hand on the seat between us and spread my fingers. Charlie covered my hand with his. I felt I was lucky to be able to see the sparkle in something gold when I thought I needed something new.4. Why did the author and her husband decide to solve the problems?A. They were a famous couple.B. They didn’t want to divorce.C. The problems were not serious.D. They had experience in doing so.5. What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. free of troubleB. arriving at a squareC. wealthy and generousD. in good relationship6. Why did the author forget all about the eternity ring on their way back home?A. Her husband kept it for her.B. They didn’t ac tually pay for it.C. The old ring’s light attracted her attention.D. The couple were talking all the way merrily.7. What does the author mainly want to express in the last paragraph?A. We tend to prefer new objects to old ones.B. One should remain thankful for what he has got.C. Marriage should be constantly polished.D. We should try to rediscover the true value of old objects.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

奉新一中届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题供题人：刘杨芳.10第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。

从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Who did the woman want to call?A．James. B．Drake. C．Daniel.2．What are the speakers probably going to do?A．Give Robert a phone call. B．Go and pick Robert up.C．Wait for Robert.3．Where are the speakers?A．At home. B．In a restaurant. C．In the street.4．How many members are probably there in the man’s group?A．6. B．12. C．18.5．What does the man mean?A．He hid the glass. B．He broke the glass.C．He gave the glass to a friend.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6．What is Nancy doing now?A．Getting up in her room. B．Preparing for a party. C．Performing on stage.7．Why did the man come for Nancy?A．To bring her a dress. B．To get her some flowers.C．To invite her to see a movie．听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

2020届哈尔滨市第三中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记) that will educate you, comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day, read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane AustenA classic thatnever gets old. Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century, this tale centers around the Bennet family, a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match. Austen’s story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame, and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel IgnotofskyIt is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology, science, engineering and mathematics, from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena FavilliIt tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day. With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet, this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle ObamaWe wouldn’t be able to write this list without including Michelle Obama’s memoir. “Becoming” has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood, family, motherhood, her own FLOTUS impact, the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now. And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1. What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C. To help their daughters marry for true love.D. To make their daughters financially independent.2. Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A. Jane Austen’s.B.Rachel Ignotofsky’s.C.Elena Favilli’s.D.Michelle Obama’s.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D. They are all about heroes.BLas Vegascity inNevadais built in a desert. The city may be known to the outside world for its partying. But officials have found that there are 21 square kilometers of useless grass. The grass is never laid on, played on or even stepped on. The grass is only there to look nice.Now, the city is asking theNevadastate legislature to ban useless grass. It is trying to become the first place inAmericato ban that kind of grass often seen between streets, in housing developments and in office parks.It is estimated that useless grass makes up 40% of all the grass inLas Vegasand it needs a lot of water to survive. Grass needs four times more water than dry climate plants like cactus. By tearing out the grass, the city could reduce yearly water usage by 15%.In 2003, the Southern Nevada Water Authority banned developers from planting grass in front of new homes. It also offered homeowners $ 30 for each square meter of grass they tear out. But fewer people are now using the program. Water usage has increased in southernNevadaby 9% since 2019. And last year,Las Vegaswent a record 240 days without major rainfall. The Colorado River provides much ofNevada's drinking water. The river could lose more water as climate change affects it.Water officials in other dry cities said water usage needs to be reduced. But they fear the reaction to reforms like the ones inLas Vegasif their communities do not accept them. Cynthia Campbell is the water resources adviser for the city ofPhoenixinArizona. “There might come a point when city restrictions get too severe for some residents. They'll say that is the point of no return for them,”Campbellsaid. “For some people, it's a pool. For some people, it's grass.”4. Why doesLas Vegascity try to ban useless grass?A. To protect the local people.B. To beautify the city.C. To reduce water usage.D. To reduce waste.5. What program was carried out inLas Vegasin 2003?A. Allowing planting grass before new houses.B. Encouraging the residents to tear out grass.C. Praising those who signed on the program.D. Awarding those who reduced water usage.6. What is implied inCampbell's words in the last paragraph?A. Many residents won't follow the ban.B. Reaction to the reform will vary personally.C. Other measures should be taken to protect wetter.D. Water officials should take many factors into account.7. What is the best title for the text?s VegasPlans to Ban Useless GrassB. A Method Is Adopted to SaveLas VegasC. Choices between Beauty and PracticeD. Grass Is Important but Useless inLas VegasC“My P.E. teacher taught me maths.”It has been a common joke for years but when a P.E. teacher applied for the head-teacher job, many parents worried that “the joke could come true”. Some parents asked, “Does the P.E. teacher know maths and English?If not, how is he supposed to tutor the students?” But there were still parents who believed P.E. teachers had more time to discipline the students since they didn’t have many classes.This concern is actually a “subject bias”, that is, choosing a P.E. teacher as the head-teacher is not good for the students’ grades since he doesn’t know Chinese, maths, or English. It is acceptable for Chinese teachers, maths teachers and English teachers to be head-teachers because these subjects are important to entrance exams and scores. Such a concern reflects parents’ anxiety in the current educational environment, which tends to link the head-teacher’s responsible subject with the facts whether the school cares about the class and the children’s performances in the subject.Many people care about their kids’ academic performances only. They don’t care about their kids’ P.E. performance at all. Even if kids have P.E. classes, parents care little. P.E. teachers are in humble position and their classes are often occupied by other teachers. Of course, if students, P.E. performance is related to grades and entrance exams, parents won’t mind “a P.E. teacher being the head-teacher”.At the moment, P.E. is gradually included in entrance exams.In terms of high school entrance examination,Guangzhouwill launch a new high school entrance exam whichincludes P.E. performance and Health examination in 2021, raising the score to 70 points.In terms of the college entrance examination, universities having the right of independent enrollments added P.E. tests to their entrance exams in 2019. This practice is seen as an important signal that the assessment of physical fitness and athletic ability, which are important aspects of a student’s overall quality, may be included in the college entrance examination in the future.We hope that it’s a trend for P.E. teachers, music teachers and art teachers to become head-teachers.8. By saying “My P.E. teacher taught me maths”, what does the author intend to show us?A. It is just a joke that seldom happened in reality.B. P.E. teachers hardly assist students in maths.C. P.E. teachers are good at teaching maths..D. Parents doubt the ability of P.E. teacher.9. We can infer from paragraph 2 that a P.E. teacher .A. is of little benefit for students’ academic performanceB. is humbler than Chinese, math or English teachersC. reflects whether the school cares about the classD. gets unfairly judged due to the current educational system10. Why doesGuangzhouraise proportion of P.E. performance in high school entrance examination?A. To raise students’ awareness of physical health.B. To call on parents to pay attention to P.E. teachers.C. To test the overall ability of high school students.D. To make P.E. teachers equal with other teachers.11. What opinion does the author hold towards P.E. teachers working as head-teachers?A. Neutral.B. Unexpected.C. Supportive.D. Critical.DTrue friend from a distant landInternational friends can come in many shapes and sizes. However they arrive on the scene, they are always appreciated, especially in times ofturbulence. Michael Lindsay (1909 — 94) is a case in point.After graduating from the University of Oxford in 1931, Lindsay arrived in China in 1937 on a ship from Canada intending merely to teach economics at Beiping Yenching University, the current Peking University. Hetraveled with Norman Bethune the Canadian doctor who dedicated his life to medicine in China during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931 — 45).Lindsay left Beijing at the end of 1941, and went to the Communist-led Jinchaji base(晋察冀边区)together with his wife Li Xiaoli, who was a Shanxi local and a former student of his.“Lindsay was inspired by the hard work local Chinesepeople made in fighting against Japanese aggression. After learning that Chinese armies on the frontlines were suffering supply shortages, Lindsay was determined to lend a hand," says Yan Juhai, a retired official from Shanxi's Lyuliang city. "In the Jinchaji base, NieRongzhen( 1899 — 1992), the base's top commander, appointed him to work as the communications expert, where he became a full-time radio technician contributing greatly in communication technology innovation and training," says Yan.In 1944 Lindsay and his wife arrived in Yan'an in Shaanxi province and helped fix its telecommunication equipment. They stayed for 18 months in Yan'an, and after the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, they decided to return to the United Kingdom to visit their parents.12. Which word in the following can best replace the underlined word?A. peaceB. warC. stressD. sorrow13. Why did Lindsay go to the Communist-led Jinchaji base according to Yan Juhai?A. Because his wife was a Shanxi local.B. Because he was warmly invited by NieRongzhen.C. Because he was touched by Chinese people's effortsD. Because he was more interested in communications.14. What can we learn from the article?A. Lindsay and his wife stayed in China for over 8 years.B. Lindsay's wife was also skilled in communication technology.C. Lindsay was appointed as the communications consultant in Shanxi province.D. Lindsay taught economics in the Jinchaji base besides his work as a radio expert.15. Where is the text probably from?A. a guidebookB. a novelC. a diaryD. a newspaper第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

