大学英语六级考试写作串讲班辅导讲义一

《英语写作》串讲讲义一、《英语写作》的试卷结构和分值分布本门课程考试试卷共三大题，满分100分。

具体试卷结构和分值分布如下：（一）、第一大题（20分）1、题目概述：Supply the missing paragraph2、具体要求： The following passage is incomplete with one beginning （body, concluding）paragraph missing. Study the passage carefully and write the missing paragraph in about 100 words. Make sure that your tone and diction are in unity with the passage provided.3、文章长度：320—370 words4、文章体裁：通过对历年考题的研究和对近几年试题的分析，exposition（说明文）占80% ，narration（记叙文）占20%。

近五年考题具体如下（1）Manners Are Important，2001年（2）The Advantages and Disadvantages of Living in the City，2002年（3）Childhood Fears，2003年（4）Too Many Moves,2004年–NARRATION（5）Mall People, 2005年；5、补充位置：在近几年的考题中，有3次（2002、2003及2005年）是补充主体段之一，约占60%；有2次（2001和2004年）是补充结尾段，约占40%。

至于开头段的补充完成，在上世纪末的考题中曾出现过，但近五年中没有。

（二）第二大题（20分）1、题目概述：Write an outline2、具体要求：Read the following passage carefully and compose a “topicoutline”(or sentence outline) for it.3、文章长度：420—470 words4、文章体裁：在近几年的考题中，出现在本题目中的文章以说明文为主，详情如下（1）The Effects of Television on Children's Social Relations-exposition （2001年）（2）The Decline in Writing Skills-exposition （2002年）（3）The Changing Workweek-exposition （2003年）（4）Color Me Pink- exposition（2004年）（5）Send in the Clones-argumentation（2005年）5、提纲类型：在考试中，本题目要求的提纲是我们学过的两类中的其中的一种，即：topic outline or sentence outline，在往年的考题中，这两种形式基本上是平分秋色。

第一部分：五种特殊写作类型的三段论类型一：现象解释型类型二：问题解决型类型三：对比观点型类型四：引语类类型五：漫画/ 图表类第二部分：“三八大盖”八种功能段八大功能段一：现象/ 问题描述功能段1. In recent years, … is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate.中文：近年来，……越来越流行。

（现象描述功能句）套用练习In recent years, Internet is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate.2. … has attracted extensive attention of the society, which can be found in TV programs, newspapers, university classes and many aspects of our everyday life.中文：当今，……得到了社会的广泛关注，并可以在…被发现。

（现象描述功能句）套用练习Over package has attracted extensive attention of the society, which can be found in TV programs, newspapers, university classes and many aspects of our everyday life.3. Along with the development of society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of the most serious problems is ……中文：随着社会的发展，越来越多的问题已经得到关注，其中最严重的是…（问题描述功能句）套用练习Along with the development of society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of the most serious problem is the shortage of global water.4. It is generally agreed that the…has been playing an increasingly important role in our life, which has brought us a lot of benefits but has triggered some enormous problems as well．One of the serious troubles facing us at present is…（问题描述功能句）中文：人们一致认为，……已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

大学英语四六级作文高分讲义四、六级改革后，作文出题方式基本沿袭以往稳健、成熟的出题风格。

以下给大家讲述一下作文应试的战略性理论以及得分技巧即战术操作。

博弈写作考试就好像一次“博弈”。

在写作考试中，考生是真正拥有最多信息的人，考官仅仅只能被动地接受你所给的信息。

所以，作文中遣词造句时请切记两点：一、“不会说的”处理；二、经典句的应用得分技巧分析四、六级作文在准备和对策上基本一致，因为两者评分标准基本一致(除了字数上的差距：四级120词、六级150词)。

英语考试的作文大多可分为：1、正反论证；2、原因现象描述类；3、图表；4、名言谚语。

所谓的书信作文，无非就是在这四类的基础上，套用信件的格式而已。

作文得分技巧总结：1、卷面整洁，书写清楚2、构思简单，少犯错误3、中心突出，层次分明4、固定经典，名言注目5、重在变化，宁简勿滥下面就对以上5点在应试作文中的应用展开具体说明：第一、卷面整洁，书写清楚。

