20XX年翻译资格考试英语中级口译词汇：交通、军事.doc

第一节ActionBasic need音形义Everyday Expressionsn. [C] 行动 (group action 团队行动)Now it’s time to take action. (现在是该行动的时候了。

)n. [U] 情节The action is set in Paris. (事情发生在巴黎。

)n. 战斗The action lasted five hours. (战斗持续了5 个)n. 诉讼She decided to take a legal action against him. (她决定起诉他。

)衍生词语active (积极的);actionless (没有行动的, 不行动的);activate (v.激活)复合词语action movie (动作片; kongfu movie)常见搭配 Useful Phrase军事行动 --- military action民事诉讼 --- a civil action刑事诉讼 --- a criminal action习语与俗语 Idioms & SlangsAction! --- 开拍（导演用语）man of action --- 注重行动的人，实干家生活用语 Street TalksIf you guys are going to bet on the basketball game, I want a piece of the action. (算我一份) Action stations, everyone!The president has arrived! (各就各位)电影对白 TranscriptsLinus: What does it tell you?Sabrina: That’s between you and the river.Linus: You know it’s funny listening to your talk. Makesme…. Makes me wonder if I should…Sabrina: What?Linus: I don’t know, something is different. I feel different. At work I don’t… I l ove the action, but, sometimes I wonder, lately especially, been wondering what it would be like, to spend some time in a place that I love like that, not just a few days, but for a real change. Actually, I think I’ve been thinking about it for a long time, I just, um, I just didn’t know it until, till you, uh… 《情归巴黎》谚语 ProverbsActions speak louder than words.行动胜于语言。

口译笔译分类词汇（附1）--标识提示汇编1、Road and Traffic 公路和交通Approaching end of motorway 即将驶出高速。

Avoid the jams. 避免交通堵塞。

Dangerous bend 弯道危险Diverted traffic 交叉路口Entry to motorway 高速入口Left junction 左交叉口Look left (right) 向左（右）看。

Low bridge ahead 前方桥低。

New hours of parking control 停车控制新时段No entry 禁止驶人No stopping at any time 任何时间不准停车No thoroughfare 禁止通行No trade or business vehicle unless authorized 未经允许货车禁止通行。

Pedestrian crossing ahead 注意前方人行横道。

Pedestrian crossing 人行横道Please drive carefully 请小心驾驶。

Road closed 此路封闭Slow， school 前方学校请慢行。

Speed limit of 48kmh 限速每小时48公里The law requires you wear a seatbelt 法规要求系安全带。

This vehicle stops frequently 随时停车2、Car and Parking 汽车和停车Car park front and rear.前后停车Cars parked here without permission will be clamped 未经允许在此停车将被拖走Guest's car park 来客停车场Limited parking 停车位有限No parking constantly in use 此处经常使用，禁止停车。

中级口译口试词汇分类整理1.) 经济类APEC, ASEAN, EU, EC (EEC), G8EURO, RMB, YEN, POUND, DOLLARUN, WHO, IMF, PLO, FBI, VOA, CIA , NSA, CCCP, DMZ, PLA, QFII, PBOC,CEPANATO, NASA, UNESCO, OPEC, NAFTA, SAFEassociate company (subsidiary / affiliate) 联营公司（子公司、附属公司）aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply总供给advanced technology 先进技术active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) 顺差(逆差)acquire 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权acquisition of assets 购置资产absolute advantage 绝对优势（一国或一国的一部分由于拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因而能较廉价地生产某一产品，因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势。

）authorization bill授权书asset资产Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛bottom line 帐本底线, 底线banking 银行业black market 黑市budget 预算budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余bureaucracy 官僚作风, 官僚机构business cycle 商业周期business mechanism 创业机制business prototype商业原型、商业模型brand loyalty对某个牌子的忠诚度?business fraud (accounting fraud) 商业欺诈 (做假帐)bull/bear market 牛市/ 熊市cutting edge (have an edge on) 优势（比…有优势）cash bonuses 现金奖励commercial 商业广告commodity商品convertible currency可兑换的货币corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化capital资本, 资金, 资产checks and balances政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门的相互制约和平衡civil rights/civil liberties公民权利、自由commerce clause商业条款common law习惯法comparative advantage 相对优势competition竞争confederation联邦contract 合同cost 成本dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/经纪人depreciation / appreciation 贬值/增值deflation / inflation通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀designer clothing/jeans / sneakers 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋demand 需求strong demand需求强劲weak demand需求疲软insufficient demand需求不足effective demand 有效需求demand curve需求曲线democracy民主depression 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期，其特征是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业discount rate 贴现率discount market贴现市场double / triple / quadruple…两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）economic growth经济增长economics经济学economical节约的, 经济的efficiency 效率，功效elasticity 弹性、可塑性、灵活度elite 精英entrepreneur, entrepreneurship 企业家，企业equities [英][pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券electronic dealing 电子交易employment 就业employment rate就业率employment insurance (EI, 旧称UI--unemployment insurance) 失业保险interest rate(s)利率infrastructure基础设施inflation通货膨胀fiscal year 财政年度foreign-invested venture 外资企业foreign-capital enterprise外资企业fund / capital / venture capital 资金, 资本/ 风险资金federal reserve system (美国)联邦备银行制度federation 联邦fiscal policy财政政策, 财务方针free trade 自由贸易future market 期货市场go public 上市go under 倒闭gross domestic product (GDP) 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值hedge (against) 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失a hedge against inflation. 防止通货膨胀的措施hands-off management 疏松管理high return 高收益，高回报human capital人力资本，技能资本hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀investment fever 投资热investment policy投资政策investment destination投资地点infrastructure基础设施immediate yield直接回报ideology意识形态incentive 动力interest group 利益集团(指因共同利益而结合在一起的一批人) joint venture 合资企业labor 劳动力law of demand 需求定律law of supply供给定律legitimacy合理性、合法性limited liability corporation 有限公司listed companies 上市公司liquidity 变现能力market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market share市场占有率market economy 市场经济managerial expertise管理知识mass production批量生产mechanism 机制merger合并monopoly垄断macroeconomics宏观经济学merit 价值microeconomics微观经济学monetary policy 货币政策mortgage 按揭make ends meet 收支平衡national debt 国债oligarchy寡头政治, 寡头政治的执政团opportunity cost 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化paragon 模范patent 专利political economy 政治经济pork-barrel legislation猪肉桶立法，又称“分肥立法、分肥拨款pork-barrel appropriations”指立法机关为讨好选民而促使政府向议员所属地方选区拨发的经费。

一、中华人民共和国国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China二、国务院组成部门中华人民共和国外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国国防部Ministry of National Defence of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国教育部Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国工业和信息化部Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国公安部Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国国家安全部Ministry of State Security of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国监察部Ministry of Supervision of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国司法部Ministry of Justice of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国财政部Ministry of Finance of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国人力资源和社会保障部Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国环境保护总局Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国交通运输部Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国铁道部Ministry of Railways of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国水利部Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国农业部Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国商务部Minestry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国文化部Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国卫生部Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国国家人口和计划生育委员会National Population and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China 中国人民银行People's Bank of China中华人民共和国审计署National Audit Office of the People's Republic of China三、国务院直属特设机构国务院国有资产监督管理委员会State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council 四、国务院直属机构中华人民共和国海关总署General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China国家税务总局State Administration of Taxation国家工商行政管理总局State Administration for Industry and Commerce国家质量监督检验检疫总局General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and Television国家新闻出版总署（国家版权局）General Administration of Press and Publication (National Copyright Administration )国家体育总局General Administration of Sport国家安全生产监督管理局State Administration of Work Safety国家统计局National Bureau of Statistics国家林业局State Forestry Administration国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office国家旅游局National Tourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Administration for Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors' Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the State Council国家预防腐败局National Bureau of Corruption Prevention五、国务院办事机构国务院侨务办公室Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of the State Council国务院港澳事务办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council 国务院法制办公室Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council六、国务院直属事业单位新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Administration中国银行业监督管理委员会China Banking Regulatory Commission中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission中国保险监督管理委员会China Insurance Regulatory Commission国家电力监管委员会State Electricity Regulatory Commission全国社会保障基金理事会National Council for Social Security Fund国家自然科学基金委员会National Natural Science Foundation七、国务院部委管理的国家局国家信访局State Bureau for Letters and Calls国家粮食局State Administration of Grain国家能源局National Energy Administration国家国防科技工业局State Administration of Science，Technology and Industry for National Defence 国家烟草专卖局State Tobacco Monopoly Administration国家外国专家局State Administration of Foreign Experts AffairsState Administration of Civil Service国家海洋局State Oceanic Administration国家测绘局State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping中国民用航空局Civil Aviation Administration of China国家邮政局State Post Bureau国家文物局State Administration of Cultural Heritage国家食品药品监督管理局State Food and Drug Administration国家中医药管理局State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine 国家外汇管理局State Administration of Foreign Exchange国家煤矿安全监察局State Administration of Coal Mine Safety国务院台湾事务办公室Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council国务院新闻办公室Information Office of the State CouncilState Archives Administration国家保密局National Administration for the Protection of State Secrets国家密码管理局State Cryptography Administration国家航天局China National Space Administration国家原子能机构China Atomic Energy Authority国家语言文字工作委员会State Language Commission国家核安全局National Nuclear Safety Administration注：1. 本文件中的英文译名统一使用英式拼写，但各单位可根据需要选用美式拼写。

2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇汇总今天给大家带来了2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇ofty character 高尚的品格opera highlights 折子戏stilt walk 踩高跷pantomime; mime 哑剧pantomimist 哑剧演员skit 戏剧小品circus show 马戏monologue comic talk, standup comedy 单口相声stunt 特技表演witty dialogue comedy, comic cross talk 相声the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment京韵大鼓shaanxi opera 秦腔sealcutting 篆刻characters cut in intaglio 阴文characters cut in relief 阳文graver 刻刀making rubbings from stone inscriptions 拓碑rubbing 拓片workmanship/craftsmanship 工艺，手艺handicraft 手工艺品wood carving 木雕boxwood craft 黄杨木雕carved lacquerware 雕漆stone carving 石雕miniature engraving 微雕ivory carving 象牙雕bamboo engraving 竹雕shell carving 贝雕ice sculpture 冰雕painted sculpture 彩塑enamel 瓷釉embroidery 刺绣scroll 卷轴batik 蜡染clay figure 泥人2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇extravagance and waste 铺张浪费general election system 普选制less developed 欠发达地区intensify functions 强化功能win-win co-operation 强强联手power politics 强权政治overseas Chinese 侨胞overseas Chinese affairs 侨务工作industry and courage 勤劳勇敢seek common ground while shelving differences 求同存异regional organizations 区域性组织tortuous road 曲折的道路draw upon one anothers strong points 取长补短yield substantial results 取得丰硕成果score tremendous achievements 取得巨大成就repeal taxes on special agricultural products 取消农业特产税all the party members; whole party 全党the crystallization of the partys collective wisdom 全党集体智慧的结晶all-dimensional 全方位the Chinese people of all nationalities; people of all ethnic groups of the country 全国各族人民deputy to the National Peoples Congress 全国人大代表the National Committee of the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference 全国政协plenary sessions 全会build a well-off society in an all-round way; build a moderately prosperous society in all respects 全面建设小康社会in full swing 全面展开divorce between powers and responsibilities 权责脱节the general public 群众Peoples Congresses 人大the standing committees 人大常委会NPC (National Peoples Congress) member 人大代表the spirit of the congress 人大精神put sb. to the best use 人尽其才a full display of advantages in human resources 人力资源优势得到充分发挥material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要the peoples democratic dictatorship 人民民主专政upgrade the texture of life for the people 人民生活更加殷实mass organizations 人民团体the Chinese Peoples Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 人民政协the trend of popular sentiment 人心向背personnel exchanges 人员往来treating each other with all sincerity 肝胆相照the high degree of unity and solidarity 高度团结统一2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇an irresistible trend of history 不可阻挡的历史潮流not lose our bearings 不迷失方向uneven 不平衡a tortuous course 不平坦的道路not all-inclusive 不全面的take resolute measures 采取果断措施participation in and deliberation of state affairs 参政议政long-term coexistence 长期共存long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结long-term peace and order 长治久安honesty 诚实守信fully mobilize and rally 充分调动和凝聚take shape initially 初步建立traditional threats to security 传统安全威胁creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚力和战斗力system of resignation 辞职制proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote common development 促进共同发展promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步assuming heavy responsibilities 担当重任the contemporary era 当代masters of the country 当家作主the wish to be the masters of our country 当家作主的愿望congress of party representatives 党代会backbone of the party 党的骨干力量the partys basic theory, line and program 党的基本理论、路线和纲领party building 党的建设partys progressiveness 党的先进性the destiny of the party and state 党和国家前途命运the cause of the party and state 党和国家事业Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping 邓小平同志逝世the sixth place 第六位the primary productive force 第一生产力E-government 电子政务mobilize the initiative 调动积极性equal political entities 对等的政治实体erroneous and dogmatic interpretation of Marxism 对马克思主义的错误和教条式的理解multi-tiered 多层次multiparty cooperation 多党合作2020年翻译资格考试中级口译精选词汇dragon dance 舞龙Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month) 元宵节sweet sticky rice dumplings 元宵festival lantern 花灯lantern riddle 灯谜lion dance 狮子舞stilt walking 踩高跷Pure Brightness Festival/Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)清明节sweep tomb sites of loved ones 扫墓offer sacrifices to the ancestors 祭祖go for an outing in spring 踏青dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month) 端午节dragon boat race 赛龙舟zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumpling made by glutinous rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves) 粽子Departed soul 亡灵loyal minister 忠臣Quyuan the poet 诗人屈原Moon Festival/Mid- Autumn Day (15th of eighth lhunar month) 中秋节mooncake 月饼appreciate the glorious full moon 赏月reunion 团圆sweet osmanthus 桂花Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day 重阳节admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 赏菊climb mountain 登高TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) 中药First Emperor, Emperor Chin 秦始皇帝empress dowager 皇太后founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) 汉高祖刘邦Genghis Khan; Temujin 成吉思汗gifted scholars and beautiful ladies 才子佳人cradle of civilization 文明摇篮Xia Dynasty 夏朝(of) Ming and Qing dynasties 明清两代Chinese civilization 中华文明Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan 四川Shaanxi 陕西Research Center for Ancient Civilizations 古文明研究中心Chinese and overseas scholars 中外学者archaeologists 考古学家。

