词汇讲解+配套习题【新教材】牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册全册01

可编辑修改精选全文完整版牛津译林必修三Unit1 词汇全解1.harm 伤害，损害n. do harm to =be harmful toharmful effects害处短语搭配：cause ~引起伤害There is no harm in (sb’s) doing sth./It does no harm (for sb) to do sth.做某事没什么坏处。

He looks fierce, but he means no harm.他看上去很凶，但并无恶意。

The treatment they gave him did him more harm than good.他们的治疗弊大于利。

V. harm 伤害，损害2.overseas在海外，在国外=abroadThe product is sold both at home and overseas.外国的，海外的~ trade/visitors3.region地区，区域---regional区域的，地区的~ variations 地区差异4.length长度The room is twice the length of the kitchen.房间长度是厨房的两倍。

The river is 300 miles in length.这条河长300英里。

the length of time时间长短重点短语：at length/ at ...(length)length 长时间，详尽地We have discussed the matter at great length.go to any/some/great lengths (to do)竭尽全力，不遗余力5.biodiversity 生物多样性diversity 多样性diverse 多样的diversify 使...多样化6.variety不同种类a ~ of =varieties of 各种各样的He resigned for a variety of reasons.多样化We all need variety in our diet.我们都需要饮食多样化。

词汇讲解+配套习题【新教材】牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册全册词汇讲解+配套习题1.harm vt. & n.伤害→harmful adj.伤害的→harmless adj.无害的2.length倍数+the size/length/weight...+ofin length在长度上3.shelter4.various adj.各种各样的→vary v.变化→variety n.变化;种类→【同】different adj. 不同的，各种各样的→differ v. 不同，相异→difference n. 区别，不同5.Extinction6.survive vi. & vt.生存;挺过(难关)→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者7.in turn 反过来，转过来【即时训练】语境串词选turn短语的合适形式填空(1) She refused to ____________ the noisy music when her neighbors wanted to sleep. The neighbors had no choice but ____________ the police for help.(2) It ____________ that the conference was held as scheduled. However, people without permission ____________ for the sake of safety. Telephones were forbidden, so whoever attended the meeting should ____________ their mobile phones. Suddenly, surrounded by several guards, the president ____________. She was so exciting that she ____________ the bottle of water infront of her. Everyone ____________ to see what happened. She stood up immediately and swore it was only a coincidence and nothing could ________ her _________ her country.【参考答案】(1) turn down; to turn to (2) turned out; were turned away; turn in; turn up;turned over; turn around; turn, against.8.break down 分解；故障break away (from...) 逃脱；脱离break in 打断，插嘴；强行闯入break into 强行进入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)break off 使折断；突然终止；中断(谈话等)break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发break up 打碎；(关系)破裂；(会议等)结束break through 突破【即时训练】Ⅰ. 语法填空(1)The students are required to break _________ from these bad habits.(2)It was reported that the fire broke__________during the mid-night.(3)She broke __________ a piece of chocolate and gave it to me.(4)We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody had broken ________the office during the night.Ⅱ. 完成句子(5) Let’s break down the project into smaller parts in order to deal with them one byone.(6) If the car should break down on the way, you would have to walk back.(7) You will break down if you take on more work than you can.(8) News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken down with no agreement reached.【参考答案】(1)away (2)out (3)off (4)into (5) 分解(6 出故障(7) 身体垮掉(8) 失败9.disappear vi.消失;失踪→disappearance n.消失→【反】appear vi.出现→appearance n.出现appearance n.外观；外貌;出现→appear v.出现；显得【反】disappearance n.消失→disappear v.消失；失踪10.due to= as a result of = because of+n. 因为11.Impact12.damage【温馨贴士】damage, destroy和ruin的用法区别damage:是程度较小的“破坏,损坏”,强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等;一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。

