FE-5650A铷原子振荡器

铷原子时钟源
是一种基于铷原子振荡器的高精度、高稳定度时钟源。

铷原子振荡器利用铷原子的固有频率进行振荡，具有较高的精确性和稳定性，广泛应用于各种计时和频率控制系统中。

铷原子时钟源的工作原理如下：
1. 铷原子在特定的光学激发条件下，会跃迁到高能态。

2. 当铷原子从高能态跃迁回低能态时，会辐射出特定波长的光子。

3. 利用光电倍增管等光传感器检测到光子辐射，并将其转换为电信号。

4. 对电信号进行放大、滤波和整形处理，得到稳定的矩形波信号。

5. 将矩形波信号输入到分频器或倍频器，得到所需频率的时钟信号。

铷原子时钟源具有以下优点：
1. 高的精度：铷原子振荡器的频率稳定性较高，可以实现毫秒级别的精度。

2. 高的稳定性：铷原子振荡器不受外界环境因素（如温度、磁场、振动等）的影响，具有很高的稳定性。

3. 抗干扰能力强：相较于其他类型的时钟源，铷原子时钟源对电磁干扰和射频干扰具有较高的抗干扰能力。

4. 小型化、低功耗：随着技术的发展，铷原子时钟源逐渐实现
小型化和低功耗，便于集成和应用。

铷原子时钟源在通信、导航、科学研究、精密测量等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

例如，在通信系统中，它可以作为基准时钟用于频率同步和时间戳记录；在导航系统中，它可以为卫星导航信号提供高精度的时间参考；在科学研究中，它可以用于精密测量实验中的时间基准等。