⼝译词汇汇总共10类）Chinese Governmental Sections after the Adminitrative Transformation1、外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs2、国防部Ministry of National Defence3、国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission4、国家经济计划委员会State Economy and Trade Commission5、教育部Ministry of Education 全国⾼考the National College Entrance Examination6、科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology7、国防科学技术⼯业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defence8、国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission9、公安部Ministry of Public Security 10、国家安全部Ministry of State Security 11、监察部Ministry of Supervision 12、民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs 13、司法部Ministry of Justice 14、财政部Ministry of Finance 15、⼈事部Ministry of Personnel 16、劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security 17、国⼟资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 18、建设部Ministry of Construction 19、铁道部Ministry of Railways 20、交通部Ministry of Communications 21、信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry 22、⽔利部Ministry of Water Resources 23、农业部Ministry of Agricultry 24、对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation 25、⽂化部Ministry of Culture 26、卫⽣部Ministry of Health 27、国家计划⽣育委员会State Family Planning Commission 28、中国⼈民银⾏The People's Bank of China 29、审计署National Auditing Administration2020-12-12【关键字】英语、⽅案、环节、会议、效益、质量、模式、增长、⾏动、计划、监测、地⽅、问题、战略、系统、体制、持续、合作、保持、统⼀、发展、建设、研究、措施、安全、意识、地位、基础、利益、环境、政策、⼯程、项⽬、资源、重点、负担、制度、⽅式、标准、⽅针、⽔平、秩序、关系、检验、协商、分析、制约、保护、推⾏、规划、管理、坚持、贯彻、服务、强化、⽀持、教育、解决、调整、改善、保障、促进、改⾰、实现、提⾼、转变、协调、实施、中⼼汉英⼝译分类词汇（05）--环境保护词汇21世纪议程Agenda 21 （the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西⾥约）, — provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）世界环境⽇World Environment Day (June 5th each year)世界环境⽇主题World Environment Day Themes 环境千年—⾏动起来吧！（2000）The Environment Millennium - Time to Act！拯救地球就是拯救未来！（1999）Our Earth - Our Future - Just Save It!为了地球上的⽣命—拯救我们的海洋!（1998）For Life on Earth - Save Our Seas!为了地球上的⽣命（1997）For Life on Earth我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home国际⽣物多样性⽇International Biodiversity Day (29 December)世界⽔⽇World Water Day (22 March)世界⽓象⽇World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋⽇World Oceans Day (8 June )联合国环境与发展⼤会（环发⼤会）United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)环发⼤会⾸脑会议Summit Session of UNCED联合国环境规划署United Nations Environment Programs （UNEP）2000年全球环境展望报告GEO-2000; Global Environmental Outlook 2000⼊选“全球500佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor 联合国⼈类居住中⼼UN Center for Human Settlements (UNCHS)改善⼈类居住环境最佳范例奖Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement⼈与⽣物圈⽅案Man and Biosphere (MAB) Programme (UNESCO)中国21世纪议程China’s Agenda 21中国⽣物多样性保护⾏动计划China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan中国跨世纪绿⾊⼯程规划China Trans-Century Green Project Plan国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration (SEPA)中国环保基本⽅针China’s guiding principles for environmental protection坚持环境保护基本国策adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推⾏可持续发展战略pursue the strategy of sustainable development贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的⽅针carry out a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection (the “three synchronizes”principle)促进经济体制和经济增长⽅式的转变promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统⼀bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection中国环保基本政策the basic policies of China’s environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control污染者负担的政策“the-polluters-pay” policy强化环境管理的政策policy of tightening up environmental management⼀控双达标政策policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “⼀控”：12种⼯业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.; “双达标”：1. 到2000年底，全国所有的⼯业污染源要达到国家或地⽅规定的污染物排放标准The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000. 2. 到2000年底，47个重点城市的空⽓和地⾯⽔达到国家规定的环境质量标准 2. Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.对新项⽬实⾏环境影响评估conduct environmental impact assessments (EIA) on start-up projects提⾼全民环保意识raise environmental awareness amongst the general public查处违反环保法规案件investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection⽂档来源为:从⽹络收集整理.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载⽀持. 环保执法检查environmental protection law enforcement inspection限期治理undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time中国已加⼊的国际公约international conventions into which China has accessed 控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer⽣物多样性公约Convention on Biological Diversity防治荒漠化国际公约Convention to Combat Desertification⽓候变化框架公约United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change⽣态⽰范区eco-demonstration region; environment-friendly region国家级⽣态⽰范区（珠海）Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region国家级园林城市Nationally Designated Garden City 对⽔质和空⽓质量的影响impact on the quality of the water and the air治理环境污染curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 海藻mostly in polluted waters)⼯业固体废物industrial solid wastes⽩⾊污染white pollution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)可降解⼀次性塑料袋throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags放射性废料积存accumulation of radioactive waste 有机污染物organic pollutants氰化物、砷、汞排放cyanide, arsenic, mercury discharged铅、镉、六价铬lead, cadmium, sexivalent chromium 城市垃圾⽆害化处理率decontamination rate of urban refuse垃圾填埋场refuse landfill垃圾焚化⼚refuse incinerator防⽌过度利⽤森林protect forests from overexploitation森林砍伐率rate of deforestation⽔⼟流失water and soil erosion⼟壤盐碱化soil alkalization 农药残留pesticide residue⽔⼟保持conservation of water and soil⽣态农业environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture⽔资源保护区water resource conservation zone海⽔淡化sea water desalinization保护珊瑚礁、红树林和渔业资源protect coral reefs, mangrove and fishing resource绿化祖国turn the country green全民义务植树⽇National Tree-Planting Day造林⼯程afforestation project绿化⾯积afforested areas; greening space森林覆盖率forest coverage防风林wind breaks （防沙林sand breaks）速⽣林fast-growing trees降低资源消耗率slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再⽣资源develop renewable resources 环保产品environment-friendly products⾃然保护区nature reserve野⽣动植物wild fauna and flora保护⽣存环境conserve natural habitats濒危野⽣动物endangered wildlife珍稀濒危物种繁育基地rare and endangered species breeding center⾃然⽣态系统natural ecosystems防⽌沙漠化（治沙、抗沙）desertification 环境负荷carrying capacity of environment三废综合利⽤multipurpose use of three types of wastes先天与后天，遗传与环境nature-nurture美化环境landscaping design for environmental purposes防⽌沿海地带不可逆转恶化protect coastal zones from irreversible degradation环境恶化environmental degradation城市化失控uncontrolled urbanization温饱型农业subsistence agriculture贫困的恶性循环vicious cycle of poverty⼤⽓监测系统atmospheric monitoring system 空⽓污染浓度air pollution concentration酸⾬、越境空⽓污染acid rain and transboundary air pollution⼆氧化硫排放sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions 悬浮颗粒物suspended particles⼯业粉尘排放industrial dust discharged烟尘排放soot emissions⼆氧化氮nitrate dioxide (NO2)矿物燃料（煤、⽯油、天然⽓）fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural gas清洁能源clean energy汽车尾⽓排放motor vehicle exhaust尾⽓净化器exhaust purifier⽆铅汽油lead-free gasoline天然⽓汽车gas-fueled vehicles 电动汽车cell-driven vehicles; battery cars氯氟烃CFCs温室效应greenhouse effect厄尔尼诺南徊ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation)噪⾳noise （分贝db; decibel）化学需氧量（衡量⽔污染程度的⼀个指标）COD；chemical oxygen demand⽣物需氧量BOD; biological oxygen demand ⼯业废⽔处理率treatment rate of industrial effluents 城市污⽔处理率treatment rate of domestic sewage集中处理⼚centralized treatment plant红潮red tide (rapid propagation of sea algae英语“⽓象”⽤语表达法1、⽓候种类⼭地⽓候mountain climate 恒风constant wind 微风breeze冬季季风⽓候winter monsoon climate 逆风headwind 台风typhoon 季风⽓候monsoon climate ⾼⽓压high-pressure 锋⾯frontal edge亚热带⽓候sub-tropical climate ⽓团air mass 热浪heat wave ⾼原⽓候plateau climate 闪电lightning 雾fog海滨⽓候littoral climate 凉cool 霜frost极地⽓候polar climate 雪堆snowdrift 露dew 热带⽓候tropical climate 寒冷chilly 3、风的名称温带沙漠⽓候temperate desert climate 间歇⾬intermittent rain ⽆风calm温带⼲燥⽓候temperate arid climate ⼤⾬heavy rain 轻风light breeze热带季风⽓候tropical monsson climate 信风trade wind 微风gentle breeze⼤陆⽓候continental climate 天⽓预报weather forecast 和风moderate breeze沙漠⽓候desert climate ⽢霖welcome rain 清风fresh breeze沿海⽓候coastal climate 冰柱icicle 强风strong breeze⾼地⽓候highland climate 西北风northwester 疾风near gale海洋⽓候marine climate 地形⾬local rains ⼤风gale森林⽓候forest climate 狂风squall 烈风strong gale温带⽓候temperate climate ⾬季rainy season 狂风storm湿润⽓候humid climate ⾬点raindrops 暴风violent storm温带草原⽓候temperate grassy climate 东北信风northeast trades 飓风hurricane热带⾬林⽓候tropical rainy climate 东南风southeaster 台风typhoon热带海洋⽓候tropical marine climate 风级wind scale 龙卷风tornado2、⽓象⽤语虹rainbow 4、浪的名称⼩⾬light rain 阵⾬shower 平静calm⽑⽑⾬drizzle,fine rain 疾风gusty wind 微波rippled反常天⽓freakish weather ⽓旋cyclone 微浪smooth wavelets北风north wind ⽓压barometric pressure 细浪light seas冰ice 阴天cloudy day ⼩浪moderate seas冰点freezing point 雪花snow flake 中浪rough seas西南风southwester 晴clear ⼤浪very rough seas冷峰cold front 顺风favorable wind 强浪high seas低⽓压low-pressure 闷热天⽓muggy weather 巨浪very high seas⾬量rainfall 雹hail 狂浪monster waves东北风northeaster 雷thunder 5、⾃然灾害东风east wind 滂沱⼤⾬downpour ⽕⼭地震volcanic earthquake炎热scorching heat 暖锋warm front 海啸tidal wave风眼eye of a storm 零度zero ⼭崩landslide零度以下subzero汉英⼝译分类词汇（06）--机关机构词汇⼀、部属机构属译名（以化学⼯业为例）化学⼯业部Ministry of Chemical Industry 办公厅General Office 计划司Planning Department 外事司Foreign Affairs Department ⼈事司Personnel Department 化⼯新材料局New Chemical Material Department 化⼯司Chemical Department 橡胶司Rubber Department 炼化司Department of Refining and Chemicals 矿⼭司Chemical Mines Bureau 化⼯规划院Chemical Planning Institute 设备总公司Equipment General Corporation 基建局Capital Construction Department 教育司Education Department 化肥司Chemical Fertilizer Department 供销局Department of Supply and Sales⼆、市属机械译名（以北京市为例）北京市⼈⼤常委会Standing Committee of Beijing Municipal People's Congress 中国共产党北京市委员会Beijing Municipal Committee of the CPC中国⼈民政治协商会议北京市委员会Beijing Municipal Committee of the CPPCC北京市⼈民政府Beijing Municipal People's Government ⾼级⼈民法院High People's Court ⼈民检察院People's Procuratorate 外事办公室Foreign Affairs Office 侨务办公室Overseas Chinese Affairs Office 财贸办公室Office of Finance and Trade ⽂教办公室Office of Culture and Education 计划委员会Planning Committee 经济委员会Economic Committee 城乡建设委员会Committee of Municipal and Rural Construction 科学技术委员会Committee of Science and Technology 城市规划委员会Committee of Municipal Design 对外经贸委员会Committee of Economic Trade for Foreign Countries 市政管理委员会Municipal Administration Committee 民族委员会Nationalities Committee 体育委员会Physical Culture and Sports Committee 计划⽣育委员会Family Planning Committee ⼈事局Personnel Bureau 科技⼲部管理局Bureau of Scientific and Technical Personnel⽼⼲部局Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres 统计局Statistical Bureau 物价局Bureau of Commodity