Period Three Extended reading & Project & AssessmentⅠ.单词拼写1. ________(官方的) reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）2. For legal reasons, most restaurants have a ________(政策) against giving away food waste. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）3. One day I met a ________(以前的) classmate of mine who was making a lot of money running a sideline. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）4. He looks younger than his friend; in fact, he is three years ________(年长的) to his friend. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）5. It is said that she will go abroad for ________(更进一步的) study next month. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）6. The ________(委员会) urged that a sound and safe rural financial system be set up to boost the rural economy. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）7. Alt hough she founded her company early on in life, she wasn’t driven primarily by ________(利润). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）8. The local government is encouraging people to ________(回收利用) their household rubbish.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）9. One thing to remember is that it’s the ___(过程) not the end product that matters.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）10. The local people gathered to ________(抗议) against the construction of a chemical factory. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）Ⅱ.单句填空11. The ________(economy) impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.（所给词的适当形式填空）12. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other ________(resident) and could result in damage to personal property. （所给词的适当形式填空）13. The tree was so big that we had to chop off some of the________(branch). （所给词的适当形式填空）14. Many ________(chemist) factories are closed down by the local government, because most of them have done serious harm to the environment. （所给词的适当形式填空）15. Great men have often risen from ________(poor)—Lincoln and Edison, for example. （所给词的适当形式填空）16. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving ________(entire) on discarded(丢弃) food. （所给词的适当形式填空）17. He was bitten by a ________(poison) snake and was sent to the hospital immediately. （所给词的适当形式填空）18. Unfortunately, he died at the age of 30 as a consequence ________heavy drinking and smoking.（用适当的词填空）19. Since we used the new ________(recycle) method, a large number of trees have been saved. （所给词的适当形式填空）20. When a criminal is accused, he is always allowed to speak in his own ________(defend). （所给词的适当形式填空）Ⅲ.短语填空短语填空21. Thank you for ________the spelling mistakes in my composition and I have corrected all of them.22. You must ________the bad habits that damage your health, such as drinking and smoking.23. Nowadays more and more people ________the environment where they live.24. With China’s rapidly aging population, the demand for caregivers is ________.25. More and more women today have learned to arise________ their legal rights.26. There are a couple of factors that ________this problem.Ⅳ.句型训练27. I enjoy reading adventure novels and ________my sister我喜欢看探险小说，我姐姐也喜欢。

Unit 1ReadingThe Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure亚马孙雨林：大自然的宝藏Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处可闻各种动物的声音。

这里是亚马孙雨林。

作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。

The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres , the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。

牛津译林2020版必修三Unit3 Extended Reading同步练习一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词1.She is a TV （对…入迷的人）and watches as much as she can.2.I think prison is going to be a (可怕的) thing for Harry.3.(不知怎么地) Karin managed to cope with the demands of her career.4.He has decided to (离开；离任) as manager of the team.5.Details of the murder were (披露，透露) by the local paper.6.The commission has been given (覆盖面广的；内容广泛的) powers.7.His talents are not fully (赏识) in that company.8.He kept a (日记) of his travels across Asia.9.The Government has (缩减，减少) defence spending.10.She was l in thought when her parents came into her room.11.The chair in the front of the room almost k me off my feet.12.They are all g to the Olympic Games.13.I would a it if you paid in cash.14.She took a of the children’s absence to tidy their rooms.15.A truck s past the old man, nearly knocking him down.16.There was a car with a dead b in the middle of the road.17.As a saying goes, “B is in the eye of the beholder.”18.We don’t know whether he is a or dead.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.He dreams of being a famous (journal).2.He spends every evening (glue) to the TV.3.She shows little (appreciate) of good music.4.He has done a lot of jobs, (range) from doctor to lawyer.5.He needed money to feed his (addict) to gambling.6.Quit (act) like you didn’t know. You’ve already been told the truth.7.He laughed, (reveal) a line white teeth.8.People are (scare) to use the buses late at night.9.Work out what situations or people make you feel (stress) and avoid them.10.I felt (connect) from the world around me.11.J ack has been (addict) to computer games lately.12.S ome hospital patients experience high levels of (anxious).13.A ll of us in our (day) life react favourably to people who take us and our views seriously.14.I t (scary) me to think I was alone in the building.15.I t was said that the conversation ranged (wide).三、单句语法填空1.Tonight is the last chance (catch) the play at your local theatre.2.She reached inside her bag a pen.3.I am not used to (eat) so much at lunchtime.4.The company has spent thousands of pounds (update) theircomputer system.5.I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn’t want to taketoo much of your time.6.The arrival of canals was great value to many industries.7.He reached out his hand (touch) her.8.The bus slowed for the next stop.9.Regular exercise is (benefit) to our health.10.S he had slid a depression after the death of her husband.11.T he process of political change in South Africa has reached the stageit is irreversible.12.W ith his eyes (fix) o n his book, he noticed nobody around him13.S he enjoys her own (accompany) when she is travelling.14.W here did you pick your English?四、根据要求翻译句子1.你收到这封信时，我已经离开这个国家了。

