钢结构术语

University beam (UB)----通用梁(工字梁)University columns (UC)----通用柱Rolled steel angles (RSA)----角钢RSC----C型钢(槽钢)Rectangular hollow sections (RHS)----矩形中空型钢Square hollow sections (SHS)-----正方形中空型钢Circular hollow sections (CHS)----圆形中空型钢High strength friction GRIP (HSFG)----高强度摩擦紧固螺栓Tension control (TC)----拉力控制All flux -----合金焊剂All-weld-metal test specimen------全焊缝金属试件(完全由焊缝金属组成的缩短断面试件)Automatic welding-----自动焊接Back gouging-----清根Backing----衬垫base metal----母材Bevel angle----破口面角度Box tubing-----箱型管Butt joint ---- 对接接头Butt weld ---- 对接焊缝Cap pass ---- 盖面焊道Complete penetration ---- 完全熔透Corner joint ---- 角接接头contract documents ---- 合同文件contractor ---- 承包商contractor’s Inspector ---- 承包商检验员ESW (electroslag welding) ---- 电渣焊FCA W(flux cored arc welding) ---- 药芯焊丝电弧焊。

钢结构专业术语
1. 剪力墙(Shear Wall)
剪力墙是一种承受水平荷载(如风荷载和地震荷载)的结构系统,通常由钢筋混凝土或结构钢构成,在建筑物中起到抵抗侧向力的作用。