Price ⼯商⾏政管理局Administration Bureau for Industry and Commerce 商品检验局Bureau for Inspection of Commodities 审计局Auditing Bureau 财政局Finance Bureau 税务局Tax Bureau 劳动局Labor Bureau 档案局Archives Bureau 物资管理局Bureau of Materials 标准计量局Bureau of Standard Measurement 公⽤局Bureau if Public Utilities ⼴播电视局Bureau of Radio and Television教育委员会Education Committee ⽂化局Bureau of Culture ⽂物事业管理局Bureau of Cultural Relics 卫⽣局Health Bureau 乡镇企业管理局Bureau if Township Enterprise Management 地质矿产局Bureau of Geology and mineral Resources 农业局Agricultural Bureau 林业局Forestry Bureau ⽔产局Bureau of Aquatic Products ⽓象局Meteorological Bureau ⽔资源管理局Control Bureau of Water Resources 园林局Bureau of Parks and Woods 环境保护局Bureau for Environmental Protection 环境卫⽣管理局Bureau for Environmental Health 商业委员会Commerce Committee 粮⾷局Food Bureau 房地产管理局Real Estate Bureau 城市规划管理局Bureau for Municipal Design 机械设备成套局Bureau for Complete Plants of Machinery and Equipment 公安局Public Security Bureau 安全局Security Bureau 司法局Justice Bureau 民政局Bureau of Civil Affairs 劳改⼯作管理局Bureau of Reform-through-Labor Work 旅游局Travel Bureau/Tourism Administration 铁路局Railways Bureau 邮政局Post Bureau 电信局Telecommunications Bureau 北京民航管理局Beijing Bureau of Civil Aviation 北京海关Beijing Customs 外交⼈员服务局Service Bureau for Foreign Officials ⾸都钢铁公司Capital Iron and Steel Company 燕⼭⽯化总公司Yanshan Petro-Chemical Industry Corporation三、企业半导体器械⼚Semi-Conductor Apparatus Plant 包装材料⼚Packaging Materials Plant 保温瓶⼚Thermos Flask Factory 炼钢⼚Steel Works 被单⼚Bed sheet Factory 变压器⼚Transformer factory 玻璃制品⼚Glassware Factory 茶⼚Tea Processing Factory 柴油机⼚Diesel Engine Plant 车辆制造⼚Railway Car Plant 船舶修造⼚Ship Repair Yard 灯具⼚Lighting Equipment Factory 低压开关⼚Low-Voltage Switch Factory 汽车制造⼚Automobile Works 发电⼚Power Plant 电动⼯具⼚Electric Tool Works 电机⼚Electrical Machinery Plant 电讯器材⼚Telecommunication Apparatus Factory 电⼦管⼚Electronic Tube Factory 电⼦设备⼚Electronic Equipment Factory 铸造⼚Foundry Works 纺织机械⼚Textile Machinery Plant 服装⼚Garment Factory ⽪⾰制品⼚Leather Goods Factory 罐头⾷品⼚Canned Food Plant 光学仪器⼚Optical Instrument Factory ⼴播器材⼚Broadcasting Equipment Factory 锅炉⼚Boiler Factory 化肥⼚Chemical Fertilizer Plant 化⼯⼚Chemical Works 化学纤维⼚Chemical Fiber Plant 化妆品⼚Cosmetics Plant 机床⼚Machine Tools Plant 机械修理⼚Machine Repair Plant 建筑机械⼚Construction Machinery Plant ⾦属⼯艺制品⼚Metal Handicraft Plant 晶体管⼚Transistor Factory 绝缘材料⼚Insulating Materials Plant 民族乐器⼚Folk Music Instrument Factory 炼油⼚Oil Refinery 粮油加⼯⼚Grain and Cooking Oil Processing Factory ⽑纺织⼚Woolen Mill ⽊材⼚Timber Mill 家具⼚Furniture Factory 农药⼚Insecticide Factory 啤酒⼚Beer Brewery 汽车修配⼚Motor-Car Repair and Assembly Plant ⼈造纤维⼚Artificial Fiber Plant 乳品加⼯⼚Milk Processing Plant ⽯油化⼯机械⼚Petro-Chemical Machinery Plant ⽔泥⼚Cement Plant 塑料⼚Plastics Plant 搪瓷⼚Enamel Plant 陶瓷⼚Pottery and porcelain Factory 通⽤机械⼚General Machinery Plant 玩具⼚Toy Factory ⽆线电器材⼚Radio Appliances Factory 五⾦⼚Hardware Factory 橡胶⼚Rubber Plant 制药⼚Pharmaceutical Factory ⽺⽑衫⼚Woolen Sweater Mill 针织⼚Knitwear Mill 冶炼⼚Metallurgical Plant 医疗器械⼚Medical Apparatus Factory 仪表⼚Instrument and Meters Factory 饮料⼚Soft Drinks Plant 印染⼚Printing and Dyeing Mill 油漆⼚Paint Factory 有机化⼯⼚Organic Chemical Plant 造纸机械⼚Paper Making Machinery Plant 造船⼚Shipbuilding Plant ⾃⾏车⼚Bicycle Plant四，公司、企业集团家⽤电器有限公司Household Electrical Appliance Co., Ltd. 技贸公司Technology and Trade Co., Ltd. 钢铁公司Iron and Steel Company 保安服务公司Security Service Company 针织有限公司Knitting Company Ltd. 实业集团公司Industrial Group Corporation 国际租赁公司International Leasing Company 电⼦技术开发公司Electronic Technology Development Co. ⽑纺织有限公司Woolen Textile Co., Ltd. 系统⼯程有限公司System Engineering Corporation 计算机集团公司Computer Group Co. 时装有限公司Fashion Company Ltd. ⼴告公司Advertising Company 科学技术开发公司Science and Technical Development Company ⽔产品有限公司Aquatic Product Company Ltd. 旅游公司Travel Corporation 服装公司Garment Company Ltd. 国际⼴告展览有限公司International Advertising and Exposition Co., Ltd.电冰箱⼚有限公司Refrigerator Factory Co., Ltd. 电风扇⼯业公司Electric Fan Industry Company 电话技术开发服务公司Telephonic Technology Development Service Co.电⼒机械制造公司Electrical Machinery Manufacturing Company 电信发展公司Telecommunications Development Co. 电⼦器材公司Electronic Equipment & Materials Corporation 建筑⼯程Construction Project Consulting 咨询公司Corporation 科学仪器Scientific Instrument Import and 进出⼝公司Export Co. 仪器设备公司Instrument and Equipment Company 汽车企业集团Automobile Enterprise Group 技术开发咨询公司Technical Development and Consultancy Co. 对外服务公司Foreign Service Company 对外经济发展公司Foreign Economic Development Company 纺织企业集团Textile Enterprise Group 对外贸易公司Foreign Trade Company 贸易有限公司Trading Company Ltd. 国际投资有限公司International Investment Company 塑料制品有限公司Plastic Products Co., Ltd. ⼯艺美术品公司Arts and Crafts Corporation 国际经济技术合作公司International Economic & Technological Consulting Corporation 国际经济开发公司International Economic Development Corporation 国际科技咨询公司International Scientific and Technological Consulting Corporation 国际贸易展览公司International Trade Exhibition Company 国际商业服务公司International Commercial Service Company 国际信息处理有限公司International Information Processing Co., Ltd.国际经济合作公司International Economic Cooperation Corporation 国际⼯程集团International Engineering Group Corporation 制⾐实业公司Garments Industrial Company 化⼯⼯程咨询公司Chemical Engineering Consulting Corporation 计算机技术Computer Technology Service 服务公司Corporation ⼯程承包有限公司Project Contracting Co., Ltd. 建筑设计合资公司Building Design Joint Venture Corporation 交通进出⼝Communications Import & Export 服务公司Service Company 饭店集团服务公司Hotel Group, Ltd. 饮料有限公司Beverage Company Limited 建筑⼯程公司Construction Engineering Co. 陶瓷企业集团Porcelain Industry Complex 饲料技术开发集团Feed Technological Development Group 能源开发公司Energy Development Corporation 民办交通信息中⼼Non-Governmental Transport Information Center 国货有限公司China Products Company Ltd. ⽓象服务公司Meteorological Service Company 农资公司Agricultural Materials Company 化纤⼯业集团公司Chemical Fiber Industry Group 房产投资有限公司Realty & Investment Company 房地产开发公司Real Estate Development Company 国际集装箱有限公司International Container Co., Ltd. 证券公司Securities Company 塑料⽪⾰⼯业公司Plastics and Leather Industrial Company 讨债公司Debt Collecting Company 新型建筑材料供应公司New Building Materials Supply Company四、⾦融、保险机构中国⼈民银⾏People's Bank of China 中国⼈民建设银⾏People's Construction Bank of China 中国⼯商银⾏Industrial and Commercial Bank of China 中国农业银⾏Agricultural Bank of China 中国银⾏Bank of China 交通银⾏Bank ofCommunications 中国投资银⾏China Investment Bank中信实业银⾏CITIC Industrial Bank 中国光⼤银⾏Everbright Bank of China 厦门国际银⾏Xiamen International Bank ⼴东发展银⾏Guangdong Development Bank 浦东发展银⾏Pudong Development Bank中国国际信托投资公司China International Trust ＆Investment Corporation 中国⼈民保险公司People's Insurance Company of China 平安保险公司Ping An Insurance Company 中国⼈寿保险公司China Life Insurance Company Ltd.五、商店书店books store 粮店grain store ⾷品点food store 煤店coal store ⾷品杂货（副⾷品）店grocery 酱园sauce and pickles shop ⾁店meat (butcher's) shop 酒店wine shop ⽔产店aquatic products shop 家禽店fowl shop ⾖腐店bean curd shop 烤⾁店roast meat shop 卤味店sauced meat shop 饮⾷店food and drink shop ⼩吃店eating house (snack bar) 饭店restaurant 冷饮店cold drinks shop 蔬菜店⽔果店green grocery (green grocer's) 蔬菜店vegetables shop 鞋帽店shoes and hats store 百货公司department store 百货商场general merchandise market 服装店clothing store 成⾐店ready-made clothes shop 呢绒绸布店wool, silk and cotton fabrics store 药店（美：杂货店）drug store (pharmacy) ⼉童⽤品商店children's goods shop 妇⼥⽤品商店women's goods shop 钟表店watch and clock ship ⽂具店stationer's (stationery shop) ⽇⽤杂货店daily-use sundry goods shop 炊事⽤具商店cooking utensils shop 家⽤器具商店household utensils shop 五⾦商店metal products shop 家具店furniture shop 眼镜店eyeglasses store 玻璃礼品店glass gifts store 爆⽵鞭炮店fireworks shop 电器商店electrical appliance shop 油漆店paint shop 化⼯油漆染料店chemicals, paint and dyestuffs shop 地产建材商店native building materials store 照相馆（摄影室）photographic studio (photographer's) 旧货店second-hand goods store (used goods store) 寄卖商店commission shop 综合修理店general repair shop (service) ⼯艺美术服务社arts and crafts shop 花店flower shop 古玩珠宝店antiques and jewelry shop ⾹烟店（摊）cigarette shop (stall) 售报亭newspaper and magazine stand 茶馆tea house 理发店barber's shop (hairdresser's) 洗澡堂bath house 旅店/旅馆inn/ hotel 邮局post office七、中国⼈民团体People’s Organizations of China测绘学会Society of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography地震学会Seismological Society国际⾦融学会International Finance Society国际战略问题学会Institute for International Strategic Studies海洋学会Society of Oceanography科普学会Popular Science Society全国少年⼉童⽂化艺术委员会National Council on Cultural and Art Work for Children全国少年⼉童⼯作协调委员会National Children’s Work Coordination Committee全国史学会China Society of History 宋庆龄基⾦会（上海）Song Ching Ling Foundation (Shanghai)中国奥林匹克委员会Chinese Olympic Committee中国笔会中⼼Chinese Pen Center中国标准化协会China Association for Standardization中国残疾⼈福利基⾦会China Welfare Fund for the Handicapped中国出版协会Chinese Publishers Association中国道教协会Chinese Taoist Association中国电视艺术家协会Chinese Television Artists Association中国电影家协会China Film Association中国法律质询中⼼Chinese Legal Consultancy Center中国法律会China Law Society中国翻译⼯作者协会Translators Association of China中国佛教协会Chinese Buddhists Association中国福利会China Welfare Institute中国歌剧研究会Chinese Opera Research Institute中国共产主义青年团Communist Youth League of China中国国际法学会Chinese Society of International Law中国国际交流协会Association for International Understanding of China中国红⼗字会总会Red Cross Society of China 中国会计学会China Accounting Society中国基督教“三⾃”爱国运动委员会Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee of the Protestant Churches of China中国基督教协会China Christian Council 中国计量测试学会Chinese Society for Measurement中国⾦融学会Chinese Monetary Society中国考古协会Archaeological Society of China中国科学技术史学会Chinese Society of Science and Technology History中国科学技术协会China Society and T echnology Association中国联合国教科⽂组织全国委员会National Commission of The People’s Republic of China for UNESCO中国联合国协会United Nations Association of the People’s Republic of China中国美术家协会Chinese Artists Association中国民间⽂艺家协会China Society for the Study of Folk Literature and Art中国企业管理协会China Enterprise Management Association中国曲艺家协会Chinese Ballad Singers Association中国⼈民保卫⼉童基⾦会Chinese People’s National Committee for Defense of Chil dren 中国⼈民对外友好协会Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries中国少年⼉童基⾦会Children’s Foundation of China中国少年先锋队China Young Pioneers中国摄影家协会Chinese Photographers Society中国书法家协会Chinese Calligraphers Association中国天主教爱国会Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association中国天主教教务委员会National Administrative Commission of the Chinese Catholic Church中国天主教主教团Chinese Catholic Bishops College 中国⽂学艺术界联合会China Federation of Literary and Art Circles中国舞蹈家协会Chinese Dancers Association中国戏剧家协会Chinese Dramatists Association中国伊斯兰教协会Chinese Islamic Association中国⾳乐家协会Chinese Musicians Association中国杂技艺术家协会Chinese Acrobats Association中国政法学会China Society of Political Science and Law中国作家协会Chinese Writers Association中化全国妇⼥联合会All-China Women’s Federation中华全国⼯商联合会All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中华全国归国华侨联合会All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese中华全国青年联合会All-China Youth Federation中华全国世界语联合会All-China Esperanto League中华全国台湾同胞联谊会All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots中华全国体育总会All-China Sports Federation中华全国新闻⼯作者协会All-China Journalists’Association中华全国总⼯会All-China Federation of Trade Unions中华医学会Chinese Medical Association⼋、国家机关China's State Organs1. 