OX-4011-EAE-0580-20M000OCXONominal frequency (f0)20MHzFeaturesApplication•SC Cut Crystal •hermetically sealed •SMD•Wander generation (Standard /ZLAN Group)MTIE &TDEV compliant with:-G.812(zO1)-G.8273.4(zO4;zO5)-G.8263(zO6);•S3E compliant according GR1244Performance Specificationsall units in mmTP: max 260°C (@ solder joint, customer board level)T p: max: 10…30 secAdditional Information:This SMD oscillator has been designed for pick and place reflow solderingSMD oscillators must be on the top side of the PCB during the reflow process.Notes:Unless otherwise stated all values are valid after warm-up time and refer to typical conditions for supply voltage, frequency control voltage,load,temperature(25◦C).Subject to technical modification.USA:Europe:100Watts Street LandstrasseMt Holly Springs,P A1706574924NeckarbischofsheimGermanyTel:1.717.486.3411T el:+49(0)7268.801.0Fax:1.717.486.5920Fax:+49(0)7268.801.281Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is provided only foryour convenience and may be superseded by updates.It is your reasonability to ensure that yourapplication meets with your specifications.MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENT A TION ORWARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,WRITTEN OR ORAL,ST ATUTORYOR OTHERWISE,RELA TED TO THE INFORMA TION INCLUDING,BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITSCONDITION,QUALITY,PERFORMANCE,MERCHANT ABILITY OR FITNESS FOR PURPOSE.Microchip disclaims all liability arising from this information and its e of Microchip devices in lifesupport and/or safety applications is entirely at the buyer’s risk,and the buyer agrees to defend,indemnify and hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages,claims,suits,or expenses resultingfrom such use.No licenses are conveyed,implicitly,or otherwise,under any Microchip intellectualproperty rights unless otherwise statedTrademarksThe Microchip and Vectron names and logos are registered trademarks of Microchip TechnologyIncorporated in the U.S.A.and other countries.List of appendicesAppendix_OX-4011-EAE-0580-20M000_Jitter II Appendix_OX-4011-EAE-0580-20M000_OX-401-9016-III 20M000_OX-4011-EAE-0580-10M000_MTIE_TDEVAppendix_OX-221-OX-40x_Power_on_time XIAppendix handling&processing note XIIThe following MTIE TDEV plots were generated from data collected on production devices over the course of a year and represent typical performance. Frequency is measured every second and converted to phase using Microchip’s golden standard TimeMonitor soft ware. Filtering is applied to the data per standards requirements, and limits where applicable, are shown in red. Additional information on standards and oscillatorrecommendations can be found in ZLAN-830 and ZLAN-3467 (formerly ZLAN-442 and ZLAN-68).Const. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1°C/min, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1°C/min,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5°C/min,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2°C/min,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1°C/min, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1°C/min,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5°C/min,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2°C/min,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1°C/min, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1°C/min,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5°C/min,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2°C/min,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1°C/min, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1°C/min,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5°C/min,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2°C/min,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2,range -40...85°CConst. Temp ±1°K; slope 0,1, range 21..23°C Const. Temp ±5°F; slope 0,1,range 19.22..24.78°C Trapezoid_Pattern_slope 0,5,range +2,5...42,5°C Triangle-Pattern_slope 0,2,range -40...85°CApplicationUnless otherwise noted, the products listed in the catalogue are designed for use with ordinary electrical devices, such as stationary and portable communication, control, measurement equipment etc.. They are designed and manufactured to meet a high degree of reliability (lifetime more than 15 years) under normal …commercial“ application conditions. Products dedicated for automotive and H-Rel applications are specifically identified for these applications. If you intend to use these …commercial“ products for airborne, space or critical transport applications, nuclear power control, medical devices with a direct impact on human life, or other applications which require an exceptionally high degree of reliability or safety, please contact the manufacturer.Electrostatic SensitivityCrystal oscillators are electrostatic sensitive devices. Proper handling according to the established ESD handling rules as in IEC 61340-5-1 and EN 100015-1 is mandatory to avoid degradations of the oscillator performance due to damages of the internal circuitry by electrostatics. If not otherwise stated, our oscillators meet the requirements of the Human Body Model (HBM) according to JESD22-A114F.HandlingExcessive mechanical shocks during handling as well as manual and automatic assembly have to be avoided. If the oscillator was unintentionally dropped or otherwise subject to strong shocks, please verify that the electrical function is still within specification.Improper handling may also detoriate the coplanarity of bended leads of SMD components. SolderingOscillators can be processed using conventional soldering processes such as wave soldering, convection, infrared, and vapour phase reflow soldering under normal conditions. Solderability is guaranteed for one year storage under normal climatic conditions (+5°C to +35°C @ 40% to 75% relative humidity), however typically sufficient solderability –depending on the process – is maintained also for longer time periods. In cases of doubt, components older than one year should undergo a sample solderability test.The recommended reflow solder profile for SMT componets is according IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 (latest revision)SMD oscillators must be on the top side of the PCB during the reflow process.After reflow soldering the frequency of the products may have shifted several ppm, which relaxes after several hours or days, depending on the products. For details please contact the manufacturer.CleaningCleaning is only allowed for hermetically sealed oscillators. Devices with non hermetical enclosures (e.g. with trimmer holes) shall not be cleaned by soaking or in vapour, because residues from the cleaning process may penetrate into the interior, and degrade the performance.Our products are laser marked. The marking of our oscillators is resistant to usual solvents, such as given in IEC 60068-2-45 Test XA. For applicable test conditions see IEC 60679-1.Ultrasonic cleaning is usually not harmful to oscillators at ultrasonic frequencies of 20kHz at the sound intensities conventional in industry. Sensitive devices may suffer mechanical damage if subjected to 40kHz ultrasound at high sound pressure. In cases of doubt, please conduct tests under practical conditions with the oscillators mounted on the PC board.Hermetical SealIf the device is specified as hermetically sealed, it meets the requirements of IEC 60679-1, i.e. for enclosures with a volume smaller than 4000mm³ the leak rate is below 5*10-8 bar cm3/s, for larger enclosures it is below 1*10-6 bar c bar cm3/s, tested according to IEC 60068-2-17 Test Qk.Glass feed-throughs may be damaged as a result of mechanical overload, such as bending the connection leads or cutting them with an unappropriated tool. In order to avoid microcracking, the wire must be held fixed in position by a pressure pad between glass feed-through and the bending point during the bending process. Check: there should be no damaged edges on the glass feed-through after the bending.Tape & ReelThe packing in tape and reel is according to IEC 60286-3.Details see tape & reel data sheets.QualificationVectron products are undergoing regular qualification/reliability tests as per product family definition. Results are available upon request. Customer specific qualification tests are subject to agreement.If not otherwise stated, the product qualifications are performed according to IEC 60679-5 or other valid industry standards.ScreeningOur oscillators are 100% tested, and all key manufacturing processes are controlled by Statistical Process Control (SPC). Additional screening is therefore usually not required.On request, we can perform screening tests according to MIL-PRF-55310, class B for discrete or hybrid constructions of commercial (COTS) products. For special requirements see the High Reliability Clock section.Demounting/Desoldering of Ocsillator device for analysis:The removal or desoldering of oscillators from customer application after SMT process may cause damage to the device if not handeld appropriately. It may lead to parametric change such as frequency shift (like OCXO: up to +/- 200 ppb) . It is utmost important to minimize the direct heat exposure to the device in order to avoid such effects. Use of hot air gun for desoldering should be avoided.A mechanical stress could also destroy the part, if exposed to excessive mechanical shock after removal process. Appropriate shock protection & ESD designated packaging must be used to avoid any external mechanical shock for FA return process.In general, the products* withstand the tests listed in the following Table 1, which are based on valid industry standards.*Additional note: Test conditions could vary for different product families and individual product specifications depending on the customer as well as product requirements.Recommended Environmental Test ConditionsTable 1。