秘密★启用前【考试时间：3月29日15:00—17:00】2020年重庆一中高2020级高三下期3月月考英语试题卷2020.3.29英语试题卷共9页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。

2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。

4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。

第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ.听力部分（共二节，每小题1分，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What will the man do in the job interview?A.Keep smiling.B.Take notes.C.Speak loudly.2.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Teacher and student.B.Doctor and patient.C.Husband and wife.3.What does the woman advise the man to do?A.Never complain about failure.B.Never care about exam results.C.Keep on trying hard.4.Why is the baby crying?A.He wishes to stay with his parents.B.He desires to drink milk.C.He wants to sleep.5.How much should a couple with two children pay for the tickets?A.15dollars.B.30dollars.C.60dollars.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2021届高考英语大一轮复习语言知识运用第一节单项选择定语从句精品试题（含2021试题）新人教版1.（2020天津市十二区县重点学校高三毕业班联考一，6）The course normally attracts20 students per year, _______ up to half will be from overseas.A. in whichB. of whomC. of whichD. for whom[解析] 1.句意：这门课程在正常情形下每年会吸引20名学生，其中有一半的学生来自国外。

考查定语从句。

该非限制性定语从句修饰先行词20 student s，排除A、C两项；依照语境可知此处表达“在……中” ，应该用介词of，因此答案为B项。

2.（2020重庆市重庆一中高三下学期第一次月考，33）Being such a selfish man _____ no one liked, he could hardly find a person to celebrate his success.A. whatB. asC. thatD. which[解析] 2.句意：因为自己是那么一个自私的人，因此他几乎找不到一个和他一起庆祝自己成功的人。

空格处引导的是定语从句，该从句中缺少宾语，应该用关系代词，由于先行词前有such修饰，关系代词只能用as。

此处不是such……that……引导的结果状语从句。

3.（2020江西省重点中学协作体高三第一次联考，25）College graduates are offered lots of available jobs, ______, I believe, they can fully demonstrate their knowledge and competence.A. whereB. whichC. thatD. what[解析] 3.句意：我们给大学生提供了专门多工作机会，我认为在这些工作中他们能够充分展现他们的知识和能力。