全国⼈民代表⼤会National People's Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium 常务委员会StandingCommittee 办公厅General Office 秘书处Secretariat 代表资格审查委员会CredentialsCommittee 提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee 民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee 法律委员会Law Committee 财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee 外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee 教育、科学、⽂化和卫⽣委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee 内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs 华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee 法制⼯作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs 特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions 宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution 2.中华⼈民共和国主席[President of the People's Republic of China] 3. 中央军事委员会[Central Military Commission] 4. 最⾼⼈民法院[Supreme People's Court] 5. 最⾼⼈民检察院[Supreme People's Procuratorate] 6. 国务院[State Council] (1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council 外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence 国家发展计划委员会State Development Planning Commission 国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 教育部Ministry of Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology 国防科学技术⼯业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence 国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 公安部Ministry of Public Security 国家安全部Ministry of State Security 监察部Ministry of Supervision 民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部Ministry of Justice 财政部Ministry of Finance ⼈事部Ministry of Personnel 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security 国⼟资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction 铁道部Ministry of Railways 交通部Ministry of Communications 信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry ⽔利部Ministry of Water Resources 农业部Ministry of Agriculture 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation ⽂化部Ministry of Culture 卫⽣部Ministry of Public Health 国家计划⽣育委员会State Family Planning Commission 中国⼈民银⾏People's Bank of China 国家审计署State Auditing Administration (2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council 国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council 侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs 港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office 台湾事务办公室Taiwan Affairs Office 法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs 经济体制改⾰办公室Office for Economic Restructuring 国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council 新闻办公室Information Office公司部门的英⽂标识名称总公司Head Office分公司Branch Office营业部Business Office⼈事部Personnel Department⼈⼒资源部Human Resources Department总务部General Affairs Department财务部General Accounting Department销售部Sales Department促销部Sales Promotion Department国际部International Department出⼝部Export Department进⼝部Import Department公共关系Public Relations Department⼴告部Advertising Department企划部Planning Department产品开发部Product DevelopmentDepartment研发部Research and Development Department (R&D)秘书室Secretarial Pool2. 汉英⼝译分类词汇（07）--世贸组织词汇（补贴协议）可诉补贴Actionable subsidy (纺织品与服装、农产品)⼀体化进程Integration process （服务贸易）境外消费Consumption abroad（服务贸易）跨境交付Cross border supply（服务贸易）商业存在Commercial presence (服务贸易)⾃然⼈natural person (服务贸易)⾃然⼈流动Presence of natural person (解决争端)被诉⽅Defendant（解决争端）调查结果Findings (解决争端)上诉Appeal (解决争端)申诉⽅Complaint (利益的)丧失和减损Nullification and impairment (农产品)国内⽀持Domestic support（农产品）综合⽀持量AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)（农产品国内⽀持）黄箱措施Amber Box measures（农产品国内⽀持）蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions（农产品国内⽀持）绿箱措施Green Box measures (农业)多功能性Multifunctionality（欧盟）共同农业政策Common Agriculture Policy (争端解决)专家组Panel（知识产权）地理标识Geographical indications《巴黎公约》(关于保护⼯业知识产权的公约)Paris Convention《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）Basel Convention《北美⾃由贸易协定》NAFTA (North AmericanFree Trade Agreement)《濒危物种国际贸易公约》Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护⽂学和艺术作品版权的公约）Berne Convention《多种纤维协定》MFA (Multifibre Agreement)《纺织品与服装协议》ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)《服务贸易总协定》GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)《京都议定书》Kyoto Protocol《⾥斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）Lisbon Agreement《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护⼤⽓臭氧层的多边环境协定)Montreal Protocol《农产品协议》特殊保障SSG (Special Safeguard)《农业协议》中关于反补贴的和平条款Peace clause《⽣物多样性公约》CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)《信息技术协议》ITA (Information Technology Agreement)WTO最不发达国家⾼级别会议HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)北美⾃由贸易区NAFTA (North American Free Trade Area)采取措施后Ex post采取措施前Ex ante产品⽣命周期分析LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)出⼝补贴Export subsidy出⼝实绩Export performance垂直兼并vertical merger当地含量Local content 电⼦商务Electronic Commerce 东部和南部⾮洲共同市场COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)东盟⾃由贸易区ASEAN Free Trade Area动植物卫⽣检疫措施SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )反补贴税Countervailing duty反倾销措施anti-dumping measures against…反向通知Counter-notification⾮配额产品quota-free products⾮⽣产性投资investment in non-productive projects⾮洲、加勒⽐和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)风险管理/评估risk management/ assessment关贸总协定，世界贸易组织的前⾝GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)规避Circumvention国际标准化组织ISO (International Organization for Standardization)国际纺织品服装局ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)国际货币基⾦组织IMF (International Monetary Fund)国际劳⼯组织ILO (International Labor Organization)国际贸易中⼼ITC (International Trade Center)国际贸易组织ITO (International Trade Organization)国际贸易组织临时委员会ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)国际清算international settlement国际收⽀balance of international payments/ balance of payment国际收⽀条款BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions国际兽疫组织International Office of Epizootics国民待遇National treatment国内补贴Domestic subsidy 国内⽣产Domestic production海关估价Customs valuation海关完税价值Customs value横向兼并horizontal merger环保型技术EST(Environmentally-sound technology)灰⾊区域措施Grey area measures货币留成制度Currency retention scheme货币贸易理事会CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)基础税率Base tariff level既定⽇程Built-in agenda交叉报复Cross retaliation进⼝差价税Import variable duties 进⼝附加税Import surcharge进⼝环节税import linkage tax进⼝渗透Import penetration进⼝替代Import substitution进⼝许可Import licensing进⼝押⾦Import deposits经济合作与发展组织OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)垃圾融资junk financing联合国环境署UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)联合国开发计划署UNDP (United Nations Development Program)联合国粮农组织FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United States)联合国贸易与发展会议UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)粮⾷安全Food security慢性萧条chronic depression贸易和投资⾃由化和便利化TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)贸易与发展委员会Committee on Trade and Development贸易与环境委员会Committee on Trade and Environment模式Modalities南⽅共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)南亚区域合作联盟SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)欧洲⾃由贸易联盟EFTA (European Free Trade Association)配额调整条款modulation of quota clause瓶颈制约'bottleneck' restrictions全球配额global quota上诉机构Appeal body申报制度reporting system; income declaration system⽣产补贴Production subsidy实⾏国民待遇grant the national treatment to实质损害Material injury⾷品法典委员会CAC(Codex Alimentaries Commission) 世界海关组织WCO (World Customs Organization)世界贸易组织WTO (World Trade Organization)世界知识产权组织WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)市场准⼈的⾏政管理措施AAMA (Administrative Aspects of Market Access)市场准⼊Market access通知义务Notification obligation同类产品Like product乌拉圭回合Uruguay Round消费膨胀inflated consumption协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)新议题New issues许可费 License fee有秩序的市场安排Orderly market arrangements约束⽔平Bound level争端解决机构Dispute Settlement Body政府采购Government procurement 知识产权IPRs (Intellectual property rights)直接⽀付Direct payment诸边协议Plurilateral agreement 专门的营销机构Market boards转基因⽣物GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)祖⽗条款grandfather clause最不发达国家LDCs (Least-developed countries)最初谈判权(初谈权) INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights) 最惠国待遇（现通常称'正常贸易关系'）MFN（most-favored-nation) treatment最惠国贸易地位(待遇)MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)WTO术语英⽂解释GeneralGATT — General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which has been superseded as an international organization by the WTO. An updated General Agreement is now one of the WTO’s agreements.GATT 1947 — The old (pre-1994) version of the GATT.GATT 1994 — The new version of the General Agreement, incorporated into the WTO, which governs trade in goods. Members — WTO governments (first letter capitalized, in WTO style).MFN — Most-favoured-nation treatment (GATT Article I, GATS Article II and TRIPS Article 4), the principle of not discriminating between one’s trading partners.national treatment —The principle of giving others the same treatment as one’s own nationals.GATT Article III requires that imports be treated no less favourably than the same or similar domestically-produced goods once they have passed customs. GATS Article XVII and TRIPS Article 3 also deal with national treatment for services and intellectual property protection. TPRB, TPRM — The Trade Policy Review Body is General Council operating under special procedures for meetings to review trade policies and practices of individual WTO members under the TradePolicy Review Mechanism.transparency — Degree to which trade policies and practices, and the process by which they are established, are open and predictable. Uruguay Round —Multilateral trade negotiations launched at Punta del Este, Urug uay in September 1986 and concluded in Geneva in December 1993. Signed by Ministers in Marrakesh, Morocco, in April ，1994.Tariffsbinding, bound —see “tariff binding”electronic commerce — The production, advertising, sale and distribution of products via telecommunications networks.free-rider — A casual term used to infer that a country which does not make any trade concessions, profits, nonetheless, from tariff cuts and concessions made by other countries in negotiations under the most-favoured-nation principle.。