牛津译林版必修第三册全册学案Unit 1 Nature in the balance .................................................................................................... - 1 - Unit 2 Natural disasters .......................................................................................................... - 34 - Unit 3 The world online .......................................................................................................... - 69 - Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world ............................................................................. - 107 -Unit 1 Nature in the balanceVocabulary and the whole unitⅠ.匹配词义A．单词匹配()1.soil A．n.昆虫()2.continent B．n.地区，区域；行政区()lion C．prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上()4.species D．n.营养素，营养物()5.nutrient E．n.土壤；国土，领土，土地()6.wildlife F．n.种，物种()7.beneath G．n.野生动植物，野生生物()8.extinction H．n.大陆，陆地，洲()9.insect I．num.一百万；许多，大量()10.region J．n.灭绝，绝种[答案]1－5EHIFD6－10GCJABB.短语匹配()1.in turn A．逐渐增加，扩大()2.break down B．相应地，转而()3.breathe life into C．由于，因为()4.due to D．使分解(为)，使变化(成)()5.build up E．给……带来起色，注入活力()e up with F．摆脱，丢弃，扔掉()7.call for G．使发生(或存在)()8.spring to mind H．(公开)要求；需要()9.get rid of I．想出，想到()10.give rise to J．突然记起(或想到)[答案]1－5BDECA6－10IHJFGⅡ.默写单词1．harm n．& v t. 伤害，损害2．length n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长3．variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体4．survive v i. 生存，存活v t. 幸存，幸免于难5．thus ad v. 因此，从而；这样6．disappear v i. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪7．agriculture n. 农业，农学8．impact n. 影响，作用；撞击；冲撞v i.& v t. 有影响；冲击9．damage v t.& n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏10．climate n. 气候；倾向，风气Ⅰ.语境填空absolutely；defence；nowhere；protest；profit；various；recycle；belt；former；furtherWe have decided to take no further action.2．Students took to the streets to protest against the decision.3．The carpark was absolutely packed solid with people.4．There was nowhere for me to sit.5．Her father was the former editor of the Saturday Re v ie w.6．The company made a healthy profit on the deal.7．Tents come in various shapes and sizes.8．She is going to recycle useful rubbish.9．We live in the commuter belt．10．What points can be raised in defence of this argument.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．He has made it absolutely(absolute)clear so you must have understood.2．A tracker(track)is a person who can find people or wild animals by following their prints.3．They have driven the rhino to the edge of extinction(extinct).4．His application(apply)for membership of the organization was rejected.5．As babies，we rely entirely(entire)on others for food.6．He's the president of a large international organization(organize).7．There are conflicts between regional(region)and national interests.8．Some economic(economy)issues were discussed in the conference.9．The leaves of certain trees are poisonous(poison)to cattle.10．She earns her living (live)as a freelance journalist.1．With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方公里，相当于中国面积的一半以上。

9. biodiversity n.生物多样性
（生物学 n. biology → bio-生物的;人生的
biotechnology/biochemistry）
（使多样化 vt. → 多种多样的adj.→ 多样化；差异性n.）
diversify → diverse
→ diversity
10. species n.(pl.species) 种；物种
①物种的多样性 ②一种花 ③许多种花
the diversity of species a species of flowers many species of flowers
11.brazil nut 巴西坚果 12. water lily 睡莲
13.variety n.多样性,不同种类；变化→various adj.各种各样的→vary vi. 变化；改变
towering performance
tower vi. tower over/ above 高于；超过；胜过；远远超过
①他的个儿比班里其他同学都要高。 He towered over all his classmates.
②她远远超过同时代的舞蹈演员。 She towers over other dancers of her generation.
③他的腿受伤了，因此没能准时到那。 He hurt his leg and thus failed to get there on time.
33.disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→ disappearance n.
appear vi.出现→ appearance n.出现，外貌
例①吸烟有害我们的身体健康。 Smoking does harm to/is harmful to our health.

必修三Unit 1 Welcome to the unit1.For most of history, man has had to fight nature to survive; in this century he is beginning to realize that, in order to survive, he must protect it.在历史大部分时间，人类不得不为了生存和大自然斗争；在本世纪，人们开始意识到，为了生存，必须保护大自然。

fight fight-fought-fought(1)战争；战斗in war/battle~ (against sb)打仗；战斗；作战My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.我的祖父曾经在西班牙与法西斯分子作战。

（2）搏斗；打斗；打架to struggle physically with sbShe'll fight like a tiger to protect her children.她为了保护孩子，可以凶得像只老虎。

(3)~ sb/sth (for sth)参加（竞赛）；竞争to take part in a contest against sb[VN]to fight an election/a campaign参加竞选/ 争取权益的运动[V]She's fighting for a place in the national team.她正努力争取加入国家队。

(4）反对oppose极力反对；与…作斗争to try hard to stop, deal with or oppose sth bad[VN]to fight racism/corruption/poverty, etc.与种族主义、腐败、贫困等作斗争争取try to get/do sth（5）~ (for sth)努力争取；为…而斗争to try very hard to get sth or to achieve sth[V]He's still fighting for compensation after the accident.他还在力争事故后的赔偿。

