生物免疫学英文词汇汇总学习---

免疫学英语
免疫学是研究生物体对外界异物的免疫反应的学科。

在免疫学的学习中，我们需要掌握一定的英语知识，因为很多免疫学术语和文献都是用英语撰写的。

下面介绍一些常用的免疫学英语：
1. Antibody（抗体）：一种特殊的蛋白质，能识别和结合外来抗原。

2. Antigen（抗原）：一种能诱导机体免疫应答的分子。

3. Immune response（免疫反应）：机体对抗原的免疫应答过程。

4. Immune system（免疫系统）：包括多种细胞和分子，能识别
和消灭外来抗原。

5. Immunodeficiency（免疫缺陷）：免疫系统功能异常，导致易感染病原体。

6. Immunization（免疫接种）：通过注射疫苗，让机体产生免疫应答，达到预防疾病的目的。

在学习免疫学的过程中，我们需要熟练掌握这些免疫学英语术语，并能够正确理解和运用。

同时，我们也需要通过阅读免疫学文献和参加国际学术会议等途径，不断提高自己的英语水平，以便更好地掌握和应用免疫学知识。

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常用病原生物学与免疫学中英文词汇AAcari 蜱螨亚纲acetabulum 腹吸盘acid-fast stain 抗酸染色Actinomyces 放线菌属Aedes albopictus 白纹伊蚊aerial hypha 气生菌丝agar 琼脂agglutination 凝集反应alkaline phosphatase, AP 碱性磷酸酶allergen 变应原alpha-fetal protein, AFP 甲胎蛋白amastigote 无鞭毛体amoeba 阿米巴anaerobe 厌氧菌Ancylostoma duodenale 十二指肠钩口线虫Anopheles minimus 微小按蚊Anopheles sinensis中华按蚊antibody,Ab 抗体antigen, Ag 抗原antistreptolysin O, ASO 抗链球菌溶血素“O”antitoxin抗毒素apoptosis细胞凋亡Arachnida 蛛形纲Ascaris lumbricoides似蚓蛔线虫asepsis无菌autoclave高压蒸气灭菌器autolysin 自溶酶BB cell receptor, BCR B细胞受体Bacillus 杆菌Bacillus anthracis炭疽杆菌bacteriophage, phage 噬菌体bacteriostasis 抑菌bacterium细菌Balantidium coli 结肠小袋纤毛虫basic medium 基础培养基basophil 嗜碱性粒细胞bed bugs 臭虫bioaerosol 生物气溶胶bio-hazard 生物危害Biological safety cabinets，BSCs 生物安全柜bio-safety containment 生物安全防护bio-safety containment for laboratories 生物安全防护实验室Bio-safety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories，BMBL 微生物和生物医学实验室的生物安全bio-safety level, BSL 生物安全水平blastospore 芽生孢子Blattella gemanica 德国小蠊blepharoplast 毛基体blood fluke 血吸虫body nuclei 体核Borrelia 疏螺旋体Broth 肉汤培养基Brugia malayi 马来布鲁线虫CC．trachomatis 沙眼衣原体Campylobacter jejuni 空肠弯曲菌Candida albicans白色念珠菌（白假丝酵母菌）capsule 荚膜cellular immune 细胞免疫cephalic space 头间隙cercaria 尾蚴cestode 绦虫Chlamydia 衣原体Chlamydia pneumoniae 肺炎衣原体chromosome 染色体chromatoid body 拟染体Chrysomyia megacephala 大头金蝇ciliate 纤毛虫circumoval precipitin （COP）环卵沉淀实验Clonorchis sinensis华支睾吸虫Clostridium botulinum肉毒梭菌Clostridium perfrigens 产气荚膜梭菌Clostridium tetani 破伤风梭菌coagulase 凝固酶coccus 球菌cockroaches 蜚蠊,蟑螂colony forming unit, CFU 菌落形成单位complement, C 补体Corynebacterium diphtheriae白喉棒状杆菌crescentic space 半月形空隙cross antigen 交叉抗原cryptococcus 隐球菌Cryptosporidium parvum 微小隐孢子虫Culex pipiens pallens 淡色库蚊Culex tritaeniorhynchus三带喙库蚊culture medium 培养基cyst 包囊cysticercus bovis 牛囊尾蚴cysticercus cellulosae 猪囊尾蚴cytokine, CK 细胞因子cytopharynx 胞咽cytoprocte 胞肛cytostome 胞口cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL或Tc 细胞毒性T细胞Ddarkfield microscopy 暗视野显微镜Demodex folliculorum毛囊蠕形螨Demodex brevis皮脂蠕形螨Dermatophytes 皮肤癣菌differentiated medium 鉴别培养基Direct agglutination 直接凝集反应disinfect 消毒disk diffusion susceptibility test纸片法药物敏感实验double agar immunodiffusion test 双向琼脂免疫扩散实验drug-resistant bacterium 耐药菌dysentery bacterium 痢疾杆菌EEscherichia coli大肠埃希菌Echinococcus geanulosus 细粒棘球绦虫ectoplasm 外质egg 虫卵egg shell 卵壳electron microscopy 电子显微镜elementary body 原体elevated shoulder 肩峰embryophore 胚膜Encephalitis B virus 流行性乙型脑炎病毒endoplasm 内质enterohemorrhagic E.coli, EHEC 肠出血型大肠埃希菌enteroinvasive E.coli, EIEC 肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌enterotoxigenic E.coli，ETEC 肠产毒素型大肠埃希菌Enterovirus肠道病毒Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA 酶联免疫吸附试验Enzyme linked immunospot assay, ELISPOT酶联免疫斑点试验Entamoeba coli 结肠阿米巴Entamoeba histolytica 溶组织内阿米巴Enterobius vermicularis 蠕形住肠线虫Entamoeba gingivalis齿龈内阿米巴eosin and methylene blue 伊红美兰平板（EMB平板）eosinophil 嗜酸性粒细胞epidermophyton表皮癣菌erythrocyte 红细胞FFasciolopsis buski 布氏姜片吸虫female 雌虫fertilized egg 受精卵filamentous colony 丝状菌落filariform larvae 丝状蚴filament substance 丝状物flagellum 鞭毛flagellate 鞭毛虫fleas 蚤flow cytometry, FCM 流式细胞术fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, FQ—PCR 荧光定量聚合酶链反应fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test FTA-ABS 荧光密螺旋体吸收试验fly，flies 蝇fungus，fungi 真菌Ggametocyte 配子体Giardia lamblia 蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫Giemsa staining 姬姆萨染色glycogen vacuole 糖原泡gnathosoma 颚体gonococcus 淋球菌Gram’s stain革兰染色法gravid proglottid 妊娠节片gynecophoral canal 抱雌沟HHBcAb 乙型肝炎核心抗体HBeAb 乙型肝炎e抗体HBsAg 乙型肝炎表面抗原hemolytic plaque forming cell assay，HPFC溶血空斑形成细胞检测hepatitis A virus, HA V 甲型肝炎病毒hepatitis B virus, HBV乙型肝炎病毒hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis，HBV-GN 乙型肝炎病毒相关性肾炎hepatitis C virus, HCV 丙型肝炎病毒herpes simplex virus HSV 单纯疱疹病毒hexacanth larva 六钩蚴hooklet 小钩horseradish peroxidase, HRP 辣根过氧化物酶hot air sterilizer 干烤箱human immunodeficiency virus, HIV 人类免疫缺陷病毒hydatid sand 棘球砂hydatid cyst 棘球蚴Hymenolepis nana 微小膜壳绦虫hypersensitivity超敏反应hypha菌丝Iidosoma 躯体imago 成虫immature schizont 未成熟裂殖体immunoglobulin，Ig 免疫球蛋白inclusion 包涵体incomplete egg 不完整带绦虫卵Indamoeba butschlii布氏嗜碘阿米巴Influenza-virus 流行性感冒病毒initial