由于写作属于主观题型，故考官将依据主观印象进行评判。

卷面的好坏将在第一时间冲击考官对你作文的印象。

所以，建议各位考生先想清楚后动笔，减少涂改几率，让考官能清楚无误地看清你答卷的内容。

另外，新的四、六级考试中会有部分考区的试卷被扫描至电脑，这些考区的考官将会在电脑前批阅作文，因此考生们最好使用黑色水笔做答，以保证扫描效果。

写作的格式有两种：齐头式(full block form)和缩进式(indented form)。

采用齐头式，要求所有段落的首行都在左边顶格，段落中间空行。

缩进式要求每段首行缩进4~5个字母。

第二、构思简单，少犯错误。

请大家一定记住，作文只在考核他们的语言表达能力。

避免犯错误。

（思维。

标点，时态一致，单复数，结构。

6分原则。

写完后的检查）第三、中心突出，层次分明。

从近几年的四级考试作文看来，尽管实用性提高了，但行文大多可以套用“中心句＋1、2、3”模式。

即每段第一句是topic sentence，改编自该段相对应的提纲，后面的1、2、3是衔接词，每个1、2、3后接分支观点。

1. 背诵背醒目句型我们都应该知道沟通的重要性We all should know the importance of communication.We can’t emphasize the importance of communication too much.…会造成恶劣的后果…will cause bad result.…will give rise to undesirable consequences.2.默写仿写写出来的，才是自己的；文章框架不变；内容，词汇，句型替换；每种类型至少5篇（topic given）；形成固定的应对策略题型分析及模板对策第一类题——正反对立观点作文第一段：陈述现状（第1、2句）[1] The term “……”may by no means sound strange to most people in this day and age.[2] Does anyone hold the same attitude towards “……”? Definitely not，as to this issue, opinions vary from person to person.第二段：阐明对立观点（第3、4、5、6、句）[3] For those who hold the opinion that…正面观点claim that, firstly, 理由之一[4] Secondly, 理由之二[5] However, others maintain that…反面观点，first and foremost，理由之一[6] Moreover, 理由之二第三段：阐明我的观点（第7、8、9句）[7] If I were forced to agree with one of the two opinions, I, doubtless, stand by the idea that…你支持的观点, in the first place, 理由之一[8] in the second place ,理由之二[9] Given the factors I have just outlined, I strongly commit to the notion that…再次表明你的看法和观点第一段模板句替换和自创第一段：陈述现状（第1句的替换）With the advancement of society and the development of economy，With the improvement of people’s living standard，写法六：最偷懒的方式-自问自答When people are asked “…?”, answers may vary from person to person.Will you run your own company after graduation第一段第2句保持不动[2] Does anyone hold the same attitude towards “……”? Definitely not，as to this issue, opinions vary from person to person.第二段模板句替换和自创第二段第3句正方观点替换句有人认为…Some people think that…改造升级Those who hold the opinion that…claim that，firstly, 理由之一…那些支持…观点的人认为…Those who are in favor of the idea that…Claim that，firstly, 理由之一…第二段第5句反方观点替换句相反，有很多人认为On the contrary, a majority of people maintain that…，to begin with ，理由之一…另外一部分人不这么看while the rest hold the other side of the picture，for one thing, 理由之一…第三段模板句替换和自创第三段第7句个人观点替换句——在我看来From my perspective, 个人观点To my way of thinking,So far as I am concerned,如果我必须要选择一个观点的话，毫无疑问，我支持…If I were forced to agree with one of the two opinions, I, doubtlessly, stand by the idea that…第三段第9句再次强调个人观点考虑到我刚刚说过的因素，我强烈认同…观点Accordingly，given the factors I have just outlined, I strongly commit to the notion that衡量了这些观点的利弊，我更倾向于同意…的观点Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the idea that…观点如何陈述？（第3 和第5 句）观点陈述法一——…是有利的Sth. is beneficial to …Sth. plays a positive role in…观点陈述法二——…是有害的Sth. is detrimental to …Sth. plays a negative role in…观点陈述法三——…的优点远远大于其缺点The advantages of sth. far outweigh the disadvantages.观点陈述法四——A的优点远远大于BThe advantages of A are much greater than those of B.第二类题问题解决作文第一段：陈述现状（第1、2句）[1] The past several years have witnessed a not uncommon social phenomenon that…[2] Taking a look around,one can find numerous examples with ease：举例补充第[1]句，增加文章生动性和真实性（同时凑字）第二段：阐明问题产生的原因、后果（第3、4、5、6 句）[3] What exactly contributes to such phenomenon ? It’s a thought-provoking question. Firstly, 原因之一[4] Secondly, 理由之二[5] The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to it. first and foremost，危害之一[6] Moreover, 危害之二第三段：阐明问题的解决策略（第7、8、9句）[7] Confronted with such problem,effective measures must be taken before things get worse. In the first place, 措施之一[8] in the second place , 理由之二[9] Only with these measures taken can we 提出美好愿景问题解决作文–模板句模板句的两个功能：对于考生：提供写作思路，文章框架；对于阅卷人：给分提示句！使用模板句的注意事项：写得再好，不加分，也不扣分；学会替换模板句，谨防撞车！第一段：陈述现状（第1句的替换）写法一：过去几年，我们见证了…[1 ]The past several years have witnessed a not uncommon social phenomenon that…第一段第2句保持不动[2] Taking a look around, one can find numerous examples with ease：举例补充第[1]句，增加文章生动性和真实性（同时凑字）第二段第3句现象产生的原因替换句到底是什么导致了这个现象的产生？这是个令人深思的话题What exactly contributes to such phenomenon ? It’s a thoughtprovoking question. Firstly,原因之一这个现象为什么会出现？