托福toefl真题9601

2021年5月26日托福阅读真题：1. glacier降雪比融化多的时候，会形成glacier. 以前，厚厚的冰雪完全覆盖北美和欧洲。

冰层随着时间消失，但是还是会出现的。

科学家收集证据证明冰原出现的时间。

他们发现了一种花粉。

然后，在很深的地下发现了地表才有的物质。

海水中的氧18会在海水蒸发时留下，而天气寒冷时会留下氧16.所以，测量氧18和氧16，可以证明当时的气候。

当然，树干的年轮也可以证明当时的气候比较寒冷，因为年轮比较粗。

2. reclamation，对海岸的改造3.学术界研究一个雕刻过的骨头是否为早期人类用来记录月亮规律的工具4.某个国家风车的演变过程托福考试阅读常见易错题目：易错题1：词汇题原因：这是托福阅读考试当是出场率较高的一类题型，这种题型的易错原因主要是因为词汇量不足、忽略词汇语境的作用导致的。

分析及解决方法：对于托福阅读考试当中出现频率较高的题型——词汇题，大部分原因是因为考生的词汇的不足，造成词汇不熟悉或者被选项词给难住了。

考生需要知道的是，托福阅读考试词汇题一般考察的是英语六级以上的词汇水平，要想这类题型不出错，那么你的词汇基础就一定要打好。

易错题2：句子简化题原因：这种题型可能大家最常见的解决方法就是根据翻译来解题，但是你的翻译正确吗？这就是这种题型错误的主要原因了。

分析及解决方法：这种题型的正确解题方法应该是利用对句子的理解来解题，而不是靠翻译，再说你的翻译也不一定是正确的。

这类题型容易出错的主要原因在于考生往往先对原句进行翻译，然后从选项中找出和原句翻译类似的答案。

这样的解题方式的弊端在于浪费时间，而且往往选项翻译都和原句出入不大，在选择时常常出错。

易错题3：文章总结题原因：托福阅读最后一题的错题率是非常高的，主要错题原因有答题时间不足或者考生能力不足。

分析及解决方法：文章总结题处在最后一题位置，题型分值较高但是极容易出错。

这个题型考察考生对于文章整体的把握，需要足够的解题时间。

历次托福考试的口语考试真题历次托福考试的口语考试真题一Some people think that college and university education should be free for all students. others think that students should pay fortheir college education? What’s your opinion? Use specific reasons to support your answer.iBT结构提纲：Intro：should payBody：1. burden on government resources2. cause problems3. lower competitivenessTransitional ： moreover，in addition, in sumConclusion：参考答案：Well，I don’t think the education should be given free to all.One shortcoming of free education might be that it puts a lot of burden on government resources. Then people will pay more taxes,which is something that people don't like.Moreover，the financing by the government may cause problems. If governments fully finance colleges and universities, universities would be subjected to the government and they could be limited when doing researches.In addition，as a result of the full assistance, competitiveness of colleges and universities may be lowered significantly. Regardless of their academic and educational performance，they will be financed after all.In sum,in order to give educational opportunities for many students,and ensure academic development, government should not fully finance colleges and universities.历次托福考试的口语考试真题二Which do you prefer to communicate with your family and friends by letter and e-mail or by telephone? Use specific reasons to support your answer.结构提纲：Intro：by telephoneBody：1. direct and fast2. make sure whether they are fine3 ? writing a letter is not practical and too slowTransitional words: also，soConclusion：use the phone参考答案：The lecture tells us about two marketing strategies normally applied in business. One is to choose the right time，the other is to choose the right geographic location. Then the professor goes on to explain that by giving two examples. One is that a toy car company is going to sell their products to children,so they put out their commercial at the time when children are watching their favorite channel. Then the kids will ask their parents to buy for them after they watch it on TV. Another example is a boat company often publicizes their products near the coastal areas like ocean，lake，which is the right place to increase their sales. While on the other hand, if they do theadvertising in the mainland, where there’s no river or water,theywon’t achieve a competitive advantage.历次托福考试的`口语考试真题三Reading:【学校通知】学校决定增加学生娱乐中心的会员费。

toefl考试题及答案
1. 阅读部分：在以下段落中，作者主要讨论了什么？
A. 环境问题对全球的影响
B. 科技发展对教育的影响
C. 城市化进程中的问题
D. 经济全球化的趋势
答案：B
2. 听力部分：在对话中，学生和教授讨论了什么主题？
A. 即将到来的假期计划
B. 一个历史事件的分析
C. 学生的研究项目进展
D. 教授的新课程安排
答案：C
3. 口语部分：在第一题中，考生被要求描述什么？
A. 一个重要的历史事件
B. 一个你曾经去过的地方
C. 一个你尊敬的人
D. 一个你最近读到的新闻故事
答案：B
4. 写作部分：在独立写作任务中，题目要求考生讨论什么？
A. 网络教育与传统教育的优劣
B. 城市生活与乡村生活的比较
C. 工作与学习之间的平衡
D. 科技对日常生活的影响
答案：A
5. 综合写作部分：阅读材料中提到的主要观点是什么？
A. 城市化导致环境问题
B. 科技发展对工作的影响
C. 教育投资对经济增长的重要性
D. 健康生活方式对长寿的影响
答案：C。

