云南师大附中2015届高考适应性月考（八）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，第I卷第1页至第7页，第II卷第7页至第8页。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
满分120分，考试用时100分钟。
第I 卷（选择题，共70分）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AAt the Metropolitan Opera in New York City where she often sings, Carol’s voice must be loud enough to be heard by 4,000 people. It must reach every person in the theater without a microphone, even when she’s singing softly. The reason why Carol can projec t her voice that far is the way she breathes.“When you breathe, it’s like a swimmer taking a deep breath before going underwater,” Carol explains. “You have to take a lot of air into your lungs.”According to Carol, the main differences between pop singi ng and opera are “how you breathe, how much air you take in, and how you control it coming out.” “Regular singing is more like speaking, and it’s a lot softer. When I sing for children, they’re often surprised by how the vibrations（共鸣）strike their ears---l ike waves on a beach,” Carol says. “In opera, the air doesn’t just go out of your mouth---it vibrates in your chest, the way a guitar vibrates when it’s played.”Ever since she started piano lessons at the age of ten, Carol has loved music. As she got older, she decided to become a music teacher. When she went to college, she took singing lessons as part of her studies. Her voice teacher discovered that 19-year-old Carol had an exceptionally beautiful soprano---the highest singing voice for women.Carol decided to make opera her goal, not only because she loved to sing but also because she loved the drama. Opera is a play in which the characters sing the words instead of speaking them. The stories of opera can be tragic or comical. They can be personal stories about two people falling in love or grand stories about kings and queens who lived long ago. As the characters in an opera sing, the emotions expressed by words and music come to life.Today, Carol performs throughout the United States and Europe and she has sung for twenty years. But she has never forgotten the first place where she started singing.“Put your heart into your singing and enjoy it,” says Carol, “because singing is a great joy. That’s why I sing. In fact, that’s why everybody sings.”1. The difference between pop singing and opera is that .A. opera is more like speakingB. an opera singer breathe differently from a pop singerC. a pop singer takes in much more air than an opera singerD. a pop singer’s lungs are st ronger than those an opera singer2. According to the passage, we can’t get the fact that Carol .A. worked as a music teacherB. once learned to play the pianoC. is popular in America and EuropeD. has been singing opera for nearly 20 years.3. Carol’s success lies in her .A. personality, luck and familyB. luck, talent and determinationC. talent, desire and devotionD. intelligence, generosity and patience4. What is the best title for this passage?A. Pop Singing and OperaB. The Way on Opera Star SingsC. An Opera StarD. The Key to SuccessBPsychologists take opposing views of how external rewards（外在奖励）, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive（认知的）researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, think that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small rewards of money develops inventive ability in grade-school children, suggesting that properly resented inducements indeed aid creativity, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they’re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark, “But it’s easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much expectation of rewards.”Eisenberger holds the view that a teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for or ordinary achievements ends up with uninspired students. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts as major universities to tightened grading standards and restore failing grades.In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies（象征性酬赏制）, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points towards valued rewards, promises raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.5. The first two paragraphs imply that .A. psychologists believe rewards can greatly improve performanceB. even the careful use of a small of money is harmful to creativityC. behaviorists consider that rewards often ruin creativityD. some educators think rewards can destroy creativity6. The underlined word “inducements” in Paragraph 2 probably means .A. temptationsB. pleasuresC. patternsD. excuses7. What can be learned from the text?A. In early grades, parents shouldn’t give children rewards.B. A proper reward may help increase a child’s creativity.C. It’s unnecessary to tightened grading standards at universityCAfter a far away vacation, a long day at work an emotional setback, everyone wants to return home to regain their routine and seek comfort. The normalcy（常态）of life at home has made it a common theme in many idioms. Here are some examples of idioms