理由很明显，如下解释⋯Why such a phenomenon emerges? The reasons, which are obvious to all, can be listed as follows: Firstly,原因之一很多因素可以解释这个现象，如下几点是最重要的A number of factors can account for such phenomenon, but the followings might be the critical ones. Firstly，原因之一第二段第5句危害或后果替换句如果我们熟视无睹，这个问题必定会带来严重的后果The problem mentioned above is bound to generate severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to it. Firstly,危害之一如果这个状况没有得到处理，将危害极大It is extremely harmful if the situation is left unfettered. Firstly,危害之一如果我们听之任之，将会带来巨大的问题It will give rise to a host of severe problems if we leave the situation as it is. Firstly, 危害之一第三段第7句-号召注意-替换句鉴于这个问题的严重性，我们必须在事态恶化前采取有效措施In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse. In the first place, 措施之一鉴于这个问题的严重性，我们必须马上关注这个问题In light of the seriousness of the problem, Due attention has to be paid to this issue. In the first place, 措施之一很明显，我们必须采取有效措施来阻止这个情况Obviously, it is imperative that effective actions should be taken to prevent the above situation . firstly, 措施之一第三段第9句-美好愿景-替换句通过这些方法，我们有理由相信这个问题，在不久的将来，就会解决With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.只有采取这些措施，我们才能…Only with these measures taken can we…expect a comprehensive development of college students.只有这样，我们才能…Only in this way can we …make the society more harmonious.措施有哪些？（第7 和第8 句）解决措施一因此，我们应该吸取好的一面，而回避坏的一面We should，therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.因此，我们应该“取其精华，取其糟粕”We should，therefore，As the common saying goes,“Take the essence, discard the dregs.”解决措施二我们应该发扬长处，并将其坏处减少到最低程度What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.解决措施三政府制定法律法规It is essential that laws and regulations should be worked out and enforced to …ban/reduce smoking.Put an end to the trend/ situation.解决措施四个人应该提高意识The public（we ourselves）should enhance the consciousness of the importance of …Health / education / independence模板作文的内容填充——万能论据及话题预测一.客观社会角度1.便利Convenience好处方面——It will offer us great convenience in many aspects of our life.坏处方面——⋯会给我们生活的很多方面，造成巨大的不便Sth. will bring about tremendous inconvenience in many aspects of our daily life.便利角度拓展句微薄的广泛使用Microblog——微博可以使用户更方便地表达他们的情感和个人想法Microblog enables its users to convey their emotions and individual thoughts more conveniently.网络远程教育Distant learning——更容易获得网络上的教育资源We have easier access to education resources on the internet.信用卡的广泛使用Credit cards——使用户获得更多的便利服务Credit card enables its owners to obtain more convenient services.社交网站的广泛使用social-networking site——这是一种获得娱乐和放松的来源social networking site is a convenient source of entertainment and relaxation.2.节约和浪费——Save and waste好处方面——It will help us save a great deal of time （and money）.坏处方面——Sth. is nothing but a waste of our precious time.节约浪费角度拓展句二手货网站盛行——这可以使那些经济条件差的人省很多钱It enables those who have low financial condition to save a great deal of money.城市用电紧张electricity crisis——相当多的人毫无意识地浪费电Quite a few people waste electri city without even realizing it .家长要求孩子寄宿学校——住校可以节省很多的来往与家与学校的时间，因此我们可以集中时间和精力在学业上Living on campus can save us a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday,so we would be able to concentrate more time and energy on study.3.效率——Efficiency好处方面——It can enhance our work （study）efficiency greatly.坏处方面——It will decrease our work （study）efficiency greatly.网络VS 图书搜索信息With a wealth of information on the internet , searching for useful information can be time-consuming and inefficient.4.环境——Environment好处方面——Sth. contributes to the improvement of environment.坏处方面——Sth. has a detrimental impact on the environment.大城市的生活环境愈加恶化——无可否认，大城市环境正处在一个恶劣的状况No one can deny the fact that the environment in big cities is in an undesirable condition.保护环境的紧迫性——如果我们什么都不做，那么环境问题将会不可避免地加剧If nothing is to be done to protect the environment, the environmental problems will inevitably be aggravated . 保护环境的紧迫性——如果我们什么都不做，那么环境问题将会不可避免地加剧If nothing is to be done to protect the environment, the environmental problems will inevitably be aggravated . 保护环境的紧迫性——为了唤醒公众的环境保护意识，我们需要采取很多方法。

