电子信息工程专业英语导论-PART 4 unit15.ppt

1.16
Fall in 2009
1.2 基本概念--体力能力的扩展
科学研究的新成果迅速转化为生产力，使社会生产得 到了前所未有的增长。
电动机、电灯、电话、电报、电焊、电钻… 火车、轮船、汽车… 尿素、尼龙、橡胶、农药、除草剂… 各种药品 …
动力工具
不再需要人力驱动 但还需要人来驾驭 具有了比人力工具高得多的劳动生产率
1.2 基本概念--智力能力的扩展
20世纪40年代至今，计算机、原子能和空间科 技飞速发展，并在电子、能源、材料三大基本 技术领域展开，人类开始迈入信息社会。
随着现代信息技术的开发与广泛应用，以信息 技术为核心的高新技术产业迅猛发展起来。
信息革命，使人类消费模式从物质消费型转向 信息消费型，是从工业社会向信息社会的转变 ，人类进入了信息文明发展阶段。
Fall in 2009
1.2 基本概念—智能工具
综合利用物质资源、能量资源和信息资源，可 以制造不仅具有动力、而且具有智能的高级工 具 – 智能工具：
不需要人的驱动 也不需要人的驾驭 自主的类人机器 综合扩展了人类的体质、体力和智力能力
Introduction of Information Science and Technology
Introduction of Information Science and Technology
1.22
Fall in 2009
1.2 基本概念—人类能力扩展与科学技术发展
在人类的体质、体力和智力能力这三者之间，作为“ 万物之灵”的“灵性”体现，智力能力相对而言最为 复杂最为高级，体质能力相对而言较为简单较为基础 ，体力能力则介于二者之间；
Introduction of Information Science and Technology

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4.1. Lesson 10 Multimeter 万用表
New Words and Technical Terms
multimeter
n. 万用表
meter
n. 仪表；米； v. 用表计量
measuring
n. 测量adj. 测量用的
needle
n. 针；指针； vt. 用针缝
scale
n. 刻度；天平；规模
Chapter 4 Electronic Instrument & Measurement
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4.1. Lesson 10 Multimeter 万用表
Figures in the Text
Figure 4-3 Measure voltage Figure 4-4 Measure voltage in a light sensor circuit
[5] The multimeter is connected in parallel between the two points where the measurement is to be made：where the measurement is to be made从句修饰the two points。句子可以翻译为：万 用表并行连接到要测量的两点之间。
[3] The central knob has fewer positions and all you need to do is to switch it to the quantity you want to measure：all you need to do主语从句。you want to measure定语从句修饰quantity。句 子可以翻译为：中央旋钮有几个位置，所有你需要做的是，切换旋钮到你想要测量值）的位置 。 [4] The four resistors are connected in series：四个电阻串联连接。

physicist J. Ambrose Fleming, allowing the change of alternating current into a direct one-way signal.（二极管） ❖ 1906: First electronic triode vacuum tube is built by American electrical engineer Lee De Forest, allowing signals to be controlled and amplified. Technology of electronics is born. （三极管） ❖ Late 1940‘s: The Transistor.（晶体管） ❖ 1947: The point-contact bipolar transistor is invented by Bell Lab‘s Bardeen, Shockley, and Brattain.（点接触双极晶体管） ❖ 1951: Junction field-effect transistor (JFET) is invented.（结型 场效应管） ❖ 1952: Single-crystal silicon is fabricated.（单晶硅） ❖ 1954: Oxide masking process is developed.（氧化模处理）
❖ 微型化是指减少元件和电路的几何尺寸, 从而增加封装 密度、降低功耗、减少信号传播延迟。
❖ The integrated circuit is a group of transistors manufactured from a single piece of material and connected together internally, without extra wiring . Integrated circuits are also called ICs or chips.

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1.1. Lesson 1 电子技术发展史
New Words and Technical Terms
astronomically available device benefit radar adv. 天文数字地；天体地 adj. 可得到的；可利用的 n. 器件，设备；部件；组件 vt. 有益于，有助于 n. 雷达，电波探测器 n. 钥匙；解答；关键； 键
1.1. Lesson 1 电子技术发展史
Notes to the Text
Development of Electronics
[1] vacuum tube：真空管是一种电子元件，因为参与工作的电极被封装在一个真空的玻璃容器 内，所以被称为真空管。在中国大陆，真空管有时会被称为电子管。在香港和中国广东地区， 真空管有时又会被称作“胆”。 [2] a sealed glass in which electrons flow between electrodes separated by vacuum：in which关系 代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，由介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句。separated by vacuum过去 分词修饰electrodes。句子可以翻译为：在密封的玻璃管中，电子在由真空隔离的电极间流动。 [3] it became possible to amplify and transmit the electrical energy：it代替不定式to amplify and transmit the electrical energy在句中作形式主语。句子可以翻译为：放大和传送电能成为可能。 [4] radio communication：无线电通信。
[5] as more specialized tubes were made for many applications：as引导状语从句，句子可以翻译 为：随着越来越多的适用于各种用途的专门真空管制造出来。