that are based on home.Close to homeWhen something is uncomfortably near or real, it’s close to home.Example: “John’s remarks about distracted drivers hit Mary close to home because her mother died in a car accident.”Eaten out of house and homeIt is frequently applied to guests or children who eat a lot.Example: When Irene visits her grandparents, she always eats them out of house and home.Home is where the heart is.This idiom indicates individuals who follow their heart.Example: Josephine has decided to travel to China with her boyfriend. After all, home is where heat is.The chickens come home to roost.Mistakes from the past often come back to upset someone.Example: Jerry tore his pants again. He knew the chickens would come home to roost when his mom noticed the tear.The lights are on, but nobody’s home.This humorous idiom does not mean that a family has gone out and forgotten to turn off the lights. It usually refers to someone who is attractive but not very smart.Example: The male model is handsome but stupid. He lights are on, but nobody’s home.A home away from homeSome people like exploring new places on vacation, while others like visiting the same places over and over again.Example: Mike goes to Baltimore every weekend. It’s his home away from home.It’s nothing to write home about.If something is particularly boring or mundane（世俗的）, it is not interesting enough to tell your parents about.Example: The meal is OK, but its is nothing to write home about.8. Home is a common theme in many idioms because it is .A. a place to take delightB. a site to enjoy family reunionC. a reflection of normal lifeD. a wish for a dream destination9.“It’s nothing to write home about.” agree with “”.A. a family goes out with the lights onB. something is not worth mentioningC. someone enjoys visiting various placesD. a per son hasn’t a good appetite10. The following are all examples of those idioms except .A. Smith, recently divorced, is asked about it by his friendsB. John, a careless boy, is regretful for making the same mistakeC. Lily, an excellent graduate, volunteers to work in a small villageD. Tom, whose composition is well written, is also expert at speech11. Who may be the target readers of this text?A. Holiday makersB. Language learnersC. Stay-at-home peopleD. News spokesmenDFor many people, toilets are not a particularly pleasant topic. Not so for Singaporean enterpriser Jack Sim. He founded the World Toilet Organization to arrest attention to the health problems which poor sanitation (公共卫生) is causing in many parts of the world.Toilets are Jack Sim’s passion. The 50-year-old Singaporean gave up his job in the construction business six years ago to found the World Toilet Organization.It may sound like a joke, but the charity deals with serious issues. Sim says more than 40% of the world’s population have no access to proper toilets. The goal of his World Toilet Organization is to make clean, safe and affordable sanitation available to everyone.Sim says the first step in bringing about changes is to talk openly about toilets—a taboo (忌讳的) subject for many people. “Basically, toilets do not improve because people do not want to talk about it, and the reason why they don’t talk about it is that when they were children, their parents taught them ‘if you want to be respected for the rest of your life, don’ t ever admit that you have a relationship with the toilet’ —and that is really, really wrong,” he says.The charity runs a World Toilet College in Singapore. Students from different fields, such as architects or development workers, can choose among the courses ranging from toilet design to ecological sanitation.Sim says one of the organization’s most important tasks is to train people in slums and rural areas to build toilets themselves. He says he accelerates the use of toilets by making them into astatus symbol. “If you are defeating (排便) on the roadside, you are not very respectable, but if you have a toilet then it’s like you have a television or you have a hand phone. So this is a ver y, very important way of marketing it to them because the poor are status-seeking people,” he says.Sim says his organization will soon open a second toilet college in the Indonesian province of Aceh.12. Jack Sim quitted his job to .A. construct proper toilets.B. make accessible sanitationC. run a toilet designing instituteD. start the World Toilet Organization13. When it comes to a toilet, Sim thinks people tend to .A. have an urge to better itB. become crazy about itC. avoid speaking of itD. ignore its existence14. To build toilets if significant for those living in .A. less developed placesB. crowded public placesC. developed placesD. urban areas15. What can we infer from the text?A. another two toilet colleges will soon open.B. Status is more important than toilets for the poor.C. A student in World Toilet College may be a doctor.D. The organization aims to train people to build toilets in slums.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