2. 抗弯构件(Bending Member)
抗弯构件是指在构件受力过程中主要承受弯矩的构件,如梁、板等。

3. 抗压构件(Compression Member)
抗压构件是指在构件受力过程中主要承受轴向压力的构件,如柱、支撑等。

4. 刚接(Rigid Connection)
刚接是指连接构件时,能够传递弯矩和剪力的连接方式,使连接处的变形很小。

5. 铰接(Hinged Connection)
铰接是指连接构件时,只能传递轴向力,不能传递弯矩的连接方式。

6. 支座(Bearing)
支座是钢结构与基础之间的连接部件,用于传递荷载并允许一定程度的位移。

7. 稳定性(Stability)
稳定性是指结构在各种荷载作用下保持平衡状态的能力,避免发生整
体或局部失稳。

8. 疲劳(Fatigue)
疲劳是指由于反复循环载荷作用导致的材料性能逐渐降低的现象。

9. 腐蚀(Corrosion)
腐蚀是指金属材料在环境作用下发生化学或电化学反应,导致材料失效的过程。

10. 防火(Fire Protection)
防火是指采取一系列措施,以降低火灾发生的风险,并限制火灾蔓延,保护人员和财产安全。

钢结构术语和符号（中英文对照）一、术语1、强度：构件截面材料或连接抵抗破坏的能力。

强度计算是防止结构构件或连接因材料强度被超过而破坏的计算。

2、承载能力：结构或构件不会因强度、稳定或疲劳等因素破坏所能承受的最大内力；或塑性分析形成破坏机构时的最大内力；或达到不适应于继续承载的变形时的内力。

3、脆断：一般指钢结构在拉应力状态下没有出现警示性的塑性变形而突然发生的脆性断裂。

4、强度标准值：国家标准规定的钢材屈服点(屈服强度)或抗拉强度。

5、强度设计值：钢材或连接的强度标准值除以相应抗力分项系数后的数值。

6、一阶弹性分析：不考虑结构二阶变形对内力产生的影响，根据未变形的结构建立平衡条件，按弹性阶段分析结构内力及位移。

7、二阶弹性分析：考虑结构二阶变形对内力产生的影响，根据位移后的结构建立平衡条件，按弹性阶段分析结构内力及位移。

8、屈曲：杆件或板件在轴心压力、弯矩、剪力单独或共同作用下突然发生与原受力状态不符的较大变形而失去稳定。

9、腹板屈曲后强度：腹板屈曲后尚能继续保持承受荷载的能力。

10、通用高厚比：参数，其值等于钢材受弯、受剪或受压屈服强度除以相应的腹板抗弯、抗剪或局部承压弹性屈曲应力之商的平方根。

11、整体稳定：在外荷载作用下，对整个结构或构件能否发生屈曲或失稳的评估。

12、有效宽度：在进行截面强度和稳定性计算时宽度。

假定板件有效的那13、有效宽度系数：板件有效宽度与板件实际宽度的比值。

14、计算长度：构件在其有效约束点间的几何长度乘以考虑杆端变形情况和所受荷载情况的系数而得的等效长度，用以计算构件的长细比。

计算焊缝连接强度时采用的焊缝长度。

15、长细比：构件计算长度与构件截面回转半径的比值。

16、换算长细比：在轴心受压构件的整体稳定计算中，按临界力相等的原则，将格构式构件换算为实腹构件进行计算时所对应的长细比或将弯扭与扭转失稳换算为弯曲失稳时采用的长细比。

17、支撑力：为减小受压构件(或构件的受压翼缘)的自由长度所设置的侧向支承处，在被支撑构件（或构件受压翼缘)的屈曲方向，所需施加于该构件(或构件受压冀缘)截面剪心的侧向力。

钢结构设计专用术语1．1结构术语1 焊接钢结构welded steel structure以手工电弧焊接或自动、半自动埋弧焊接作为连接手段并用金属焊条、焊丝作为连接材料，将钢结构和部件连接成整体的结构。

2 铆接钢结构riveted steel structure以铆钉作为连接件将钢结构或部件连接成整体的结构。

3 螺栓连接钢结构bolted steel structure以普通螺栓作为连接件将钢结构或部件连接成整体的结构。

4 高强螺栓连接钢结构high-strength boltec steel structure以高强螺栓作为连接件将钢结构件或部件连接成整体的结构。

5 冷弯薄壁型钢结构cold-formed thin-walled steel structure以冷弯薄壁型钢作为主要材料所制成的结构。

6 钢管结构steel tubular structure以圆钢管或方钢管或矩形钢管作为主要材料制成的结构7 预应力钢结构prestressed steel structure通过张拉高强度钢丝束或钢绞线等手段或调整支座等方法，再钢结构构件或结构体系内建立预加应力的结构。

1.2 构件、部件术语1 实腹式钢柱solid-web steel column腹板为整体的竖向受压钢构件2格构式钢柱built-up steel column;laced or battened compression member由钢缀才将各分肢组成整体的竖向受压钢构件。

分双肢，三肢和四肢格构式钢柱3分离式钢柱separated steel column支承屋盖的竖向刚肢体和支承吊车梁的竖向刚肢体两者用水平钢板连接而成整体的双肢受压钢构件。

4 缀才(缀件) lacing and batten elements在格构式受压钢构件中用以连接肢体并承受剪力的腹杆。

分缀条和缀板4.1缀条lacing bar在格构式受压钢构件中用以连接肢体并承受剪力的条状腹杆缀板batten plate5 钢柱分肢steel column compnent组成格构式钢柱或分离式钢柱的竖向肢体6钢柱脚steel column base扩大钢柱底端与基础相连接的加强部分。