2020届重庆市巴蜀中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAs a nation, we are getting bigger and eating more. But there are effective ways to control your appetite and eat only as much as you need.Keep away from low-nutrition snacksThat means ice cream, sweets, chips biscuits, cakes and any other salty orsugary snacks you eat between meals. Although we have a tendency to eat them, you can learn to live without these unhealthy-and-fattening-additions to your diet. Try to make it a habit to eat them only when offered at social events or as a special treat.Leave half an hour between main course and dessertHaving a break between courses gives your brain time to receive the fullness signal and make you more likely to refuse the sweet stuff. And, in fact, as soon as you feel the first signals of fullness, remove your plate from the table. That will tell your brain that food time is over.Make yours a small helpingPut an end to super-sized portions. You won’t be missing out—today’s small was the medium or large of a few decade ago. Select or serve yourself a modest portion and eat it slowly enjoying the flavors. Before you know it, small will feel just right. What’s more, ordering the smaller size leads to wearing the smaller size.Distract yourselfWhen you find yourself hunting down food, even though you’re even hungry, do something else for 20 minutes. Drink a large glass of water as thirst is often confused with a desire for food. Choose something that engages your brain as well as your hands, such as writing a letter or listening to a song. You could also go for a short walk or do something that you enjoy. If you think you really are hungry, set an alarm for 20 minutes’ time and if you still want to eat when it rings, fine. If not, the urge will have passed.1. Which way suits you better if you tend to order a large portion of food?A. Distract yourself.B. Make yours a small helping.C. Keep away from low-nutrition snacks.D. Leave half an hour between main course and dessert.2. Why should you have a break between main course and dessert?A. To give people time to chat.B. To have a good appetite for sweet stuff.C. To reduce appetite for dessert.D. To give the host time to remove your plate.3. When you find yourself pursuing for food, what should you do?A. Eat some biscuits.B. Eat some sugary snacks.C. Have some soft drinks.D. Listen to a lovely melody.BTeens who have good, supportive relationships with their teachers enjoy better healthas adults, according to research published by an American research center.“This research suggests that improving students' relationships with teachers could have positive and long-lasting effects beyond just academic success," said Jinho Kim, a professor atKoreaUniversityand author of the study."Itcould also bring about healthimplicationsin the long run.”Previous research has suggested that teens' social relationships might be linked to health outcomes in adulthood. However, it is not clear whether the link between teen relationships and lifetime health is causal（因果的）-it could be that other factors, such as different family backgrounds, might contribute to both relationship problems in adolescence and to poor health in adulthood. Also, most research has focused on teens' relationships with their peers（同龄人）, rather than on their relationships with teachers.To explore those questions further, Kim analyzed data on nearly 20,000 participants from the Add Health study, a national study in theU.S.that followed participants from seventh grade into early adulthood. The participant pool included more than 3,400 pairs of siblings（兄弟姐妹）. As teens, participants answered questions, like “How often have you had trouble getting along with other students and your teachers?" As adults, participants were asked about their physical and mental health.Kim found that participants who had reported better relationships with both their peers and teachers in middle and high school also reported better physical and mental health in their mid-20s. However, when he controlled for family background by looking at pairs of siblings together, only the link between good teacher relationships and adult health remained significant.The results suggest teacher relationships are more important than previously realized and that schools shouldinvest in training teachers on how to build warm and supportive relationships with their students. "This is not something that most teachers receive much training in," Kim said, “but it should be.”4. What does the underlined word “implications" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Recipes.B. Habits.C. Benefits.D. Risks.5. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Poor health in adolescence.B. Limitations of the previous research.C. Teens' relationships with their peers.D. Factors affecting health in adulthood.6. What does Kim's research show?A. Good adult health depends on teens' good teachers.B. Good family background promises long-term adult health.C. Healthy peer relationships leads to students' academic success.D. Positive student-teacher relationship helps students' adult health.7. Where does this text probably come from?A. A health magazine.B. A medical report.C. A term paper.D. A family survey.C“They’re harming your brain.” “They’re ruining your eyes.” “They’re turning you into a violent person.” The words said publicly against video games are so common, but are these worries founded on actual science? Countless studies have offered different opinions on whether video games are bad for you. We’ve rounded up the most notable reports and studies below, so you can weigh up the evidence for yourself.In 2013,psychologist(心理学家) Simone Kuhn studied the influences of spending long hours on video games on the brains of young adults and found that several areas became bigger than before. These areas are connected with highercognitive functions(认知功能), memory formation andfinemotor(精细运动) function.Last year, psychologists said that video game players who favour violent games are more likely to be violent when offline. Dr. Mark Appelbaum of the American Psychological Association said that there was a relation between violent video game use and increases in violent behaviour.Dr. Daphne Bavelier is an expert in the field of Brain & Cognitive Sciences. Bavelier presented the audience with a colour-word test, where non-gamers are easily puzzled by the test, and those who spend long periodsplaying on their computers are more likely to pass the test with flying colours.“Actually, those video game players have many other advantages in terms of attention,” said Bavelier, “and one part of attention which is also improved for the better is our ability to follow the movements of objects.”“So, in a sense, when we think about the influence of video games on the brain, it’s very similar to the influence of wine on the health. There are some very poor uses of wine. There are some very poor uses of video games. But when drunk in reasonable amounts, and at the right age, wine can be very good for health,” said Bavelier.8. What can be learned from Simone Kuhn’s study？A. Video games make you happier.B. Video games make your brain grow.C. Video games play a key role in memory.D. Video games teach you how to learn fast.9. What was Dr. Mark Appelbaum’s attitude towards video games？A. He was against them.B. He was hopeful of them.C.He was in favour of them.D. He was uncertain about them.10. Which of the following may Dr. Daphne Bavelier agree with？A. Video games fix attention problems.B. Video games make kids do well in exams.C. Video games encourage violent behaviour.D. Video games help increase colour knowledge.11. Why are the uses of wine mentioned in the last paragraph？A. To remind people to avoid video games.B. To show the disadvantages of video games.C. To help people learn more about video games.D.To ask people to make good use of video games.DAn anti-obesity program for Australian girls didn’t lead to any improvements in their diet, physical activities or body weight a year later, according to a new report.Findings from the school-based intervention (介入), which involved exercise sessions and nutrition workshops for lower-income girls, are the latest disappointment in a lot of research attempting tohead offadultobesity and the disease risks that come with it.Especially during the middle-and high-school years, girls’ physical activity reduces obviously, according to lead researcher David Lubans, from theUniversityofNewcastleinNew South Wales,Australia. He said, “In the future we need to make the programs more interesting and exciting and present information in a way that is meaningful to adolescent girl.”Lubans and his workmates conducted their study in 12 schools in low-income areas ofNew South Wales. At the start of the study, girls in both groups weighed an average of close to 130pounds, with about four in ten considered overweight. Over the next year, adolescents in the intervention group were given pedometers (计步器) to encourage walking and running and invited to nutrition workshops and regular exercise sessions during the schoolday and at lunchtime. Participation in some of those activities were less than ideal. For example, the girls went to only one-quarter of lunchtime exercise sessions, and less than one in ten completed at-home physical activity or nutrition challenges, the researchers reported. At the end of the year, girls in both groups had gained a similar amount of weight and there was no difference in their average body fat.Preventive medicine researcher Robert Klesges said that although some anti-obesity programs have helped adults lose weight, the teen population has always been a source of failure for researchers. “The common belief is: nothing works,” he said. “And we have got to get beyond that.”“We need to think outside the box,” said Klesges, who wasn’t involved in the new study. “That could include learning from what has worked in adult studies, such as giving meal replacement drinks or prepared foods to teens who have trouble making changes to their diet. Or, it could mean using a “step-care” method — rather than researchers or their doctor telling them to keep doing the same thing.” Klesges said.12. The underlined words “head off” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by “________”.A. damageB. defendC. preventD. affect13. The methods used in the program to stop obesity don’t include ________.A. walking and runningB. inviting them to nutrition workshopsC. joining exercise sessions regularlyD. giving meal replacement drinks14. The main reason for the failure of the anti-obesity program is probably that ________.A. the participants didn’t take an active part in itB. the program was not interesting and exciting to participantsC. the participants didn’t get extra nutrition or exercise helpD. the program didn’t pay attention to healthy exercise15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. As researchers, it is important to have creative research methods.B. Researchers need to give meals or prepare foods to participants.C. Teen girls have no difficulty in making changes to their diet.D. Some ant-obesity programs have not helped adults lose weight.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