body 始体Insecta 昆虫纲intermediate host 中间宿主intestinal fluke 肠吸虫iron hematoxylin stain 铁苏木素染色isolation culture 分离培养Ixodes persulcatus 全沟硬蜱JJapanese encephalitis virus日本脑炎病毒Kkaryosome 核仁kinetoplast 动基体Llaboratory-associated infection 实验室相关感染laminar air flow room LAFR 层流室langerhans cells, LC 郎格罕斯细胞larva 幼虫larva capcule 囊包幼虫lateral spine 侧棘lecthinase 卵磷脂酶Leishmania donovani 杜氏利什曼原虫Lentivirinae慢病毒亚科Leptotrombidium deliensis地里纤恙螨leukocyte differentiation白细胞分化抗原liver fluke 肝吸虫lice 虱Lowenstein-jensen medium 罗氏培养基Lucilia sericata 丝光绿蝇lung fluke 肺吸虫lyophilization 冷冻真空干燥法lysogenic bacteria 溶原性细菌Mmacrogametocyte 雌配子体macrophages, MΦ巨噬细胞malarial parasites 疟原虫malarial pigment 疟色素male 雄虫mature proglottid 成节mature schizont 成熟裂殖体Maure’s dots 茂氏小点measles virus麻疹病毒medical arthropods 医学节肢动物medical helminthology 医学蠕虫medical protozoa 医学原虫medium body 中体memory T cell 记忆T细胞meningococcus 脑膜炎球菌merozoite 裂殖子metacercaria 囊蚴metachromatic granule 异染颗粒microbes 微生物microfilariae 微丝蚴microgametocyte 雄配子体microhemagglutination assay for antibodies to Treponema pallidum MHA-TP 梅毒螺旋体抗体微量血凝试验microorganism 微生物minimal bactericidal concentration, MBC最低杀菌浓度minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC最低抑菌浓度miracidium 毛蚴mite 螨mitogen 丝裂原mold 霉菌monoclonal antibody, McAb单克隆抗体monocyte单核细胞mononuclear-phagocyte单核吞噬细胞mosquito 蚊mouthcapsule 口囊mucosal immune system MIS 粘膜免疫系统multiple drugresistant bacterium, MDR 多重耐药菌mumps virus 腮腺炎病毒Musca domesticia 舍蝇mycelium菌丝体Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属Mycobacterium tuberculosis 结核分枝杆菌mycoplasma 支原体Mycoplasma pneumoniae肺炎支原体mycotoxins 真菌毒素NNecator americanus美洲板口线虫Negri body 内基小体Neisseria gonorrhoeae 淋病奈瑟菌Neisseria meningitides 脑膜炎奈瑟菌nematode 线虫neurotoxin神经毒素neutralizing antibody 中和抗体neutrophil 中性粒细胞nongonococcal urethritis, NGU 非淋菌性尿道炎normal flora of microbe 正常微生物群nucleus 细胞核nutrient medium 营养培养基Oobligate anaerobe专性厌氧菌operculum 卵盖oocyst 卵囊oral streptococcus 口腔链球菌oral sucker 口吸盘Ornithodoros papillies 乳突钝缘蜱ovary 卵巢ovum 卵细胞PP. aeruginosa铜绿假单胞菌Pagumogonimus skrjabini 斯氏狸殖吸虫Paragonimus westermani 卫氏并殖吸虫pathogen 致病菌，病原菌，病原体Pediculus humanus capitis人头虱Pediculus humanus corporis人体虱Penicillium 青霉菌peripheral blood monocuclear cells, PBMC 外周血单个核细胞Periplaneta americana 美洲大蠊phagocytes 吞噬细胞phagosome 吞噬体phytohemagglutinin, PHA 植物血凝素pinworm 蛲虫pilus或fimbriae 菌毛plaque forming cell, PFC 空斑形成细胞plasmid 质粒Plasmodium falciparum 恶性疟原虫Plasmodium vivax 间日疟原虫Plate 平板（平皿）Pneumocystis carinii卡氏肺孢子虫polymerase chain reaction, PCR多聚酶链反应precipitation reaction 沉淀反应promastigote 前鞭毛体protoscolex 原头节（原头蚴）psedocyst 假包囊pseudohypha 假菌丝pseudopodia 伪足Pthirus pubis 耻阴虱Pulex irritans致痒蚤pupa 蛹pyemia脓毒血症pyogenic coccus 化脓性球菌pyrogen 热原质pyrogenic exotoxin 致热外毒素Rrabies virus 狂犬病毒rapid plasma reagin, RPR 快速血浆反应素redia 雷蚴refractive granules 屈光颗粒rhinovirus 鼻病毒ring form 环状体Rotavirus 轮状病毒rubella virus风疹病毒roundworm 蛔虫SSabourand medium 沙保培养基Saccharomyces albicans白假丝酵母菌Salmonella 沙门菌属Salmonella-Shigella agar SS平板Sand flies 白蛉Sarcophaga sp麻蝇Sarcoptes scabiei 人疥螨SARS（severe acute respiratory syndrome,SARS）严重急性呼吸道综合症S.dysenteriae痢疾志贺菌S.hirschfeldii希氏沙门菌S.paratyphi A甲型副伤寒沙门菌S.schottmuelleri 肖氏沙门菌S.typhi伤寒沙门菌Schistosoma janonicum日本裂体吸虫scolex 头节schizont 裂殖体Schuffner’s dots 薛氏小点selective medium 选择培养基semi-solid medium 半固体培养基serological reaction 血清学反应sheep red blood cell, SRBC 羊红细胞Shigella志贺菌属single agar immuno diffusion test单向琼脂免疫扩散slant 斜面small wart 小疣solid medium 固体培养基sparganosis 裂头蚴spiral bacterium 螺形菌Spirochete螺旋体Spirometra mansoni曼氏迭宫绦虫spore 芽孢，孢子sporocyst 胞蚴sporozoa 孢子虫sporozoite 子孢子staphylococcus 葡萄球菌sterilization 灭菌stormy fermentation 汹涌发酵streptoavidin, SA 链霉亲和素streptococcus链球菌Streptococcus pneumoniae 肺炎链球菌streptolysin O, SLO 链球菌溶血素“O”strobila 链体superantigen, sAg 超抗原TT cell receptor, TCR T细胞受体T helper cell, Th 辅助T细胞T. rubrum 絮状表皮癣菌T lymphocyte transformation test T淋巴细胞转化实验tadpole-like embrgo 蝌蚪状胚胎Taenia saginata肥胖带吻绦虫Taenia solium链状带绦虫thick film 厚血膜thin film 薄血膜thread-like larva 线形幼虫ticks 蜱titer 滴度，效价toxeamia 毒血症Toxoplasma gondii 刚地弓形虫transmission electron microscope，TEM 透射式电镜trematode 吸虫Treponema. pallidum苍白密螺旋体(梅毒螺旋体) treponemal pallidum immobilizing，TPI 梅毒螺旋体制动试验Trichinella spiralis旋毛形线虫Trichomonas vaginalis阴道毛滴虫trichophyton毛癣菌Trichuris trichiura毛首鞭形线虫trophozoite 滋养体UU. urealyticum溶脲脲原体undulating membrane 波动膜unfertilized egg 未受精卵Vvacuole 空泡Vibrio cholerae霍乱弧菌vegetative hypha 营养菌丝vegetative mycelium 营养菌丝Vibrio弧菌属virus 病毒vaccine 疫苗vitelline membrane 卵黄膜WWestern blotting 蛋白印迹whipworm 鞭虫Widal test 肥达实验Wright staining 瑞氏染色Wuchereria bancrofti 班氏吴策线虫XXenopsylla cheopis 印鼠客蚤Yyeast酵母菌yeast type colony 酵母型菌落yeast-like colony 类酵母菌落yolk cell 卵黄细胞Zzoonosis 人兽共患病β-lactamase β-内酰胺酶。