钢构件中英文对照表序号代号(中文）中文代号（英文）英文1 钢构构件表STEEL MEMBER SCHEDULE steel member schedule2 钢架STEEL FRAME steel frame3 墙WALL wall4 屋面ROOF roof5 柱COLUMN column6 梁BEAM beam7 支撑BRACING bracing8 窗WINDOW window9 门DOOR10 包边EDGE COVER edge cover11 水槽WATER GUTTER water gutter12 落水管WATER PIPE water pipe13 漏斗FILTER filter14 夹层(阁楼）MEZZANINE FLOOR mezzanine floor15 YP 雨棚CANOPY canopy16 GZ 钢柱SC/ PC STEEL COLUMN/COLUMN steel column/17 GJ 桁架TR TRUSS truss18 GL 椽梁RB RAFTER BEAM rafter beam19 GL 屋面梁PB ROOF BEAM roof beam20 GL 边梁EB EDGE ROOF BEAM edge roof beam21 XL 系梁ST ROOF STRUT roof strut22 CG 墙面撑杆WS WALL STIFFENER wall stiffener23 DCL 吊车梁CRB CRANE RAIL BEAM crane rail beam24 MZ 门柱DC DOOR COLUMN door column25 ML 门梁DH DOOR HEAD BEAM door head beam26 SC 水平支撑BR ROOR BRACING roor bracing27 ZC 柱撑WBR WALL BRACING wall bracing28 ZL 主梁MB MEZZANINE FLOOR BEAM mezzanine floor beam29 CL 次梁MB MEZZANINE FLOOR BEAM mezzanine floor beam30 楼面托架FJ FLOOR JOIST floor joist31 YM 预埋件EMBEDMENT embedment32 KFZ 抗风柱 WIND RESISTANCE COLUMN wind resistance column33 女儿墙PARAPET parapet34 女儿墙柱 PARAPET COLUMN parapet column35 LG 拉杆TIE ROD tie rod36 屋面撑杆Bar ROOF STAY BAR37 立面图ELEVATION38 平面图PLAN39 施工图SHOP DRAWING40 屋面布置图ROOF MARKING PLAN41 节点大样DETAIL42 节点板JOINT PLATE钢结构专业英语（一）A &BAacceptable quality 合格质量；acceptance lot 验收批量；admixture 外加剂against slip coefficient between friction surface of high-strength bolted connection 高强度螺栓摩擦面抗滑移系数aggregate 骨料；air content 含气量air-dried timber 气干材allowable ratio of height to sectional thickness of masonry wall or column 砌体墙、柱容许高厚比allowable slenderness ratio of steel member 钢构件容许长细比allowable slenderness ratio of timber compression member 受压木构件容许长细比allowable stress range of fatigue 疲劳容许应力幅allowable ultimate tensile strain of reinforcement 钢筋拉应变限值allowable value of crack width 裂缝宽度容许值allowable value of deflection of structural member 构件挠度容许值allowable value of deflection of timber bending member 受弯木构件挠度容许值allowable value of deformation of steel member 钢构件变形容许值allowable value of deformation of structural member 构件变形容许值allowable value of drift angle of earthquake resistant structure 抗震结构层间位移角限值amplified coefficient of eccentricity 偏心距增大系数anchorage 锚具；anchorage length of steel bar 钢筋锚固长度approval analysis during construction stage 施工阶段验算arch 拱；arch with tie rod 拉捍拱arch—shaped roof truss 拱形屋架；area of shear plane 剪面面积area of transformed section 换算截面面积；aseismic design 建筑抗震设计assembled monolithic concrete structure 装配整体式混凝土结构automatic welding 自动焊接auxiliary steel bar 架立钢筋Bbackfilling plate 垫板；balanced depth of compression zone 界限受压区高度balanced eccentricity ；界限偏心距；bar splice 钢筋接头bark pocket 夹皮；batten plate 缀板；beam 次梁bearing plane of notch 齿承压面；bearing plate 支承板bearing stiffener 支承加劲肋；bent-up steel bar 弯起钢筋；block 砌块block masonry 砌块砌体；block masonry structure 砌块砌体结构blow hole 气孔；board 板材；bolt 螺栓bolted connection (钢结构)螺栓连接；bolted joint (木结构)螺栓连接；bolted steel structure 螺栓连接钢结构；bonded prestressed concrete structure 有粘结预应力混凝土结构bow 顺弯；brake member 制动构件breadth of wall between windows 窗间墙宽度；brick masonry 砖砌体brick masonry column 砖砌体柱；brick masonry structure 砖砌体结构brick masonry wall 砖砌体墙；broad—leaved wood 阔叶树材building structural materials 建筑结构材料；building structural unit 建筑结构单元building structure 建筑结构；built—up steel column 格构式钢柱bundled tube structure 成束筒结构burn—through 烧穿；butt connection 对接butt joint 对接；butt weld 对接焊缝。