炎德·英才大联考长沙市一中2021届高三月考试卷(七)英语时量：120分钟总分：150分第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

APhuket, ThailandAs its dry season stretches from November to April with little rain, there are few more reliable destinations for a sunny escape than Phuket in winter. Thailand‟s biggest island is a holiday icon, starting as a backpacker bolt-hole and now a mainstream favorite. Besides blue water, fine beaches, palm trees and massage, the sunsets from Phromthep Cape at the southern tip are marvelous.Alaska, the United StatesAlaska has a natural landscape that seems at times untouched by humanity. Anchorage, the state‟s largest city, has the Dog Race, which alone is worth a trip to see. Head over to the city of Fairb anks to witness the amazing spectacle of Northern Lights. Don‟t forget to explore the incredible Mendenhall Ice Caves, located near the capital of Alaska, Juneau.Lake Baikal, RussiaLake Baikal in Siberia holds the distinction of being the world‟s deepest lake and also for being labeled one of the clearest and oldest lakes known to man. The serenity experienced here during the winter is priceless. Combined with breathtaking views of the frozen lake and sunny skies. Lake Baikal is a hidden diamond unknown to many tourists and foreigners. Ice fishing and ice-skating are popular activities here.Xinjiang, ChinaXinjiang is increasingly attracting visitors for its extraordinary natural beauty and fascinating culture. Near the border of Kirgizstan. Mongolia and Russia, there lies the Kanas Lake, around which lives the Tuwa tribe. The brave ethnic group has a long history and many customs. Hemu village, covered in snow and hidden in forests, is like a fairyland in winter. It was ranked by the China National Geography as one of the six most beautiful villages in the country.21. Which month is the best time for travel in Phuke?A. March.B. May.C. July.D. October.22. Which destination should you go if you like winter games?A. Phuket. Thailand.B. Alaska, the United States.C. Lake Baikal. Russia.D. Xinjiang. China.23. What can you do in Xinjiang, China?A. Watch the Dog Race.B. Know about the culture of the ethnic group.C. Appreciate views of the frozen lake and sunny skies.D. Enjoy blue water, fine beaches, palm trees and massage.BHi, I‟m Therese, a business development manager living in Berlin. Germany. Last month. I managed to read over 100 nonfiction titles in psychology, politics, and leadership. I know it sounds crazy, but I really did.Here‟s how. It started with a bet. A colleague challenged me to read Malcolm Gladwell‟s Outliers: The STORY of SUCCESS in two hours. As determined as I was. I just couldn‟t meet the deadline. I got through the first few chapters relatively quickly but found it impossible to finish the book in the designated 2 hours, so I lost the bet, but it gave me an idea! I needed to find a better way to consume nonfiction books. I found several websites, blogs and apps that transform books into “bite-sized” content. But in the end. I chose the Blinkist app. I wanted to read more nonfiction books—I found it really useful to read the key points from lots of books to help me get a feeling for what‟s an absolute must for m y to-read list!As one of the first services to condense (压缩) nonfiction books into quick reads, the Blinkist app has over 2,500 best-selling nonfiction titles in its library (including Outliers: The STORY of SUCCESS-----the book that defeated me!). To be honest, I was skeptical at first, but I learned some things that put my mind at ease. For example. I learned that in order to produce quality insights from every book, they have over 100 literary experts hard at work. I also loved it that the app has an audio function which allows me to listen to great ideas throughout the day.So, with this cool new friend, I set a fresh goal for myself----to read the key insights from 100 books in just one month. I‟m very competitive like that!24. What motivated the author to try to read many books in a short time?A. A desire.B. A hobby.C. Curiosity.D. A failure of a bet.25. Which of the following can explain the underlined part in Paragraph 2?A. Long.B. Small.C. Eatable.D. Important.26. What do we know about the Blinkist app?A. It is an app for people to listen to stories.B. It serves as an instructor of reading novels.C. It offers abstracts of many nonfiction books.D. It contains thousands of complete nonfiction books.27. What is the author‟s attitude to the app at first?A. Objective.B. Critical.C. Favorable.D. Doubtful.CThe Rwandan government is sending officials across the country to enforce its ban on skin-lightening and bleaching (漂白) products. The African country is leading a campaign against skin bleaching and poor-quality make-up, particularly products that include hydroquinone, a spokesman from the Rwanda Standards Board told CNN.President Paul Kagame sparked discussions on the need to ban the sale of skin “whiteners” on social media in November. In response to a post from a woman calling for the government to crack down on skin bleaching, Kagame said on Twitter that bleaching creams are unhealthy, and he called on the country‟s Ministry of Health and police to control this very quickly”. Government officials and police are now checking markets in the capital, Kigali, and in provinces across the African nation, seizing skin lightening and bleaching products.Last month, the country‟s Standards Board warned the public about the alternative name s for hydroquinone, one of the prohibited ingredients in ordinary commercial cosmetics. “All the ingredients that can help in body bleaching,skin bleaching, are banned,” a government spokesperson told CNN.