6-10 96年10月TOFEL 听力(Page45)A1. (A) He is playing tennis tomorrow.(B) Someone else has borrowed his racket.(C) His racket is not usable.(D) The woman should buy a new tennis racket.2. (A) The shirt is clean.(B) The shirt was not expensive.(C) The man should try to get his money back.(D) The shirt needs to be washed again.3. (A) She's willing to help the man.(B) She's sorry that she injured the man.(C) She'd like the man to repeat what he said.(D) She wants to know what happened to the man.4. (A) He tried to call the woman.(B) He was too busy to call the woman.(C) He didn't know he was supposed to call the woman.(D) He spoke to the woman on the phone last night.5. (A) She's annoyed by the man.(B) She'd like a sandwich.(C) She has already eaten.(D) She doesn't want anything to eat now.6. (A) She's not qualified to write the report.(B) She's too busy to help the man.(C) She's surprised by the man's request.(D) She'd rather meet the man tonight.7. (A) Write a check to pay for the books.(B) Place an order for more books.(C) Open the box of books that the company shipped.(D) Call the company she ordered the books from.8. (A) She has to type two more pages.(B) She finished her work long ago.(C) The man can help her when he's done.(D) They'll complete their work at about the same time.9. (A) It predicted the mayor would lose the election.(B) It clarified the mayor's position.(C) It didn't accurately represent the mayor's speech.(D) It listed the mayor's accomplishment.10. (A) He doesn't have time to go to a movie.(B) He's upset with the woman.(C) He doesn't usually enjoy comedies.(D) He has almost finished his work.11. (A) The bookstore is rarely crowded.(B) She's bought all her textbooks for this semester.(C) Many students have used books to sell.(D) Last semester's books cost her several hundred dollars.12. (A) The graph belongs in the center of the page.(B) She can't discuss the problem until later.(C) She's only finished half of the document.(D) They should look for another graph immediately.13. (A) He's supposed to go to the meeting.(B) He wants the woman to give George the message.(C) He doesn't know why George can't attend the meeting.(D) He forgot to deliver a message.14. (A) End his conversation quickly.(B) Make several calls for the woman.(C) Take the phone off the hook.(D) Write down his phone number.15. (A) Where to meet Sally.(B) Why Sally wants to meet them.(C) The location of the park.(D) The time of the meeting.16. (A) The woman does not remember her brother's address.(B) The letters were probably lost in the mail.(C) The woman will soon get used to college life.(D) The woman' s brother probably hasn't had time to write.17. (A) The man ordered his favorite flavor for the woman.(B) The woman doesn't have a favorite flavor.(C) The man didn't like the new flavor.(D) The woman has tasted the new flavor.18. (A) He started to work in a paint shop.(B) He hasn't started looking for an apartment.(C) He had an appointment with a painter today.(D) He isn't on schedule with his painting.19. (A) The woman's health has improved.(B) He does not have enough energy to exercise.(C) By themselves diets are not useful(D) Diets can be harmful.20. (A) His neighbors don't need his help.(B) His neighbors aren't very sociable.(C) His neighbors intend to go on vacation.(D) He's too busy to meet his neighbors.21. (A) Move the lamp.(B) Replace the rug.(C) Pick up one side of the desk.(D) She'll meet the man at the bank in half an hour.22. (A) The man should have gone to a different bank.(B) The man should do business at her bank.(C) She wouldn't have waited so long.(D) She'll meet the man at the bank in half an hour.23. (A) She is a good cook.(B) She lives far away from the woman.(C) She often takes trips abroad.(D) She often helps people.24. (A) The station is at the end of the street.(B) She met an old friend on the subway.(C) Her friend lives near the subway station.(D) She's picking someone up at the subway station.25. (A) Which company the woman will do business with.(B) Where the woman's business will take place.(C) Which hotel the woman will stay in.(D) Where the woman will fly to.26. (A) She hasn't liked the recent weather.(B) She's been a little sick.(C) She's finally gotten over her fever.(D) She's had a lot of bad luck lately.27. (A) Borrow the money for the first two months' rent.(B) Look for a less expensive apartment(C) Ask his landlord to reassure the owners of the apartment.(D) Write a letter to the owners of the apartment.28. (A) The man lost his address book.(B) The man and the woman already know each other.(C) The man is sorry to bother Jack Easton.(D) Jack Easton and the woman work for the same company.29. (A) The two o'clock train has a dining car.(B) The two o'clock train will arrive later than the nonstop one.(C) She plans to eat on the train.(D) She prefers to take the two o'clock train.30. (A) The woman is worried about losing some papers.(B) The woman wants the man to find the report.(C) The woman saved her report until the last minute.(D) The woman's report was thrown out by the man.31. (A) A physics exam.(B) A lecture they plan to attend(C) An assignment.(D) Their favorite poets.32. (A) When the report is due.(B) How he chose his topic.(C) If he passed the course.(D) Whether her talk is clear.33. (A) Listen to the woman's talk.(B) Study for a test.(C) Go to class.(D) Prepare his presentation.34. (A) In the library.(B) In the woman's dormitory.(C) In an empty classroom.(D) In the dining hall.35. (A) A professor's lecture.(B) A magazine article.(C) A television program.(D) A doctor's report.36. (A) Body size and shape.(B) Influence from the parents(C) Physical characteristics of the head.(D) Conditioning from the environment.37. (A) Different sections of the brain control different body functions.(B) Blows to certain areas of the skull will affect some brain functions.(C) Stimulating certain sections of the brain will increase brain functions.(D) Physical and mental abilities are localized in one section of the brain.38. (A) The growth of the publishing industry.(B) The history of papermaking.(C) The uses of paper in the nineteenth century.(D) The composition of wood fiber.39. (A) Publishers wanted higher quality paper.(B) Paper made from rags deteriorated too quickly(C) Wood pulp had become too expensive.(D) The supply of rags was insufficient.40. (A) It turned out high-quality paper.(B) It used wood imported from the United States.(C) It caused a serious deforestation problem.(D) There was a ready marker for its product.41. (A) It is difficult to obtain.(B) Paper cannot be made without it.(C) It causes paper to deteriorate.(D) It prevents wood from being turned into pulp.42. (A) Many of their books are in poor condition.(B) They have too many books from the early 1800's.(C) They don't have enough space to store government documents.(D) They have to import most of the paper they use.43. (A) Attitudes toward employment.(B) Attitudes toward leisure activities.(C) Shifting job opportunities.(D) The evolution of the weekend.44. (A) Which days people should work.(B) How the week is divided into days.(C) Which day begins the work.(D) How many weeks there are in a month.45. (A) The weekend has decreased in length.(B) The number of national holidays has increased.(C) People work fewer days per week.(D) People work more hours each day.46. (A) It was six days long.(B) It didn't include Saturday afternoon.(C) It always included at least one holiday.(D) It didn't allow the workers time off.47. (A) It would make the workday longer.(B) It would allow people to work on the weekend.(C) It would make leisure activities expensive.(D) It would create much more free time.48. (A) She went to college nearby.(B) She won a contest.(C) Her family vacationed there.(D) She was a friend of Leonard Bernstein's.49. (A) It's difficult to hear.(B) The lawn is usually very crowded.(C) The setting isn't very pretty.(D) The audience might get wet.50. (A) It is held in Boston.(B) All the seats are indoors.(C) It is not well known.(D) It has been going on for a long time.96年10月TOFEL 语法(Page46)B1. Charlie Parker, _____ was one of the creators of the music style called "bop."(A) a great jazz improviser who(B) to improvise great jazz(C) a great jazz improviser(D) improvised great jazz.2. The world's deepest cave, Pierre St. Martin in the Pyrenees Mountains, is almost three times as deep _____.(A) as the Empire State Building is high.(B) That the Empire State Building is higher.(C) Is higher than the Empire State Building(D) And the Empire State Building's height.3. When Columbus reached the New World, corn was the _____ in the Americas.(A) widely most grown plant.(B) Most widely grown plant(C) Most grown widely plant(D) Plant widely grown most.4. Because kaolin shrinks in firing at a different rate than ordinary clay, _____ when creating pottery using both types of clay.(A) special handling is required(B) special handling required(C) a requirement of special handling(D) the required special handling5. The ceremonial Chilcat blanket of the Northwest Tlingit Indians was generally _____ from cedar bark, wool, and goats' hair.(A) wove(B) to weave(C) weaving(D) woven6. _____ composed traditionally has been a subject of debate among scholars.(A) Were ballads how(B) Ballads were how they(C) How ballads that were(D) How ballads were7. Jupiter, the closest of the giant planets to Earth, has _____ solid surface and is surrounded by zones of intense radiation.(A) not(B) nor(C) no(D) neither.8. The black-billed cuckoo has been known to steal eggs _____ to other birds.(A) belong(B) which belonging(C) which they belong(D) that belong9. The purpose of phonetics is _____ an inventory and a description of the sounds found in speech.(A) to provide(B) provided(C) which provided(D) providing that10. Earthquakes can damage a tree _____ violently, and it can take several years for the tree to heal.(A) to cause shaking(B) when shaking it causes(C) by causing it to shake(D) to cause to shake it11. _____ bacteria in foods are killed, as they are during baking or stewing, decay is slowed down.(A) What(B) The(C) If(D) So12. The colors and patterns of the wings of butterflies and moths help _____ the organism against predators.(A) protect(B) being protected(C) protecting(D) protection of13. In 1993 the Library of Congress appointed author Rita Dove _____ of the United States.(A) as was poet laureate(B) was poet laureate(C) poet laureate(D) and poet laureate14. At the South Pole _____, the coldest and most desolate region on Earth.(A) Antarctica lies where(B) Where Antarctica lies(C) Antarctica lies and(D) Lies Antarctica15. Tornados, powerful, destructive wind storms, occur most often in the spring when hot winds _____ over flat land encounter heavy cold air.(A) which to rise.(B) that rising(C) are rising(D) rising16. Many exercises such as calisthenics, running, or to swim involve producingABmuscle tension through a range of movements that are called isotonics.CD17. Intelligence, education, and experience all helps shape management style.A B CD18.The basic elements of public-opinion research are interviewers, questionnaires,A Btabulating equipment, and to sample population.C D19. Conservation organizations help for to preserve the ecology of an area by keepingA BCtrack of endangered species.D20. Gwendolyn Brooks, which won a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1950, had 75 poems publishedAB Cby the time she was twenty.D21. Halifax is largest city and chief port of Nova Scotia and is the eastern terminus ofA B Canada's two great railway systems.C D22. T. S. Eliot received wide recognition after publishes The Waste Land, which fusedABpoetic traditions with elements of modern music and language.C D23.Numerous types of cells, such as skin cells and white blood cells, have the power reproduceA BC Dasexually.24. The knee is more likely to be damage than most other joints because it is subjectA BCto tremendous forces during vigorous activity.D25. Although ferns lack flowers, they do have leaves, stems, and root.A B CD26. Crazy Horse is generally recognized for his courageous and skill, and he wasA Brevered by the Sioux as their greatest leader.C D27. In medicine, certain plastics have important uses because they do not affected byA BCchemicals in the body, and they do not harm the body.D28. Since a hospital is organized to protect and treat people who are ill, its goals,Astructures, and functions depend on the currently state of medical science.B C D29. A change in direction of the monsoon winds result from the differences betweenABthe heating or cooling of landmasses and that of oceans.C D30.Small distinctions among stamps, unimportant to the person average, would meanAB Ca great deal to the stamp collector.D31. Members of a nation's foreign service represent that country's interests abroadABand report on the conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they areCDstationed.32. Abraham Lincoln's boyhood home resembled those of many others mid-westernABpioneers, with its dirt floor, sleeping loft, and crude fireplace.C D33. Dwelling primarily in the ice northern polar seas, beluga whales areA BCcharacteristically small, white, agile, and elusive.D34.There is evidence that the caribou originated into North America and crossed overA BCal land bridge into Asia and evolved into the Old World's reindeer.D35. The bold way in which Margaret Mead defined the terms "family" - based asA BCmuch on choice as on biological relationship - is possibly the most enduring of herDlegacies.36.The planet Mars is a freezing, barren deserts with huge, dry canyons and toweringA B CDvolcanoes.37. Of the many machines invented in the late nineteenth century, none had a greatAB Cimpact on the United States economy than the automobile.D38. A number of the Pacific Islands are volcanoes that have pushed up from the oceanABfloor, others are the tops sunken mountain ranges.C D39. It has been reported that during any twenty-four hour period, a minimal of threeA BBhundred North American women start their own businesses.D40. Archeological studies have provided evidence that the use of plants for decorationA B Cas well as for food developed early in the history.D96年10月TOFEL 阅读(Page47-48)CQuestion 1-8When Jules Verne wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth in 1864, there were many conflicting theories about the nature of the Earth's interior. Some geologists thought that it contained a highly compressed ball of incandescent gas, while others suspected that it consisted of separate shells, each made of a different material. Today, well over a century later, there is still little direct evidence of what lies beneath our feet. Most of our knowledge of the Earth's interior comes not from mines or boreholes, but from the study of seismic waves - powerful pulses of energy released by earthquakes.The way that seismic waves travel shows that the Earth's interior is far from uniform. Thecontinents and the seabed are formed by the crust - a thin sphere of relatively light, solid rock. Beneath the crust lies the mantle, a very different layer that extends approximately halfway to the Earth's center. There the rock is the subject of a battle between increasing heat and growing pressure.In its high levels, the mantle is relatively cool; at greater depths, high temperatures make the rock behave more like a liquid than a solid. Deeper still, the pressure is even more intense, preventing the rock from melting in spite of a higher temperature.Beyond a depth of around 2,900 kilometers, a great change takes place and the mantle gives way to the core. Some seismic waves cannot pass through the core and others are bent by it. From this and other evidence, geologists conclude that the outer core is probably liquid, with a solid center. It is almost certainly made of iron, mixed with smaller amounts of other elements such as nickel.The conditions in the Earth's core make it a far more alien world than space. Its solid iron heart is subjected to unimaginable pressure and has a temperature of about 9,000oF. Although scientists can speculate about its nature, neither humans nor machines will ever be able to visit it.1. The word "conflicting" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) controlling(B) outdated(C) opposing(D) important2. What is today's richest source of information about the Earth's interior for geologists?(A) Boreholes(B) Shells(C) Seismic waves(D) Mines3. The word "There" in line 12 refers to the(A) mantle(B) crust(C) seabed(D) Earth's center.4. Which of the following is a primary characteristic of the Earth's mantle?(A) Light, solid rock(B) Uniformity of composition(C) Dramatically increasing pressure(D) Compressed, incandescent gas5. The phrase "gives way to" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) runs along(B) rubs against(C) turns into(D) floats on6. The word "it" in line 19 refers to(A) mantle(B) core(C) change(D) depth7. Why does the author state in line 22 that the Earth's core is "more alien" than space?(A) Government funds are not available to study the Earth's core.(B) Scientists aren't interested in the characteristics of the Earth's core.(C) It is impossible to go to the Earth's core to do research.(D) The Earth's core is made of elements that are dangerous to humans.8. The word "speculate" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) report(B) learn(C) worry(D) hypothesizeQuestion 9-20Despite the road improvements of the turnpike era (1790-1830). Americans continued as in colonial times to depend wherever possible on water routes for travel and transportation. The larger rivers, especially the Mississippi and the Ohio, became increasingly useful as steamboats grew in number and improved in design.River boats carried to New Orleans the corn and other crops of northwestern farmers, the cotton and tobacco of southwestern planters. From New Orleans, ships took the cargoes on to eastern seaports. Neither the farmers of the west nor the merchants of the east were completely satisfied with this pattern of trade. Farmers could get better prices for their crops if the alternative existedof sending them directly eastward to market and merchants could sell larger quantities of their manufactured goods if these could be transported more directly and more economically to the west. New waterways were needed. Sectional jealousies and constitutional scruples stood in the way of action by the federal government and necessary expenditures were too great for private enterprise. If extensive canals were to be dug, the job would be up to the various states.New York was the first to act. It had the natural advantage of a comparatively level route between the Hudson River and Lake Erie, through the only break in the entire Appalachian Mountain chain. Yet the engineering tasks were imposing. The distance was more than 350 miles and there were ridges to cross and a wilderness of woods and swamps to penetrate. The Erie Canal begun in 1817 and completed in 1825, was by far the greatest construction job that Americans had ever undertaken. It quickly proved a financial success as well. The prosperity of the Erie encouraged the state to enlarge its canal system by building several branches.The range of the New York canal system was still further extended when the states of Ohio and Indiana, inspired by the success of the Erie Canal, provided water connections between Lake Erie and the Ohio River.9. What does the passage suggest was the principal route for transporting crops to the east prior in1825?(A) River to road(B) Canal to river(C) River to ocean(D) Road to canal.10. It can be inferred from the passage that shipping cargo east by way of New Orleans was(A) Advantageous for manufactures(B) Inexpensive for merchants(C) Not economical for farmers(D) Considered economical by the government11. The word "alternative" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) option(B) transition(C) intention(D) authorization12. The word "them" in line 9 refers to(A) crops(B) farmers(C) prices(D) merchants13. Which of the following products would a northwestern farmer in the early nineteenthcentury be most likely to purchase from the east?(A) Grain(B) Vegetables(C) Textiles(D) Fruit.14. According to the passage, where was the Erie Canal located?(A) Between Ohio and Indiana.(B) Along the Appalachian Mountains(C) Between Lake Erie and the Ohio River(D) Across New York State.15. The word "imposing" in line 18 could best be replaced by(A) impractical(B) successful(C) demanding(D) misleading16. The word "penetrate" in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) cut down(B) go through(C) fill up(D) take over17. The word "its" in line 22 refers to(A) prosperity(B) Erie(C) System(D) State18. The word "extended" in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) increased(B) constructed(C) deepened(D) measured19. According to the passage, Indiana and Ohio supported the development of the New Yorkcanal system by(A) helping to build the Erie Canal.(B) Building branches to connect it with the Ohio River(C) Providing much of the water for the Erie Canal.(D) Contributing financially to the construction costs20. What does the paragraph following the passage probably discuss?(A) Industry on Lake Erie(B) Canals in Ohio and Indiana(C) Sectional jealousies in Indiana and Ohio(D) Travel on the Erie Canal.Question 21-31Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861-1865) a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had they survived?The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in their haste to cross the "Great American Desert" to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the West that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless.Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible for cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They had wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses. Variously known as buffalo grass, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground. When they dried in this way, they remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to fend for themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after year for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses.21. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Western migration after the Civil War(B) The climate of the western United States(C) The raising of cattle.(D) A type of wild vegetation22. What can be inferred by the phrase "Legend has it" in line 1?(A) The story of the train may not be completely factual.(B) Most history books include the story of the train.(C) The driver of the train invented the story.(D) The story of the train is similar to other ones from that time period.23. The word "they" in line 5 refers to(A) plains(B) skeletons(C) oxen(D) Americans24. What can be inferred about the "Great American Desert" mentioned in line 7?(A) It was not originally assumed to be a fertile area.(B) Many had settled there by the 1860's.(C) It was a popular place to raise cattle before the Civil War.(D) It was not discovered until the late 1800's.25. The word "barren" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) lonely(B) dangerous(C) uncomfortable(D) infertile.26. The word "preferred" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) ordinary(B) available(C) required(D) favored27. Which of the following can be inferred about the cultivated grass mentioned in the secondparagraph?(A) Cattle raised in the western United States refused to eat it.(B) It would probably not grow in the western United States.(C) It had to be imported into the United States.(D) It was difficult for cattle to digest.28. Which of the following was NOT one of the names given to the Western grasses?(A) Grama grass(B) Bluejoint grass(C) Buffalo grass(D) Mesquite grass29. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a characteristic of western grasses?(A) They have tough stems.(B) They are not affected by dry weather.(C) They can be grown indoors.(D) They contain little moisture.30. The word "hard" in line 19 is closest in meaning to(A) firm(B) severe(C) difficult(D) bitter31. According to the passage, the cattle helped promote the growth of the wild grasses by(A) stepping on and pressing the seeds into the ground(B) naturally fertilizing the soil(C) continually moving from one grazing area to another(D) eating only small quantities of grass.Question 32-44Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages. During the first half of the eighteenth century, however, houses began to show a new elegance. As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies, the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England. Inventories of colonial libraries show an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders, and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence. Nevertheless, most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design, whether the material was wood, stone, or brick. New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and other towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of stone,。