,FE-5680AFE-5660AFE-5652A FE-5650A 北京建普奇正技术发展有限公司电话：８６＋１０＋６８１１８１２０　传真：８６＋１０＋６８１１８１３０网址：ｗｗｗ．ｏｊｕｍｐｏ．ｃｎ地址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街３１号　神舟大厦　７０９FE-5650AFE-5660A• STANDARD OUTPUT FREQUENCY IS 5OR 10 MHz• SHORT TERM:ALLAN DEVIATION 3x10-11/ t • LONG TERM: AGING 5x10-11/MONTH • TEMPERATURE: 3x10-10, -5 TO+50°CFE-5652A• EXTREMELY SMALL: 3x3x1.4 IN.• DIGITALLY PROGRAMMABLE TO 1x10-13• FREQUENCY: 1 Hz TO 20 MHz & 50.255+MHz• STABILITY OVER TEMPERATURE 3x10-10• STABILITY: 1.4x10-11/ t , 2x1O -11/DAY2x10-9/YEARFE-5680A• EXTREMELY LOW SILHOUETTE:LESS THAN 1”• STABILITY OVER TEMPERATURE: 5x10-11• DIGITALLY PROGRAMMABLE TO 1x10-13• FREQUENCY: 1 Hz TO 20 MHz • FAST WARM UP:<5 MIN • STABILITY:TO 5x10-12/ tTO 2x10-10/YEAR• TEMPERATURE RANGE: -40°C to + 85°C • STABILITY OVER TEMPERATURE: 5x10-11• DIGITALLY PROGRAMMABLE TO 1x10-13• FREQUENCY: 1 Hz TO 20 MHz • FAST WARM UP:<5 MIN • STABILITY:TO 5x10-12/ t2x10-10/YEAR2TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICSMODELFE-5650A FE-5652A FE-5660A FE-5680A POWER @25°C8W (Steady State)16W (Steady State)10W @24 VDC 11W (Steady State)32W(Peak)36W (Peak)-------------32W (Peak)WARM-UP TIME @25°C <4 min. to lock 5 min to lock <6 min. to 1x10-9<5 min. to lock POWER SUPPL Y 15-18V @500 mA 26 to 28 VDC 15V 15-18V @700 mA5V ±0.25 @100 mARIPPLE INPUT 15V @< 0.1 Vrms ---------------------------15V @< 0.1 Vrms OPERATING or 48 bit DDS or 48 bit DDS TEMPERATURE -5°C to +50°C -40 to +85°C -5° to +50°C -5°C to +50°C SIZE 1.44 x 3.03 x 3.00 2.97 x 6.0 x 6.3 2 x 3 x 40.98 x 3.4 x 4.9237 x 77 x 76 mm 75 X 178 x 160 mm 51 x 76 x 102 mm 25 x 88 x 125 mm 12 oz, 338 gms 3.06 Lbs, 1.388 Kgs 1.3 Lbs, 0.6 Kgs 15.3 oz, 434 gms SPECIFICATIONSFREQUENCY 10 MHz (Factory Settable 1 Hz to 20 MHz)OUTPUT0.5V rms into 50 ohm sinewave SETTABILITY 1 x 10-11(range 2 X 10-9)STABILITYALLAN DEVIATION 1.4 x 10-11/t DRIFT 2 x 10-9/year 2 x 10-11/day RETRACE5 x 10-11INPUT VOLTAGESENSITIVITY2 X 10-11/15 to 16V SPURS60 dBc HARMONICS 30 dBc PHASE NOISE @10 Hz:-100 dBc (@10 MHz)@100 Hz:-125 dBc @1000 Hz:-145 dBc FREQUENCY VS TEMP .3 x 10-10 (-5 to +50°C)BITE Output, N O Fault/Fault L OGIC L EVEL Rb L OCK , 0/1 (TTL Compatible)Figure 13RUBIDIUM FREQUENCY STANDARDSFUNCTION DESCRIPTIONINPUT REGULATORSLOCK-IN AMPLIFIERRF GENERATOR SYNTHESIZER10 MHz OUTPUT FREQUENCY50.255+ MHz OUTPUTOUTPUT FREQUENCYBUFFER AMPLIFIER PROGRAMMABLE SYNTHESIZERRUBIDIUM PHYSICS PACKAGEEFCSERIAL DIGITINPUT+15VRTNINPUT VOLTAGE50.255+ MHz12345-OR--OR-EThe RFS uses the property of atomic resonance in a Rubidium Physics Package to control the output frequency of a 50.255+ MHz Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator (VCXO) via a Frequency Lock Loop (FLL). The FLL functional blocks consist of an RF Generator, Lock-in Amplifier and the Rubidium Physics Package. Frequency locking of the VCXO is accomplished by operating the Rubidium Physics Package as a frequency discriminator, i.e., departures of a frequency derived from an input signal (50.255+ MHz from the VCXO) from a defined center frequency (Rubidium atomic resonance) produce a DC output signal (control voltage). Once the FLL has been established, the system generates a loop-locked indication which can be monitored on pin 3. Depending on the option selected, the 50.255+ MHz VCXO output is used as the clock input for the DDS within the Synthesizer, the Digital Programmable Synthesizer or Buffer Amplifier.The Rubidium Physics Package utilizes the ground-state hyperfine transition of the Rubidium atom, at approximately 6.8+ GHz. In order to use this atomic transition, the Rubidium Physics Package incorporates a Rubidium cell, Rubidium lamp, and servo electronics. The VCXO is locked to the Rubidium atomic resonance at 6.8+ GHz. The VCXO frequency of 50.255+ MHz is an exact sub-multiple (x136) of the atomic resonance frequency at 6.8+ GHz.The error signal is generated in the physics package. Light