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2019年军队文职人员统一招聘考试英语真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、语法与词汇(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.My son failed to come back home last night. This morning the police came to our house and ________ my worst fears that he was injured in a car acc ident.（分数：0.50）A.advocatedB.confirmed √C.promisedD.insured解析：A选项意为“提倡，拥护”；B选项意为“确认，确定”；C选项意为“允诺，许诺”；D选项意为“确保，保证”。
题目意为“我儿子昨夜没回家。
今早，警察来我家，________我最担心的是他在车祸中受伤。
”结合题意选择B项，使我确认了我最担心的。
故正确答案为B。
2.In an effort to ________ culture shocks, I think it is necessary to know something about the natur e of culture.（分数：0.50）A.get offB.get byC.get throughD.get over √解析：A选项意为“动身，免于受罚”；B选项意为“通过，获得认可”；C 选项意为“度过（困难时期）”；D选项意为“克服，从······中恢复”。
题目意为“为了________文化冲突，我认为有必要了解文化的本质。
”结合文意选择D项，克服文化冲突。
故正确答案为D。
3.Tom likes swimming, but he doesn't like playing b asketball.________.（分数：0.50）A.So do I.B.So it is with me. √C.Neither do I.D.I do so, too.解析：A选项意为“我也是”，对肯定句作出回应；B选项意为“我的情况也是如此”，相当于it's the same with sb. 一般用于前面既有肯定句又有否定句的情况；C选项意为“我也不”，对否定句作出回应；D选项意为“我也这么做”。
世界上最会让人误解的10题话说我看完就觉得这个世界很有深度……⒈百年战争(英法)到底打了多久?⒉巴拿马帽(Panama hat)是哪个国家制造的?⒊猫肠(Cat guts)是从哪种动物身上来的?⒋俄国人在哪一个月庆祝十月革命?⒌骆驼毛刷(Camel's hair brush)是用哪种毛造的?⒍太平洋的金丝雀群岛(Canary ISlands)是以什么动物命名的?⒎英皇乔治五世(King George Ⅵ)的名字叫什么?⒏紫织布鸟(Purple finch)是什么颜色的?⒐中国腊栗(Chi nese gooseberry)是哪里出产的?⒑客机上的黑盒(Black box)是什么颜色的?如果你答案是1.一百年2.巴拿马3.猫4.十月5.骆驼6.金丝雀7.乔治五世(King George Ⅵ)8.紫色9.中国10.黑色那祝贺你 ....错咯 ~~答案公布....1.百年战争（英法)到底打了多久?答：116年2.巴拿马帽panama hat是哪个国家制造的?答：厄瓜多尔ecuador3.猫肠cat guts是从哪种动物身上来的?答：羊和马4.俄国人在哪个月庆祝十月革命?答：11月5.骆驼毛刷camel"s hair brush是用什么毛造的?答：松鼠毛squirrelfur6.太平洋的金丝雀群岛canary islands是以什么动物命名的? 答：狗7.英皇乔治五世king george vi的名字是什么?答：albert8.紫织布鸟purple finch是什么颜色的?答：深红色9.中国醋栗chinese gooseberry是在哪里出产的?答：纽西兰newzealand10.客机上的黑盒black box是什么颜色的? 答：橙色~。
浅论英法百年战争爆发的原因百年战争（Hundred Y ears' War）是指英国和法国，于1337-453年间的战争，是世界最长的战争，断断续续进行了长达116年。
英法两国的战争行动从1337年11月开始，到1338年才正式宣战。
以法王宣布没收爱德华在法国的领地，并出兵包围基恩为开始。
以1453年，英军被法国军民驱赶出去，只控制加莱港一地为结束。
要了解英法百年战争，就要首先了解西欧的封建制度。
在西欧封建制度下，西欧封建主之间普遍结成封君封臣关系。
封臣对封君承担义务，概括来说，分为三项：其一是效忠，不能做危害封君的事；其二是帮助，这是最主要、最重要的义务，包括为封君服兵役、提供协助金和物资；其三是劝告，有义务出席封君召集的会议，提出意见帮助封君，会议兼有封君法庭和封建议事会的性质，审理的案件主要是封臣之间或封臣与封君之间发生的纠纷。
封君对封臣也有义务，主要是保护和维持封臣，不得伤害后者的荣誉、财产和生命。
10世纪后，封土与封臣制紧密结合，封土的领有是世袭的，封臣死后，其子为继续领有封土需重新向封君行臣服礼，所以事实上，封君封臣关系是世袭的，这种关系一经缔结无论是封君还是封臣都不能随意解除。
其次，要了解英法两国的历史渊源。
911年时，西法兰克王查理三世将今法国诺曼底半岛一带封给诺曼人首领罗伦，建立诺曼底公国。
1066年，诺曼底公爵威廉成为英国国王，自此历代英国国王都享受了海峡群岛的统治权。
诺曼底公国从封建义务上是法国的附庸，但是当时英国国王兼任诺曼底公爵，法王与英王之间形成了封君封臣关系，在封建义礼上说，英王九应该臣服于法王，这就为英法百年战争埋下了伏笔。
征服者威廉的儿子亨利一世统治时(1100-1135年)，首先夺取了诺曼底公国，使他与法国卡佩王朝的矛盾益趋激化。
1154年，亨利外孙安茹伯爵继位，是为亨利二世，金雀花王朝统治开始。
亨利二是从父母继承的领土有英格兰、诺曼底、安茹、曼恩、屠棱；由于同阿奎丹女继承人埃莉娜结婚又取得了普瓦都、阿奎丹、加斯科尼，后来在1169年又取得了布列塔尼。
The Hundred Years’ War between England andFranceIn 1328, the Capetian dynasty in France came to an end with the death of Charles IV, the son of Philip the Fair. An assembly of French barons gave the crown to Philip VI of Valois, the nephew of Philip the Fair.Causes of the Hundred Years WarEdward III, king of England, asserted that he in fact had a superior claimed to the throne because his mother was Philip the Fair's daughter. This, then, was one of the primary causes of the Hundred Years' War. Another cause of the Hundred Years' War was clearly economic conflict. The French monarchy tried to squeeze new taxes from towns in northern Europe which had grown wealthy as trade and cloth-making centers. Dependent as they were on English wool, these towns through their support behind English and Edward III.The Hundred Years War and the MercenariesTo make matters worse, war had become a more expensive proposition in the 14th century. Larger, healthier and better-trained armies were needed. Most governments began to rely on paid mercenaries to do their fighting for them. The problem with mercenaries is that they were expensive to obtain an even more expensive to retain. More often than not, the mercenary had no allegiance to anyone king and fought for the highest bidder. Furthermore, mercenaries were a competitive and quarrelsome lot. The Hundred Years War - the TaxesTo counteract the high price of war, European monarchs imposed even more taxes upon the people. The French were most adept at this: there were taxes on salt, bread, and wine as well as taxes on the rights to use wine presses, grindstones and mills. And of course, there was the poll tax.The Hundred Years War - the FactionsThe last cause of the Hundred Years' War was factional conflict. By the 14th century the European nobility had