Book3 Unit 1 词汇讲解1. harm n.&vt. 伤害，损害→harmful adj. 伤害的→harmless adj. 无害的(1). n. 伤害，损害。

常见搭配do sb./sth. harm 对某人/某物有害do harm to...对……有害There is no harm in doing sth=It is no harm to do sth 做某事是个好主意/没有坏处Excessive drinking will do you a lot of harm. 饮酒过度非常不利于健康。

The typhoon did great harm to the rice crop. 那次台风对稻谷的收成造成很大的损害。

(2).伤害；损害。

常见搭配：harm one's reputation/image 损害某人的声誉/形象What he did did harm to his image. 他的所作所为的确损害了他的形象。

归纳拓展:(1). harmful adj.有害的be harmful to对……有害(反义短语：be good for对……有好处)Your smoking can be harmful to the health of your children. 你吸烟对你的孩子们的健康有害。

(2). harmless adj.无害的be harmless to...对……无害(3). harmlessly ade.无害地；无恶意地巩固练习：1.单句语法填空(1). Staring at the screen of the computer for a long time will do harm ________ your eyes.(2). Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are ___________ (harm)to ocean animals.(3). The treatment did him more_________ than good, though the doctor insisted it was __________ .(harm) 2.一句多译:在强光下读书会对你的眼睛造成伤害。

2020-2021学年高一英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册同步课时作业（1）Unit 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading一、1. Teenagers' night owl habits __________ (disappear) as they age, and the study says this may be why older adults are happier than younger ones.2. The broadcasting system in Canada is famous and advanced and serves __________ (variety) purposes.3. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it is more effective in _____________ (lengthen) life than walking, cycling or swimming.4. If we don't take immediate action to protect the rainforest, it may ___________ (appear) forever.5. The Yangtze River dolphin is on the list of endangered ___________ (species).6.听到这个消息，他情不自禁地哭了。

(break down)_________________________________7.图书馆里有各种各样的书供我们选择，像历史书、科学书等。

(variety)_________________________________8.这棵大树下坐着一位老人。

牛津译林版2020 必修三 Unit1 单词拼写单词拼写(一）1. How many species do you believe will be threatenedwith e when the reservoir 1s completed?2.Located at the foot of the (高耸的)Alps,the Austrian city of Innsbruck offers guests a chance ito appreciate a blend of old and new.3.They found something buried (在…下面) a pile of leaves.4. If we don t stop c change. many animals and plants in the world will be gone.5.Scientists say the c of South America and Africa separated millions of years ago.6.When we choose food, we must keep in mind that the food we choose should give us the (营养物) we need.7. The number of people employed in (农业)has fallen in the last decade.8. A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us-the ability to sense (氧气) through our skin.9.9. They raised chickens for eggs, pigs and c for meat. and cows for milk and cream, from which Grandma made butter and cheese.单词拼写（二）1.N else in the world can a tour/st find cheaper tailoring(裁缝业) than in Hong Kong .2.Listening passively to others' complaints could damage your (.形象) and give others the impression that you agree with them.3.The move is California’s latest step aimed at reaching renewable energy targets and reducing g gas emissions.4.4. The side effects of g warming, which have seriously threatened the survivalof human beings inthe future, are particularly worrying.5.You can be involved in any manner; even volunteering for an (组织) canhelp youmore social.6.At the end of last year, a g explosionhappened in a coal mine in Chifeng, killing at least 30 people, some of whom were local people.7. This is the important thing you can do to keep a conversation on t .8. This cultural relic represents the Tibetan civilization ,which is the reason why it appears on this travel (小册子).9.“ The market is (完全地) dead this morning,” said one foreign exchange trader.10.We regret to inform you that your (申请)has not been successful.单词拼写（三）1. The bank made pre-tax p of 56.5 million.2. For more information, you can refer to the o website of China Daily.3.I’m not e happy about the proposal.4. The energy secretary will present the (策略) tomorrow afternoon.5. We should spare no effort to carry out this (政策) and benefit the public.6. Inflation is below 5%o and set to fall (进一步).7. Although he was disappointed that the Nobel (委员会) had ignored Isabella'scontribution to that work, she was calm.8. Before boarding the (地铁), he saw an oldfriend.9. When people think of factories, they think of clouds of dirty smoke or pipes pouring (化学的)waste into rivers.答案：1.extinction 2. towering 3.beneath 4. climate 5. continents 6. nutrients7.agriculture 8. oxygen 9. cattle1.Nowhere2. image3. greenhouse4. global5. organization6.gas7.track 8. brochure 9.absolutely 10. application1.profits2. official3.entirely4. strategy5. policy6. further7. committee8. subway9.chemical。