“We are now putting much effort, like educating people, going around and seizing those ill egalproducts,” Francois Uwinkindi, director of the cancer unit at the Ministry of Health, told R cuters news agency.Rwandan police said they seized more than 5,000 banned bleaching products —including lotions, oils, soaps and sprays—from beauty shops across the country last month. according to local media, New Times.Skin whitening creams are sold in many African countries without restriction, despite increasing push-back from the public and governments on the continent.Skin-lightening products contain chemicals which can cause liver damage, reduce resistance to bacterial and fungal infections, and increase anxiety, depression and psychosis, according to the World Health Organization.Around 25% of women in Mali, 77% of women in Nigeria, and 59% in Togo regularly use skin-lightening products, according to a 2011 report by the World Health Organization Ghana made a ban on skin lightening creams in 2017,following Cote d‟ivoire‟s ban in 2015.28. Why do Rwandan government ban the skin-lightening products?A. Because they do great harm to health.B. Because people easily get addicted to them.C. Because some businessmen sell them illegally.D. Because they don‟t work well enough as expected.29. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Rwandan police arrested some skin-lightening products sellers.B. Skin-lightening lotions, oils, soaps and sprays are allowed to be sold.C. More than half African countries have banned skin-lightening products.D. A woman‟s post stepped up the ban on skin-lightening products in Rwanda.30. How do the chemicals contained in skin-lightening products affect health?A. They cause liver cancer.B. They stimulate the increase of fungal infections.C. They reduce the ability to resist bacterial infections.D. They make people feel anxious and sometimes excited.31. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Dying to be whiteB. Harms of skin lighteningC. Bans on skin-lightening productsD. Skin lightening winning more popularityDThe second experiment on how to grow crops on Mars and moon soil simulant (模拟装置) has given a surprising outcome. As a result of what the researchers of Wageningen University & Research centre in the Netherlands learned from their first experiment, they were able to grow ten different crop species. Tomatoes, peas, rye, garden rocket, radish and garden cress were harvested.A few improvements have been made since the first experiment. Researcher Wieger Wamelink said “We used trays instead of original small pots and added organic material (fresh cut grass) to the Mars and moon soil simulant. This solved the problem we had with watering in the first experiment and also added manure (肥料) to the soils,” In particular the crop growth on the moon soil simulant showed improvement. While in the first moon soil experiment most plants died, in the next round they flourishes, and the researchers could harvest from the same species as on the Mars soil simulantand the Earth potting compost (混合肥料) control.The production of biomass (生物量) on the Mars soil simulant was lower than on Earth control, but it was a minor difference and caused by one of the trays that showed less growth. It was also not statistically different from the Earth control. “That was a real surprise to us.” comments Wamelink. “It shows that the Mars soil simulant has great potential when properly prepared and watered. The biomass growth on the moon soil simulant was less than on both other soils, about half of the biomass. Only the spinach showed poor biomass production.”Although the Wageningen researchers harvested several eatable crops, they did not eat them. Wamelink said. “The soils contain heavy metals like lead, arsenic and mercury and also a lot of iron. If the components become available for the plants, they may be taken up and find their way into the fruits, making them poisonous. Further research on this is necessary and that is one of the reasons why a crowdfunding (众筹) campaign has been started to finance the third experiment that will be all about food safety.If the crops prove to be safe enough to eat, the funders will be invited for dinner where a …Martian meal‟ will be served that includes the harvested crops; at least for those who dare!”32. What do the researchers gain from the first experiment?A. They can harvest ten crop species.B. They learn what the organic material is.C. They‟re sure that they will succeed next time.D. They learn they have to change the plant containers.33. What do you think is mainly discussed in Para. 3?A. The biomass growth on the moon soil simulant was the worst.B. In spite of some drawbacks, the Mars soil simulant has great potential.C. The reasons why the production of biomass on the Mars soil simulant was lower.D. The production of biomass on the Mars soil simulant is obviously different from that on theEarth control.34. Why didn‟t the researchers eat the products harvested in the experiment?A. What they harvested was not eatable.B. They haven‟t got enough funding support.C. The crops may contain various poisonous substances.D. The production of the crops was lower than that on the Earth control.35. What‟s the specific purpose of the third experiment?A. It aims to make it clear whether the crops are safe enough to be eaten.B. It is to provide the basis for growing crops on Mars and the moon.C. It aims to increase the production of biomass on the Mars soil simulant.D. It aims to find a way to protect the plants from the poisonous environment.第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