2021年托福考试专项培训测试题及答案六Perhaps one of the most dramatic and important changes that took place in the Mesozoic era occurred late in that era, among the small organisms that populate the uppermost, sunlit portion of the oceans — the plankton. The term "plankton" is a broad one, designating all of the small plants and animals that float about or weakly propel themselves through the sea. In the late stages of the Mesozoic era, during the Cretaceous period, there was a great expansion of plankton that precipitated skeletons or shells composed of two types of mineral: silica and calcium carbonate.This development radically changed the types of sediments that accumulated on the seafloor, because, while the organic parts of the plankton decayed after the organisms died, their mineralized skeletons often survived and sank to the bottom. For the first time in the Earth's long history, very large quantities of silica skeletons, which would eventually harden into rock, began to pile upin parts of the deep sea. Thick deposits of calcareous oozemade up of the tiny remains of the calcium carbonate-secreting plankton also accumulated as never before. The famous white chalk cliffs of Dover, in the southeast of England, are just one example of the huge quantities of such material that amassed during the Cretaceous period; there are many more. Just why the calcareous plankton were so prolific during the latter part of the Cretaceous period is not fully understood. Such massive amounts of chalky sediments have never since been deposited over a comparable period of time.The high biological productivity of the Cretaceous oceans also led to ideal conditions for oil accumulation. Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum. Sediments richin organic material accumulated along the margins of the Tethys Seaway, the tropical east-west ocean that formed when Earth's single landmass (known as Pangaea) split apart during the Mesozoic era. Many of today's important oil fields are found in those sediments — in Russia, the Middle East, the Gulf of Mexico, and in the states of Texas and Louisiana in the United States.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) How sediments were built up in oceans during the Cretaceous period(B) How petroleum was formed in the Mesozoic era(C) The impact of changes in oceanic animal and plant life in the Mesozoic era(D) The differences between plankton found in the present era and Cretaceous plankton2. The passage indicates that the Cretaceous period occurred(A) in the early part of the Mesozoic era(B) in the middle part of the Mesozoic era(C) in the later part of the Mesozoic era(D) after the Mesozoic era3. The passage mentions all of the following aspects of plankton EXCEPT(A) the length of their lives(B) the level of the ocean at which they are found(C) their movement(D) their size4. The word "accumulated" in line 8 is closest in meaning to(A) depended(B) matured成熟的(C) dissolved(D) collected5. According to the passage , the most dramatic change to the oceans caused by plankton during the Cretaceous period concerned(A) the depth of the water(B) the makeup of the sediment on the ocean floor(C) the decrease in petroleum-producing sediment(D) a decline in the quantity of calcareous ooze on the seafloor6. The "white chalk cliffs of Dover" are mentioned in line 14 of the passage to(A) show where the plankton sediment first began to build up(B) provide an example of a plankton buildup that scientists cannot explain(C) provide an example of the buildup of plankton sediment(D) indicate the largest single plankton buildup on Earth7. The word "prolific多产的" in line 17 is closest in meaning to(A) fruitful(B) distinct(C) determined(D) energetic8. The word "ideal" in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) common(B) clear(C) perfect(D) immediate9. The word "it" in line 22 refers to(A) biological productivity(B) oil(C) organic material(D) petroleumCCADB CACC。