中级口译口试词汇分类整理1.) 经济类APEC, ASEAN, EU, EC (EEC), G8EURO, RMB, YEN, POUND, DOLLARUN, WHO, IMF, PLO, FBI, VOA, CIA , NSA, CCCP, DMZ, PLA, QFII, PBOC,CEPA NATO, NASA, UNESCO, OPEC, NAFTA, SAFEassociate company (subsidiary / affiliate) 联营公司（子公司、附属公司）aggregate demand 总需求aggregate supply总供给advanced technology 先进技术active balance (passive balance/ unfavorable balance) 顺差 (逆差) acquire 购置、获取，购买，取得所有权acquisition of assets 购置资产absolute advantage 绝对优势（一国或一国的一部分由于拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因而能较廉价地生产某一产品，因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势。

）authorization bill授权书asset资产Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛bottom line 帐本底线, 底线banking 银行业black market 黑市budget 预算budget deficit预算赤字budget surplus预算盈余bureaucracy 官僚作风, 官僚机构business cycle 商业周期business mechanism 创业机制business prototype商业原型、商业模型brand loyalty对某个牌子的忠诚度?business fraud (accounting fraud) 商业欺诈 (做假帐)bull/bear market 牛市/ 熊市cutting edge (have an edge on) 优势（比…有优势）cash bonuses 现金奖励commercial 商业广告commodity商品convertible currency可兑换的货币corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化capital资本, 资金, 资产checks and balances政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门的相互制约和平衡civil rights/civil liberties公民权利、自由commerce clause商业条款common law习惯法comparative advantage 相对优势competition竞争confederation联邦contract 合同cost 成本dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/经纪人depreciation / appreciation 贬值/增值deflation / inflation通货紧缩/ 通货膨胀designer clothing/jeans / sneakers 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋demand 需求strong demand需求强劲weak demand需求疲软insufficient demand需求不足effective demand 有效需求demand curve需求曲线democracy民主depression 萧条，经济不景气的一段时期，其特征是商业活动减少、价格下降、失业discount rate 贴现率discount market贴现市场double / triple / quadruple…两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）economic growth经济增长economics经济学economical节约的, 经济的efficiency 效率，功效elasticity 弹性、可塑性、灵活度elite 精英entrepreneur, entrepreneurship 企业家，企业equities [英][pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券electronic dealing 电子交易employment 就业employment rate就业率employment insurance (EI, 旧称UI--unemployment insurance)失业保险interest rate(s)利率infrastructure基础设施inflation通货膨胀fiscal year 财政年度foreign-invested venture 外资企业foreign-capital enterprise外资企业fund / capital / venture capital 资金, 资本/ 风险资金federal reserve system(美国)联邦备银行制度federation 联邦fiscal policy财政政策, 财务方针free trade 自由贸易future market 期货市场go public 上市go under 倒闭gross domestic product (GDP) 国内生产总值gross national product (GNP) 国民生产总值hedge (against) 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失a hedge against inflation. 防止通货膨胀的措施hands-off management 疏松管理high return 高收益，高回报human capital人力资本，技能资本hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀investment fever 投资热investment policy投资政策investment destination投资地点infrastructure基础设施immediate yield直接回报ideology意识形态incentive 动力interest group 利益集团(指因共同利益而结合在一起的一批人) joint venture 合资企业labor 劳动力law of demand 需求定律law of supply供给定律legitimacy合理性、合法性limited liability corporation 有限公司listed companies 上市公司liquidity 变现能力market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查market share市场占有率market economy 市场经济managerial expertise管理知识mass production批量生产mechanism 机制merger合并monopoly垄断macroeconomics宏观经济学merit 价值microeconomics微观经济学monetary policy 货币政策mortgage 按揭make ends meet 收支平衡national debt 国债oligarchy寡头政治, 寡头政治的执政团opportunity cost 机会成本optimize (maximize / minimize) 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化paragon 模范patent 专利political economy 政治经济private enterprise 私营企业productivity 生产力product 产品produce 农产品promotion 促销price 价格place 地点4 P = product, price, place and promotionprofit 利润profitable 有利可图的propaganda （贬义）宣传protectionism （贸易）保护主义performance 业绩public sector 公共部门private sector 私营部门potential market 潜在市场plunge / dip / down （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌recession 衰退，不景气referendum 公投rent 租金resources 资源savings 储蓄scarcity 缺乏separation of powers 权利分离subsidy 津贴supply 供给supply side economics 供方经济学start / build… from scratch 从零开始soar / surge / climb （价格）上涨strategic planning 战略部署, 战略计划stock / bond / securities 股票/ 债券/ 证券stock option (share option) 股票期权stock index 股指streamline 精减sales volume 销售额strong （dollar /currency / yen / RMB …）（货币）坚挺tariff 关税tax税taxation税收tax relief 税收减除tax holiday 免税期tax policy 税收政策title 所有权trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差 / 顺差trade volume 贸易额regime 政权、机制rally 反弹, 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升restructure 改组、重组top-down management 自上而下的管理模式trade bloc贸易集团（如：欧盟）trade balance 贸易平衡trade sanction贸易制裁turnover 销售额Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所Shenzhen SE 深圳证券交易所NewYork SE 纽约证券交易所London SE 伦敦证券交易所transaction 交易upstart (new rich) 暴发户unemployment rate 失业率utility 设施veto 否决venture capital 风险资金work force 职工总数、劳动力welfare state 福利国家2) 政治类“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues 三农问题"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策"eight do's" and "eight don'ts" “八个坚持、八个反对”Four Cardinal Principles四项基本原则Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）"one china, one Taiwan" “一中一台”“one country, two systems”“一国两制”“south -south cooperation”“南南合作”"Taiwan independence" “台湾独立”"two Chinas" “两个中国”“Three Represents”“三个代表”three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade)（两岸）直接三通the eight-point proposal八项主张the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则the fourth plenary session 四中全会the ninth five-year plan (1996-2000) “九五”计划the tenth five-year plan (2001-2005) “十五”计划the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee十一届三中全会the three major historical tasks三大历史任务the three Sino-Us joint communiqués 《中美三个联合公报》three favorables三个有利于16th party congress 十六大23 million Taiwan compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞a well-off standard小康水平a well-off society小康社会advance the development of the western region推进西部大开发advances with the time 与时代发展同步伐at the proper time and to an appropriate degree适时适度attempts to split the country各种分裂图谋blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit开拓创新build a well-off society in an all-round way 全面建设小康社会building a moderately prosperous society in all respects全面建设小康社会build a clean and honest government廉政建设build a conservation-minded society建设(资源)节约型社会china's cross-century development我国的跨世纪发展china's international standing 我国的国际地位china's overall national strength我国综合国力citizens' participation in political affairs公民政治参与civic duty公民职责civil rights / civil liberties公民权利、自由civil servants公务员creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity创造力、凝聚力和战斗力cross-straits negotiations 两岸谈判cross-straits relations 两岸关系crucial historical juncture 重大历史关头democratic decision-making民主决策democratic elections 民主选举democratic management民主管理Democratic Progressive Party 民进党democratic supervision 民主监督Deng Xiaoping theory邓小平理论deputy to the National People's Congress 全国人大代表extensive and profound 博大精深extravagance and waste 铺张浪费falsification 弄虚作假family planning计划生育federations of industry 工商联fetters of subjectivism and metaphysics 主观主义和形而上学的桎梏fight against "Taiwan Independence" 反对“台独”good-neighborly relationship睦邻友好government functions 政府职能government institutions政府机构government intervention政府干预government organs政府机构(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和historic breakthrough 历史性突破hold high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping theory高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜honesty 诚实守信honesty and high efficiency廉洁高效Hong Kong And Macao special administrative regions香港、澳门特别行政区ideological and moral education 思想道德建设intellectuals 知识分子intensify functions 强化功能international organizations国际性组织international situation 国际形势iron out differences 化解歧见keep pace with the times 与时俱进kingpin支撑long-term peace and order长治久安long-term social stability and solidarity长期社会安定团结Macao澳门Mao Zedong thought 毛泽东思想Marxism Leninism马克思列宁主义mass organizations人民团体masters of the country当家作主material and cultural needs of the people 人民的物质文化需要material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作moral kingpin 精神支撑morality, intelligence, physique and art德智体美national rejuvenation through science and education 科教兴国national reunification祖国统一national spirit民族精神negotiations on peaceful reunification和平统一谈判neighborhood committee 居委会NPC member人大代表our compatriots in Taiwan台湾同胞our compatriots in the Hong Kong SAR香港特别行政区同胞our compatriots in the Macao SAR 澳门特别行政区同胞patriots from all walks of life 各界爱国人士patriotic democratic personages爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线peace and development 和平与发展peace, justice and progress和平，正义，进步problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers 农业、农村和农民问题grain distribution system粮食流通体制reduce agricultural tax rate降低农业税税率reform of rural taxes and administrative charges农村税费改革repeal taxes on special agricultural products取消农业特产税rescind agricultural taxes in five years 五年内取消农业税to alleviate rural poverty through development农村扶贫开发proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote all-round social progress促进社会全面进步realm of ideology意识形态领域reform and opening-up改革开放reform, development and stability改革发展稳定rule (run) the country by law依法治国rule (run) the country by virtue以德治国running the party, state and army 治党治国治军survival and development生存和发展sustainable development 可持续发展system of regional ethnic autonomy 民族区域自治制度the Chinese people of all ethnic groups 全国各族人民the great cause of national reunification 祖国统一大业the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation中华民族的伟大复兴the people of all social strata 社会各阶层人们the provincial and municipal (prefectural) government省、市（地）两级地方政府the return of Hong Kong And Macao to the motherland香港和澳门回归祖国the smooth transition of power平稳过渡two conferences (NPC and CPPCC)两会（人大，政协）unified, open, competitive and orderly 统一、开放、竞争、有序unprecedented difficulties and pressure 空前巨大的困难和压力vigilance against risks 抗风险能力vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力win -win co-operation 强强联手with a long history behind it 源远流长world outlook 世界观3. ) TOURISM景点 tourist spot;tourist attraction名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites避暑胜地 summer resort度假胜地 holiday resort避暑山庄 mountain resort国家公园 national park古建筑群 ancient architectural complex佛教胜地 Buddhist sacred land皇城imperial city御花园 imperial garden甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells古玩店 antique/curio shop手工艺品 artifact; handicrafts国画 traditional Chinese painting天坛 the Temple of Heaven紫禁城 Forbidden City故宫the Imperial Palace敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang玉佛寺the Jade Buddha Temple岩溶地形karst topography布达拉宫 Potala Palace 洞穴/岩洞 cave; cavern温泉 hot spring陵墓 emperor’s mausoleum/tomb古墓 ancient tomb石窟 grotto祭坛 altar楼 tower; mansion台 terrace亭阁 pavilion桥bridges溪streams假山rockeries塔 pagoda; tower廊 corridor石舫 stone boat湖心亭 mid-lake pavilion保存完好 well-preserved工艺精湛 exquisite workmanship景色如画 picturesque views诱人景色 inviting views文化遗产cultural heritage/ legacy4.) 社会 ( 现象/ 问题)abortion 人工流产, 堕胎abuse of power滥用职权altruism 利他主义, 利他an aging population 人口老龄化anti-porn drive / campaign扫黄运动asylum .庇护(一国政府对他国政治难民提供的保护和豁免) bigamy 重婚birth rate人口出生率burglarproof door / antitheft door 防盗门chain effect; domino effect 连锁反应civic morality社会公德civility and harmony文明祥和community service社区服务corruption贪污court of ethics 道德法庭crime犯罪arson纵火, 纵火罪complaint center 投诉中心crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs黑恶势力犯罪drug rehabilitation center戒毒所drug trafficker毒枭drug-related crimes 毒品犯罪embezzlement盗用公款frequent property-related crimes多发性侵财犯罪juvenile delinquency青少年犯罪narcotics squad 缉毒队organized crime集团犯罪robbery抢劫sexual harassment性骚扰shoplifting 在商店偷窃商品smuggling走私theft 偷窃行为violent crimes 严重暴力犯罪demography / larithmics人口统计学DINK (Double Income No Kids)丁克一族discrimination 歧视age discrimination 年龄歧视discrimination against women 歧视妇女Feminism 男女平等主义；女权运动Feminist movement女权运动femininity .妇女特质, 柔弱性, 温柔gender / sexualdiscrimination 性别歧视job discrimination工作歧视male chauvinism 男权主义思想politically correct (PC) 政治性正确的Masculinity 男性, 阳刚之气sexism 男性至上主义, 蔑视女性sexual harassment性骚扰drug abuse 吸毒egalitarian 主张人人平等的n. 平等主义eliminate terrorism at root 消除恐怖主义的根源emotion quotient (EQ) 情商family planning 计划生育fine tradition 优秀传统gambling 赌博homosexual marriage同性婚姻sexual orientation n. 性取向gray income 灰色收入hardened professional (criminal)惯犯have an affair / an ultra-marriage affair婚外恋home for the aged / seniors' home敬老院Hope Project 希望工程household management service家政服务illiteracy文盲income disparity收入分化；贫富分化infant mortality婴儿死亡率infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities渗透、颠覆和分裂活动IPR (intellectual property right) 知识产权piracy非法翻印,盗版bootleg盗版copyright law 版权法copyright licensing business版权贸易copyright reserved; copyrighted 版权所有royalty 版税author's royalty著者版税, 作者稿酬copyright royalty 版税, 版权费fight against illegal publications“打非”underground publications 地下出版物anti-fake label. 防伪标志law of the jungle 弱肉强食法则lawsuit诉讼[glossary] [扩展]lawyer律师attorney <美>律师prosecutor公诉人case of public prosecution 公诉案件win a lawsuit胜诉appeal to a higher court 上诉charge 控告drop a lawsuit撤消控告court of appeals上诉法庭barrister(在英国有资格出席高等法庭并辩护的)律师, 法律顾问solicitor（多用于英国）初级律师，只能在低级法庭出庭的律师bar association 律师协会suspect 犯罪嫌疑人defendant 被告plaintiff 起诉人, 原告capital punishment 死刑bail 保释fine罚款jury 陪审团life sentence 判处无期徒刑notary / notarization 公证人/ 公证local police station 派出所Malthusian Theory of Population 马尔萨斯人口论material / spiritual culture 物质 / 精神文化migrant laborer 民工migrant rural workers务工农民minimum wage 最低工资money worship 拜金主义morality道德nationwide census 全国人口普查nationwide fitness campaign全民健身运动negative population growth (NPG) 人口负增长neighborhood committee / residents' committee 居委会Pandora's box 潘多拉魔盒pluralism 多元文化论polarization of rich and poor贫富悬殊polarization of wealth贫富两极化；贫富分化popularity rate普及率poverty alleviation 扶贫Poverty Relief Office扶贫办公室pro-choice 主张人工流产为合法的professional title 职称protect legitimate rights and interests of women, minors and the handicapped 保障妇女、未成年人和残疾人的合法权益quality of population 人口素质racism 种族主义acculturation 文化适应assimilation 同化, 同化作用antiracism education反种族主义教育colonialism 殖民主义ethnic cleansing种族清理 (种族灭绝)ethnic group同种同文化之民族ethnocentrism 民族优越感race人种stereotype成见genocide有计划的灭种和屠杀Anti-Semite.反犹份子(的)racial discrimination 种族歧视bias偏见revoke license 吊销执照sabotage阴谋破坏, 怠工, 破坏vi. / vt。