M3 Unit 1 nature in the balance1.harm /hɑːm/ n. & vt. 伤害，损害2.soil /sɔɪl/ n. 土壤；国土，领土，土地3.ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统4.overseas /ˌəʊvəˈsiːz/ adj. 海外的，国外的adv. 向（在）海外，向（在）国外5.region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 地区，区域；行政区6.continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆，陆地；洲lion /ˈmɪljən/ n. 一百万；许多，大量8.length /leŋθ/ n. 长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，（电影）片长9.biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 生物多样性10.species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n. (pl. species) 种，物种11.nut /nʌt/ n. 坚果12.brazil nut 巴西坚果13.lily /ˈlɪli/ n. 百合（花）14.water lily 睡莲15.variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体16.wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动植物，野生生物17.beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在…下面，在…下方；配不上18.mass /mæs/ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群adj. 大批的，广泛的19.towering /ˈtaʊərɪŋ/ adj. 高大的，高耸的；出色的20.hardwood /ˈhɑːdwʊd/ n. 阔叶树；硬材（阔叶树的木材）21.living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的n. 生计，谋生；生活方式22.mammal /ˈmæml/ n. 哺乳动物23.jaguar /ˈdʒæɡjuə(r)/ n. 美洲豹，美洲虎24.survive /səˈvaɪv/ vi. 生存，存活vt. 幸存，幸免于难25.frog /frɒɡ/ n. 蛙，青蛙26.in turn 相应地，转而27.insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫28.microorganism /ˌmaɪkrəʊˈɔːgənɪzəm/ n. 微生物29.break down 使分解（为），使变化（成）30.nutrient /ˈnjuːtriənt/ n. 营养素，营养物31.breathe life into 给…带来起色，注入活力32.carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ n. 碳33.oxygen /ˈɒksɪdʒən/ n. 氧，氧气34.thus /ðʌs/ adv. 因此，从而；这样35.disappear /ˌdɪsəˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪36.due /djuː/ to 由于，因为37.agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 农业，农学38.cattle /ˈkætl/ n. 牛39.impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞/ɪmˈpækt/ vi. & vt. 有影响；冲击40.extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝，绝种41.damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt. & n. 损害，伤害，损坏，破坏42.climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候；倾向，风气43.build up 逐渐增加，扩大44.global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的；全面的45.greenhouse /ˈɡriːnhaʊs/ n. 温室，暖房46.gas /ɡæs/ n. 气体；煤气；汽油47.drought /draʊt/ n. 旱灾，久旱e up with 想出，想到49.call for （公开）要求；需要50.application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用，运用；申请51.brochure /ˈbrəʊʃə(r)/ n. 小册子anization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理53.absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ adv. 绝对地，完全地；极其54.belt /belt/ n. 地带，地区；腰带；传送带55.medal /ˈmedl/ n. 奖章，勋章56.image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 形象；图像；意象57.shark /ʃɑːk/ n. 鲨鱼58.spring to mind 突然记起（或想到）59.whale /weɪl/ n. 鲸60.deer /dɪə(r)/ n. (pl. deer) 鹿61.track /træk/ vt. & vi. 跟踪，追踪n. 足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线62.habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 生活环境，栖息地63.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə(r)/ adv. 无处，哪里都不64.dolphin /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n. 海豚65.resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民，住户66.chief /tʃiːf/ n. 首领，最高领导人adj. 主要的；首席的mittee /kəˈmɪti/ n. 委员会68.entirely /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ adv. 完全地，全部地，完整地69.smog /smɒɡ/ n. 雾霾，烟雾70.get rid /rɪd/ of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉71.protest /prəˈtest/ vi. 反对，抗议vt. 坚持声称，申辩/ˈprəʊtest/ n. 抗议，反对72.profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ n. 利润，收益；好处vi. & vt. 获益，得到好处73.defence /dɪˈfens/ (AmE defense) n. 辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守74.various /ˈveəriəs/ adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的75.process /ˈprəʊses/ n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程vt. 加工，处理76.economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的77.policy /ˈpɒləsi/ n. 政策，方针；原则78.branch /brɑːntʃ/ n.（政府或机构）部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支79.strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略，行动计划；策划，部署80.recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ vt. 回收利用，再利用81.subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁；地下人行道82.former /ˈfɔːmə(r)/ adj. 昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的83.official /əˈfɪʃl/ n. 官员，要员adj. 公务的；正式的，官方的(184.poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n. 贫穷，贫困；贫乏85.poison /ˈpɔɪzn/ vt. 污染；毒死，毒害n. 毒物，毒药86.chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学制品adj. 化学的；化学作用的87.consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 结果，后果；重要性88.give rise to 使发生（或存在）89.further /ˈfɜːðə(r)/ adj. 更多的，更进一步的adv. 较远，更远；进一步。