托福考试专项测试试题含答案text oneThe principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness com#munities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection ofplantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that citiesstarted drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.(B) The evolution of cities in North America(C) Trade between North American and European cities(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.2. The word "they" in line 4 refers to(A) North American colonies(B) cities(C) centuries(D) town economies3. The passage com#pares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of the following?(A) Their economic success(B) The type of merchandise they exported(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements(D) The pace of their development4. The word "accordingly因此" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) as usual(B) in contrast(C) to some degree(D) for that reason5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of North America due to(A) an abundance of natural resources(B) financial support from colonial governments(C) proximity to parts of Europe(D) a favorable climate6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, theAtlantic coastline cities prepared which of the following for shipment to Europe?(A) Manufacturing equipment(B) Capital goods(C) Consumer goods(D) Raw materials7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the growth of southern cities EXCEPT the(A) location of the plantations(B) access of plantation owners to shipping(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in com#parison with northern cities, most southern cities were(A) more prosperous(B) smaller(C) less economically self-sufficient(D) tied less closely to England than to France9. The word "recorded" in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) imagined(B) discovered(C) documented 记录(D) planned10. The word "drawing拉" in line 28 is closest in meaning to(A) attracting(B) employing(C) instructing(D) representing11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states参考答案1-11 BBDDC DCBCA C。