2019年6 月英语六级保命班讲义刘晓艳一、写作①14 6 四级Suppose a foreign friend of yours is going to visit your hometown/your campus/China （多题多卷的三个不同）, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?②13.12父亲和男孩子的对话，孩子说“ Dad，I am a bit worried about disposing of nuclearweapon. 父亲则回答“ If you can empty the dustbin, you can do anything. 说话间，手指着垃圾桶。

③④2013 6Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “A smile is the shortest distance between two people”. You may cite some examples to support your view. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.⑤2014 6不要以貌取人不要把鸡蛋都放在一个篮子里不要草率写决定常见土单词排行榜：1）thinkhave been convinced thatbe of the opinion thatcling to the perspective thatmaintain contend assertargue assume claim2) manya sea ofmultitudes ofimmense amounts ofnumerous innumerable plentiful3) people we usprivate individualsyoungsters and teenagersall children and adultsexperts and professorsparents kids offspringbusinessmanyoungsters on campus4) veryexceedinglydistinctlystrikinglymore thanextraordinarilyoutstandingly5) importantsignificantcrucialcriticalindispensableplay a crucial role in sth.6）Andsimilarlyequallylikewiseat the same timein the meanwhile写作中可用的万能句型：1）主语从句：It proves self-evident thatIt has been found thatIt seems beyond dispute thatIt seems universally acknowledged thatIt has been widely accepted thatIt becomes generally agreed thatit keeps my argument that2）定语从句他是一个色狼，是显而易见的。