牛津译林版2020版必修三Unit1基础知识同步练习Reading一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词1.There are （百万）of people dying of heart diseases.2.The snake usually reaches a (长度) of 100 cm.3.Apples come in a great many (品种，种类).4.The boat sank (在…下面) the waves.5.The sky is full of dark (团，块，堆)of clouds.6.The mountain gorilla is on the verge of (灭绝).7.He reamains a (出色的) figure in rock and roll.8.The product is sold both at home and (在海外，向国外).9.All dogs are capable of doing h to human beings.10.Increased production will, in t , lead to increased profits .11.Her speech had a profound i on everyone.12.We need more people to b life into this programme.13.Lisa was sick this morning. T , she was late for school.14.The flight was cancelled d to bad weather.15.Sugar and starch are b down in the stomach.16.All the pressure b up and he was off work for weeks with stress.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Fruit juices can be (harm) to children’s teeth.2.His only chance of (survive) was a heart transplant.3.Police are investigating the (disappear) of key files on the killers.4.France is the world’s second biggest exporter of (agriculture) products.5.There are (variety) kinds of food in the store.6.The Garden’s menu is based on Hawaiian (region) cuisine.7.He died six weeks later of a (mass) heart attack.8.Father never talked about what he did for a (live).9.There is a need for a greater (diverse) and choice in education.10.She (towering) over other dancers of her generation.三、单项选择( ) 1. The forest was with different animals and considered to be home to them.A.living;aB. living;/C. alive;aD. alive;/( ) 2. It was a crisis she was totally unprepared.A.whichB. for whichC. on whichD. that( ) 3. I am willing to help you, I do not have much time available.A.SinceB. For thatC. WhileD. When( ) 4. Police used tear gas to a demonstration.A.break upB. break downC. break outD. break in( ) 5. Theory is based on practice and serves practice.A.in returnB. in exchangeC. in turnD. in fact答案一 lons 2.length 3.varieties 4.beneath 5.masses 6.extinction 7.towering 8.overseas 9.harm10.turn 11.impact 12.breathe 13.Thus 14.due 15.broken 16.built二 1.harmful 2.survival 3.disappearance 4.agricultural 5.various 6.regional 7.massive 8.living9.diversity 10.twoers/towered三1-5 DBCACUnit1 Extended Reading同步练习一、根据句意并结合汉语或首字母提示填写单词17.Unemployment was the （主要的）cause of poverty.18.We are in the (过程) of selling our house.19.The announcement raised a storm of (抗议).20.There were confrontations between local (居民) and the police.21.We have tried to pursue a (政策)of neutrality.22.The (委员会) has decided to close the restaurant.23.The energy secretary will present the (策划，部署) tomorrow.24.The bank has many (分部) all over the country.25.He presented two solutions. The f seems much better than the latter.26.Maternity services were to be reduced as a c of falling birth rates .27.The agency is voluntary and not run for p.28.Scientists have identified thousands of genes that can give r to diseases in humans.29.I began to suspect they were trying to get r of me.30.Solar power may provide a more e solution.31.As the old saying goes, “ One man’s meat is another man’s p.”32.Humour is a more effective d than violence.二、用所给词的适当形式填空11.A cheap bed can be a false (ecomomic), so spend as much as you can afford.12.T here are hundreds of (poison) spiders and snakes.13.T here is a (poor) of colour in her work.14.T he rubbish is then carted away for (recycle).15.T he land was flat, giving no scope for (defend).16.T hey are senior (office) in the State Department.17.T his decision could have serious (consequent) for the industry.18.W e had walked (far) than I had realized.19.I’m not (entire) happy about the proposal.20.Be careful that those kinds of food are (chemical) treated.21.I t was said that America sent cotton to England for (process).22.T he teacher had told us that the sun (rise) in the east.23.I t is certain that there will be more (policy) on environmental protection.24.T housands of (protest) marched through the city and let out their anger all the way.25.W e have not yet been told (official) about the closure.答案一 1.chief 2.process 3.protest 4.residents 5.policy mittee 7.strategy 8.branches 9.former10.consequence 11.profit 12.rise 13.rid 14.economic 15.poison 16.defence二 1.economy 2.poisonous 3.poverty 4.recycling 5. defence 6.officials 7. consequences8.farther/further 9.entirely 10.chemically 11.processing 12.rises 13.policies 14.protesters15.officially牛津译林版2020 必修三Unit 1 语法填空练习一：课文语法填空The Amazon rainforest, the largest rainforest in the world, crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. It covers 1. area of around 6 million square kilometres. It is named after the Amazon River, 2. is close to 6, 400 kilometres in length，3. ( support)many different ecosystems, which givethis area the richest biodiversity on the Earth, one tenth known species in the world living in it.There are 4. (variety) of plants in the Amazon rainforest. Of the 390, 000 plant species known to us, over 40, 000 can be found there. The forest's different levels support an 5. ( believe) variety of wildlife. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.There are more than 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals living there. Among them 6. (be) the jaguar, which can survive here.The Amazon rainforest is not only home to numerous species of animals and plants but also known as the "lungs of the planet", because it breathes life 7. the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. But over the past 50 years, 17 per cent of the rainforest 8. ( disappear) due to human activities. And some species are also in danger of9. (extinct). 10 . is time for us to do something to protect it.二：课文语法填空It is said 1. in the last 500 years, over 300 species of animals have gone extinct. Maybe a question springs 2. your mind: what is responsible for it? Recently environmental scientists have done a piece of research3.(show) that in fact, humans have4. greatest impact on animal populations.In order to get delicious food from animals, some people hunt and fish. Even some people hunt animals for fashion or for fun, 5. has directly influenced the world's' animal numbers.6. the human population increasing, we take up more land to build cities, which destroys animal habitats and leaves many animals with nowhere7. (live )，or no food to eat. Due to pollution 8. ( cause) by humanactivities, some animals' population 9. ( drop) greatly. As the human population continues to grow, 10. does the effect we have on animals.