托福试题及答案1. Directions: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In the modern world, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives. From smartphones to smart homes, technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interact with each other. However, with the rapid advancement of technology, there are concerns about its impact on privacy and security. As we become more reliant on technology, the potential for misuse and abuse of personal information has increased. This has led to a growing demand for better security measures and privacy protection.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. What concerns arise with the advancement of technology according to the passage?3. What is the demand mentioned in the passage?Answers:1. The main topic of the passage is the impact of technology on our daily lives.2. The passage raises concerns about privacy and security due to the advancement of technology.3. The demand mentioned in the passage is for better security measures and privacy protection.2. Directions: Listen to the following conversation and choose the correct answer.Conversation:A: Have you heard about the new restaurant in town?B: Yeah, I've been there. The food is amazing.A: Really? What did you order?B: I had the grilled salmon with a side of asparagus.A: That sounds delicious. I'll have to try it next time.Questions:1. What is the topic of conversation?2. What did B order at the new restaurant?3. What is A's response to B's recommendation?Answers:1. The topic of conversation is a new restaurant in town.2. B ordered grilled salmon with a side of asparagus.3. A's response is positive and indicates interest in trying the dish.3. Directions: Complete the sentence by choosing the correct word from the options provided.Sentence:The company has experienced a significant _______ in sales over the past year.Options:A. increaseB. decreaseC. fluctuationD. stagnationAnswer:A. increase4. Directions: Rewrite the following sentence using synonyms or paraphrasing.Original Sentence:The rapid growth of the internet has led to a surge in online shopping.Rewritten Sentence:The swift expansion of the internet has resulted in a dramatic rise in e-commerce.5. Directions: Choose the correct preposition to fill in the blank.Sentence:The meeting will be held _______ 3:00 PM.Answer:at6. Directions: Identify the grammatical error in thefollowing sentence and provide the correct version.Original Sentence:She don't like to eat vegetables.Corrected Sentence:She doesn't like to eat vegetables.7. Directions: Translate the following sentence from English to French.English Sentence:I am going to the library to study.French Translation:Je vais à la bibliothèque pour étudier.8. Directions: Choose the correct answer based on the given information.Information: The average temperature in the city during the summer is 30°C.Question: What is the average temperature in the city during the summer?Answer:30°C9. Directions: Solve the following math problem.Problem:If a store sells 50 items at $10 each, what is the total revenue?Answer:$50010. Directions: Write a brief summary of the following paragraph.Paragraph:The rise of social media has changed the way people communicate. It has made it easier for individuals to share their thoughts and opinions with a wide audience. However, it has also led to the spread of misinformation and the polarization of public opinion.Summary:Social media has facilitated communication and opinion sharing but has also contributed to misinformation and opinion polarization.。

