高三英语(人教版)一轮基础复习：必修三《Unit+2 Healt

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2014·银川、吴忠部分中学联考)Eating foods high in trans fats(反式脂肪) and saturated (饱和的)

fats increases the risk of depression，according to a Spanish study，confirming previous studies that linked

“junk food” with the disease.Researchers also showed that some products，such as olive oil，can fight

against the risk of mental illness.

Authors of the wide­reaching study，from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas，followed and

analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over 12，000 volunteers over six years.When the study began，none of the

participants had been diagnosed with depression；by the end，657 of them were new sufferers.

“Participants with an increased consumption of trans fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the

risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats，”the head

study author said.“The more trans fats were consumed，the greater harmful effect they produced on the

volunteers.”

The research team found，at the same time，that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made

up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil，these products are associated with a lower risk

of suffering depression.

The report，published in the online journal PLOS ONE，noted the research was performed on a

European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans fats－making up only 0.4 percent of the

total energy taken in by the volunteers.“Despite this，we observed an increase in the risk of suffering

depression of nearly 50 percent，”said researcher Miguel Martinez.“On this basis we think it of great

importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States，where the percentage of

energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.”

The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around 150

million people，and has increased in recent years.This rise is attributable，according to the authors，to great

changes in the sources of fats consumed in western diets，where we have replaced certain types of

beneficial fats in nuts，vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans fats found in meats，butter and

other products such as mass­produced cakes and fast food.

【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了吃含有极高反式脂肪和饱和脂肪的垃圾食品会增加患抑郁症的几率。

1．Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression?

A．Fish. B．Vegetable oils.

C．Olive oil. D．Butter.

解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第四段和最后一段中的“beneficial fats in nuts，vegetable oils and

fish with the saturated and trans fats found in meats，butter and other products”可知应选D。

2．The study tells us that________．

A．2.5% Americans suffer mental illness

B．12，000 volunteers from Navarra took part

C．a minority of participants became new sufferers

D．150 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle

解析：选C。细节理解题。从第二段第一句中的“over 12，000 volunteers”及第二句中的“by the

end，657 of them were new sufferers”可知，C项正确。

3．The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”．

A．obtained B．chosen

C．separated D．preserved 解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句及该段中的“making up only 0.4 percent of the total

energy taken in by the volunteers”可知，这里指的是美国人从反式脂肪中获得的能量的比率大约是2.5%。obtained与derived同义，故选A项。

4．More and more westerners are suffering depression because________．

A．they have less time for exercise

B．they eat more nuts，vegetable oils and fish

C．the sources of fats in their diets have changed

D．less meat，butter，and cakes are included in their diets

解析：选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句可知，这种增长归因于西方饮食中脂肪来源的很大改变，在这些来源中，我们已经用肉、黄油以及其他产品诸如大批量生产的蛋糕和快餐中的反式脂肪和饱和脂肪代替了坚果、植物油和鱼肉中的有益脂肪。故选C项。

B

(2014·郑州一中质检)When it comes to success in business and success in life，there are few qualities

as important as confidence.

People naturally have different levels of confidence.Some have a higher level of confidence than

others do，but even those whose confidence is lacking can learn to build their level of confidence and reach

their most important goals.Increasing self­confidence is one of the most common reasons people give for

seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals.

One of the many places where a greater level of confidence is useful is in the workplace.We all know

how difficult it can be，for instance，to ask the boss for a raise.This process can be extremely difficult for

those who lack confidence in their own abilities.After all，if you are unsure about your own abilities，how

will you ever convince your boss that you deserve more money for the work you do?

Even if you are not asking for that big raise，having plenty of confidence in your abilities is important

to success.If you are certain of your abilities，chances are that those around you，whether they are your