常用字母代号B：板WJ：屋架WB：屋面板TJ：托架KB：空心板CJ：天窗架CB：槽形板KJ：框架ZB：折板GJ：钢架MB：密肋板ZJ：支架TB：楼梯板Z：柱GB：盖板或沟盖板J：基础YB：挡雨板或檐口板SJ：设备基础DB：吊车安全走道板ZH：桩QB：墙板ZC：柱间支撑TGB：天沟板CC：垂直支撑L：梁SC：水平支撑WL：屋面梁T：梯DL：吊车梁YP：雨蓬QL：圈梁YT：阳台GL：过梁LD：梁垫LL：连系梁M：预埋件JL：基础梁TD：天窗端壁TL：楼梯梁W：钢筋网LT：檩条G：钢筋骨架L：角钢GLT：刚性檩条GZ：钢柱WLT：屋脊檩条QT：球墨铸铁SC：水平支撑SC：铸钢ZC：柱间支撑SCS：不锈钢铸件GJ：刚架GJZ：刚架柱GXG：刚性系杆GJL：刚架梁YXB：压型金属板TL：托梁SQZ：山墙柱LT：檩条XT：斜拉条QL：墙梁MZ：门边柱YC：隅撑ML：门上梁T：拉条CG：撑杆HJ：桁架FHB：复合板XG：系杆LG：拉管QCG：墙撑管QLG：墙拉管GXL：斜拉条GZL：直拉条YG：压杆或是圆管（从材料表中分别）GJ30-1：跨度为30m的门式刚架，编号为1号项目编码项目名称单位所包含计算构件010417001螺栓t螺栓与螺母、垫片重量合计010601001钢屋架t(樘)钢架结构指的是整个钢架（柱、梁组合）、排架结构指钢屋架、钢屋架相接型钢类配件010601002钢网架t（樘）钢丝网片及配件010602001钢托架t托架及配件010602002钢桁架t桁架各杆件及相接型钢配件010603001实腹柱t单柱及相接型钢类配件010603002空腹柱t同上010603003钢管柱t同上010604001钢梁t同上010604002钢吊车梁t吊车梁、连接板及相接型钢类配件010605001压型钢板楼板m2屋面板010605002压型钢板墙板m2图示面积，不包括包边010606001钢支撑t支撑ZC、斜撑SC、隅撑YC010606002钢檩条t檩条LT、墙檩条QL、拉条L010606003钢天窗架t天窗架及型钢类配件010606004钢挡风架t挡风架及型钢类配件010606005钢墙架t010606006钢平台t010606007钢走道t钢走道板、栏杆扶手、支架及其它型钢类配件010606008钢梯t踏步板、底梁、平台板、护笼等其它型钢类配件010606009钢栏杆t栏杆及型钢类构件010606010钢漏斗t010606011钢支架t010606012零星钢构件t其它小型分离式型钢构件。

最全的钢结构术语和符号（二）二、符号1、作用和作用效应设计值F——集中荷载；H——水平力；M——弯矩；N——轴心力；P——高强度螺栓的预拉力；Q——重力荷载；R——支座反力；V——剪力。