TOEFL全真试题（1-2）READING COMPREHENSIONQuestions 1-9The ocean bottom ------a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of theEarth ---- is a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Untilabout a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible, hidden beneathwaters averaging over 3,600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intensepressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth s surface, the deep-ocean bottomis a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the voidof outer space.Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments forover a century, the first detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did notactually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundation s DeepSea Drilling Project (DSDP).Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil andgas industry, the DSDP s drill ship, theGlomar Challenger, was able to maintain asteady position on the ocean s surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samplesof sediments and rock from the ocean floor.The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year research program thatended in November 1983. During this time, the vessel logged 600,000 kilometers andtook almost 20,000 core samples of seabed sediments and rocks at 624 drilling sitesaround the world. The Glomar Challenger s core samples have allowed geologiststo reconstruct what the planet looked like hundred of millions of years ago and tocalculate what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today, largelyon the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger s voyages, nearlyall earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift thatexplain many of the geological processes that shape the Earth.The cores of sediment drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also yieldedinformation critical to understanding the world s past climates. Deep-ocean sedimentsprovide a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years, because theyare largely isolated from the mechanical erosion and the intense chemical and biologicalactivity that rapidly destroy much land-based evidence of past climates. This record hasalready provided insights into the patterns and causes of past climatic change ---information that may be used to predict future climates.1.The author refers to the ocean bottom as a "frontier" in line2 because it(A)is not a popular area for scientific research(B)contains a wide variety of life forms(C)attracts courageous explorers(D)is an unknown territory2.The word "inaccessible" in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A)unrecognizable(B)unreachable(C)unusable(D)unsafe3.The author mentions outer space in line 7 because(A)the Earth s climate millions of years ago was similar to conditions in outer space.(B)it is similar to the ocean floor in being alien to the human environment(C)rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor(D)techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in oceanexploration4. Which of the following is true of the Glomar Challenger?(A) It is a type of submarine.(B) It is an ongoing project.(C) It has gone on over 100 voyages(D) It made its first DSDP voyage in 19685. The word " extracting " in line 13 is closest in meaning to(A) breaking(B) locating(C) removing(D) analyzing6. The deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was(A) an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas(B) the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom(C) composed of geologists form all over the world(D) funded entirely by the gas and oil industry7. The word " strength " in line21 is closest in meaning to(A)basis(B)purpose(C)discovery(D)endurance8.The word " they " in line26 refers to(A)years(B)climates(C)sediments(D)cores9.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep SeaDrilling Project?(A) Geologists were able to determine the Earth s appearance hundreds of millions of years ago.(B) Two geological theories became more widely accepted(C) Information was revealed about the Earth s past climatic changes.(D) Geologists observed forms of marine life never before seen.。