秘密★启用前【考试时间：3月11日11：00~12：15】2023年重庆一中高2023届3月月考地理试题卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写在答题卡上。

2．作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

一、选择题：本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求的。

2022年8月21日，北碚缙云山出现巨大山火。

下图示意1961~2022年重庆市气候资料，据此完成1~2题。

1．关于本次北碚山火蔓延的自然原因，下列说法不合理的是（）A．树种多样B．气温较高C．降水偏少D．多山谷风2．据1961~2022年重庆市气候资料图，可知重庆8月份（）A．气温和降水呈正相关B．气候符合雨热同期规律C．每隔20年左右有洪灾D．气温的升降具有连续性雅鲁藏布江流域是我国河谷风沙地貌发育典型的地区。

在该河流某河漫滩附近及两岸坡地上出现了数量众多、不同类型的流动沙丘。

科研人员发现甲地沙丘的物质来源于附近河漫滩，并顺风向在河谷两侧延伸；乙地沙丘的出露与黄土层破坏有关。

该地年均降水量514mm，主要集中在5~9月份，旱季风大。

当地人类活动强度较大，生活能源来自薪柴。

下图是甲、乙两地沙丘分布位置图。

据此完成3~5题。

3．推测形成甲地沙丘的时间和主要外力作用分别是（）A．10~4月流水沉积B．10~4月风力沉积C．5~9月风力搬运D．5~9月冰川沉积4．下列因素与乙地沙丘出露关系最大的是（）A．大风导致植被吹蚀B．地壳抬升使黄土层滑落C．人为导致植被缺失D．气候变化导致干旱加剧5．为防止甲、乙两地沙丘的进一步扩大，下列措施可行的是（）①甲处设置挡沙墙②甲处禁止人类活动③乙处恢复植被④乙处重新覆盖黄土层A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④英国南部某河流源于当地北部高地，流域内最高海拔514米，南部地势平坦，最低海拔26米，约84%的流域底层由不透水岩层构成，流域内大部分用地是农业牧草用地，只在源头处有占流域面积3%左右的荒野和沼泽。

重庆市巴蜀中学2021—2021学年度第一学期第二次月考高2021级高三（上）英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部份，共150分。

考试时刻120分钟。

第I卷（共115 分）第一部份听力(共两节，总分值30分)第一节(共5小题；每题l.5分，总分值7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项当选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时刻来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What conclusion can we draw from the woman’s remark?A. She doesn’t like it.B. It is expensive.C. She likes it.2. What was the woman probably trying to do?A. T ake a picture.B. Start a car.C. Play a tape recorder.3. What are the speakers complaining about?A. There are not enough good films.B. It takes too long for new films to arrive at the local cinema.C. Newspapers often give the wrong information about new films.4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Shop assistant and customer.B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.5. Which aspect of the film does the woman like?A. The plot.B. The dialogue.C. The music.第二节（共25小题；每题1.5分，总分值22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项当选出最正确选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