2、计算指标E ——钢材的弹性模量；Ec——混凝土的弹性模量；G ——钢材的剪变模量；Nat——个锚栓的抗拉承载力设计值；Nbt、Nbv、Nbc——一个螺栓的抗拉、抗剪和承压承载力设计值；Nrt、Nrv、Nrc——一个铆钉的抗拉、抗剪和承压承载力设计值；Ncv——组合结构中一个抗剪连接件的抗剪承载力设计值；NpjtNpjc——受拉和受压支管在管节点处的承载力设计值；Sb——支撑结构的侧移刚度(产生单位侧倾角的水平力)；F ——钢材的抗拉、抗压和抗弯强度设计值；fv——钢材的抗剪强度设计值；fce——钢材的端面承压强度设计值；fst——钢筋的抗拉强度设计值；fy——钢材的屈服强度(或屈服点)；fat——锚栓的抗拉强度设计值；fbtfbvfbc——螺栓的抗拉、抗剪和承压强度设计值；frtfrvfrc——铆钉的抗拉、杭剪和承压强度设计值；fwtfwvfwc——对接焊缝的抗拉，抗剪和抗压强度设计值；fwt——角焊缝的抗拉、抗剪和抗压强度设计值；fc ——混凝土抗压强度设计值；Δu——楼层的层间位移；[υQ]——仅考虑可变荷载标准值产生的挠度的容许值；[υT]——同时考虑永久和可变荷载标准值产生的挠度的容许值；σ——正应力；σc——局部压应力；σf——垂直于角焊缝长度方向，按焊缝有效截面计算的应力；Δσ——疲劳计算的应力幅或折算应力幅；Δσ——变幅疲劳的等效应力幅；[Δσ]——疲劳容许应力幅；Σcrσc.crτcr——板件在弯曲应力、局部压应力和剪应力单独作用时的临界应力；τ——剪应力；τf——沿角焊缝长度方向，按焊缝有效截面计算的剪应力；ρ——质量密度。

3、几何参数A ——毛截面面积；An——净截面面积；H——柱的高度；H1、H2、H3——阶形柱上段、中段(或单阶柱下段)、下段的高度；I ——毛截面惯性矩；It——毛截面抗扭惯性矩；Iw——毛截面扇性惯性矩；In——净截面惯性矩；S ——毛截面面积矩；W ——毛截面模量；Wn——净截面模量；Wp——塑性毛截面模量；Wpn——塑性净截面模量；ag ——间距，间隙；b——板的宽度或板的自由外伸宽度；bo——箱形截面翼缘板在腹板之间的无支承宽度；混凝土板托顶部的宽度；bs——加劲肋的外伸宽度；be——板件的有效宽度；d ——直径；de——有效直径；do——孔径；e ——偏心距；h ——截面全高；楼层高度；hc1——混凝土板的厚度；hc2——混凝土板托的厚度；he——角焊缝的计算厚度；hf——角焊缝的焊脚尺寸；hω——腹板的高度。