from the Rubidium lamp, produced by an excited plasma discharge, is filtered and passed through the Rubidium resonance cell where it interacts with Rubidium atoms in the vapor. After passing through the resonance cell, this light is incident upon a photocell. When the applied microwave fre-quency is equal to 6.8+ GHz, the Rubidium atoms are resonated by the microwave field in the cavity; this causes the light reaching the photocell to decrease. The decrease in light, when the microwave frequency is equal to the sharply defined Rubidium frequency, is then converted electronically to an error signal with phase and amplitude information that is used to steer the VCXO via its control voltage and keep it on frequency at 50.255+ MHz.Output frequencies for Options 02 are provided by the Digital Programmable Synthesizer. Option 02 is an RS-232remote digitally controlled output with a frequency range of 2 x 10-7at a resolution of 5 x 10-12.Figure 24OPTIONSOPTION NO.FREQUENCY STABILITY284x10-12/day, 5x10-10/year 29 2x10-10/year after 1 year(4x10-10/month)31Allan Dev = 5x10-12/ t 32 f vs. T= ±1x10-1048 f vs. T= ±5x10-11OPTIONOUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 02RS232 control*09Square Wave 12Analog Tuning16-80 dBc Spurious for ±5 MHz 21 1.0 V rms Output 26LOCK=TTL High30Analog Tuning: 0 to 10v 357E -9C-Fld Adj*Consult factoryOPTION INPUT VOLTAGE OPTIONS 2015 VDC2522 VDC to 32 VDC3415 & 5 VDC Input (FE-5660)46Reverse Voltage ProtectionOPTION OTHER18Conformally Coated22MIL environment (foamed)46Reverse Voltage ProtectionOPTION NO.OUTPUT FREQUENCY **0150.255055 MHz Sine Wave 03 5 MHz 0415 MHz 0513 MHz 06 2.048 MHz 0710.23 MHz***08Customer Frequency**Nominal Frequency ±5x10-8***1 Hz to 10 MHz sq. wave, TTL Comp., 5 MHz to 20 MHz sine wave.OPTION TEMPERATURE RANGE 36-44Consult Factory(from -55°c to +85°c)5Rubidium atomic frequency standards are beingused increasingly in telecommunication applications, particularly wireless telephone networks.The possibilityof frequency stability sufficient to eliminate the need for sched-uled re-calibrations, along with small size, low power require-ments, wide temperature range operation, and low cost, make these devices attractive candidates for telecommunication applications.In this paper, two new Rb frequency standard designs the FE5680A and FE5652A have been optimized for such appli-cations. The first design is a low profile device, in a package less than 1 inch in height. This device is designed to operate over the temperature range -10 to +60°C, with less than 1E-10 frequency error.The second design is a wide temperature range device, which operates from -40 to +85°C, with less than 1E-10 frequen-cy error. This unit employs a thermo-electric cooler to maintainthe Rb absorption elements at acceptable temperatures at the high end of the ambient temperature range.These devices are presently in production. Performance results of production devices are presented.IntroductionThe FE-5680A Rb frequency standard is 3.5 x 5 x 1 inches, a design suited to PC board slot mounted applications. This product is shown in Figure 1. A simplified functional block diagram is shown below. (Figure 3)The FE-5652A Rb frequency standard is 4.7 x 6 x 3 inches. This larger package allows space for a thermo-electric cooler for the physics package, as well as circuitry to lock the output fre-quency to a 1 PPS reference signal as provided by GPS receivers. This product is shown in Figure 3. A simplified block diagram is shown below.Many commercial applications for precision frequency standards demand performance over an extended tem-perature range. Often frequency variation with temperature is the performance-limiting feature of these devices for CDMA holdover applications. The two products described in this paper have both been designed to operate over extended temperature ranges while guaranteeing a frequency variation of less