2020届深圳市民治中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ALocated besideLake Geneva, the Olympic Museum houses more than 10,000 artificial objects and hours of interactive contents highlighting some of the best moments during the Olympics. Here are some of the museum’s most moving moments.The Olympic ParkThe journey through the Olympic Museum begins in the Olympic Park, an 8,000-square-meter outdoor area in front of the museum overlooking Lake Geneva and theAlps. The park contains artwork and sculptures that show respect to the world of sport.The first Olympic symbolThe “Olympic Rings” flag was designed by Coubertin in 1913. The rings represent the five continents that participate in the Olympics: Africa, Asia,America,AustraliaandEurope. The six color1 s include at least one color1 that is represented on the flag of every country.The stadiumsThe stadiums that host the Olympic Games are as much of a celebration of design as the games are a celebration of sportsmanship. Guests can explore plans and models of Olympic stadiums’ past and present, including one of the games’ most attractive stadiums, the Bird’s Nest from Beijing 2008 Olympics.The Olympic medalsHave you ever wondered what an Olympic medal looks like? The Olympic Museum has a room that houses every bronze, silver, and gold medal from every Olympic Games dating back to the first modern Olympics of 1896. Each medal design is a unique representation of the year and location in which the games were held.1.Which moment do you see first when exploring the Olympic Museum?A.The Olympic Park.B.The first Olympic symbol.C.The stadiums.D.The Olympic medals.2.What do you know from The first Olympic symbol?A.The first modern Olympics took place inGreece.B.There are six color1 s on the flag of every country.C.Australia used to be the largest continent on earth.D.The “Olympic Rings” flag was created in 1913.3.What can you do in the section of The stadiums?A.Admire the view ofLake Geneva.B.Meet some famous designers.C.Enjoy the model of the Bird’s Nest.D.Talk with guests of honour.BNot long after the first fitness magazine was published, a list probably followed soon after, ranking the best fitness equipment. This tradition has continued, with the implied message: usethisand exercise willbe yours.And that's part of the problem, says Dr. Lieberman, a professor of Harvard University. There isn't one “best” anything to achieve fitness. Besides, people understand exercise is good for them. Knowledge about exercise still doesn't motivate.Before you can answer why, it helps to look at history. Before the Industrial Revolution, people fetched water and walked up stairs because they had to. But then technology made life and work easier. Exercise has become something that people have to carve out time for. “It's a fundamental instinct to avoid physical activity when it's neither necessary nor rewarding,” he says.It would seem like being healthy would qualify as necessary, but a doctor's prescription to exercise “can make it like taking cod liver oil,” Lieberman says. “Sometimes it works, but more often than not, it doesn't. And it's still coming across as an order, and “not having a heart attack in five years is not an immediate reward,” says Dr. Beth Frates, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School.People might not want to exercise because it's never been enjoyable. Most of us probably have memories of gym class, not being picked for a team, or being in a fitness center that's filled with in-shape people. The majority don't feel excited. They feel that exercise isn't for them, but it can be. Coaching people in an empowering and motivating way can work much better than ordering someone to exercise. It starts with an expanded definition of what counts as exercise, and an injection of what's rarely used to describe exercise, but is certainly allowed: namely, fun.4. What does the underlined “this” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The magazine.B. The tradition.C. The equipment.D. The message.5. What can we infer about technology?A. It improves life quality.B. It saves people's time.C. It drives social progress.D. It makes exercise less likely.6. Why does the author mention “cod liver oil” in paragraph 4?A. To attach importance to health.B. To present a doctor's prescription.C. To explain exercise is considered inessential.D. To introduce the latest medical application.7. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Exercise should be made more joyful.B. It's more fun to work out with others.C. We may encounter bad workout experiences.D. Orders work well to motivate people to exercise.CLike all cultural institutions, galleries and art fairs are adapting to a new reality.Art Basel Hong Kong, Asia's biggest contemporary-art fair, was cancelled because of covid-19, but anyone he who had planned to visit last week could enjoy an experimental alternative：the viewing room. At the click of a keyboard) you could enter an overall view but private visual salon, without having to brave the airless Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre.There, on one webpage, was Jeff Koons riffing(翻唱)on Botticelli's "Primavera" in a tribute to the history of painting at David Zwirner Gallery. Ota Fine Arts offered one collector the chance to acquire an "infinity(无限)room“, one of the most Instagrammed artworks of recent years- the creation of the fantasies,nonagenarian (九十多岁) Japanese artist, Yayoi Kusama. White Cube presented a large collection of international works by Andreas Gursky (German), Theaster Gates (American) and Beatriz Milhazes (Brazilian). But not every artist, gallery and form showed to equal advantage in this alternative fair. Not surprisingly, simple two-dimensional works in bright colours came across best No sculpture or conceptual art was includedBesides depth and texture, there are aspects of gallery hopping that a website is unlikely to copy. One isserendipity—the sense of wandering between artworks and encountering the unexpected. Another is sociability. Art is a communion between artist and viewer, but galleries and fairs are also places to swap opinions and share enthusiasms.Thereare ways to compensate (or these inevitable(不可避免的)disadvantages. As they shut their physical doors, some of the world's nest galleries and museums are offering advanced interactive visits, 360 degree videosand walk around tours of their collections, allwithout queues and high ticket prices. One of the best is laid on by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam；its tour allows visitors to view its Vermeers and Rembrandts, including the magnicent "Night Watch”, far more closely than would normally he possible. Another standout offering is from the Museu de Arte de SPaulo, which has an even broader collection. On its virtual platform, its pain tings, spanning 700 years, appear to be hanging in an open-plan space, seemingly hung on glass panels, or "crystal easels” as the. museum calls them, ideal for close-up inspection,8. From the paragraph 3, we may knowA. "Primavera" was originally painted by JeKoonsB.“innity room” was the most popular artworks of recent years on social mediaC. White Cube displayed a great many works by artists from different nationsD. Various paintings and statues showed on the webpage are well-received9. What does the underlined word "serendipity" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. surpriseB. treasureC. expectationD. compromise10. What is the purpose of writing the last paragraph?A.To introduce some popular art show in the world.B. To show that there are some alternative ways to promote the display during covid-19 epidemic.C. To prove that paintings hung on glass panels can be idealfor close-up inspection,D. To release some information about some extraordinary art shows.11. What is the best title?A. Art beyond the internet.B. Fascinating art.C. Art under covid-19.D. gallery hoppingDIn the Pacific Northwest during winter, 5:15 am might as well be the dead of night. The alarm goes off and the onlylight is the red glow from my clock. My body says, “Go back to bed.” But I don’t. I know my running partner will be waiting in the street and I’m not going to stand her up. Then I walk onto the road, complaining about the cold and wishing I were back under my warm covers.If you’d have asked me a year ago if I could see myself running at 5:15 on a winter morning, I’d have laughed. Morning just wasn’t my thing and running in the morning was something I didn’t even consider. “I prefer to work out in the middle of the morning or in the afternoon,” I’d say to my friends who go to the gym before work.Then, last fall I reconnected with an old neighborhood friend. She’d been running in the morning and takenoff forty pounds that year. When I looked in the mirror, I knew I could benefit from the same kind of weight loss. I asked if I could join her. I knew I needed to change something if I was going to get back in shape.The first two months were especially hard, because we ran twice a week at 5:15 am and I slept till 7:00 the other mornings. But as I’ve adjusted to the routine of running, I’ve discovered great joys that make it even more worthwhile than a little weight loss.While I haven’t lost forty pounds yet, it’s amazing how much more energy I have and how much stronger I feel. Because of the morning run, the rest of my day is more productive. I wouldn’t say I’ve become a morning person, but I would say morning running is now my thing.12. What can we know about the author from paragraph 1?A. 5:15 is the ideal time for her to exercise.B. She prefers to run without any company.C. She takes the run with warm clothes on.D. She goes for a run in spite of the cold and early rise.13. What was the author’s attitude to morning running a year ago?A. Scared.B. Unfavorable.C. Supportive.D. Confused.14. What made the author begin to run in the morning?A. Her partner’s encouragement.B. Her friend’s suggestion.C. Realizing the benefits of running.D. Realizing the harm of being fat.15. What effect does morning runninghave on the author?A. She has become slim again.B. She has become more confident.C. She has become more energetic.D. She has become more exhausted.