形容词 or 副词

讲义·形容词和副词……的：形容词……地：副词【壹】形容词or副词一、形容词加-ly结尾构成副词的规则只有形容词+ly，才能变成副词！如果给出的是名词，或者是动词，请先把它变成形容词，再把它变形容词变成副词。

①以–l结尾的仍加–ly：careful →carefully；wonderful →wonderfully②以–le结尾的变e为y：terrible →terribly；responsible →responsibly③以辅音字母加–y结尾的，变y为i加ly：angry →angrily④tru e→truly1. I _truly_ (true) believe that travelling is one of the best things that you can do for yourself.2. _Eventually_ (eventual), I went home with my car full of groceries and my heart full of warmth and kindness.3. The researchers suggest that after a stressful day, _simply_ (simple) doing something as small as holding the door open for someone else and carrying someone’s bags can give your mooda boost.4. （2013广东）But such a small thing couldn’t _possibly_ (possible) destroy a village.二、用形容词还是副词，主要是看在句子中作什么成分副词标准位置：助动词/系动词/情态动词之后，实义动词之前。

形容词修饰：名词a very cute boy副词修饰：副词、句子、形容词、动词（谐音：“付诸行动”）very beautifulHe runs fast.He runs very fast.Honestly, ~~~~~5. In recent years, Internet voting has become _increasingly_ (increase) popular in China.6. These prices may seem expensive but in my opinion, it is a _truly_ (true) magical experience.7. Betty was having a _particularly_ (particular) hard time because her father had acted wrongly.8. In some cases, it is the term used for being _environmentally_ (environ ment) friendly.9. Not _surprisingly_ (surprise), it become an instant hit.10. _Strangely_ (strange) enough, he never fell.11. （2015广东）_Luckily_ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.12. _Amusingly／Amused_ (amuse), the boy followed his parents out of the door.13. （2014陕西）Men and Women must be treated_equally_ (equal) in education and employment.14. （2014新课标二）A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It’s mine.” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase _thankfully_ (thank).15. Their grown children visit them _occasionally_ (occasion).16. （2014新课标一）The river was so polluted that it _actually_ (actual) caught fire and burned.17. （2013陕西）The boy looked at his father _hopefully_ (hope) because he thought his father had brought him a present.hopeful／hopeless18. However, a student attending an online course must take the time management _seriously_ (seri ous).19. （2009陕西）China Daily is _widely_ (wide) read in North America.20. （2016全国一）The title will be_officially_ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.21. （2006 陕西）Well, you’ve acted _foolishly_ (fool) and you will pay for it.22. （2016全国二）Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks _regularly_ (regular).23. Now he has become a basketball player in our school team _successfully_ (success).24. Then she closed her eyes and went _peacefully_ (peace) back to sleep.【贰】原级、比较级和最高级nice →nicer →nicestpopular →more popular →most populargood/well →better →best一、the后是形容词时常用其最高级形式（三者及三者以上）1. Some people keep dogs to protect themselves from robbery, but the _most important_ (important) reason is for companionship.2. This festival is a holiday of great significance and the one with the _longest_ (long) history.important →of great significance3. （2015课标二）The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _the_ most modern of architects and engineers.二、有than时一般要用比较级4. （2014 新课标一）Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _cleaner_ (clean) than ever.三、没有than也会用比较级的情况句中出现a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, a lot, a great deal, any, still, even等，有可能会使用比较级（主要还是靠翻译）5. For young visitors, the time span can be even _shorter_ (short).6. He is tall enough, but his brother is still _taller_ (tall).7. Jerry kept walking until he couldn’t go any _farther_ (far).四、than可以是介词，前后比较的是相同级别的内容8. And, of course, walking barefoot keeps your feet in good shape, so it’s actually healthier than _wearing_ (wear) shoes.五、第三长也要用最高级（the + 序数词+ 形容词）The Changjiang River is the third longest in the world.9. Antarctica, the coldest place on Earth, is the fifth _largest_ (large) continent in the world.六、the more, the more 越⋯⋯，就越⋯⋯10. （2014辽宁）The _harder_ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!11. （2011福建）The _more_ sport they do, the happier they will feel.12. （2016上海）Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the _better_ (good) your performance will be.七、earlier与laterthree days earlier/before三天前three days later三天后13. （2014广东）After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months _earlier_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.14. （2015课标一）But I didn’t care. A few hours _before／earlier_, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with its choking smog.Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.'d = had done / had better'd = would do / would ratherI'd put ~~~【叁】查漏补缺一、-ed形容词和-ing形容词-ing形容词一般译作“令人…的”（对外的影响）-ed形容词一般译作“感到…的”（对内的感受）DG is boring.DG is bored.1. I felt a little _embarrassed_ (embarrass) and thought that the man had a wonderful sense of humor.2. It is _frightening_ (frighten) to think it could happen again.fright 害怕n.frighten 使…害怕vt.frighten ing令人害怕的adj.frighten ed感到害怕的adj.3. （2014新课标二）There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and _disappointed_ (disappoint).4. （2014新课标一）While there are _amazing_ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual.5. （2014上海）Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already _exhausted_ (exhaust) shoulder.exhaust 使…筋疲力尽vt.exhausting 令人筋疲力尽的adj.exhausted 感到筋疲力尽的adj.6. The moment Lang stepped into the stadium, we clapped _excitedly_ (excite).二、形容词放在状语的位置，表示主语所处的状态7. I stood at the school gate, _depressed_ (depress).I stood at the school gate, and I was depressed.8. _Puzzled／Puzzlingly_ (puzzle), Shawn followed his father into the garage.9. The farmer, _surprised_ (surprise) but happy, asked the boy how he succeeded where the rest had failed.三、以-ly结尾的未必都是副词名词+ ly→形容词形容词+ ly→副词love ly可爱的friend ly友好的brother ly兄弟般的order ly有序的time ly及时的live ly生动活泼的yearly 每年一次的monthly 每月一次的；月刊weekly 每周一次的；周报daily 每日一次的；日报man lywoman lysilly愚蠢的ugly丑陋的lonely孤独的、偏僻的deadly致命的likely可能的【肆】是时候展现真正的技术了1. Believe me, Susan. I am _truly_ (true) sorry.2. David said nothing, but _simply_ (simple) nodded, as if understanding perfectly.3. Together, they were clapping, loudly and _cheerfully_ (cheer).4. （2010陕西）I have been _deeply_ (deep) impressed by a number of experiences in her life.5. （2016全国三）Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which _gradually_ (gradual) turned into chopsticks.6. But do American students get _annoyed_ (annoy) about their uniforms, too?7. In the end, _exhausted_ (exhaust) and hot, I couldn’t go any further.8. （2015上海）It was _the nicest_ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger.9. A few days _earlier_ (early) he had received a telegram from Lord Lloyd.10. Dai people (傣族人) believe that the _wetter_ (wet) you get, the luckier you will be.。