免疫学中英文对照专业词汇（缩写首字母为E）E-(E+) E(erythrocyte)rosette-negative(positive)红细胞花环阴性或阳性EA antibody-coated sheep erythrocyte抗体致敏(包被)的绵羊红细胞E/A ratio enzyme／antibodyratio酶／抗体比率EA enzymeaceptor酶受体EAC erythrocyte-antibody-complementcomplex红细胞-抗体-补体复合物EAST enzyme allergosorbent test酶变应原吸附试验EB ethidim bromide溴化乙锭EBV Epstein-Barr virus EB病毒，非洲淋巴细胞瘤病毒ECF eosinophil chemotactic factor嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子ECLIA clectro-chemiluminescence immunoassay电化学发光免疫测定ECS electronic cell sorting电细胞分选ECM extracellular matrix，细胞外基质ED50 median effective dose半数有效剂量EDCI 1-ethyl-3—(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-carbodiimide 1-乙基-3-(3-甲氨基-丙基)碳二亚胺ED-PCR enzymatic detection of polymerase-chain reaction酶标聚合酶链反应EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid乙二胺四乙酸EGF epidermal growth factor表皮生长因子EGTA ethylene glycol bis-amino tetmacetate乙二醇双氨基四乙酸盐ED enzyme donor酶供体EIA enzyme immunoassay酶免疫测定ELISAenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay酶联免疫吸附试验ELISPOT enzyme-linked immunospot assay酶联免疫斑点试验EMAb endometrial antibody子宫内膜抗体EMAb eye muscle antibody眼肌抗体EMEM Eagle minimal essential medium Eagle基础培养液EMIT enzyme-multified immunoassay technique酶放大免疫测定技术EMS ethylmethane sulfonate磺化乙基甲烷ENA extractable nuclear antigen可提取的核抗原EPO erythropoietin，促红素，红细胞生成素ES embryonic stem cell胚胎干细胞ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate红细胞沉降率E/T ratio effector to target cell ratio效应细胞／靶细胞比率ETT essential thrombocythemia，原发性血小板增多症El estrone雌酮E2 estradiol雌二醇E3 estriol雌三醇EC external conjugate骶耻外径E/C E3/ creatinine雌三醇／肌酐ED early deceleration早期减速EDRFs endothelinum-derived relaxing factor血管内皮细胞舒张因子EE ethinyl estradiol炔雌醇EI eosinophilic index嗜伊红细胞指数EIA enzyme-immunoassay酶免疫试验EIN endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia子宫内膜上皮内瘤样病变ER estrogen receptor雌激素受体ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate红细胞沉降率ET endothelin内皮素EBV Epistein-Barr virus E-B病毒ECD-G1 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethy-aminopropyl)carbodiimide-HCL-Glutaldehyde 碳二亚酰胺-戊二醛ECM extracellular matrix细胞外基质ED50 median effective dose半数有效剂量EDTA ethylendiaminotetraacetic acid乙二氨四乙酸EK epidermal keratin表皮角蛋白ELISA enzyme-liked immunosorbent assay酶联免疫吸附分析EM electron microscope电镜ENK enkephalin脑啡肽L-ENA(L-NK)Leu-enkephalin亮氨酸-脑啡肽M-ENK(M-NK)met-enkephalin甲硫氨酸-脑啡肽ENS enteric nervous system肠神经系统β-EPβ-endorphin β-内啡肽。

医学免疫学英中文词汇Aaccessibility易接近性acetylcholine，Ach乙酰胆碱acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)acquired tolerance获得性免疫耐受activation-induc ed cell death，AICD，活化诱导的细胞凋亡active immunotherapy主动免疫疗法acute phase protein，APP急性期蛋白acute rejection 急性排斥反应acute vascular rejection，AVR急性血管性排斥adaptive immune system适应性免疫系统adaptive immunity适应性免疫adenosinedeaminase，ADA腺苷脱氨酶adhesionmolecule，AM黏附分子adjuvant佐剂adoptive immunity过继免疫adult thymectomy，AT成年胸腺切除术affinity亲和力affinitymaturation(抗体)亲和力成熟agglutination凝集反应alkalinephosphatase，AP碱性磷酸酶allergen变应原allergicinflammation，AI变态反应炎症alloantigen同种异型抗原allograft同种异基因移植allotype同种异型alpha-fetoprotein，√廿P甲胎球蛋白alternativepathway旁路(替代)途径anaphylatoxin过敏毒素anaphylaxis过敏反应ankylosingspondylitis，AS强直性脊柱炎antibodydependentcell-mediatedcytotoxicity，ADCC抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用antibody，Ab抗体，antigenpresentation抗原提呈antigenpresenting cell，APC抗原提呈细胞,antigen，Ag抗原,antigen-bindingfragment，Fab抗原结合片段,antigen-bindingsite抗原结合部位,antigenicdeterminant，AD抗原决定簇antigenic valence抗原结合价,antigenicity抗原性,anti-idiotype，Aid抗独特型anti—infectionimmunity抗感染免疫antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素apoptosis细胞凋亡artificial activeimmunization人工主动免疫artificialantigen人工抗原artificialpassiveimmunization人工被动免疫ataxiatelangiectasia，AT 毛细血管扩张性共济失调综合征atopy特应性attenuatedvaccine减毒活疫苗autoantigen 自身抗原autograft 自体移植autoimmune disease 自身免疫病autoimmunity自身免疫avidin亲和素(抗生物素蛋白)avidity亲合力azoprotein偶氮蛋白Bp barrel p桶状p lysin乙型溶素B cell receptor，BCR B细胞受体basophil嗜碱粒细胞Bence-Jones protem本周蛋白bbfunction anibody，B{Ab双功能抗体Bioinformaties生物信息学biological response modifier，BRM 生物应答调节剂biotin生物素,biotin-avidinsystem，BAS生物素一亲和素系统bi-specificantibody，BsAb双特异抗体bone marrow骨髓bovine gammaglobulin，BGG牛丙种球蛋白bradykinin缓激肽bursa ofFabricius法氏囊bursa or bonemarfow dependentlymphocyte法氏囊或骨髓依赖的淋巴细胞(B细胞)CC reactionprotein，CRP C反应蛋白C1 inhibitor，C1INH C1抑制物C3b inactivatorC3b灭活因子(I因子)CA bindingprotein，CAbp CA结合蛋白Cadherin钙黏蛋白Calnexin钙联蛋白carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌胚抗原carrier载体carrier effect载体效应Caspase半胱天冬蛋白酶CD40 ligand，CD40LCIM0配体cell surfacemarker细胞表面标记cellularrejection细胞性排斥反应central immuneorgan中枢免疫器官central tolerance中枢耐受centroblast生发中心母细胞chemokine趋化因子chemotaxis趋化性chimeric antibody嵌合抗体chronic rejection慢性排斥反应class11-associatedinvariant chainpeptide，CLIP Ⅱ类相关的恒定链肽段classical pathway经典途径clonal anergy克隆无能clonal deletion克隆清除clonal selectiontheory克隆选择学说cluster ofdifferentiation，CD分化群codominance共显性collagen，CA胶原蛋白colony formingunit-culture，CFU-C体外培养集落形成单位colony formingunit-spleen，CFU-S 脾集落形成单位colonystimulating factor，CSF集落刺激因子committed stem cell定向干细胞common antigen共同抗原complement dependent cytotoxicity，CDC 补体依赖的细胞毒complement receptor，CR补体受体complement system 补体系统complement，C补体complementarity determining region，CDR互补决定区complete antigen 完全抗原concanavalin A，ConA刀豆蛋白Aconformational determinant构象决定簇conjugate vaccine 结合疫苗constant region，C区恒定区Coombs test抗球蛋白试验coreceptor共受体cortex皮质区co-stimulatorymoleculereceptor，CMR 协同刺激分子受体co-stimulatorymolecule，CM协同刺激分子cross-reaction交叉反应crystallizablefragment，Fe可结晶片段CTL antigen-4，Cn。