2016年秋季四六级作文预测讲义第一讲四六级写作形式与核心句法一、近几年考过的题型：（图画、图表、名言、书信）六级作文真题：For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to put all your eggs in one basket.You can give examples to illustrate your point.You should write at least150words but no more than200words.四级作文真题：For this part，you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on the following question．You should write at least120words but no more than180words．Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China，what is the first place you would like to take him／her to see and Why?二、四六级写作的形式：三、四六级写作核心连接词以及句法：1.核心连接词2.as,which引导的非限3.写长句的三大法宝信息技术影响生活。

4.独立主格结构Mr Tangible正在讲课，看着学生，一只鸟在教室里飞。

第二讲各题型第一段设置一、图画作文第一段：As is vividly described by the picture,sb is doing sth,doing sth,with sb doing sth.This picture reflects a common problem that more and more people are paying attention to the importance of sth/doing sth/being+adj.（如何改进词句？）二、图表作文第一段：As is clearly shown by the chart,there are many figures showing the changes in the number of sth/people doing sth:the number of A increased by30%,the number of B decreased by60%, with the number of C stay at the same level.These figures reflects a common phenomenon that+完整句子。

启航大学公共英语四六级强化讲义目录第一章写作一、大纲解读与考题分析二、写作高分技巧三、练习题第二章快速阅读一、大纲解读与考题分析二、快速阅读高分技巧三、练习题第三章听力理解一、大纲解读二、考题分析与高分技巧三、练习题第四章阅读理解一、大纲解读二、考题分析与高分技巧三、练习题第五章完形填空一、大纲解读与考题分析二、完形填空高分技巧三、练习题第六章翻译一、大纲解读与考题分析二、翻译高分技巧三、练习题第七章四级高频词汇第八章四级听力对话必背词汇及短语第一章写作一、大纲解读与话题分析（一）题型介绍写作（Writing）部分测试学生用英语进行书面表达的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。

写作选用考生所熟悉的题材。

考生根据规定的题目和所提供的提纲、情景、图片或图表等，写出一篇不少于120词的短文。

写作要求是思想表达准确、意义连贯、无严重语法错误。

（二）考核的语言技能及要求A. 思想表达1. 表达中心思想2. 表达重要或特定信息3. 表达观点、态度等B. 篇章组织4. 围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点5. 连贯地组句成段，组段成篇C. 语言运用6. 运用恰当的词汇7. 运用正确的语法8. 运用合适的句子结构9. 使用正确的标点符号10. 运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）D. 写作格式11. 运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式大学英语四级考试写作部分要求考生达到《教学要求》中的一般要求，即“能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能就一般性话题或提纲在半小时内写出至少120词的短文，内容基本完整，用词恰当，语意连贯。

能掌握基本的写作技能。

”（三）写作话题分析1.校园生活类关于校园生活类的题材共有17篇，分别在：2010年6月、2009年12月、2008年6月、2007年12月、2006年6月17日（旧题型）、2006年6月24日（新题型）、2005年6月、2004年12月、2004年6月、2003年12月、2002年6月、2002年1月、2001年6月、2000年6月、2000年1月、1999年6月。

六级翻译讲义翻译1. 四级翻译真题考点亦应全面掌握2. 规律性考点：语法和搭配3. 语法书应具备的特点：（1）全面（包括最基础语法的讲解）（2）有练习（非中、高考应试练习）商务印书馆：《英语语法手册》（薄冰修订第5版）上海外语教育出版社：《大学英语》系列教材之《语法与练习》补充资料之汉译英专项练习4. 关键词与搭配考查范围及重点：《大学英语积极词汇》（1）动词+ 介词（2）动词+ 名词（3）介词+ 名词二、大纲样题Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.72.It was essential that _______________(我们在月底签订合同)。