形容词和副词的用法作用:1.形容词:（1）形容词在句中常修饰名词和代词。

A good boy. Somethi ng important（2）形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。

Our country is a beautiful co untry.（作定语）The meal is delicious. （作表语）We keep our classroom clean and tidy.（作宾语补足语）2.副词：（1）副词在句中修饰动词、副词、形容词、全句（Luckily）。

She speaks En glish w也（2）副词在句中可作状语、表语、和定语。

He studies very hard. （作状语）When will you be back. （作表语）Luckily, I passed the exam.常用来修饰原级的词有：very , too, so, really, quite, pretty、位置1.形容词：通常要放在所修饰的名词之前，但要放在不定代词（之后。

something、anything …）2.副词:1 ）多数副词作状语时放在行为动词之后。

如果动词带宾语，则放在宾语之后。

Mr. Smith works very hard._ She speaks En glishweJl.2）频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词、be动词和助动词之后。

He usually gets up early.3）程度副词一般放在所修饰的名词前面。

I am n ever late for school.He runs very fast.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。

大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。

原级指形容词和副词的原形；比较级用来表示较……”或更……一些”；最高级则表示最……”、形容词和副词的原级:1.表示两者（A与B）在某一方面相同时用句型:A +谓语+ as +形容词或副词的原形+ as+ B.。

形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则1. 规则变化1) 一般情况下，单音节或双音节的形容词（或副词）比较级＋er ，最高级＋est 如： clever－cleverer－cleverest few－fewer－fewestsmall－smaller－smallest等。

2) 以e结尾的词，比较级＋r，最高级＋st 即可。

如：nice－nicer－nicest cute－cuter－cutest large－larger－largest3) 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i＋er或est。