医学免疫学英中文词汇Aaccessibility易接近性acetylcholine，Ach乙酰胆碱acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病)acquired tolerance获得性免疫耐受activation-induced cell death，AICD，活化诱导的细胞凋亡active immunotherapy主动免疫疗法acute phase protein，APP急性期蛋白acute rejection 急性排斥反应acute vascular rejection，AVR急性血管性排斥adaptive immune system适应性免疫系统adaptive immunity适应性免疫adenosinedeaminase，ADA腺苷脱氨酶adhesionmolecule，AM黏附分子adjuvant佐剂adoptiveimmunity过继免疫adult thymectomy，AT成年胸腺切除术affinity亲和力affinitymaturation(抗体)亲和力成熟agglutination凝集反应alkalinephosphatase，AP碱性磷酸酶allergen变应原allergicinflammation，AI变态反应炎症alloantigen同种异型抗原allograft同种异基因移植allotype同种异型alpha-fetoprotein，√廿P甲胎球蛋白alternativepathway旁路(替代)途径anaphylatoxin过敏毒素anaphylaxis过敏反应ankylosingspondylitis，AS强直性脊柱炎antibodydependent cell-mediatedcytotoxicity，ADCC抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用antibody，Ab抗体，antigenpresentation抗原提呈antigenpresenting cell，APC抗原提呈细胞,antigen，Ag抗原,antigen-bindingfragment，Fab抗原结合片段,antigen-bindingsite抗原结合部位,antigenicdeterminant，AD抗原决定簇antigenicvalence抗原结合价,antigenicity抗原性,anti-idiotype，Aid抗独特型anti—infectionimmunity抗感染免疫antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素apoptosis细胞凋亡artificialactiveimmunization人工主动免疫artificialantigen人工抗原artificialpassiveimmunization人工被动免疫ataxiatelangiectasia，AT 毛细血管扩张性共济失调综合征atopy特应性attenuatedvaccine减毒活疫苗autoantigen 自身抗原autograft 自体移植autoimmune disease 自身免疫病autoimmunity自身免疫avidin亲和素(抗生物素蛋白)avidity亲合力azoprotein偶氮蛋白Bp barrel p桶状p lysin乙型溶素B cell receptor，BCR B细胞受体basophil嗜碱粒细胞Bence-Jones protem本周蛋白bbfunction anibody，B{Ab双功能抗体Bioinformaties生物信息学biologicalresponsemodifier，BRM 生物应答调节剂biotin生物素,biotin-avidinsystem，BAS生物素一亲和素系统bi-specificantibody，BsAb双特异抗体bone marrow骨髓bovine gammaglobulin，BGG牛丙种球蛋白bradykinin缓激肽bursa ofFabricius法氏囊bursa or bonemarfow dependentlymphocyte法氏囊或骨髓依赖的淋巴细胞(B细胞)CC reactionprotein，CRP C反应蛋白C1 inhibitor，C1INH C1抑制物C3b inactivatorC3b灭活因子(I因子)CA bindingprotein，CAbp CA结合蛋白Cadherin钙黏蛋白Calnexin钙联蛋白carcinoembryonicantigen，CEA癌胚抗原carrier载体carrier effect载体效应Caspase半胱天冬蛋白酶CD40 ligand，CD40L CIM0配体cell surfacemarker细胞表面标记cellularrejection细胞性排斥反应central immuneorgan中枢免疫器官centraltolerance 中枢耐受centroblast生发中心母细胞chemokine趋化因子chemotaxis趋化性chimericantibody嵌合抗体chronicrejection慢性排斥反应class 11-associatedinvariant chainpeptide，CLIP Ⅱ类相关的恒定链肽段classicalpathway经典途径clonal anergy克隆无能clonal deletion克隆清除clonal selectiontheory克隆选择学说cluster ofdifferentiation，CD分化群codominance共显性collagen，CA胶原蛋白colony formingunit-culture，CFU-C体外培养集落形成单位colony forming unit-spleen，CFU-S 脾集落形成单位colonystimulating factor，CSF集落刺激因子committed stem cell定向干细胞common antigen共同抗原complement dependent cytotoxicity，CDC 补体依赖的细胞毒complement receptor，CR补体受体complementsystem补体系统complement，C补体complementarity determining region，CDR互补决定区complete antigen 完全抗原concanavalin A，ConA刀豆蛋白Aconformational determinant构象决定簇conjugatevaccine结合疫苗constant region，C区恒定区Coombs test抗球蛋白试验coreceptor共受体cortex皮质区co-stimulatorymoleculereceptor，CMR 协同刺激分子受体co-stimulatorymolecule，CM协同刺激分子cross-reaction交叉反应crystallizablefragment，Fe可结晶片段CTL antigen-4，Cn。