overseas department 海外的post and telecommunications 邮电tour around Shanghai 逛逛，游览，参观上海come all the way from…to…in远道而来in person 亲自feel honored and pleased 感到荣幸和愉快worthwhile＝rewarding 有价值的，有意义的rewarding 有收获的receive one's gracious invitation to do 受到盛情邀请gracious invitation 盛情邀请at the invitation of sb. 承蒙某人的邀请关于“extend"extend one's invitation 向某人发出邀请extend warm welcome 向某人表示热烈欢迎extend sincere thanks 向某人表示衷心的感谢extend warm greetings to sb. 向某人表示热烈的问候distinguished 杰出的，优秀的distinguished guest 贵客have long been doing 表示“一直都……”的类似的意思long-expected 期盼已久的，梦寐以求的feel grateful 万分感激have high expectation on 对。

寄予厚望especially for ……专用的a 15-minute car ride/bus ride/horse ride/bicycle ride/walk15分钟的路程look over the sea 能眺望到海的"look over the sea" 面向国际的＝internationally-oriented literally means 字面的意思是literally …毫不夸张地说＝without an exaggerationa country of islands 岛国a city state 城市国家have much in common with 与……有许多共同点accommodation fees 住宿费accommodate sb. at…安排某人在……下榻a big concern 关注点，焦点，令人头疼地问题，一个中心what concerns sb. most is that…hold a reception party in one's honor 为某人接风洗尘hold a good-bye party in one's honor 为某人饯行I've long heard of you 久仰，久闻大名make sb. feel at home 使某人舒适如归a good sense of humor 很有幽默感share/exchange my thoughts with 与，某人交流看法share (v) = exchange(v.) 交流exchange (n.) = flow(n.) 交流cultural exchanges 文化交流a growing number of 越来越多的……sth. is on the rise 呈上升趋势＝sth. is climbing 这里的主语的对象必须使数字I'd like to hear them. = I'm all ears to it. 洗耳恭听flock into = pour into = swarm into 蜂拥而至，纷至沓来等类似的意思investment destination = investment attractions 投资（热）点tourist attractions 旅游景点Shanghai and its surrounding areas 上海及其周边地区quadruple 是原来的四倍triple 是原来的三倍double 是原来的二倍ever rising investment fever 不断增长的投资热a growing trend of / a move toward 一个……的趋势the fastest growing economies 经济增长最快的国家economy (n.) 经济大国，经济强国，经济体apart from the fact that…此外Chinese central government 中央政府local governments 地方政府provincial delegation 地方代表团delegation 代表团（商业性）mission 代表团，使命团（政治性的）coastal cities 沿海城市，港口城市US pacific coastal cities 美国沿太平洋港口城市interior areas 内地= China's inlandWest China 中国西部focus a lot of attention on 高度重视＝highly value = pay great efforts to = center on= place emphasis onopen China up to 开放中国open China wider 扩大中国的开放complete opening-up = sufficient opening-up 高度开放institutional investors 团体投资者，企业投资者individual investors 个体投资者individual 侧重个体性personal / private 侧重私有性profitable 有利可图的lucrative 利润丰厚的yield high economic returns 取得高经济回报yield = reap = achieve 优惠政策preferential policy 对外政策foreign policy 偏好，喜好preference 遵守政策follow the policy 制定政策carry out the policy 实施政策policy 后有具体关于policy的内容出现，用concerning…,governing…,in terms of…连接direct foreign investment 在华直接投资maximize 最大程度地发挥maximize the strengths of both parties concerned最大程度地发挥双方的优势the actual economic strengths 经济实力both parties concerned = both parties interested （所涉及的）双方massive land / abundant natural resources / huge cheap iabor / low taxation / growing consumer market / improving infrastructure / sound investment environment / sufficient funds / managerial expertiseChina boasts…中国有boast 这个“有”表示后面所有的是种优势，财富import and export trade 进出口贸易imports 进口产品intend to do = have interest in doing 有意做某事literature （以某一课题为主题的）宣传资料，研究资料at a given time 在一个特定的时间Given…面对着……joint ventures 合资企业solely-foreign funded company 外商独资company through the cooperation between Chinese and foreign parts中外合资foreign-funded joint ventures 三资企业（统称）capital funds 资金machinery 机械management 管理management staff 管理人员top management 高层管理jointly run by 由……共同经营，管理supervised by 由……监督管理take all the benefits as well as risks 承担所有风险和利益within the boundary of Chinese laws 在中国法律许可的范围内＝under Chinese laws laws and regulations concerning… = laws and regulations governing…关于（……内容）的法律法规enlightening 令人豁然开朗的we'd like sb. To do 我们想……expect the early arrival of 盼望……的早日来到discuss with sb. the possibilities of doing 与某人讨论一下看看是否有做某事的可能性cordless phones 无绳电话mobile phones 移动电话investment proposal 投资提议propose a toast to…提议为……祝酒join in the toast to…与某人一起为……祝酒seek foreign investment 寻求外商投资manufacturing industry 生产业manufactured products 产成品semi-manufactured products 半成品your initiative is most welcomed 你的提议非常好individual initiative 个人能动性，主观能动性initially 一开始，起初at one's initial stage 在……起步阶段，初期＝at the embryo stage t he direct result is…直接结果是……，直接效果是……economic results 经济成果，经济回报convincing 很令人信服，很有说服力express train 快车，直达车welcome aboard 欢迎上车，船，飞机，比喻为欢迎加入embark on the trip 开始……之旅＝startget down to the business 谈正事，言归正传conduct research on 对……进行调查研究moderate rate and safe size 稳妥的速度，适当的规模a good size 适中的规模a good price 优惠的价格how much would you share in this partnership? 在这个合作中你方投资比例占多少？a 50 to 50 distribution in business management and profits share公司管理经营和利润分成比例是五五开be in high demand 有很大的需求a 50% domestic marketing 在国内销售50％的产品market(v.) 销售foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备foreign currency 外汇foreign exchange 对外交流convertible 可兑换的enjoy free convertibility 可自由兑换for the rainy day 以防万一，未雨绸缪term of partnership 合作期限，合同期限＝term of contractstart with a 2--year term 一开始签一个2年的合同start with…一开始……做extend contract （合同到期后的）展期，要区别延期expire 合同到期，届满a board of directors 董事会hold another round of talks on 举行再一轮会谈it has been a rewarding day 今天是很有收获，很有成就的一天It is said that / I've heard that…据说car-driven 由汽车驱动的it is not an exaggera tion that…毫不夸张地说＝literallyobservation 观点，看法observe laws 遵守法律which says something about 大致说明了……＝give a bird's-eye viewgive a brief introduction of = give a brief introduction of = outline(v.)简介drive-in bank / restaurant / movie 免下车银行……be supposed / expected to do 应该drive under the speed limit 控制再行车限速内a minimum / maximum speed ofposted 标牌所规定的car rental services 租车公司service 可解释为“公司”，特指服务型公司如tourist servicetravel agent 旅行社CNTA 中国国家旅游管理局tourism = tourist service 旅游业way of paying = terns of payment 付款方式Shanghai office 上海办事处take credit card 可以用信用卡demand a major credit card 只能用大的信用卡大的信用卡主要指三张卡：万事达卡Master Card威萨卡Visa美国运通卡American Express他们的区别只是在于加入了不同的货币组织pay a high deposit on 付很高的押金their rate is lower 他们的收费更低（make)special offers 优惠价long distance coach (company) 长途巴士offer monthly pass 有月票出售regulated price 单一票价shuttle and commuter flight 穿梭航班commuter bus 班车，厂车commuter 通勤者，上班族，朝九晚五的人overpopulation 人口过剩，人口膨胀cab = taxicabby = taxi drivertelephone directory 电话薄company listed in Yellow Pages 在黄页里列出的公司company listed on New York Stock Exchange 在纽约股票交易所上市的公司a listed company = a public-owned company 上市公司tipping is optional 付小费是自愿的expressway = super highway = freeway 高速highway = main road 大马路，交通要道on a business trip 出公差passenger rail service 铁路客运服务transfer from subway line I to line 2an interview with sb. on 对某人关于……的采访Nobel prize wining microbiologist 获得诺贝尔奖的微生物家AIDS epidemic艾滋病(的传播）exert an impact on 对……产生影响public health 公共卫生/hygiene 卫生（学）/sanitation卫生设施on an international scale 在全世界范围内nation-wide(a.) 在全国范围内a national drive for ……的全民进程，建设modernization drive 现代化进程，现代化建设four parts in Chinese modernization 四个现代化undermine countries 危害国家生计the middle ages of population 中年人群carry out the functions of the societyhomosexual population 同性恋人口homosexually transmitted diseases 由同性恋传播的疾病massive educational campaign 大型的宣传教育活动take a severe risk 冒巨大的风险seriousness / severity (n.) 严重性ultimate solution to ……的最终解决方法ultimate purpose 最终目的objectives (n.) 目的self-defeating (a.) 自暴自弃HIV virus 艾滋病病毒AIDS carrier 艾滋病携带者AIDS patients艾滋病患者HIV positive 艾滋病检测呈阳性be infected with 感染了……quarantine (v.) 隔离futile 徒劳无益的mandatory testing 强制性化验voluntary and confidential testing 患者自愿的，化验结果保密的化验traumatic = disturbing 令人不安的drive sb. underground 把某人吓走，赶跑leading cause 最主要的原因，最直接的原因leading business 行业领头羊play a leading role 处于龙头的地位appropriate 适合的，可行的better off knowing than not knowing 知道比不知道好take action to 采取措施take concrete steps to 坚信不移地，脚踏实地地，一步一个胶印地interpret symptoms 解释症状，说明症状plague(v.) (象瘟神一样）困扰着conceivable 可以想得到的Sino-American 中美US-Chinese 美中business communication style 商务交谈风格do sth. With pleasure 很荣幸地做某事…,as opposed to与……形成对比的是，与……相反的是oppose tosocializing(n.) 社交social active 好交际的agreeable = kind"get-down-to-business-first" mentality 工作为先的思想"bottom-up, then top-down and then bottom-up" decision-making principle自下而上，自上而下，再自下而上的决策原则decision-making process 决策环节，决策过程decision-makers 决策者，决策层top management 高层（管理者）business practices 商务惯例practices 做法I'd say…=I thinka firm business relationship 紧密的，牢固的商务联系advantages = merits = strengths 优势careful planning 精密筹划frustrate 令人感到沮丧，挫败a joy of participation and fulfillment 一种参与的快乐和成就感a sense of dedication to 一种兢兢业业的奉献精神make sense of sth. 使……有意义a sense of belonging in a community 一种社会归属感community belonging (n.)gain social importance 获得社会的认可view sth. as 把……视作in view of 鉴于maintain one's position on 坚持对于某事的立场，态度be recognized by 受到……的认可humane(a.) 人道的humanitarian(a.) 人道主义精神的humanitarianism 人道主义精神executives 行政管理者time-consuming and nerve-racking 费时费力的membership 会员资格individual-oriented 自我为中心的（不再只是贬抑，随着改革开放成了一个中性词）our entire party 整个随行团Long March 长征acquire a keen sense of 切身体会到，强烈感受到diversity 多样性dynamism 活力under the policy of 在……政策的指导下have a special regard to 对……有特殊的情感，敬慕之情old and nostalgic home 思念的故乡，梦中的故乡utmost courtesy 高度的礼貌genuine friendship 诚挚的友情set on road to 踏上……的道路，走上……的道路take the road to…走……的道路students in exchange 交流生nonetheless = howeverissues of differences 分歧resolve differences 解决分歧issues of common interest 共同关心的问题reach consensus on 对……达成共识former government leader 政府前领导人the late Mr.