蓝色字为注释，红色字为尚待校正部分。

个人能力有限，必有不准确之处，请大家核实。

感谢在此之前，所有参与提供或修改听力原文的「傻友」！96年1月托福听力文字The greatest power you possess for succeeding in life is your understanding that life gives you a fresh start any moment you choose to start fresh.Part A1. A: It's such a nice day. Why don't we have lunch outside?B: OK. But let's find some place that's not too noisy.Q: What does the man mean?2. A: Look at the time. I'm going to miss my bus.B: Don't worry. I'll drive you to the stop. And if the bus has already left, I can get you to your apartment.Q: What does the woman mean?3. A: Can you recommend a hotel in New York?B: Well, I can think of several. What's your budget like?Q: What does the man imply?4. A: Any messages for me?B: Someone did call. But there was so much static（静电噪音），I couldn't make out what he was saying.Q: What does the woman mean?5. A: Didn't George give a great speech?B: Are you serious?Q: What can be inferred about the woman?6. A: Can I open a checking account here?B: I'm sorry. You'll have to step over to the manager's desk.Q: What does the woman imply?7. A: Now that I've finished my exams. I'm gonna relax and go to a movie tonight.B: Lucky you! I've still got two more finals to take.Q: What can be inferred about the woman?8. A: It's very nice of you to give me your tickets for the play.B: Please. Don't mention it. I'm going to be out of town this weekend anyway.Q: What can be inferred about the man?9. A: I almost forgot. I still owe you ten dollars from the other night.You have change for a twenty?B: Oh--. Not at the moment. Let's just straighten it out（算清）some other time.Q: What does the woman mean?10. A: Hey! What happened to all that food we bought? The refrigerator is empty.B: My little brother with a big appetite was here. He really cleaned these out.Q: What does the man mean?11. A: I'm taking Prof. Born's course next semester. Anything I need to know aboutit?B: If I were you. I'll take careful notes. Her exams are based on her lectures. Q: What advice does the man give the woman?12. A: I'm glad you finally decided to go skiing with us next week.B: I still have to get my supervisor to agree to it.Q: What does the woman imply?13. A: Did you see the college newspaper? They did a story on our voter registrationcampaign.B: I did. Maybe it'll spark some interest on campus. Without more volunteers we'll never meet our goal.Q: What does the man mean?14. A: Have you net the new sales manager yet?B: We've been introduced about three times, he seems a little forgetful.Q: What can be inferred about the sales manager?15. A: Excuse me, but do you happen to have change for the parking meter（停车计时器，以硬币付费）?B: No. But if you go into the restaurant you'll probably be able to change a dollar bill.Q: What does the woman want to do?16. A: I am going to tell that neighbor of mine to turn down that music once andfor all（一劳永逸地；断然地）.B: I see why you are angry. But I've always found that the polite route is the most effective.Q: What does the man mean?17. A: I love your new sofa. But why don't you put it over there under the window?B: Oh, but the plants are doing well on the table there.Q: What does the man imply?18. A: At the rate of its being used, the copier（复印机）is not going to make itthrough the rest of the year.B: The year? It's supposed to be good for five.Q: What does the woman say about the copier?19. A: I've been invited to a dinner party at Janet's. Do you think I should bringsomething?B: You could pick up a cake. Chocolate is her favorite.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?20. A: I'm sorry I missed your soccer game. But I had the flu.B: Don't worry about it. We couldn't have played worse.（我们表现差劲极了）Q: What does the woman mean?21. A: Do you feel like watching the evening news?B: You ought to stay away from me. I have a bad could and wouldn't want you tocatch it.Q: What does the woman mean?22. A: Hew! It's a real scorcher today.B: And the forecasters are saying there is no end in sight（眼前没有要结束的迹象）.Q: What does the man imply?23. A: Oho. Look I'm going to be a little late for class. I hope Prof. Clark doesstart on time today.B: Are you kidding? You can set your watch by the start of his class.Q: What can be inferred about Prof. Clark?24. A: Are you keeping current on news（注意当前消息）from home since you've beenhere?B: I've been getting weekly updates.Q: What does the man mean?25. A: Well, what did you think of the theater director?B: You mean Emily Thompson? She was away attending a conference.Q: What does the man mean?26. A: That movie was awful. And yet it got such great reviews（好评）.B: It was hardly worth the price of the admission(还不值门票的钱).Q: What does the man mean?27. A: I'm just looking for bike that will me get to the library and back.B: With the road of the way they are you'll need a sturdy one.Q: What does the woman imply?28. A: I'll take this suit. It fits me really well. And while I amend(改进) it, Ilike the shirt and the tie too.B: We have some nice socks that match.Q: What does the woman mean?29. A: Sorry I didn't see you on the news.B: Yeah. And it's not likely they are going to rebroadcast it anytime soon.Q: What does the man imply?30. A: The science exhibit is opening today. You are coming with me this afternoon,aren't you?B: I have too much work to do for tomorrow.Q: What does the man mean?PART B31-34W: Hello, John. You must be pleased. After all, how many students are lucky enough to have been accepted at their first and second choices?M: Not many I know. But I'm not sure yet which one to choose.M: Well, you seem to have doubts about the state university. But its biology department has a fine reputation. What more could a biology major want?M: Yeah. And they also have internships（实习医师期）for seniors. But a friend toldme that for the first two years some lectures have a hundred and fifty students.You probably wouldn't get to know any of your teachers.W: Well, you might actually, because those classes also have small discussion sections. They meet twice a week, and have no more than twenty students.M: I know. But I've heard that they are usually taught by graduate students. At White Stone College all classes are taught by professors.W: What about Stating(位置)? Do you prefer a small town like White Stone? Or a bigger place like the state capital?M: That doesn't matter to me. What I do care about is getting individual attention from the faculty than making friends.W: Look, I've known you for four years now and you seem to be a pretty outgoing person.I don't think you have any trouble making friends at the state university. Itsounds to me that you are leaning toward White Stone though?M: I am. The only problem is that the White Stone's tuition is really high and I'm not sure I can afford it.W: You could still apply for a student loan or sign up for a work-study program. M: Yeah. I think I'll look into that.31. Why did the man go to see the woman?32. What concern does the man have about the state university?33. What does the man consider to be an advantage of the White Stone College?34. What is the man likely to do in the near future?35-39M: Hi, Claire. How does it feel to be back on campus?W: Keach, hi. Well, to tell you the truth, I have mixed feelings.M: Oh, why?W: I have this great summer job that I really hated to leave. I worked at the wild life research center in Maryland.M: That makes sense for a genetic major. What did you do? Clean the cages?W: This is a wild life center, not a zoo. This place breeds endangered species and tries to prepare them for life in the wild.M: You mean the endangered species like the tiger and the panda?W: Well, endangered species, yes, but not tigers or pandas. I was working with whooping cranes（鹤）and sandtail cranes. It was really neat. I taught the baby crane how to eat and drink, and I help the vet（兽医）give them medical check-ups. M: I can see why it was hard to leave that job. But how did you teach a bird how to eat and drink?W: We covered ourselves up with cloth and used puppets made out of stuffed cranes to show the baby chicks what to do. Then the chicks copied what the puppets did. M: Cloth? Puppets? Sounds like fun.W: It was. The cloth and puppets are the key tool of this. We all covered ourselves up, the scientists, the vets, the junior staff, everybody. You see, baby craneswill become attached to their care-takers.M: So if the care-taker is a person, the crane will stay in places where people are. W: Yeah. And their chances for survival aren't very good. But by covering ourselves and by using bird puppets the chicks are more likely to seek out other birds rather than people. And their transition to the wild has a better chance of being successful.M: A chance of being successful? Hasn't this been done before?W: It's been done with sandtail cranes and everyone is optimistic about its work with whooping cranes too.M: If this works, it should increase the number of cranes in the wild.W: Yeah. It's exciting, isn't it?35. Why does the woman say she has a mixed feelings?36. What was the woman's job?37. What is the goal of the wild life center?38. Why does the man mention the tigers and pandas?39. Why do the staff members cover themselves with clothes as they work?PART C40～42In 1871 the first passenger elevators were used in office buildings and allowed architects to build higher than people could comfortably walk. Another innovation was in building technique. In 1885 the steel skeleton was introduced and allowed for the construction of tall building that could withstand high winds. We take for granted some of the other inventions that enabled people to live and work in skyscrapers. For example, few people realized that the telephone was necessary for vertical communication and that flush toilet(抽水马桶)and vacuum incinerator（燃烧器）made waste disposal possible. Now as we entered the age of super skyscraper, some with more than 200 floors, we see the need for even more technological innovations. In the area of heating and cooling systems for example, for all their benefits, these super tall building still cause problems though. For one thing they place enormous strain on parking and traffic flow in urban areas. But let's leave behind these technical concerns and move on to consider some of the design elements that have come to characterize the age of the skyscraper.40. What does the professor mainly discuss?41. What does the professor say about the invention of the elevator?42. What will the professor probably discuss next?43～46Good morning. Let me welcome all the new members of the ski patrol. My name is Brenda Peters and I've been a ski-patroller for nearly three years. After working in offices and restaurants I find this job very satisfying. After all, if you love the outdoors,it's a great job. You won't get rich, but you get in great shape and you will be able to help people everyday. And for me the best part of the job is giving ski lessons I've made a lot of friends that way. Of course your main responsibilities will involve ensuring the safety of everyone who skis here. All trails have to be checked daily to make sure they are groomed(修饰使整洁)probably. You also will have to be watching out constantly for people who aren't skiing safely, or who may think they are better skiers than they really are. And to help those who are injured, you'll have to know basic first aid. Tomorrow you will begin training in a first aid（急救）system that skiers specifically to the outdoors. We pride ourselves in our ability to get people off the mountain quickly and safely. OK, so you are free to explore the slopes(斜坡)for the test of the day. All in all, I think that being a ski patroller is great job I hope you will all feel the same way.43. What does the speaker mainly discuss?44. According to the speaker, what is one advantage of working on a ski patrol?45. What does the speaker say she likes most about giving ski lessons?46. According to the speaker, what is one of the man responsibilities of ski patroller?47～50If you flew over certain parts of Nebraska and Texas by plane, you might notice some large areas appearing as bright green circles many hundreds of feet across. This green is unusual in the high plains area where the climate is very dry. These green patches are the result of a new technique for mining the underground water. In this technique, miners bore（钻）deep holes in the ground until they reach a special geological formation called ocheropher. The water which has collected in this ocherophers for hundreds of years is called fossil water or ground water. It pumped up through the borehole and sprayed over the land to irrigate crops. Raising crops such as cotton and wheat, water in this way creates the fertile green areas that contrast vividly with the natural brown of the plains. Crop yields have increase dramatically. However they created a serious environmental problem. The problem is that the water is being removed from many ocherophers faster than it can be replenished naturally. Ground water levels have dropped rapidly and it's becoming more difficult and expensive to get this water. In some parts of Texas, water levels in some of the ocherophers have declined by more 400 feet in 25 years. This process of using water faster than it can be replaced is wide-spread and serious.47. What does the speaker mainly discuss?48. What benefits have resulted from the technique?49. What is happening to ground water?50. What does the speaker imply about ground water?。