73.To our delight, she ________________(进大学一个月就适应了校园生活)。

74.The new government was accused_____________________(未实现其降低失业率的承诺)。

75.The workmen think ___________________(遵守安全规则很重要)。

76.The customer complained that no sooner_______________(他刚试着使用这台机器，它就不运转了)。

参考答案：72.we sign the contract before the end of the month73.adapted(herself) to campus life a month after entering college74.of failure to fulfill its promise to reduce the unemployment rate75.it very important to comply with /follow the safety regulations76.had he tried using the machine than it stopped working三、汉译英评分标准对译文的主要要求是“正确”和“表达清楚”，对英语译文的其他方面不做过高的要求。

2018年秋季大学英语四六级作文预测--谭剑波第一部分写作的形式1.字数2.段落3.整洁第一部分写作的内容第一节四六级写作核心表达第一段核心表达：1.生动地vividly--2.描述describe--3.图画/作者/名言/故事picture--4.显示/表明show,suggest--5.越来越多/越来越--6.关注/忽略pay（）attention to;7.重要性importance--8.发人深省的thought-provoking9.反映reflect--10.字幕,主题subtitle;topic--第二段核心表达：1.现象2.解释explain--3.如今nowadays--4.信息技术/高科技/文化information technology；advanced technology;cultural integration5.导致/影响cause;influence--6.尝试try to do sth.7.传递send--8.推论infer--9.吸引注意attract attention--10.必要性，至关重要，扮演角色第三段核心表达：1.采取措施take measures to(moves--immediate moves)2.加强意识strengthen the awareness(enhance the consciousness)3.制定法律/规章make laws and rules(legislation and regulation)4.采取理性态度take a rational attitude(Take an objective attitude is vitally important.对吗？)5.解决问题solve the problem（address the issue)6.强调/重视emphasize(attach importance to/place importance on)7.个人成长personal growth8.社会发展social development9.学业职业academic studies and career development10.经验视野enrich our experience and broaden our horizon第二节写作核心句法1.同位语从句与定语从句The picture mirrors a phenomenon that pollution is becoming increasingly severe.This picture demonstrates a phenomenon that is well-known to us all.2.虚拟语气It is high time that we should take moves.(took moves)It is imperative that we(should)take moves.3.独立主格结构Tangible is teaching,talking with her students,().随着社会的发展：with the society().(develop)随着问题变得严峻：with the problem()severe.(become)综上所述：with all the analysis above()into account.(take)4.分词与不定式（被动）作后置定语解释问题的原因：the reasons()the problem.(account for)环境扮演的角色：the role()by the environment.(play)要考虑的因素：the factors().(consider)5.As,which引导的非限As is graphically depict by the cartoon,a couple is boating,throw rubbish into the lake, with the caption disclose the theme of environmental consciousness,which is thought-provoking.(改错）第三节四六级作文段落框架（默写三遍，灵活运用）第一段段落总结：1.图画：As is graphically pictured by the cartoon,sb is doing sth,doing sth.,with the caption showing the theme of sth..This picture mirrors a prevalent phenomenon/an undeniable truth that(句子)，which is thought-provoking.2.名言：There is a famous saying saying that“名言”，which draws our attention to the importance of sth/being adj/doing sth.There is no doubt that without the quality of sth/being adj,we could hardly achieve anything great in our life.3.普通问题式第一段：（充分结合题干全部内容+提出自己的观点）2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay on e-learning.Try to imagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.Nowadays,with the society and information technology developing,there is a question/discussion about what will happen when an increasing number of people study online instead of attending a real school.From my perspective,the change will be great.(There is no doubt in saying that online study will,directly or indirectly,bring a great influence on our academic studies.)2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay.Suppose you have two options upon graduation:one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two.Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Currently,with the society becoming increasingly competitive,there is a choice to be made:to take a job in a company or go to a graduate school?For my part,going to a graduate school is better than taking a job in a company.第二段段落总结：原因段：So what are the reasons(behind the phenomenon reflected by the drawing)?The most important factor to be considered is that+句子。