than1E-10. The FE-5680A operates at any temperature between -10 and +60°C, a temperature range required for indoor rack-mounted telecommunication hardware with limited air flow. The FE-5652A operates at any temperature between -40 and+85°C, a temperature range required for outdoor, limited access, low maintenance telecommunication hardware.General Performance CharacteristicsPerformance characteristics for these Rb frequency standards are shown in electrical characteristics and options.It is immediately apparent the performance of the two designs is very similar. The only differences are that the FE-5652A requires a 28 VDC (nominal) input, and whereas the FE-5680A requires a 15 VDC (nominal) input. The power dissipation of the FE-5652A is 16 watts, as opposed to the 11 watts dissipated by the FE-5680A. The extra power required for the FE-5652A is needed for the thermo-electric circuit and the external reference lock circuitry.Frequency vs. TemperatureAs mentioned above, frequency variations due to ambi-ent temperature variations can easily swamp other sources of instability for a Rb frequency standard operating in a real life environment. Therefore special attention was given to frequency stability vs. temperature in these designs. Figures 5 and 6 show typical performance data for FE-5680A and FE-5652A Rb stan-dards over the ambient temperature range. In addition to the information provided by these plots, it is useful to understand the distribution of performance associated with a production lot of these devices. Table 2 provides this information.Figure3Figure4Block Diagram, FE-5652A6Table 2Frequency vs. Temperature Statistics, FE-5680ALot ID No. of Units Mean ∆f Std. Dev.(E-10)(E-10)43340.000.3044436-0.090.416The information in this table shows that the mean total frequency deviation over temperature is very small. What this really means is that the frequency deviation is equally likely to be positive or negative. The standard deviation values give an indication of the range of deviations to be expected amongst production devices.Frequency StabilityAllan deviation stability data for the FE5680A and FE5652A Rb standards are shown in Figure 7. The measurements used to derive the Allan deviation were all made at 25°C. It is of interest to note that the result for SN 4005 is significantly improved by comparing it to another Rb standard (SN 5339) rather than a Cs reference. This indicates that the result is limited by the stability of the Cs reference.Figure 7Allan Variance for several unitsSummaryPerformance results for two new Rubidium frequency standard products have been reported. These products continue thetrend toward small, robust, high-performance atomic frequency standards capable of operating in harsh non-laboratory environ-ments, yet providing stabilities approaching those measured under controlled laboratory conditions. These devices are well suited to the demands of the telecommunications industry for increasingly precise time and frequency references capable of operating un-attended in harsh environments.7FOR CONSTANT FREQUENCY OFFSET 8FOR LINER FREQUENCY DRIFT95650A5652A 10TABLE 1PIN FUNCTION1+15V2+15V RTN3LOCK INDICATOR (BIT)4+5V5+5V RTN6NC7FINE TUNE RTN8FINE TUNE9NCPART NUMBER OF THIS DEVICE IS CONTROLLED BY CCD B115010-134805680A5660A11PINTABLE123456789FUNCTION +15V GND RB LOCK/UNLOCK N/C GND N/C FACTORY USE ONLY ANALOG TUNING N/COTHER FEI PRODUCTS FE-102A - CRYSTAL OSCILLATOROPERATION @100 MHzWITH LOW PHASENOISE: -172 dBcFE-101A - CRYSTAL OSCILLATORSUBMINIATURE OVEN CONTROLLED DESIGN,ONLY 1.27"X1.33"X1.33"WITH FAST WARM UP –LESS THAN 2 MINUTES FE-103A - CRYSTAL OSCILLATORDOUBLE OVEN DESIGNWITH EXCELLENT STABILITY:1X10-11/SECFE-7923A - DISTRIBUTION AMPLIFIERAN ECONOMICAL, 10-CHANNEL SINEWAVEDISTRIBUTION AMPLIFIEROPERATING FROM 1 MHzTHROUGH 10 MHz北京建普奇正技术发展有限公司电话：８６＋１０＋６８１１８１２０　传真：８６＋１０＋６８１１８１３０网址：ｗｗｗ．ｏｊｕｍｐｏ．ｃｎ地址：北京市海淀区中关村南大街３１号神舟大厦７０９室。