labelled base (B), collector (C) and
emitter (E).
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Transistors have three leads which must be connected the correct way round [4]: [4]: 晶体管的三级都必须在电路中正确连接。 这里which must be connected the correct way round……是一个定语从句，修饰three leads，which在从句里作主语，从句里是一个 被动语态。
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Prior to the invention of transistors, digital circuits were composed of vacuum tubes, which had many disadvantages[5].
在晶体管发明之前，数字电路是由真空管组成的，这
有很多不足。
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There are two types of standard transistors, NPN and PNP, with different circuit symbols [2]. [2].标准的晶体管有两种类型：NPN和PNP， 它们的电路标志不一样。 with different circuit symbols是介词短语作 非限定性的定语，故后置且用逗号与中心词分 开。
transistors, computing as we know it today
would n ot be po ssible ; w ithout the
invention of transistors 是 tha 从句中的条
件状语，后面的 computing是动名词作主语。 Exercises: Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ

important elements in electronic circuitry, it is essential
to know something about resistance, capacitance and
inductance.
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一、电阻器及电阻
I
电阻器：它是一个二端元件 resisAtorersistotrwiso-atetwrmo-itnearml einlealment
二极管 diode
应用：通信工业如收音 机、电视等
application : communication industry, radio, television
In 1906 Deforest made the first triode in the United States. The widespread applications of vacuum tubes during that time period were in the communications industry, first in radio and later in television. The use of vacuum tubes declined rapidly when a semiconductor device was invented that could perform many of the functions previously associated with vacuum tubes.
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电阻的概念：对电流的阻力为电阻。单位符号为Ω。
resistance
1Ω的定义：当加在导体上的电压为1V时，将导体的电

Unit 4 Microelectronics
There are two types of basic integrated circuit: monolithic integrated circuit and the thin or thick film. Monolithic IC are constructed in a single substrate of single crystal semiconductor, usually silicon. Thin or thick films IC are formed on the surface of an insulating material such as glass or a ceramic. Hybrid IC contains more than a single substrate, the term hybrid is also applied to combinations of monolithic and thin or thick film IC.
Unit 4 Microelectronics
Notes ［1］ Intergraded circuits are also classified according to
their functions. Digital or logical IC are used as switches, they are either on or off. In computers the on and off states correspond to 0 or 1.Other IC is called linear or analog IC.
Unit 4 Microelectronics

Unit5 Digital modulation
Unit11 Optical Fiber
Unit6 Digital Signal Processing
Communication
Unit 7 ISDN
12 Modern Switching
Technique
Unit 1 科技英语基础知识
1.1 科技英语的特点
anode 阳极
cathode 阴极
Ohm’s law
欧姆定律
amplifier
放大器
microprocessor 微处理器
impedance
阻抗
electromagnetic wave 电磁波
resonant frequency 共振频率
phase-shift keying(PSK) 相移键控
modem 调制解调器 codec 编解码器
可将其分解为： beam sweeps each line. then flies back to scan another line. it is desired to break picture into lines in desired sequence.
例2.The technical possibilities could well exist, therefore, of nation-wide integrated transmission network of high capacity, controlled by computers, interconnected globally by satellite and submarine cable, providing speedy and reliable communications throughout the world.

• 开关电源中的功率器件工作在全开和截断状态。这样， 要么在大电流流经功率器件时，导通电压很低；要么 在大电压时，没有电流通过器件。
2019年1月20日
《电子信息工程专业英语教程》
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Cutoff in use
• • • • • • current-gain cutoff 电流增益截止 grid-current cutoff 栅流截止 grid-voltage cutoff 栅压截止
2019年1月20日 《电子信息工程专业英语教程》 11
Topologies
• A topology is … • Each topology has its own merits within certain applications. • Some of the factors which determine the suitability of a particular topology to a certain application …
• Switching regulator
– operates the power devices in the full-on and cutoff states – efficiencies of between 70 to 90 percent – an attractive choice for output powers greater than 10 watts or where multiple outputs are desired
2019年1月20日 《电子信息工程专业英语教程》 16
Load in text
• Historically, the linear regulator was the primary method of creating a regulated output voltage. It operates by reducing a higher input voltage down to the lower output voltage by linearly controlling the conductivity of a series pass power device in response to changes in its load. This results in a large voltage being placed across the pass unit with the load current flowing through it. • 在历史上，线性稳压器曾是产生稳压输出电压的主要 方法。通过对级联功率通过器件导电性线性控制以响 应负载变化，线性稳压器将输入高电压降为输出低电 压。这种方法导致在负载电流流经的通过单元两端出 现一个大电压。