免疫学名词解释大全1.免疫（immunity）2.免疫学（immunology）3.固有免疫（innate immunity）4.适应性免疫（adaptive immunity）5.反向免疫学（reverse immunology）6.免疫系统（immune system）7.免疫组织（immune tissue）8.免疫细胞（immunocyte）9.免疫分子（immune molecule）10.中枢免疫器官（central immune organ）11.外周免疫器官（peripheral immune organ）12.黏膜相关淋巴组织（mucosal-associated lymphoid tisse, MALT）13.胸腺依赖区（thymus-dependent area）14.非胸腺依赖区（thymus-independent area）15.淋巴细胞再循环（lymphocyte recirculation）16.抗原（antigen，Ag）17.半抗原（hapten）18.抗原表位（epitope）19.顺序表位（sequential epitope）20.构象表位(conformational epitope)21.交叉反应（cross reaction）22.胸腺依赖性抗原（TD-Ag）23.同种异型抗原（allogenic antigen）24.自身抗原（autoantigen）25.独特型抗原（idiotypic antigen）26.超抗原（superantigen, sAg）27.佐剂（adjuvant）28.抗体（antibody, Ab）29.免疫球蛋白（immunoglobulin, Ig）30.决定互补区（complementarity-determining region，CDR）31.高变区（hypervarible region, HVR）32.同种型（isotype）33.同种异型（allotype）34.独特型（idiotype, Id）35.调理作用（opsonization）36.抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒作用（antibody dependent cell-mediatedcytotoxicity，ADCC）37.单克隆抗体（monoclonal antibody，McAb）38.骨架区（framework region, FR）39.免疫球蛋白超家族（immunoglobulin superfamily, IgSF）40.多克隆抗体（polyclonal antibody, pAb）41.基因工程抗体（genetic engineering antibody）42.补体（complement, C）43.C3转化酶（C3 convertase）44.C5化酶（C5 convertase）45.补体活化的经典途径（classical pathway of complement activation）46.补体活化的旁路途径（alternative pathway of complement activati on）47.补体活化的MBL途径（mannan-binding pathway of complement activ ation）48.膜攻复合体（membrane attack complex，MAC）49.细胞因子（cytokine）50.白细胞介素（interleukin, IL）51.干扰素（interferon, IFN）52.集落刺激因子（colony-stimulating factor，CSF）53.趋化性细胞因子（chemokine）54.生长因子（growth factor, GF）55.肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor, TNF）56.自分泌（autocrine）57.旁分泌（paracrine）58.内分泌（endocrine）59.白细胞分化抗原（leukocyte differenciation antigen）60.分化群（cluster of differenciation，CD）61.黏附分子（cell-adheresion molecules，CAM）62.整合素家族（integrin family）63.选择素家族（selectin family）64.主要组织相容性复合体（major histocompatibility complex，MHC）65.人类白细胞抗原（human leukocyte antigen，HLA）66.低分子量多肽（low molecular-weight polypeptide, LMP）67.抗原加工相关转运体（transporter associated with antigen proces sing, TAP）68.MHC多态性（MHC polymorphism）69.HLA基因分型（HLA genotyping）70.连锁不平衡（linkage disequilibrium）71.单元型（haplotype）72.锚定残基（anchor residue）73.MHC限制性（MHC restriction）74.固有免疫（innate immunity）75.病原相关分子模式（pathogen associated molecular pattern）76.表面模式识别受体（pattern recognition receptor，PRR）77.调理性受体（opsonic receptor）78.抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒作用（ADCC）79.杀伤细胞活化受体（killer activatory receptor，KAR）80.杀伤细胞抑制受体（killer inhibitory receptor,KIR）81.TCR-CD3复合体（T cell antigen receptor-CD3 complex）82.免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序（ITAM）83.协同刺激信号（costimulatory signal）84.初始T细胞（naïve T cell)85.记忆性T细胞（memory T cell)86.穿孔素（perforin)87.颗粒酶（granuzyme)88. BCR复合体（B cell antigen receptor complex）89.B-1细胞（B-1 cell)90.多反应性B-1细胞（polyreactivity B-1 cell)91.造血干细胞（hemopoietic stem cell， HSC）92.多能干细胞（multipotential stem cell)：93.定向干细胞（committed stem cell)94.等位基因排斥（allelic gene exclusion）95.同种型基因排斥(isotype exclusion)96.微生物屏障（microcrobe barrier)97.血脑屏障（blood-brain barrier)98.血胎屏障（blood-placenta barrier)99.防御素（defensin)100.分泌型PRR（secretory PRR)101.Toll样受体 (Toll like receptor)102.C反应蛋白（C-reaction protein,CRP）103.抗原提呈细胞（antigen-presenting cell,APC）104.胞吞作用（phagocytosis ）105.蛋白酶体（low molecular-weight polypeptidｅ，ＬＭＰ）106.抗原加工相关转运体（transporter of antigenic peptide,TAP）107.Ⅱ类相关恒定链短肽（classII-associated invariant chain peptid e,CLIP）108.初始T细胞（naive T cell）109.抗原识别（antigen recognition）110.T细胞活化双信号（double signal of T cell actization）111.信号转导（signal transduction）112.遗传性限制(MHC restriction)113.共刺激分子（co-stimulatory molecule）114.协同刺激信号（co-stimulatory signal）115.活化诱导的凋亡（activation induced cell death,AICD）116.免疫突触（immunological synapse）117.免疫应答（immune response）118.初次免疫应答（primary response）119.二次免疫应答(secondary response)120.抗原受体编辑（receptor editing）121.体细胞性高频突变（somatic hypermutation）122.Ig（同种型）类别转换（class switch）123.Ig亲和力成熟(affinity maturation)124.免疫调节（regulation of immune response）125.自然调节T细胞(innate regulatory T cells)126.适应性调节T细胞(adaptive regulatory T cells)127.独特型(idiotypes)128.抗独特型抗体(anti-idiotype antibodies)129.FcgRⅡ-B130.抗原内影像(internal image)131.Fas132.活化诱导的细胞凋亡AICD133.Caspase134免疫耐受（immunological tolerance）135中枢耐受（central tolerance）136.外周耐受( peripheral tolerance)137.克隆消除( clonal deletion)138.克隆无能(clonal anergy)139.免疫忽视(immunological ignorance)140.耐受分离(split tolerance)141.低带耐受(low-zone tolerance)142.高带耐受（high-zone tolerance）143.免疫隔离部位(immunologically privileged sites) 144.超敏反应（hypersensitivity）145.变应原(allergens)146.Ⅰ型超敏反应(hypersensitivity-type Ⅰ)147.Ⅱ型超敏反应(hypersensitivity-type Ⅱ)148.Ⅲ型超敏反应(hypersensitivity-type Ⅲ)149.Ⅳ型超敏反应(hypersensitivity-type Ⅳ)150.自身免疫性疾病（autoimmune disease）151.类风湿因子（rheumatoid factor, RF）152.分子模拟（molecular mimicry）153.表位扩展（epitope spreading）154.免疫缺陷病（immunodeficiency disease，IDD）155.原发性免疫缺陷病（primary Immunodeficiency disease, PIDD）156.重症联合免疫缺陷病（severe combined-immunodeficiency disease, SCID)157.获得性免疫缺陷病（acquired immunodeficiency disease, AIDD）158.获得性免疫缺陷综合征（acquired immune deficiency syndrome，AI DS）159.肿瘤抗原(tumor antigen)160.肿瘤特异性抗原(TSA)161.肿瘤相关抗原(TAA)162.分化抗原（differentiation antigen）163.抗原调变(antigen modulation)164.肿瘤漏逸(sneaking through)165.增强抗体(enhancing antibody)166.供者(donor)167.受者( recipient)168.自体移植(autograft)169.同种同基因移植(syngraft)170.同种异基因移植(allograft)171.异种移植(xenograft)172.原位移植(orthotopic)173.异位移植(heterotopic)174.同种异型反应(alloreaction)175.异种反应(xenoreaction)176.移植物抗宿主反应（GVHR）177.过客白细胞（passenger leukocyte）178.酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）179.放射免疫分析法（RIA）180.免疫荧光技术(immunofluorescence)181.凝集反应（agglutination）182.直接凝集反应183.间接凝集反应184.免疫电泳(immunoelectrophoresis)185.流式细胞术(flow cytometry)186.沉淀反应(precipitation)187.免疫比浊(immunonephelonetry)188.人工主动免疫（artificial active immunization）189.灭活疫苗(inactived vaccine)190.减毒活疫苗(live-attenuated vaccine)191.类毒素(toxiod)192.人工被动免疫(artificial passive immunization) 193.佐剂(adjuvant)194.计划免疫(planed immunization)195.亚单位疫苗(subunit vaccine)196.结合疫苗(conjugate vaccine)197.合成肽疫苗(synthenic peptide vaccine)198.免疫治疗(immunotherapy)。