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2020届重庆市松树桥中学高三英语月考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are planning to visit the historic capital city of Scotland, Edinburgh, a travel destination that people crowd to from around the world, and want to attend one Festival while you are there, keep on reading to discover more information.AKA. Imaginate Festival When: 22 May – 2 June 2021Where: Traverse Theater, Assembly RoxyA festival where kids take overEdinburgh. With a whole range of free pop-up performances, take your kids to see some of the most inspiring theatre and dance from a whole range of talented performers.EdinburghInternational Film Festival When: 19 June – 29 June 2021Where: Film House, Festival TheaterOriginally the very best in international film, it was established in 1947. The dynamic programme features everything from documentaries to shorts, along with a range of experimental cinema, in an attractive setting with a spray of red carpet charm.EdinburghArt Festival When: 25 July – 25 August 2021Where: City ArtCenter, The Scottish GalleryWith over 40 exhibitions to attend, the Edinburgh Art Festival is theUK’s largest visual arts event where you can see everything from historical works to contemporary masterpieces.The RoyalEdinburghMilitary Tattoo When: 2 – 24 August 2021Where:EdinburghCastleWith a different theme every year, over 200,000 visitors crowd toEdinburghto see the military bands and the symbolic piper set against the backdrop ofEdinburghCastle.1. Who is the AKA. Imaginate Festival intended for?A. Children.B. Talented performers.C. Parents.D. Dancers.2. What’s special about Edinburgh Art Festival?A. It includes all forms of arts.B. It is about great works in history.C. It is the largest festival in the world.D. It lasts for the longest time.3. Which Festival offers performances by soldiers?A. Edinburgh Art FestivalB. AKA. Imaginate FestivalC. The RoyalEdinburghMilitary TattooD.EdinburghInternational Film FestivalBIn a world simultaneously on fire and underwater thanks to climate change, scientists have announced some good news: Several important tuna (金枪鱼) species have stepped back from the edge of extinction.The unexpectedly fast recovery speaks to the success of efforts over the past decade to end overfishing. But tuna are not the only species scientists are discussing at the 2021 World Conservation Congress in Marseille, France, which is organized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Researchers caution that many other marine species remainimperiled. For instance, more than a third of the world's sharks remain threatened with extinction due to overfishing, habitat loss, and climate change.“I think the good news is that sustainable fisheries are possible,” says Beth Polidoro, a marine biologist at Arizona State University. “We can eat fish in a proper way and without driving the population to the point where it is on the road to collapse or extinction."At the same time, she warned that the changes in status should not be an reason to catch as many fish as we want.The IUCN, which ranks the world's most endangered species on its Red List of Threatened Species and is backed by 16,000 experts across the globe, also announced at the meeting that some animals are moving in the other direction, onto the Red List. One notable example is the Komodo dragon, an island-living lizard at particular risk from climate change.For the better part of two decades, Polidoro has been part of a specialist group tasked with assessing the statuses of more than 60 species of tuna and billfishes for the IUCN.Her team announced its first comprehensive findings in 2011, mentioning that a number of commercially fished tuna species were dangerously close to disappearing.According to the new data, the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus), once listed as endangered, now qualifies for a status of least concern. As does the yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) and albacore tuna (Thunnus alalunga), which were both considered near-threatened the last time they were assessed.4. What does the underlined word “imperiled” in paragraph 2 mean?A. EndangeredB. ConservedC. ExtinctD. Safe5. What can we infer from Polidoro's words?A. Too many fish are being eaten by human beings.B. Eating fish does not necessarily lead to its extinction.C. Fish species are on the edge of dying out if no action is taken.D. The situation of underwater species are changing for the better.6. Which of following statement is true according to the passage?A. Some Tuna species are wiped out by overfishing.B. Tuna are ranked as the world's most endangered species.C. Climate change poses a threat to most species in water and on land.D. Three tuna species have been saved from extinction according to the data.7. What's the main idea of the passage?A. Some tuna species are reported endangered recently.B. IUCN has helped saved a great many marine species.C. Improvement has been made in saving marine species.D. Great efforts should be made to conserve species underwater.CClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.8. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger9. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.10. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.11. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help CookDThe regular world presented to us by our five senses — you could call it reality 1.0 — is not always the most user-friendly. We get lost in unfamiliar cities; we meet people whose language we don’t understand. So why not try the improved version: augmented reality（AR）or reality 2.0 ? AR technology adds computer-produced images on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.Early forms of AR are already here — smart phones can deliver information about nearby ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest. But that’s just the beginning. A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely. You will not only see that there’s a Chinese restaurant on the next block, but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.This is where the next revolution in computing will take place: in the interface（界面）between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet. Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes, filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.Let’s jump ahead to ten years from now. A person trying to fix a car won’t be reading a book with pictures; he will be wearing a device that projects animated 3D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair, labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone or special video glasses. But in ten years’ time these will have been replaced by contact lenses(隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs, which present something at a readable distance in front of eyes. So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.The question is, while we are all absorbed in our new augmented reality world, how willwe be communicating with each other?12. What is the text mainly about?A. The relationship between reality 1.0 and reality 2.0.B. Different forms of the AR technology.C. The next information technology revolution.D. The popularity of the AR technology.13. Which of the following will AR technology support according to the text?A. To pay for things online conveniently.B. To play online games merrily.C. To offer information efficiently.D. To communicate with others socially.14. What are Contact lenses with tiny LEDs used for?A. Show texts and images.B. Protect people’s eyes.C. Help deaf people communicate.D. Replace smart phone.15. What’s the author’s attitude towards the AR technology?A. Indifferent.B. Critical.C. Concerned.D. Favourable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。