三：课文语法填空The TV host invites three guests (James Smith，Vincent Brown, and Julie Archer）to News that Matters to discuss the question 1. we should choose the economy or the environmer. The three have different opinions as follows.James Smith, a local resident, protests 2. heavy industry. In his hometown the air used to be fresh, the grass green, and the water clear, 3.things became entirely different after heavy industry factories 4 . (move ) in. The river is dirty and smelly. The sky isn't blue. He has even got a cough that he can't get rid of. For health and safety reasons alone, he thinks heavy industry has to go.However, Vincent Brown, a senior manager, doesn't agree with Smith's opinion. In5. (defend) of factories, he says they are responsible businessmen and 6.they have taken a lot of measures 7. (reduce) pollution in the production process 8. the fact that production costs are raised. Besides, they have created many jobs for local residents and helped the city's' economy grow.Julie Archer, an environmental protection expert, says that there are indeed conflicts between environmental protection and economic growth. However, if people try to work hand in hand with factories and the government, a balance between the environment and development can 9. (achieve ). Everyone can help by following the golden rule:reduce, reuse and recycle. The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. 10. is our duty to protect our environment while aiming for economic development.五：语法填空(2020江苏海安高级中学高二上期中)A lot of people feel overwhelmed when trying to make changes that help the planet. Conservation psychologist Janet Swim from the Pennsylvania State University says people often think their actions won't have enough of an impact on matters. "It's like, 'What can I do? It's just me.' " 1. it does matter a lot. "It's just like voting, 2 . psychologist says. "I vote. I'm only one person. But that is an important step 3. (take). We work together as a collective to do things." . And there's the multiplier effect."Small behavior matters particularly, especially when 4. ( accumulate), ” Swim says.Household behavior 5.( actual ) can make a substantial difference in 6 . (reduce) greenhouse gas emissions, according to researchers from Michigan State University and Vanderbilt University. Most of that potential comes from adopting energy-efficient behavior. Their research lists the most practical 17 steps 7. each American can take, including carpooling, weatherizing houses and driving fuel- efficient 8. ( vehicle ). If every American 9 . (take) these steps, according to these researchers, the total U.S. household emissions will be cut by 20% over ten years-an amount equal 10. the entire emission output of France.六：语法填空Environment-friendly ideas have been created to supply people with helpful （tip) onhow they can help the environment 2. well as save money. I honestly believe that everyone wants to help the environment.With electricity bills, water bills and all other expenses 3. ( continue) to rise, life is very hard for the average worker. No matter what your 4.( finance) position is, there is always something everyone can do 5 . (help) save our environment. We are not the only ones that live on this 6. (amaze) planet. We also share it 7.a wide range of strange and wonderful animals. It would be a great tragedy if they 8. (be) not around for our future generations to enjoy. Every little bit helps, so please do all 9. you can to protect our environment and the environment of these surprising animals.I hope these environment--friendy ideas can help everyone to do 10. (they) bit for the environment and help make this world a better place.答案：一：1.an 2.which 3.supporting 4.varieties 5.unbelievable6.is7. into8. has disappeared9. extinction 10. It二：1.that 2.to 3. showing 4.the 5. which 6. With 7. to live7.caused 9. has dropped 10. so三：1.whether 2. against 3.but 4. moved 5. defence 6. that 7. to reduce8.despite 9. be achieved 10. It四：1.But 2.the 3.to take 4. accumulating 5. actually 6. reducing 7. that9.vehicles 9. takes 10. to五：1. tips 2.as 3.continuing 4.financial 5. to help 6. amazing 7. with8.were 9. that 10. their语法专练1.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him_____.A．not to B．not to do C．not do it D．do not to2.—Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?—_____. I believe soA．I believe not B．I believe not so C．I don’t believe it D．I don't believe3.—What do you think made the girl so glad?—_____a beautiful necklace.A．As she received B．Receiving C．Received D．Because of receiving4. Father advised me not to say anything until _____ at the meeting.A．asking B．to ask C．asked D．ask5.—Have you watered the flowers?—No, but_____.A．I am B．I’m going C．I’m just going to D．I will go6. —He hasn’t gone to the office up to now.—Well, he_____.A．should B．ought to C．ought to go D．ought to have7.—The war is very likely to break out in the near future.—I _____, if the situation goes as it is.A．hope so B．hope not C．am afraid not D．am afraid so8.—You ought to have given them some advice.—_____, but who cared what I said?A．So ought you B．So I ought C．So I did D．So did you9. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____.whether he was going in the right direction.A．seeing B．having seen C．to see D．to have seen10. _____.he come, the problem would be settled.A．Would B．Should C．Shall D．If11.—Can I see you at 3:00 pm next Monday?—I_____. I will have flown to New York long before then.A．am afraid not B．am afraid so C．am afraid to D．am afraid not to12. —Is that a book on farming? If so, I want to borrow_____.—Yes, it is.A．this B．it C．one D．the one13. _____, I will help you with your work.A．If am possible B．If it possible C．If possible D．Possible14.—How are you getting on with your work?—Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as_____.A．plans B．planning C．planned D．to plan15.—Are you a volunteer now?—No, but I _____. I worked for the City Sports Meeting last year.A．used to B．used to be C．used to do D．was used toB．答案:1．A 2．A3．B 4．C 5．C6．D 7．D8．C9．C 10．B 11．A12．B13．C14．C15．B。