免疫学词汇（中英文）Glossary词汇表accessory cell辅助细胞acute phase proteins急性期蛋白adaptive acquired immune response适应性获得免疫反应ADCC(antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity 抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性作用adhesion molecules黏着分子adjuvant佐剂，辅助剂affinity maturation亲和力成熟allele等位基因allelic exclusion等位基因排斥allergy过敏|过敏症|变态反应allogeneic异体移植物allograft同种异体移植|异体移植|移植物allotypes 同种异型抗免疫球蛋白alternate pathway替代途径anaphylatoxins过敏毒素anaphylaxis过敏反应，过敏性anergy（clonal）无反应性（无性系的|纯系的）antibody(immunoglobulin)抗体（免疫球蛋白）antigen抗原antigen-bingding site（paratope）抗原结合位点（抗体结合部位；抗体决定簇）antigen presentation抗原呈递antigen presenting cell抗原呈递细胞apotosis凋亡autograft自身移植物，自身移植术autoreactivity自身反应性B7 molecules（B7.1:CD80;B7.2:CD86）basophils嗜碱性粒细胞B cells B细胞Bcl-2 （B cell lymphoma-2 淋巴瘤）/ B cell lewkmia-2白血病）Bone marrow骨髓Bone marrow chimera骨髓嵌合体calcineurin磷酸酶caspases凋亡蛋白酶CD（clusters of differentiation）分化丛Cell adhesion molecules（CAMs）细胞黏着分子cellular immunity细胞免疫centroblasts生发中心母细胞centrocytes中心细胞chemokine趋化因子、趋化素、趋化激素classical complement pathway补体经典途径clonal selection theory克隆选择学说complementary determining regions（CDRs）互补决定区complement system补体系统cortex皮质、皮层、脑皮层co-stimulatory molecules共刺激分子cyclosporin A环孢菌素Acytokines细胞因子、细胞激素D（diversity）gene segment多样性基因片段Diapedesis血球渗出eosinophils嗜酸性球，嗜曙红细胞epitope表位FAS细胞凋亡因子follicular dendritic cells滤泡状树突状细胞germinal centers（20 follicles）次级淋巴小结（follicles淋巴结）graft-versus-host diseases（GVHD）移植物抗宿主病granulocyte粒性白细胞granzymes A,B颗粒酶A,Bgut-associated lymphoid tissue（GALT）肠相关淋巴组织（gut肠，lymphoid tissue淋巴组织）haplotype单体型heavy chain重链helper T cells（Th）辅助T细胞hematopoiesis造血作用、血细胞生成high endothelial venules（HEV）高内皮细胞小静脉histamine组织胺histocompatibility组织相容性HIV（human immunodeficiency virus）人类免疫缺陷病毒HLA（human leukocyte antigen）人类白细胞抗原humoral immunity体液免疫hypersensitivity超敏反应、超敏性hypervariable regions超变区、高变区iccosomesidiotype个体基因型；个体遗传型；特异基因型immunogen免疫原immunoglobulin superfamily免疫球蛋白超家族immunophilins亲免单白、亲免素immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs（ITAMs）免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序immunosuppressive drugs免疫抑制药物inflammatory response炎性反应innate immunity先天免疫、自然免疫integrinsn. 整合蛋白、整合素interferons（IFN）干扰素interleukin白介素、白细胞介素intraepithelial lymphocytes（IEL）上皮内淋巴细胞intron内含子invariant chain恒定链isograft同基因移植物（同卵双胎之间，或同系动物之间）；同系移植物isotypes同种型isotype switching同种型转换langerhans cell朗格汉斯细胞large granular lymphocytes（LGLs）大颗粒淋巴细胞leukocyte白血球leukotrienes白三烯light chain轻链（免疫球蛋白）L-selectinL选择素lymph nodes淋巴结lymphopoiesis淋巴细胞增殖，淋巴组织生成lymphotoxin淋巴毒素macrophage巨噬细胞major histocompatibility complex（MHC）主要组织相容性复合体mantle zone冠状带marginal zone and sinus边缘区和静脉窦mast cells肥大细胞medulla髓质membrane attack complex（MAC）膜攻击复合物MHC restriction主要组织相容性原限制性microfold（M）cells微褶皱细胞monocytes单核细胞，单核白细胞mucosal associated lymphoid tissue（MALT）黏膜相关淋巴组织natural killer（NK）cells自然杀伤细胞necrosis细胞坏死neutrophils中性粒白细胞，噬中性球nude mice裸小鼠opsonization调理素作用paratope抗体结合部位；抗体决定簇；互补位；补位或对perforin穿孔蛋白、穿孔素periarteriolar lymphoid sheath（PALS）淋巴鞘phagocytosis吞噬作用platelets血小板polymorphism多态性primary follicles初级卵泡primary lymphoid organs原发性淋巴器官、初级淋巴器官、一级淋巴器官programmed cell death细胞程序性死亡proteosome蛋白酶体proto-oncogens原癌基因receptor editing受体编辑recombination activating genes（RAG-1,RAG-2）重组激活基因red pulp of spleen脾脏红髓secondary immune response二次免疫应答selectins选择素、选择蛋白sepsis脓毒症、败血症、脓毒病、败血病serotonin（5-hydroxytryptamine）血清素（5-羟色）somatic cell hypermutation体细胞高度突变、体细胞高频突变stem cells干细胞stroma基质、间质组织superantigens超级抗原surface immunoglobulin表面免疫球蛋白surrogate light chainsyngeneic同系基因型TAP-1 and TAP-2（transporters associated with antigen processing）抗原处理相关运输蛋白T cell receptorT细胞受体terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase（TdT）末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶transgenic animal转基因动物tumor immunology肿瘤免疫学tyrosine kinase酪氨酸激酶V（variable）gene segment可变基因区段white pulp白髓xenogeneic异种的，异种基因的xenograft异种移植、异种移植物。

AAcquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病） Acquired immunity 获得性免疫Activation induced cell death, AICD 活化诱导的细胞死亡Active immunotherapy 主动免疫治疗Acute phase protein 急性时相蛋白Adapter 转接蛋白Adaptive immunity 适应性免疫Addressin 地址素Adenosine deaminase 腺苷脱氨酶Adjuvant 佐剂Adoptive immunity 过继免疫Adoptive immunotherapy， AIT 过继免疫治疗Affinity 亲和力Affinity maturation 亲和力成熟Agglutination 凝集反应Allelic exclusion 等位排斥Allergen 变应原Allergin 变应素Allergy 变态反应Allogenic antigen 同种异型抗原Allograft 同种异型移植Allotype 同种异型Allorecognition 同种异型识别Alpha-fetoprotein, AFP 甲种胎儿球蛋白Alternative pathway 旁路途径Anamnestic response 回忆应答Anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克Anaphylactogen 过敏原Anaphylaxis 过敏反应Anchor residue 锚定残基Ankylosing spondylitis, AS 强直性脊柱炎Antibacterial immune serum 抗菌免疫血清Antibody, Ab 抗体Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC 抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作用Antiviral immune serum 抗病毒免疫血清Antigen, Ag 抗原Antigenic determinant 抗原决定簇Antigen internal image 抗原内影像Antigen-presenting cells, APC 抗原提呈细胞Antigen specific immune response 抗原特异性免疫应答Antigenicity 抗原性Anti-idiotype 抗独特型Antitoxic serum 抗毒素血清Apoptosis 细胞凋亡Apoptosis cell associated molecular pattern, ACAMP凋亡细胞相关的分子模式 Apoptotic body 凋亡小体Artificial active immunization 人工主动免疫Artificial passive immunization 人工被动免疫Ataxia telangiectasia syndrome, AT 毛细血管扩张共济失调综合征 Atopic dermatitisAutocrineAutograftAutoimmune antibodyAutoimmune disease, AIDAutoimmune hemolytic anemiaAutoimmune thrombocytopenic purpuraAutoimmunityBBacillus Calmette Guerin, BCGBare lymphocyte syndrome, BLSBasophilB cell epitope BB cell hybridoma BB cell linker ptotein, BLNKB cell receptor, BCRBiotin-avidin system, BASBispecific antibody, BsAbBlocking antibodyB lymphocyteBone marrowBone marrow transplantation, BMTBradykininCC1 inhibitor, C1 INHC4 binding protein,C8 binding protein, C8bpC-reactive protein,CRPCadherinCalcineurinCalmodulinCarcinoembryonic antigen, CEACarrierCecropinsCell adhesion molecules, CAM 特应性皮炎自分泌自体移植自身抗体自身免疫性疾病自身免疫性溶血性贫血自身免疫性血小板减少性紫癜自身免疫卡介苗裸淋巴细胞综合征嗜碱性粒细胞细胞表位细胞杂交瘤 B 细胞连接蛋白 B 细胞（抗原识别）受体生物素-亲和素系统双特异性抗体封闭抗体 B淋巴细胞骨髓骨髓移植缓激肽C1抑制分子 C4bp C4 结合蛋 C8 结合蛋白 C-反应蛋白钙粘蛋白钙神经素（钙调磷酸酶）钙调蛋白癌胚抗原载体杀菌肽细胞粘附分子hediak-Higashi syndrome Chediak-Higashi综合征 Chemokine 趋化性细胞因子 Chimeric antibody 嵌合抗体Chronic granulomatous disease, CGD 慢性肉芽肿病 Class Ⅱtransactivator, C ⅡTA Ⅱ类反式活化子 Class switch 类别转换Classical pathway 经典途径Clonal anergy 克隆无能Clonal deletion 克隆删除Clonal eliminationClonal expansionCluster of differentiation, CDColony stimulating factor, CSFCommon variable immunodeficiencyComplementComplement deficiencyComplement receptorComplementarity determining region, CDRComplete antigenConcanavalin A, Con AConformational determinantConstant regionCo-receptorCo-stimulating signalCo-stimulatory molecules, CMCo-stimulatory molecule receptor, CMR Cross reactionCryptic determinantCytokine, CKCytolytic typeCytotoxic typeCytotoxic T lymphocytes, CTL 或 Tc Cytotoxic T lymphocytes antigen-4, CTLA-4 DDecay accelerating factor, DAFDefensinsDelayed type hypersensitivity, DTHDelayed type hypersensitivity T cell, T DTH Dendritic cells, DCDiGeorge syndromeDiversity geneDNA vaccineDonorDouble immunodiffusion 克隆消除克隆扩增分化群集落刺激因子普通变化型免疫缺陷病补体补体缺陷补体受体互补性决定区完全抗原刀豆蛋白A 构象决定基恒定区，C区辅助受体协同刺激信号协同刺激分子协同刺激分子受体交叉反应隐蔽决定基细胞因子细胞溶解型细胞毒型细胞毒性T细胞细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（相关）抗原 4 衰变加速因子防御素迟发型超敏反应迟发型超敏反应性T细胞树突状细胞 DiGeorge综合征 D（多样化）基因 DNA疫苗供者双向免疫扩散Double negative cell, DN cell 双阴性细胞Double positive cell, DP cell 双阳性细胞EE rosette test E 花结试验Early phase reaction 早期相反应Endocytosis 胞吞作用Enzyme immunoassay, EIA 酶免疫测定Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA 酶联免疫吸附试验Eosinophil, Eos 嗜酸性粒细胞Eosinophil chemotactic factor, ECF 嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子Eosinophil peroxidase, EPO 嗜酸性粒细胞过氧化物酶 Epitope 表位Erythropoietin, EPO 红细胞生成素Extracellular matrix, ECM 细胞外基质F Fc receptor, FcR 结晶片断受体，Fc受体 Flow cytometry, FCM 流式细胞术Fluorescence-activated cell sorter, FACS 荧光活化细胞分类器 Follicular dendritic cells, FDC 滤泡树突状细胞 Fragment antigen binding, Fab 抗原结合片断Fragment crystallizable, Fc 结晶片断Fragment of variable region Fv 片断Framework region 骨架区Freund complete adjuvant 弗氏完全佐剂GGenetic engineering antibody 基因工程抗体Germ line gene 胚系基因Germinal center 生发中心Glycosylphosphatidylinositol, GPI 糖磷脂酰肌醇Graft versus host reaction, GVHR 移植物抗宿主反应 Granule exocytosis 颗粒胞吐Granulocyte colony stimulating factor, G-CSF 粒细胞集落刺激因子 Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, GM-CSF 粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 Granzyme, Gz 颗粒酶Grave disease 毒性弥漫性甲状腺炎 Growth factor 生长因子Growth factor receptor binding protein-2，Grb-2 生长因子受体结合蛋白 2 Guanine nucleotide exchange factor, GEF 鸟苷酸置换因子Gut-associated lymphoid tissue, GALT 肠伴随（相关）淋巴组织 HHaplotype 单元型Hapten 半抗原Hashimoto’s thyroiditis 桥本甲状腺炎Heat shock protein, HSP 热休克蛋白Heavy chain 重链，H 链Helper T cells(lymphocytes), Th 辅助性 T 细胞 Hemolytic plaque assay 溶血空斑试验 Hemopoietic stem cell, HSC 造血干细胞 Heterophil antigen 异嗜性抗原 Hidden antigen 隐蔽抗原High endothelial venule, HEV 高内皮细胞小静脉 Hinge region 铰链区Histamin 组胺Histocompatibility antigen-2, H-2HLA genotypingHomologous restriction factor, HRFHost versus graft reaction, HVGRHuman immunodeficiency virus, HIVHuman leukocyte antigen,HLAHumanized antibodyHumoral immunity Hypersensitivity Hypervariable region, HVRIIdiotype, IdIdiotype networkImmediate hypersensitivity Immune adherent, IAImmune complex, ICImmune function related gene Immune regulationImmune responseImmune response region Immune serumImmune surveillanceImmune systemImmunityImmunocyteImmunodeficiency disease, IDD Immunofluorescence Immunogenicity'\ Immunoglobulin, IgImmunoglobulin superfamily, IgSFImmunohistochemistry techniqueImmunological competenceImmunological ignorance , ;Immunological toleranceImmunological non-responsiveness 小鼠的组织相容性抗原HLA 基因分型同源限制因子宿主抗移植物反应人类免疫缺陷病毒人类白细胞抗原人源化抗体体液免疫超敏反应高变独特型独特型网络速发型超敏反应免疫粘附免疫复合物免疫功能相关基因免疫调节免疫应答免疫应答区免疫血清免疫监视免疫系统免疫免疫细胞免疫缺陷病免疫荧光法免疫原性免疫球蛋白免疫球蛋白超家族免疫组化技术免疫适能免疫忽视免疫耐受免疫不应答Immunologically privileged sites 免疫隔离部位Immunology 免疫学Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs, ITAM 免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序 Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs, ITIM 免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序 Immunotherapy 免疫治疗Inactivated vaccine 灭活疫苗Inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS 诱导型一氧化氮合成酶Inflammatory cell 炎症细胞Innate immunity 固有（性）免疫'\ Inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate,IP3Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDMIntercellular adhesion molecular,ICAMIntegrinInterferon, IFNInterleukin, ILInternalizationImtraepithelial lymphocytes, IELJJoining chainJoining geneKKiller activatory receptor, KARKiller inhibitory receptor, KIRKiller immunoglobulin like receptorKininogenaseLLangerhans cells, LCLarge granular lymphcytes, LGLsLate phase reactionLectinLectin-like carbohydrate recognition