…已故的……in this context 在……的形势下，在……的环境下in this case 鉴于此this is not the case 事实并非如此non-governmental sectors 非政府组织there's no doubt that = it goes without saying 毋庸置疑reach a new stage 发展到一个新阶段，达到一个新高度push to a new stage 推向一个新高度a new upsurge in 在……方面掀起新的高潮commercial ties = trade ties 商业联系good faith 良好诚意good-will visit 友好访问flourish / prosper(v.) 繁荣，昌盛strategic relations 战略关系mutual benefits互惠互利overshadowed by 因为……而显得不重要，因为……而黯然失色extensive exchanges 广泛的，深入的交流cradles of civilization 文明的摇篮，发源地originate from + place 起源于某地＝take one's origin inoriginate with + people 由某人开创Yellow River Valley] 黄河流域Yangtze River Valley 长江流域Indus River Valley 印度河流域Your Excellency = You Honor 阁下His / Her Excellencyrenew old friendship and establish new contacts 会会老友，结交新友business contacts 商业伙伴，商业联系It is absolutely vital that 至关重要……countries, big or small, strong or weak, should…国不论大小，强弱……conduct relations = handle relations 处理关系regarding the problems of 鉴于……的问题a constant source of encouragement 不断的鼓舞a strong force to…一支强有力的力量take the opportunity to = on the occasion of 值此……之际＝avail oneself of the opportunity toat one's earliest convenience 在某人最方便的时候return(v.) 回报propose a toast to 提议为……祝酒join me in the toast to 与我一同举杯，为了……cheers! 干杯in the service of 为了……服务in the name of 在……的名义下in the guise of 假借……的名义in the interest of 从……的利益出发in the spirit of 本着……的精神be in the persistent pursuit of 对……坚定不移，对……不懈的追求＝affirm(v.)make unremitting endeavors 不懈的追求in closing 最后last but not least 最后first and foremost 第一(这两个只有在很大的，很正式的场合才用）feel privileged to 感到荣幸做……Asian affaires 亚洲事物International affaires 国际事物hereby 在此thereby 因此constructive 具有建设性expand cooperative relations 拓展友好合作关系trade bloc 贸易集团GDP 国内生产总值GNP 国民生产总值foreign trade volume 外贸额unified tariffs 统一的关税agricultural and fishery policy 农业和渔业政策initially establish 初步建立……initiative(n.) 主观能动性，积极性initiator 创始者，发起者enjoy high level of political and economic integration高度的政治经济一体化in other words 换言之before long = soonexport market 出口市场market(v.) 销售market share 市场份额have a share in the market = grab the market 占有市场lag behind 落后于current Euro-Asian economic and trade contacts现有的亚欧经贸联系a far cry from meeting demands 远不能满足需求emerge(v.) 出现，形成emerging(a.) 新兴的Asian-pacific Economic Cooperation=APEC 亚太经和组织European Union 欧盟via the forum of 通过……的论坛Given…面对着……＝faced with…forge(v) 牢固建立equal partnership 平等合作关系witness a rapid rise to prosperity 见证了快速崛起到繁荣的整个过程a miraculous rise as…奇迹般的崛起，成为……witness 的用法：年份，时间做主语witness 做宾语表示在这段时间内发生了……robust economic zone 活跃的经济区monetary union 货币联盟alliance = alignmentresolve differences 解决分歧on behalf of 代表……incomparable hospitality 无比盛情pay tribute to 赞颂，无比感谢conclude in a congenial atmosphere 在融洽的气氛中闭幕start on different roads leading to the same goal 沿着殊途同归的道路……restructure(v.) 结构重组form of government 政府形式course of development 发展道路causes = undertakings 事业lofty 崇高的free of outside interference or domination 不受外界的干涉和统治socio-political system 社会政治体系grumble at 对……满腹牢骚，心存不满critics 批评家，评论家critique(n.) 批评impose sth. on 把……强加于……上deeply rooted in 深深扎根于，在某人心中根深蒂固＝plant in the depth of one's mindwell side by side 有充分依据的live side by side 和平共处assess in identical fashion 以同一种模式来衡量see eye to eye on 对……意见一致inconceivable 想不到的fundamental need for 最根本的需求watch with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着hatred(n) 憎恨have the vision to 有卓越的远见……envision (v.) 有卓越的远见foreseeing (a.) 有远见的This is the hour 时不我与，时不我待rise to the heights of greatness 攀登理想的高峰gracious remarks 热情洋溢的讲话eloquent remarks 雄辩的讲话domination = monopoly 垄断be destined to 必将……，势必……＝be to do = will be doing on this most beautiful moon-lit evening 在这美丽无比的明月当空的夜晚take time off one's busy schedule 拨冗参加traditional Chinese cuisines 中国传统佳肴cuisine 区别于food stylecuisine 代表一个国家的，并非地方的French cuisine 法国大餐Italy cuisine 意大利菜肴authentic 正宗的，原汁原味的，传统的in an easy way = in a less formal way 以一种轻松的方式in one way 在一方面，从某种程度上说wish you good health 祝身体健康wish you a happy new year 祝新年快乐wish you all the best 祝万事如意taste to one's heart content 尽心品尝well-decorated hall 装饰华丽的大厅pragmatic 务实的（指的是态度）区别与practical 指的是性质community service 社区服务Shanghai Municipal Government 上海市政府Community Social Workers Association 社区工作者协会people from various circles = all walks of life 各行各业关于“……业，界，圈”用field 侧重领域profession 侧重行业business 侧重商业范畴industry 侧重工业our warm welcome also goes to 我们同时也热烈欢迎……socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济social welfare 社会福利benefits 福利，区别与welfare, welfare是国家统一的，benefits是各公司，企业内部订的，有所不同security system 安全体系transformation of governmental functions 政府职能的转换undertake (v.) 从事于……undertakings = courses 事业career moves 职业生涯macro-management 宏观调控macro-management measures 宏观调控措施close collaboration 紧密协作＝work in concert = pull together = join hands toconcerted effortsdivision of responsibility 职能的划分emerge an issue 一个问题产生了＝an issue surfaced accumulate much experience 积累经验in this regard 在这方面merit reference and study 值得借鉴和学习is bound for 必将，势必……abundant achievement 巨大的成功in a friendly manner 以友好的方式；此处的manner = way = fashion in a step-by-step fashion 循序渐进的，逐步的exchange views on 对于……问题交流看法inter-continental exchanges 两大陆之间的交流a pioneering endeavor of historic significance 具有历史性的开创性的努力widely-shared desire of 共同的愿望profound changes 巨大的变化a growing trend toward multi-polarity 多极化发展的趋势have a positive impact on 对……产生积极的影响the shaping of new world pattern 新世界格局的形成call for 号召，呼吁，呼声new methodology 新方法（论）look back on the past experiences 回顾过去的经验seek common ground while shelving differences求同存异eliminate trade discrimination against 消除对……的贸易歧视eliminate 还可解释为“淘汰”oppose (v.) 反对imposition of trade sanction 强加的贸易制裁we on our part 作为我们这一方EU integration 欧盟一体化demonstrate openness 主持公道uphold justice 主持公道，高举正义的旗帜formulate a set of related laws 制定一系列相关的法律make positive contributions to 对……做出积极的贡献oriented toward new century 面向新世纪internationally-oriented 面向国际的，朝国际定位的shape a splendid future 创造美好的未来heartfelt thanks 衷心的感谢Royal Government of the Kingdom of Thailand 泰王国政府the lecture is for beginners 普及性讲座make a profit on 靠……赚钱an increase in stock's price 股票价格上涨stock's price 股票市值a stock is an ownership share in a business 股票是对一个公司的所以权的拥有ownership 所有权have stock holdings 拥有股份trade on the New York Stock Exchange 在纽约股票交易所交易trade shares 交易股票stock trades 股票交易publicly owned company = listed company 上市公司stockbroker 股票经纪人dealer 交易员bull market 牛市bear market 熊市short-term trading （股票）短期交易day trading （股票）日交易stock indexes 股票指数The Dow Jones Industrial Average 道琼斯工业平均指数The NASDAQ Composite Index 纳斯达克综合指数have a large share in the market 在市场上占有很大份额have the greatest demand 对……需求很大my demand is bulk 我的需求量很大raise money = collect money 筹款champagne sampling party 香槟品尝会eponymous drink 与……地方齐名的be akin to 与……极其相似unique flavor 独特的口味any car can do the trick, but some cars are about more than just getting there任何车都可以开，但有些车是不仅仅只为了开的painstaking process 整个过程很费心思take a legal minimum of 15 months 按规矩至少要15个月it's a wonderful thought that 一想到……就感到非常好the ultimate drink 极品饮料non-vintage (a.) 非上等品的match…with把……搭配在一起go especially with 与……相得益彰oily, richer dishes 油腻的，口味重的菜delicate vegetable tastes 精致的清谈的蔬菜boil down to one thing 千言万语归结为一点is nothing but = very muchis anything but = not at allfeel free to 尽情……candlelit dinner 烛光晚餐look in the Yellow pages under Motel or Lodging在黄页中查旅馆，住宿这一栏exceptionally tall people 特别高的人exceptionally 格外地，特别地ads 广告in any case 不管怎样mountain resort 避暑山庄skiing resort 滑雪胜地honeymoon resort 蜜月旅行胜地summer resort 避暑胜地resort hotels 度假地宾馆single bed 单人床twin bed 对床double bed 双人床queen size bed 大号床king size bed 加阔的床"long boy" 加长的床waterbed 水床hide-a-bed 暗床rollaway bed 折叠床camping 露营，野营campground 露营地，野营地camping park 露营公园，野营公园trailer 房车fold out 展开fold up 折叠起来cathedral 大教堂（特指天主教的）lay the first stone 奠基in the presence of sb. 在某人的出席下，在某人的注视下attend services （宗）做礼拜，出席宗教仪式be shaped like a cross 造成十字的样子shape 做v.形成shape new international pattern 形成新世界格局bell tower 钟楼，塔楼celebrate sb. 为了纪念某人educational programs 教育计划，教育活动grocery market 菜市场be well stocked with 有……充足的备货be well stocked with fish and meat 鱼肉满架quantitative and qualitative differences 数量和质量上的区别indispensable 不可或缺的Dragon Boat Festival 端午节Dragon boat races 赛龙舟Mid-autumn festival 中秋节View the full moon 赏月a symbol for completeness 团圆的象征family reunion 家庭聚会on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month 阴历五月初五lunar calendar 阴历solar calendar 阳历be celebrated in memory of Qu Yuan 为了纪念屈原glutinous rice 糯米sacrificial offerings = sacrifices 祭祀品perform sacrifices 进行祭祀（仪式）pray for country's prosperity 为祖国的繁荣祈福offer sacrifices to Heaven and Earth 祭天拜地departed soul 亡魂by extension 进一步象征着……，其比喻意是traditional favorites 传统美味佳肴customarily 按习惯……lavishly consuming food and drinking = serious cooking and delighted eating大吃大喝niangao / babaofan / zongzi / dumplingbe homonymous with 同音异意的，双关的business operation 商务行为，商务活动，商务操作cross-regional 跨地区的cross-trade 跨行业的cross-ownership 跨所有制的integrate 融……于一体entertainment attractions = recreational attraction娱乐休闲场所hub 活动中心entertainment facility 娱乐设施concourse 娱乐总汇Sino-Australian 中澳shanghai-Hong Kong jointly-funded 沪港合资的textile manufacturing company limited 纺织生产有限公司Co, Ltd. 有限公司Inc. 公司＝incorporationcombined capital assets （合资）总资产annual turnover 年销售额subordinate to =affiliated to 附属于"＝under…CNTA 中国国家旅游管理局scope of business 经营范围ranges over = covers 覆盖了，包括了，涉及了in-and -out-bound travel 出入境游ticket booking 订票take pride in = boast （拥)有boast 后拥有的是实在的东西，enjoy 后拥有的是抽象的东西state-certified 国家认可的，有国家资质的proficient in 精通于，擅长……＝with excellence in Cantonese 广东话，广东人。