They say they expect the meeting to have a marked impact on the future of the country. 他们说期望这次会议对国家的未来产生显著的影响。
22.extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝，绝种 (3)→extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 已灭绝 的；绝种的
The scientists subscribe to the theory that running regularly can lengthen our lives. in length 长度 at length 最后，终于；详细地 at arm's length 以一臂之距
keep sb at arm's length与某人保持距离 lengthen vt. （使）变长 We have already discussed this matter at great length. 我们已经十分详尽地 讨论了这个问题。
9.beneath /bɪˈniːθ/ prep. 在…下面，在…下 方；配不上;（对某人来说）不够 好 (3)
The boat sank beneath the waves. 小船被大浪吞没了。
He considers such jobs beneath him. 他觉得这种工作有失他的身份。
He remains a towering figure in rock and roll. 他仍是摇滚乐界的一位杰出人物。 He towered over his classmates. 他的个儿比班里其他同学高出一大截。 12.living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的 n. 生计，谋生[ Cusually sing.]；生活方式 [ U] (3) living languages现用语言 earn/make a living谋生=earn one’s living谋生 What do you do for a living ? 你靠什么谋生？

词组积累与背诵
因为(P1)

on account of
对……展开报复
take(one’s)revenge on sb.
（对……）造成很大危害 domuchharm (to ...)
发出警报
sound the alarm
各种各样的野生动物(P2) awide range of wildlife
有活力；充满，到处都是 be alive with
11. If we don’t stop c__cl_im__a_te__ change, many animals and plants in the world will disappear. 12. I’m going to my office. Do you have any letters t_o_b_e_p_o_s_t_ed__(post)?
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
词汇练习与知识点回顾
I单词短语默写
1._____h_a_r_m___________ n.&vt.伤害，损害 2. _____s_o_il_____________ n.土壤；国土，领土，土地 3._____t_o_w_e_r_in_g________ adj.高大的，高耸的 4.______li_v_in_g_________ adj.活着的，活的；在使用的n.生计，谋生 5.______d_is_a_p_p_e_a_r_____ vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡 6.______d_a_m_a_g_e_______ vi.&n.损坏，破坏；损害，伤害 7 . _ _ _ _ _ _re_g_i_on_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ n . 地 区 ， 区 域 ； 行 政 区 8.______c_li_m_a_t_e_______ n.气候；倾向，风气 9.______a_b_so_l_u_te_ly______ adv.绝对地; 完全地；极其 10.______tr_a_c_k__________ vt. 跟踪，追踪 n.足迹