become diluted with men who had entered the nobility not because they had a claim by virtue of birth but because of their wealth. Meanwhile, the older nobility was losing income due to declining rents. Many older nobles joined forces with mercenaries in order to maintain their position and status. Other nobles married into wealthy families while still others tried to improve their situation by the buying and selling of royal offices. What all this boiled down to was conflict. Nobles tended to join factions united against other factions. These factions included a greatfamily, their knights, servants and even workers and peasants on the manorial estate. They had their own small armies, loyalties and even symbols of allegiance. The bottom line is that these factions were beginning to form small states within a state and contributed not only to the overall violence of the 14th century but also to the need of monarchs to keep their nobility under constant surveillance. This explains why Louis XIV, the Sun King, housed his nobility at Versailles -- it was so he could keep an eye on them.The Hundred Years War - AquitaineThe most pressing issue during the Hundred Years' War was the status of Aquitaine, a large province in south western France. According to feudal law, Edward III held Aquitaine as part of his fiefdom. Philip attacked this territory, claiming it was rightfully his. Edward's response was to join forces with the Flemish in 1337 and this was the principal cause of the war.The Hundred Years WarThe war, fought entirely on French soil, raged off and on for more than 100 years. English victories were followed by French victories, then a period of stalemate would ensue, until the conflicts again rose to the surface. During periods of truce, English and French soldiers -- most of whom were mercenaries -- would roam the French countryside killing and stealing. After the battle of Agincourt in 1415, won by the English under Henry V, the English controlled most of northern France. It appeared that England would shortly conquer France and unite the two countries under one crown. At this crucial moment in French history, a young and illiterate peasant girl, Joan of Arc (c.1412-1431), helped to rescue France.The One Hundred Years War and Joan of ArcAt the age of 13 Joan believed she had heard the voices of St. Michael, St. Catherine and St. Margaret bidding her to rescue the French people. Believing that God had commanded her to drive the English out of France, Joan rallied the demoralized French troops, leading them in battle. Clad in a suit of white armor and flying her own standard she liberated France from the English at the battle of Orleans. Ultimately captured and imprisoned by the English, Joan of Arc was condemned as a heretic and a witch and stood trial before the Inquisition in 1431. Joan was found guilty and was to be burnt at the stake but at the last moment she broke down and recanted everything. She eventually broke down again and faithful to her "voices," decided to become a martyr and was then burnt at the stake and became a national hero.。
百年战争引言Hundred Years' War是指英国和法国，以及后来加入的勃艮地，于1337年至1453年间的战争，是世界最长的战争，断断续续进行了长达116年。
14世纪，法国人试图把英国人赶出法国的西南部，从而统一法国。
英国当然不愿退出，并欲夺回祖先的土地如诺曼底、曼恩、安茹等。
当时英法两国因为贸易利益的关系，均对佛兰德斯做出争夺，使它们之间的冲突加深。
战争的导火线是英王爱德华三世乘法国卡佩王朝绝嗣之际，欲以近亲的关系继承法国王位，但最后却由腓力六世所获得，因此爱德华三世对法国宣战，以夺取法国王位。
当时神圣罗马帝国的诸侯和佛兰德斯站在英国一方，而苏格兰和罗马教皇则支持法国。
百年战争依局势的转变，大致可分为四个阶段。
The Hundred Years' War refers to the war Between Britain and France that lasted intermittently from 1337 to 1453, is the world's longest war. In 14th Century, in order to unify the French, the French tried to put the British out of southwestern France. The British certainly do not want to quit, and tried to regain their ancestral lands, such as Normandy, Anjou, Maine. At that time, Britain and France because of the relationship between trade interests, were made for Flanders, the conflict between them deepened. At that time, because of the relationship between trade interests, Britain and France were competing for Flanders, this makes the conflict between them deepened. War fuse is mainly the throne inheritance problem. In 1328, Charles IV died, the French capetian JueSi, branch African valois of Philip vi succession, whose king Charles IV to his nephew's qualifications, and Philip VI for the throne, triggering war. In accordance with changes in the situation, the hundred years' war can be roughly divided into four stages.1、第一阶段(1337年—1360年)是双方对佛兰德斯和基恩的争夺战。