铁硅铝磁环电感
铁硅铝磁环电感是一种被广泛使用的电感元件。

它主要由形状为
圆环的硅钢片、铝箔片及螺纹组成，是目前市场上最常用的电感元件
之一。

有时也称为晶振线圈、现代晶振环以及现代晶体线圈。

铁硅铝
磁环电感具有高效率、体积小、重量轻、易于安装和控制的优势。

此外，铁硅铝磁环电感的优势还在于能够实现高精度、高稳定性
及高灵敏度的测量，可以实现低压驱动和高压驱动，使用寿命长，耐
高温性好，能够承受大的电流而不受影响，可减少测量误差，可以实
现低噪声环境。

另外，铁硅铝磁环电感的纹波抑制能力差，容易受歪曲干扰影响，其频宽有限，电容和电阻效应不佳，生产成本高，维护难度大，受温
度变化影响大，功耗低，但性能不稳定。

同时，这种电感元件的工作
温度范围有限，一般以-20℃~125℃为宜，高温下可能会造成磁路损坏，导致电感变形。

总之，铁硅铝磁环电感是目前市场上最常用的电感元件之一，具
有高效率、体积小、重量轻、稳定性高、灵敏度高等优点，但也存在
着一些缺点，例如纹波抑制能力差、频宽有限、电容和电阻效应不佳、受温度变化影响大等。

因此，在购买铁硅铝磁环电感时，应考虑到其
优缺点，选择合适的规格及用途，以便得到最佳的应用效果。

vn5650用法-回复*以下文章仅为示例，实际用法可能因产品实际情况存在差异，请以产品说明书为准。

*vn5650用法介绍vn5650是一款功能强大的设备，适用于各种电子设备和电路板的测试和诊断。

它具有多种功能和使用场景，如信号发生器、频谱分析仪、网络分析仪等。

在本文中，我们将逐步介绍vn5650的使用方法，帮助您充分了解和掌握这款设备。

第一步：了解vn5650的基本功能vn5650是一款集成了多种仪器的多合一测试设备。

它可以作为信号发生器，输出各种波形信号，如正弦波、方波、三角波等。

同时，它还具备频谱分析仪的功能，可以分析信号的频谱特性。

此外，vn5650还可作为网络分析仪，检测电路板的网络参数，如阻抗、传输函数等。

因此，vn5650非常适合电子设备的测试和诊断工作。

第二步：连接vn5650到电子设备在开始使用vn5650之前，需要将其连接到待测试的电子设备上。

首先，将vn5650的电源线连接到电源插座，并打开电源开关。

然后，使用合适的连接线（如BNC线）将vn5650的输出端口与待测试设备的输入端口连接。

确保连接牢固可靠，以免出现松动或接触不良的情况。

第三步：选择需要测试的功能模式一旦vn5650与待测试设备连接好，可以通过触摸屏或旋钮选择需要测试的功能模式。

vn5650提供了直观的操作界面，用户可以通过触摸屏选择不同的测试模式，也可以通过旋钮进行调整和设置。

根据具体的测试需求，选择相应的功能模式，例如信号发生器模式、频谱分析仪模式或网络分析仪模式。

第四步：设置测试参数和启动测试在选定功能模式之后，需要设置测试参数以及启动测试。

对于信号发生器模式，可以设置信号频率、幅度和波形类型等参数，并启动信号输出。

对于频谱分析仪模式，可以设置频谱范围、分辨率和显示方式等参数，并启动频谱分析。

对于网络分析仪模式，可以设置测试频率和扫描速度等参数，并启动网络分析。

根据具体的测试需求，设置好参数后，点击启动按钮开始测试。