如:easy－easier－easiest happy－happier－happiest再如：early, busy, heavy, dirty, lazy也如此。

少数单音节词也是这样，如：pleased－more pleased－the most pleasedtired－more tired－the most tired4）中读闭音节词双写后面的辅音比较级＋er ，最高级＋est如：big-bigger-biggest thin-thinner-thinnest2. 不规则变化：good —better — best well —better — bestbad－worse － worstmany / much — more — mostfar — farther —farthest (距离远)far — further — furthest (程度深)old — elder — eldest (长幼)old — older —oldest (年龄)Step 2 中考链接1. 比较级考点①比较级修饰问题a little, a bit, even, still, much, a lot, far 等可修饰比较级。

e.g. Tom is a little taller than Jim.This book is much more interesting than that one.②同级比较e.g. The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Xi’an.Our school is bigger than yours.③ the + 比较级e.g. Lucy is the fatter of the two girls.④“a/an + 比较级” 表示“又一，再一”e.g. Lily has a doll, but she wants a bigger one.⑤隐性比较（没有than的情况）e.g. Who runs faster, Lucy or Lily?You’d better come earlier next time.He worked hard last term, but he works even harder this term.⑥越来越......a. 比较级 + and + 比较级b. the + 比较级 + 句子，the + 比较级 + 句子a. e.g. It’s getting colder and colder.The more you exercise, the better you are.2. 最高级考点说明：形容词的最高级前必须加the; 副词的最高级前省略the。

教案设计者：审核人：授课老师：授课班级：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法当两种物体之间相互比较时，我们要用形容词或副词的比较级；当相互比较的物体是三个或三个以上时，我们就要用形容词或副词的最高级。

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的变化规律：1. 单音节形容词或副词后面直接加-er或-est：tall—taller—tallest fast—faster—fastest2. 以-e结尾的单音节形容词或副词直接加-r或-stlarge—larger—largest nice—nicer—nicest3. 以-y结尾的形容词或副词，改-y为-i再加-er或-estbusy—busier—busiest early—earlier—earliest4. 形容词或副词是重读闭音节时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er或-esthot—hotter—hottest big—bigger—biggest5. 多音节形容词或副词前面直接加more或mostdelicious—more delicious—most deliciousbeautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful6. 不规则变化good (well)—better—best bad (badly)—worse—worst形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的句子公式：比较级：形容词：物体A + am / are / is + 形容词比较级+ than + 物体B.I am taller than you.副词：物体A + 行为动词+ 副词比较级+ than + 物体B.He studies better than me.1八年级下册教学案例设计最高级：1）物体A + am / are / is + the + 形容词最高级+ 比较范围（of + 人/物，in +地方）.I am the tallest in the class.Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.2）物体A + 行为动词+ 副词最高级+ 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）.Cheetahs run fastest in the world.He studies best of us.一. 词形变换。

形容词与副词【语法归纳】一.形容词(adj.):(一)意义:表示人或事物的特征。

如:big , good , pretty等。

(二)在句子中的作用:1.形容词在句子中常作定语、表语和宾语补足语。

(1)作定语,修饰名词或代词。

当形容词修饰不定代词的时候,要放在不定代词的后面。

例:I have a lovely son.We have something nice to eat.(2)作表语,与系动词连用。

例:You are clever.I feel terrible.The mooncake tastes delicious.(3)作宾语补足语。

例:We should keep our classroom clean.2.特殊的形容词:(1)ill和well表示身体健康的时候,只能作表语,不作定语。

例:The boy was ill .不能说:He was an ill boy.The girl looks very well.不能说:She is a well girl.(2)以ly结尾的形容词,不要认为是副词。

如:friendly, lonely , lively二.副词(adv.)(一)意义:(修饰动词、形容词或其他副词)表示时间、地点、方法或程度等。

如:very , quite , slowly等。

(二)种类:1. 时间副词:now, then, ago , tomorrow2. 地点副词:here, there, outside, everywhere3. 方式副词:slowly, happily, angrily4.程度副词:almost, hardly, nearly5.疑问副词:how, why, where, when6.频度副词:always, often , usually(三)副词在句子中的位置:一般情况下,时间副词和地点副词的位置通常在句末,二者同时出现时,先地点后时间。