Terms (术语)1．Strength（强度）The capacity of resisting failure in member cross-section material or connection．Strength checking aims at preventing failure of structural members or connections from exceeding the material strength．2．Load-carrying capacity（承载能力）The largest internal force that a structure or member can bear without failure from strength ，stability or fatigue，etc．，or the largest internal force at the onset of failure mechanism in plastically analyzed structures；or the internal force generating a deformation that hinders further loading．3．Brittle fracture（脆断）In general，the suddenly occurred brittle fracture of a steel structure subject to tensile stress without warning by plastic deformation．4．Characteristic value of strength（强度标准值）The yield point(yield strength)or tensile strength of steel as specified by National Standard.5．Design value of strength（强度设计值）The value obtained from division of the characteristic value of strength of steel or connection by corresponding partial factor of resistance．6．First order elastic analysis（一阶弹性分析）The elastic analysis of structure internal forces and deformation, based on the equilibrium condition of undeformed structure, taking no account ofthe effect of the second order deformation on internal forces．7．Second order elastic analysis（二阶弹性分析）The elastic analysis of structure internal forces and deformation, based on the equilibrium condition of deformed structure, taking account of the effect of the second order deformation on internal forces．8．Buckling（屈曲）An abrupt large deformation, not conforming to the original configuration of members or plates subject to axial compression, bending moment or shear force, and thereby causing loss of stability．9．Post-buckling strength of web plate（腹板屈曲后强度）The capacity of web plates to bear further loading after buckling 10．Normalized web slenderness（通用高厚比）Parameter, equal to the square root of the quotient of steel yield strength in flexion, shear or compression by corresponding elastic buckling stress of web plates in flexion, shear or local compression．11．Overall stability（整体稳定）Assessment of the possibility of buckling or loss of stability of structures or structural numbers as a whole under the action of external loading．12．Effective width（有效宽度）That part of plate width assumed effective in checking the section strength and the stability．13．Effective width factor（有效宽度系数）Ratio of the effective width to the actual width of a plate element．14．Effective length（计算长度）The equivalent length of a member obtained by multiplying its geometrical length within adjacent effective restraining points by a coefficient taking account of end deformation condition and loading condition．The length of welds assumed in calculation of the strength of welded connections．15．Slenderness ratio（长细比）The ratio of member effective length to the radius of gyration of its cross-section．16．Equivalent slenderness ratio（换算长细比）The slenderness ratio transforming a lattice member into solid-wed one according to the principle of equal critical force for checking the overall stability of axial compression members．The slenderness ratio transforming a flexural-torsional buckling and torsional buckling into flexural buckling．17．Nodal bracing force（支撑力）Force to be applied at the location of lateral support installed for reducing the unsupported length of a compression member (or compression flange of a member) ．This force acts in the direction of member buckling at the shear center of the member section．18．Unbraced frame（无支撑纯框架）Frames resisting lateral load by bending resistance of members and theirconnections．19．Frame braced with strong bracing system（强支撑框架）A frame braced with bracing system of large stiffness against lateral displacement (bracing truss, shear wall, elevator well, etc．) adequate to be regarded as frame without sidesway．20．Frame braced with weak bracing system（弱支撑框架）A frame braced with bracing system of weak stiffness against lateral displacement, inadequate to be regarded as frame without sidesway．21．Leaning column（摇摆柱）A column hinged at both ends and not capable of resisting lateral load in a framed structure．22．Panel zone of column web（柱腹板节点域）The zone of column web within the beam depth at a rigid joint of frame．23．Spherical steel bearing（球形钢支座）A hinged or movable support transmitting force through a spheric surface allowing the structure to rotate in any direction at the support．24．Composite rubber and steel support（橡胶支座）A support transmitting end reaction through a composite product of rubber and thin steel plate plates satisfying the displacement requirement at the support．25．Chord member（主管）Members continuous through panel points in tubular structures, similarto chord members in regular trusses．26．Bracing member（支管）Members cut short and connected to the chord members at panel points in tubular structures, similar to web members in regular trusses．27．Gap joint（间隙节点）Joints of tubular structures where the toes of two bracing members are distant from each other by a gap．28．Overlap joint（搭接节点）Joints of tubular structures where the two bracing members are overlaping．29．Uniplanar joint（平面管节点）Joints where chord member is connected to bracing members in a same plane．30．Multiplannar joint（空间管节点）Tubular joints where chord member is connected to bracing members in different planes．31．Built-up member（组合构件）Members fabricated by joining more than one plate elements (or rolled shapes) , such as built-up beams or columns of Ⅰ-or box-section．32．Composite steel and concrete beam（钢与混凝土组合梁）A beam composed of steel beam and concrete flange plate, acting as an integrated member by means of shear connectors．。

钢结构术语
1.钢框架结构：采用钢材为主要构造材料，将其制作成框架结构，再用其他构件连接成整体。

2. 钢结构节点：连接钢结构构件的点，通常使用钢板或钢板焊接。

3. 变截面钢结构：钢构件的截面尺寸随着力的变化而改变的结构形式。

4. 薄壳钢结构：采用钢板作为结构构件的中空结构形式，广泛应用于建筑物的屋面和外墙。

5. 型钢：根据截面形状和尺寸加工成的钢材，通常用于制作钢结构构件。

6. 钢柱：立式钢结构构件，用于支撑建筑物的重量和荷载。

7. 钢梁：横向钢结构构件，用于支撑楼板和屋面等建筑物的结构。

8. 钢板：用于制作钢结构构件的材料之一，通常具有高强度和耐腐蚀性能。

9. 钢筋混凝土钢结构：采用钢结构作为支撑结构，混凝土作为填充材料的建筑结构形式。

10. 预制钢结构：在工厂中预先加工钢结构构件，然后将其运到工地进行安装。

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