domain, CRDLeucine rich repeat, LRRLeukinLeukocyte adhesion deficiency, LADLeukocyte common antigen, LCALeukocyte differentiation antigen, LDALeukotrienes (Leucotrienes), LTsLigandLight chainLinker for activation of T cell, LATLinear determinantLinkage disequilibriumLipoteichoic acid, LTALipoxygenase pathway 三磷酸肌醇胰岛素依赖型糖尿病细胞间粘附分子整合素干扰素白细胞介素内化上皮细胞间淋巴细胞 J链J基因杀伤细胞活化受体杀伤细胞抑制受体杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体激肽原酶郎格汉斯细胞大颗粒淋巴细胞晚期相反应凝集素凝集素样糖识别结构域富含亮氨酸的重复序列白细胞素白细胞粘附缺陷白细胞共同抗原白细胞分化抗原白三烯配基，配体轻链，L 链 T细胞活化连接蛋白线性决定基连锁不平衡磷壁酸脂氧合酶途径Live-attenuated vaccine 减毒活疫苗Long-acting thyroid stimulator, LATS 长效甲状腺刺激素Low molecular-weight polypeptide, LMP 低分子量多肽LPS binding protein, LBP LPS结合蛋白Lymphocyte 淋巴细胞Lymphocyte function associated antigen, LFA 淋巴细胞功能相关抗原 Lymphocyte homing 淋巴细胞归巢Lymphocyte homing receptor, LHR 淋巴细胞归巢受体Lymphoid DC 淋巴系树突状细胞Lymphoid progenitor 淋巴样祖细胞Lymphoid stem cells, LSC 淋巴样干细胞Lymphokine, LK 淋巴因子Lymphokine activated killer cell, LAK 淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞 Lymphotoxin, LT 淋巴毒素β -lysin 乙型溶素Lysosome-associated membrane proteins-1,LAMP-1 溶酶体相关膜蛋白1 Lysozyme 溶菌酶MMacrophages, M φ 巨噬细胞Macrophage colony stimulating factor, M-CSF 巨噬细胞集落刺激因子 Macropinocytosis 巨吞饮Magainins 爪蟾抗菌肽Major histocompatibility complex, MHC 主要组织相容性复合体 Mannan-binding lectin, MBL 甘露糖结合凝集素Mannose binding protein, MBP 甘露糖结合蛋白Mannose receptor, MR 甘露糖受体Mast cell, MC 肥大细胞MBL-associated serine protease, MASP MBL 伴随的丝氨酸蛋白酶 Membrane attack complex, MAC 膜攻击复合物Membrane cofactor protein, MCP 膜辅助因子蛋白Membrane Ig, mIg 膜表面免疫球蛋白Membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis, MIRL 膜反应性溶解抑制物 Memory cells 记忆细胞MHC class Ⅰgene MHC Ⅰ类基因MHC class Ⅱgene MHC Ⅱ类基因MHC class Ⅲgene MHC Ⅲ类基因MHC restriction MHC 限制性Microfold cell M细胞，微小褶皱细胞β 2-Microglobulin, β2 -m β2 微球蛋白Minor histocompatibility antigen 次要组织相容性抗原 Mitog en 丝裂原Mitogen-activation protein kinase, MAPK 丝裂原激活蛋白激酶 Molecular mimicry 分子模拟Monoclonal antibody, McAb 单克隆抗体第7 / 11页Monocyte 单核细胞Monocyte chemotactic protein, MCP 单核细胞趋化蛋白Monokine, MK 单核因子Mononuclear-phagocyte system, MPS 单核-巨噬细胞系统Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue, MALT 粘膜伴随（相关）淋巴组织 Mucosal mast cell, MMC 粘膜肥大细胞Multiple hematopoietic stem cells, HSC 多能造血干细胞Multiple sclerosis, MS 多发性硬化症Myasthenia gravis, MG 重症肌无力Myeloid DCMyeloid stem cellMyeloperoxidase, MPONNaive T(B) cellsNatural cytotoxic cellNature killer cell, NK cellNeutrophilsNitric oxide, NONitroblue tetrazolium, NBTNon-classical MHC class ⅠgeneNon-organ specific autoimmune diseaseNon-specific immunityNude miceOOpsonizationOrgan specific autoimmune diseasePParacrineParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobineria, PHNPassive immunotherapy ,Passive transfer of lymphocytePathogen associated molecular pattern, PAMPPattern recognition receptor, PRRPeptide antibioticsPeptidoglycan, PGNPerforinPeripheral lymphoid organPeyer’s patchesPhagocytePhagocytosisPhagolysosomePhosphatidylinnosital pathway 髓系树突状细胞髓样干细胞髓过氧化物酶初始T(B)细胞自然细胞毒性细胞自然杀伤细胞嗜中性粒细胞一氧化氮氮蓝四唑非经典性Ⅰ类基因非器官特异性自身免疫病非特异性免疫裸小鼠，裸鼠调理作用器官特异性自身免疫病旁分泌夜间血红蛋白尿被动免疫治疗淋巴细胞被动转移病原相关分子模式模式识别受体肽抗菌肽聚糖穿孔素外周淋巴器官派氏集合淋巴结吞噬细胞吞噬作用吞噬溶酶体 PI途径第8 / 11页Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase, PI3-K 磷脂酰肌醇3激酶Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, PIP 2 磷脂酰肌醇4，5二磷酸 Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 磷脂酰肌醇3，4，5三磷酸 Phosphatidylserine, PS 磷脂酰丝氨酸Phosphoinositides 磷酸肌醇Phospholipase 磷脂酶Phospholipid bilineurine 磷脂胆碱Phosphotylinositide-3 kinase 磷酸肌醇-3激酶Phytohemagglutinin, PHA 植物血凝素PinocytosisPinocytotic vesiclePlacental γ globulinPlaque forming cell, PFCPlasma cellsPlatelet activating factor, PAFPolymeric Ig receptor, pIgRPolymorphismPolymorphic genesPolymorphonuclear neutrophils, PMN PrecipitationPrimary immunodeficiency disease, PIDD Primary responsePro-B cellprofessional antigen presenting cells Programmed cell death, PCDProperdin, PProstaglandin, PGProtein kinase C, PKCProtein tyrosine kinase, PTKProtein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP/PTPase Proteolytic enzyme complexProteosomePurine nucleotide phosphorylase, PNPRγδ+T cellRadioimmunoassay, RIAReactive nitrogen intermediates, RNIs Reactive oxygen intermediates, ROIs RearrangementReceptor editingReceptor-mediated endocytosisRecipientRecombinant antigen vaccineRecombinant vector vaccine 胞饮作用吞饮泡胎盘丙种球蛋白空斑形成细胞浆细胞血小板活化因子多聚免疫球蛋白受体多态性多态性基因多形核嗜中性粒细胞沉淀反应原发性免疫缺陷病初次应答祖B细胞专职抗原提呈细胞程序性细胞死亡备解素前列腺素蛋白激酶C 蛋白酪氨酸激酶蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶蛋白水解酶复合体蛋白酶体嘌呤核苷磷酸化酶γδ+T细胞放射免疫测定法反应性氮中间物反应性氧中间物（基因）重排受体编辑受体介导的胞吞作用受者重组抗原疫苗重组载体疫苗第9 / 11页Recombinase 重组酶Recombination activating genes, RAG 重组活化基因Recombination signal sequences, RSS 重组信号序列Rejection （移植物的）排斥Rheumatoid arthritis, RA 类风湿性关节炎Rheumatoid factor, RF 类风湿因子SScavenger receptor, SR 清杂受体Secondary immunodeficiency disease, SIDD 继发性免疫缺陷病Secondary response 再次应答Secretory component, SC 分泌成分，分泌小体Secretory IgA， sIgA 分泌型免疫球蛋白 ASecretory piece, SP 分泌片Selectin 选择素Selective IgA deficiency 选择性IgA缺陷Serin/threonine phosphatase 丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶Serum amyloid pretein A, SAA 血清淀粉样蛋白 ASevere combined-immunodeficiency disease, SCID 重症联合免疫缺陷病 Signal transduction 信号转导Signal transducers and activator of transcription, STAT 信号转导和活化转录因子 Signalling complex 信号复合体Single immunodiffusion 单向免疫扩散Small G protein 小 G 蛋白Sneaking through 漏逸Soluble TNF receptor, sTNFR 可溶性TNF受体Somatic hypermutation 体细胞高（频）突变Specific immunity 特异性免疫Split tolerance 耐受分离Src family kinase Src家族激酶Staphylococcus enterotoxin, SE 葡萄球菌肠毒素Staphylococcus protein A, SPA 葡萄球菌蛋白 AStem cell factor, SCF 干细胞（生长）因子Subunit vaccine 亚单位疫苗Superantigen, SAg 超抗原Suppressor T cells, Ts 抑制性T细胞Syngraft 同种基因移植，同型移植 Synthetic peptide vaccine 合成肽疫苗Systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE 系统性红斑狼疮TT cell epitope T细胞表位T cell receptor, TCR T细胞（抗原识别）受体 T lymphocyte T 淋巴细胞TCR/CD3 complex TCR/CD3 复合物Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, TdT 末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶第10 / 11页Terminal pathway 末端通路Thrombopoietin 血小板生成素Thymic stromal cells, TSC 胸腺基质细胞Thymocyte 胸腺细胞Thymus 胸腺Thymus dependent antigen, TD-Ag 胸腺依赖抗原Thymus epithelial cells, TEC 胸腺上皮细胞Thymus independent antigen, TI-Ag 非胸腺依赖抗原Thyroid stimulating hormone, TSH 促甲状腺激素Tolerogen 耐受原Toll like receptor, TLR Toll样受体Toxoid &nbs, p; 类毒素Transforming growth factor, TGF 转化生长因子Transporters associated with antigen processing,TAP 抗原处理相关转运蛋白 Tumor-associated antigen, TAA 肿瘤相关抗原Tumor necrosis factor, TNF 肿瘤坏死因子Tumor-specific antigen, TSA 肿瘤特异性抗原VVariable folding 可变折叠Variable geng V基因Variable region ( V region ) 可变区，V区Vitronectin 玻璃连接蛋白，玻连蛋白 Very late appearing ant igen, VLA 迟现抗原WWestern blotting 免疫印迹法Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, WAS 伴湿疹血小板减少性免疫缺陷病 XX-linked agammaglobulinemia, XLA 性联无丙种球蛋白血症 X-l inked hyperimmunoglobulin M syndrome, HIM 性联高IgM综合征 X-l inked SCID, XSCID 性联重症联合免疫缺陷病。