托福考试真题与答案托福考试真题与答案Section One: Listening Comprehension1.(A) She'll type the man's paper for him.(B)The computer won't be available immediately.(C) The man should be more patient.(D) She doesn't want the man to use her computer.2.(A) Read the woman's letter.(B) Visit Jeff in Alaska.(C) Write to Jeff.(D) Mail a letter for the woman.3.(A) He went to the library twice to look for the book.(B) He already returned the book to a library out of town.(C) He called the library to say the book would be overdue.(D) He couldn't return the library book because he was away.4.(A) Where the midterm exam was held.(B) Where she can see the results of the midterm exam.(C) Where she can buy a copy of the chemistry textbook,(D) Where the chemistry study group meets.5.(A) He'll ask the driver for help with the luggage.(B) He doesn't mind driving by himself.(C) He doesn't have much luggage.(D) He'd like the woman to drive him.6.(A) The suit is out of style.(B) The suit is more appropriate for the occasion.(C) The woman looks better in blue than in black.(D) The suit doesn't fit the woman well.7.(A) Writing her thesis was easier than she thought it would be.(B) She intends to work on her thesis during her vacation.(C) She intentionally chose an easy topic to write about.(D) She plans to spend some time relaxing.8.(A) He hasn't had a chance to meet Kathy yet(B) Kathy had already told him the news(C) He didn't know that Kathy was being moved.(D) His new office will be located in New York.9.(A) She'd like the man to visit her.(B) She can help the man clean up.(C) She left her room on time this morning.(D) She hasn't cleaned her room either.10.(A) He doesn't know what's wrong with the computer,(B) The woman misunderstood what he said.(C) The problem is different from what he thought it was(D) The computer cannot be repaired11.(A) She didn't see it(B) It had nothing to do with politics.(C) Some people wouldn't find it interesting.(D) The man ought to watch it again12.(A) He doesn't feel well enough to exercise(B) He prefers to exercise in the morning.(C) He accepts the woman's invitation.(D) He doesn't like to exercise in cold weather.13.(A) Change the topic of her research project.(B) Sign up for a different political science course.(C) Ask Mary to help her choose a topic.(D) Take a class together with Mary.14.(A) Send the man to a store that sells cassettes.(B) Borrow a blank cassette from her friends.(C) Sell the man one of her cassettes(D) Purchase some extra cassettes15.(A) The books were sent out late.(B) The books were sent to the wrong place.(C) He didn't mind helping the woman move.(D) He doesn't know the woman's new address.16.(A) Let him borrow her heavy jacket.(B) Stay in her car if the weather is too cold.(C) Leave campus in a couple of hours.(D) Be prepared for the possibility of cooler weather.17.(A) The man was absent when she gave them to the glass.(B) She'll give some of them to the class on Wednesday.(C) She has no more of them to give to the man.(D) The man must do many more of them to pass the test.18.(A) She has never had a class with Professor Smith.(B) She's surprised the man is taking a history class.(C) The assignment must be finished by 3 o'clock.(O) Professor Smith's classes are very demanding.19.(A) She'll return the questionnaire soon.(B) The first question is optional.(C) The man doesn't need to answer all the questions.(D) The man doesn't need to submit a questionnaire.20.(A) She doesn't like the painting.(B) She hasn't seen the man's office.(C) She'll hang the painting on the wall.(D)She doesn't know where to put the painting.21.(A) He doesn't like to cook spaghetti sauce.(B) He isn't careful when he's preparing food.(C) He makes very good desserts.(D) He cooks for the Spanish club quite often.22.(A) She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.(B) She recently visited a different university.(C) She already told the man about her plans.(D) She isn't planning to transfer to a different university.23.(A) Start cleaning sooner.(B) Hire a cleaning service.(C) Wait a while before giving another party.(D) Have his party at a different24.(A) She prefers to remain indoors.(B) She has the same allergies that the man has.(C) She doesn't think the man is sincere.(D) She doesn't understand what the man said.25.(A) He has invited many people to(B) He intentionally cooked a lot of soup.(C) He doesn't like leftovers either.(D) He used leftovers in the soup.26.(A) She can't help the man make his decision(B) A bicycle isn't a safe method of transportation.(C) The man doesn't need a new bicycle,(D) She doesn't know how to fix a bicycle,27.(A) Ed is happy with his job.(B) Ed isn't as good a worker as the boss thinks.(C) The boss plans to give Ed a raise in salary.(D) The boss hasn't treated28.(A) She left work after the man.(B) She was unable to follow the man's directions.(C) It only rained in a small area.(D) She doesn't mind driving in29.(A) It isn't necessary to attend the lecture.(B) There isn't enough time to eat dessert(C) Eating in the lecture hall is prohibited.(D) The lecture probably won't start on time.30.(A) She doesn't think that Oakville is very far.(B) She thinks the man misunderstood what he(C) She didn't know that Matthew planned to move to Oakville.(D) She wants to buy a car from Matthew.31.(A) They've lost their suitcases.(B) They can't find their dormitory.(C) Their dorm rooms have been given to other students.(D) They've missed the bus to their dormitory.32.(A) It has no bus service(B) It is small(C) It is located outside of town.(D) It is very hilly.33.(A) It's far from the academic buildings.(B) No buses go to it.(C) There are few first-year students living there.(D) It's older than the other dormitories.34.(A) They bring too many things with them.(B) They waste their time.(C) They don't familiarize themselves with the campus(D) They don't make realistic career plans.35.(A) Judging people's behavior.(B) Common causes of anger.(C) Changing people's attitudes.(D) The effects of negative behavior.36.(A) When they're unable to control the person's behavior.(B) When the causes of the behavior are obvious.(C) When the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant.(D) When the behavior is expected.37.(A) It's not always clear why people behave in certain ways.(B) People usually blame others for their mistakes.(C) Certain conditions cause drivers to behave strangely.(D) The reason for some behavior is obvious.38.(A) They usually accept responsibility.(B) They blame factors beyond their control(C) They complain about their personal problems.(D) They compare their behavior to the behavior of others.39. (A) Settlement patterns in desert.(B) Causes of desertification.(C) Plant adaptation to desert conditions.(D) Regions most affected by desertification.40. (A) It receives more nutrients than it can absorb.(B) It becomes oversaturated with water.(C) It loses the ability to support insect life.(D) It loses nutrients that aren't replaced.41. (A) Too many animals eating the plants in one small area.(B) Planting too much vegetation in one small area.(C) Too many people building houses in one small area.(D) Bringing together the wrong kinds of animals and plants.42. (A) The animals overfertilize the soil.(B) Dead plant roots can't hold the soil together.(C) The wrong types of plants are left standing.(D) There is a buildup of plant and animal matter.43. (A) It can cause flooding in an(B) It can carry diseases that affect animals.(C) It can introduce too much salt into the soil.(D) It can divert water from important crops.44. (A) A possible explanation for why green turtles nest in certain locations.(B) Physical differences among various groups of green turtles.(C) Several examples of mating behavior in green turtles.(D) The impact of continental drift on the diet of green turtles.45. (A) Teach their young how to swim.(B) Mate and lay eggs.(C) Hide from predators.(D) Eat different kinds of fish.46. (A) Its geography is similar to Brazil's.(B) Their instinct leads them to the place they were hatched.(C) There are other species of turtles located there.(D) Its climate is milder than Brazil's.47. (A) To discover how long their ancestors lived.(B) To analyze how their appearance has evolved.(C) To find out how a disease has spread(D) To determine how closely groups of turtles are related.48.(A) To demonstrate George Washington's survival skills.(B) To show that some stories about famous people may behistorically inaccurate.(C) To describe a historical event that was portrayed in a painting.(D) To tell a story that George Washington told about himself.49.(A) She led her tribe to victory against the colonists(B) She was considered to be extremelybeautiful.(C) She created popular American Indian art.(D) She helped establish peace between her tribe and the colonists50.(A) They have only recently been discovered.(B) They were painted by the colonists who knew her.(C) Most of them portray her as a child.(D) They might not reflect her true appearance.。