全国人民代表大会（简称全国人大）National People's Congress (NPC)全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress全国人民代表大会主席团the NPC Presidium全国人民代表大会常务委员会the NPC Standing Committee全国人民代表大会常务委员会办公厅the general offices of the NPC Standing Committee九届全国人大五次会议the Fifth Session of the Ninth NPC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会（简称全国政协）National Committeeof the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC 小组讨论panel discussions/group discussions政府工作报告government's work report宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution新闻发布会press conference全体会议plenary meeting弱势群体disadvantaged groups (对弱势群体给予特殊的就业援助。

--Special employment assistance should be given to members of disadvantaged groups.)西电东送transmission of electricity from the western to the eastern region加快经济结构调整accelerate economic restructuring购买力purchasing power城镇社会保障体系urban social security system下岗职工基本生活费subsistence allowances for laid-off workers离退休人员基本养老金basic pensions for retirees特困行业和企业industries and enterprises in dire straits试点项目pilot project抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump医疗改革health care reform农村剩余劳动力surplus rural workers年度国家预算annual State budge扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption生计问题bread and butter issue乡镇企业township enterprises生态建筑ecological construction中共中央总书记General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee书记处书记Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee中央委员Member, Central Committee候补委员Alternate Member…省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记secretary, Party Leadership Group中华人民共和国主席/副主席President/Vice President, the People's Republic of China全国人大委员长/副委员长Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People's Congress秘书长Secretary-General主任委员Chairman委员Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People's Congress人大代表Deputy to the People's Congress国务院总理Premier, State Council国务委员State Councilor秘书长Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（国务院各部）部长Minister部长助理Assistant Minister香港特别行政区行政长官Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region发言人Spokesman顾问Advisor参事Counselor巡视员Inspector/Monitor特派员Commissioner中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC中央政策研究室Policy Research Office, CCCPC中央直属机关工作委员会Work Committee for Offices Directly under the CCCPC中央国家机关工作委员会State Organs Work Committee of the CPC中央台湾工作委员会Taiwan Affairs Office, CCCPC中央对外宣传办公室International Communication Office, CCCPC中央党校Party School of the CPC中央党史研究室Party History Research Centre, CCCPC中央文献研究室Party Literature Research Centre, CCCPC中央翻译局Compilation and Translation Bureau, CCCPC中央外文出版发行事业局China Foreign Languages Publishing and Distribution Administration中央档案馆Archives Bureau, CCCPC《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC 中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees中国共产党(中共)Communist Party of China (CPC)中国国民党革命委员会(民革)Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang中国民主同盟(民盟)Chinese Democratic League中国民主建国会(民建)China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主促进会(民进)China Association for Promoting Democracy中国农工民主党Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party九三学社Jiu San Society台湾民主自治同盟(台盟)Taiwan Democratic Self Government League高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻"三个代表"重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents"坚持解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，弘扬与时俱进的精神adhere to the ideological guideline of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, and upholds the spirit of advancing with time.两大历史性课题（提高党的执政能力和领导水平、提高拒腐防变和抵御风险能力）the two major historic subjects of enhancing the abilities of administration and art of leadership and resisting corruption, guarding against degeneration and warding off risks.全面推进党的建设的新的伟大工程forge ahead with the new great project of Party building三讲教育：讲学习，讲政治，讲正气three emphases education (to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct)有中国特色的社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory与时俱进advance with the times综合国力overall national strength可持续发展sustainable development三峡工程Three-Gorges Project三峡移民Migrants from Three Gorges area电视会议televised meeting常务委员Standing Committee member下岗职工laid-off workers再就业re-employment再就业下岗人员re-employment of laid-off workers隐形就业hidden employment国有企业改革Reform of state- owned enterprises医保制度改革Reform of medical insurance system政府机构改革Reform of government institutions现代远程教育modern distance education西部大开发the strategy of developing the western region青藏铁路Qinghai-Tibet Railway农村电网改造projects to upgrade rural power grids退耕还林、还草工程Grain for Green Project增收节支increase revenue and cut government expenditure立法机关 LEGISLATURE中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People’s Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People’s Congress政府机构 GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People’s Government外交官衔 DIPLOMATIC RANK公使 Minister参赞 Counselor政务参赞 Political Counselor商务参赞 Commercial Counselor经济参赞 Economic Counselor新闻文化参赞 Press and Cultural Counselor公使衔参赞 Minister-Counselor商务专员 Commercial Attaché经济专员 Economic Attaché文化专员 Cultural Attaché商务代表 Trade Representative一等秘书 First Secretary武官 Military Attaché专员/随员 Attaché中央委员 Member, Central Committee候补委员 Alternate Member…省委/市委书记 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC 党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group社会团体 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION会长 President主席 Chairman名誉顾问 Honorary Adviser理事长 President理事 Trustee/Council Member总干事 Director-General总监 Directorreform and opening up and in the modernization drive改革开放和社会主义现代化建设Per capita GDP人均国内生产总值financial strength grew noticeably财力明显增强total government revenue全国财政收入total import and export volume进出口总额laid-off workers下岗失业人员urban per capita disposable income城镇居民人均可支配收入rural per capita net income农民人均纯收入grew in real terms实际增长first manned space flight首次载人航天飞行overall national strength综合国力communicable disease传染性疾病mobilized the general public throughout the country to control the outbreak 在全国范围内实行群防群控primary-level organizations基层组织prevention and treatment work预防救治工作anti-SARS campaign抗击非典斗争expand domestic demand扩大内需a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策macro-control宏观调控rectify and standardize the order of the land market整顿和规范土地市场秩序stop disorderly and unauthorized acquisition of farmland制止乱征滥占耕地deposit-reserve ratio存款准备金率an appropriate amount of fine-tuning适度微调agriculture, rural areas and farmers"三农"major grain producing areas粮食主产区important raw and processed materials重要原材料strategic restructuring of the economy经济结构战略性调整the second phase of the key water control project at the ThreeGorges on the Yangtze River三峡水利枢纽二期工程south-to-north water diversion project南水北调工程social undertakings社会事业treasury bonds国债national public health system全国公共卫生体系public health infrastructure公共卫生设施pilot projects试点项目medical care system and medical assistance system医疗制度和医疗合作制度central budget中央财政预算modern distance education现代远程教育strategically important hi-tech research战略高技术研究industrial application of new and high technologies高新技术产业化a national medium- to long-range program for scientific andtechnological development 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划feasibility studies可行性研究family planning work计划生育工作land and resources administration国土资源管理social security work社会保障工作vital interests切身利益employment and reemployment就业再就业college expansion plan高校扩招计划regular institutions of higher learning普通高校"two guarantees" (guaranteeing that the living allowances forworkers laid off from state-owned enterprises and that thepensions of retirees are paid on time and in full)"两个确保"（确保国有企业下岗职工的基本生活，确保离退休人员的基本生活，保证按时足额发放基本养老金）"three-stage guarantee" for laid-off workers"三条保障线"（国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障、失业保险、城市居民最低生活保障制度三条保障线）subsistence allowances for the urban poor城市居民最低生活保障special funds专项资金disabled revolutionary servicemen革命伤残军人post-disaster reconstruction灾后重建the problem of wage arrears for migrant rural workers拖欠农民工工资问题institutional innovation体制创新state assets国有资产a mechanism for oversight and management of the bankingsector 银行业监管体系administrative examination and approval system行政审批制度Fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies. 国有企业股份制改革继续推进。