step-by-step-英语听力入门-华东师范大学出版社unit-12-答案

Unit 12News (III III))Part I Warming upTapescript:A.1.An avalanche is a large amount of ice,snow,earth,rock or other materials sliding swiftly down the side of a mountain or falling down a cliff.2.A mudslide is a slow-moving mudflow that moves down a gradual slope.3.An earthquake is the sudden release of strain energy in the Earth's crust resulting in waves of shaking that radiate outwards from the earthquake source.4.A cyclone is a storm or system of winds that rotates around a center of low atmospheric pressure,advances at a speed of about 30to 50kilometers an hour,and often brings heavy rain.5.Hurricanes are tropical cyclones with winds that exceed 64knots or 74miles per hour and circulate about their centers in the western AtlanticOcean.6.A tornado is a violent destructive whirling wind usually accompanied with severe thunder,lightning,and torrents of rain,and commonly of short duration and small breadth.7.A typhoon is a type of violent tropical storm with strong circular winds w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网that exceed 74mph.It especially happens in the Pacific Ocean.8.A drought is a period of dryness especially when prolonged that causes extensive damage to crops or prevents their successful growth.9.A flood is a rising and overflowing of a body of water especially onto normally dry land.10.A forest fire is a wildfire or an uncontrolled fire that is burning in forest,grass or other areas of vegetation.B.Tapescript.1.ALGERIA --A bomb explosion in Algiers has injured several people ina market area.2.Another severe ocean storm is moving toward the Pacific coast of Mexico.3.BAHRAIN --International experts have begun an official investigation into the cause of a crash of a passenger plane in the Persian Gulf.All 143people on the Gulf Airlines plane died in the crash Wednesday.4.EUROPE-Austrians have honored the 38people killed by snow at ski areas this past weekend.5.FRANCE --The hijacker of an Air France passenger plane has releasedhis remaining hostages and surrendered to police.6.Japanese officials say the nuclear reaction at a center northeast of Tokyo has stopped,but it is not clear if the danger has passed.7.Rescue workers are continuing to search for victims of a train accident w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网in Northern Punjap State.At least 189people were killed in the accident Thursday.More than 250people were injured.8.Russian and Norwegian divers continue working to recover bodies from the sunken Russian nuclear submarine Kursk.9.SOUTH AFRICA --At least 12people have been killed after heavy rains fell in the North.The rain destroyed homes and bridges.Reports say some roads became rivers of flood waters.10.The second deadly storm in three days is moving across parts of western Europe.The storm caused transportation delays and forced some airports to close.The two storms have killed more than 115people.11.The number of people killed in Sunday's earthquake in northeastern Turkey has now risen to more than 1,200and is expected to go even higher.At least 50villages have been destroyed.12.Firemen say the fires burning to the north of Sydney are now under control,but they warned that the changes in the weather might lead to new flare-ups.Part IINews items A.You are going to hear a pair of news /terns on the same top/cpresented in special and standard E nglish.Listen carefully and summar summarii z e the news according to the cues given.Event:a fire from an oil pipe-line explosionTime:Thursday w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Casualties:more than 50people deadArea:near LagosLocation:near a fuel-loading area owned by Nigeria's National Petroleum CorporationCause:stealing fuel from leaking pipes/vandalTape Tape--script:1.NIGERIA --More than 50people have died in a fire from an oil pipeline explosion near Lagos.The explosion and fire happened near a fuel-loading area owned by Nigeria's National Petroleum Corporation.This is the latest in a series of pipeline fires in Nigeria this year.The fires have killed hundreds of people.The government says people who steal fuel from leaking pipes caused some of the fires.It also blames people who cause damage on purpose.2.More than 50people are dead in Nigeria after a leaking oil pipeline burst into flames outside the commercial capital Lagos.The blast and resulting fire Thursday ripped through an area near a fuel-loading depot owned by the state-run Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation.Witnesses report seeing burned bodies littering the charred grounds while many other victims are being treated for injuries sustained in the blaz e.A spokesman for the petroleum company says the fire was caused by avandal.B.Here is another news item plete the news summary and w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网briefly answer the questions you hear on the tape.1.The news item is about a cable car accident at a ski resort in northern Italy.2.a.American military plane/cut the wires/low-level flightb.20c.60kilometers awayd.started investigation/suspended low-level missionsTape Tape--script:An accident at a ski resort in northern Italy in which an American military plane cutthe wires of a cable car during a low level training flight has killed 20people.One car plunged about 100meters into the snow,killing everyone aboard.An operator was rescued unhurt from a second car left dangling in the air after the accident.The plane returned to its base 60kilometers away,the crew unaware of the manders of the base have since started an investigation and suspended all low level missions in Italy until further notice.Questions :a.What is the cause of the disaster?b.How many people have been killed?c.How far away is the military base?w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网d.What have the commanders of the base done since the accident?.C.N ow listen to the fina final l pa pai i r of news item items.s.Summar Summarii z e the news according to the cues given.Then answer the questions you hear on the tape.1.Event :floods and landslidesCountry :VenezuelaDamage :homes of 140,000~150,000people destroyedCasualties :30,000people killedMajor Cause of the damage:poor city planningEs Est t imated cost costof of relief and reconstruction efforts:15billion dollars 2.a.To give quick and generous aid to Venezuela.b.To build new housing for those homeless people.c.In stadiums,car parks,airports and military barracks.d.In plain areas away from the coast.Tape-sc script:ript:1.VENEZUELA --Tens of thousands of people affected by recent floods and landslides are preparing to spend the Christmas and New Yearholidays in shelters.Officials estimate that the homes of as many as 140,000people were destroyed.Venezuelan officials say the floods and landslides may have caused the death of as many as 30,000people.Experts say poor city planning was a major cause of the damage.Many w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网houses were built on weak ground or on the sides of mountains along the northern coast.The Venezuelan Defense Minister says survivors need to cooperate with government efforts to move them away from the coastal area.2.The United Nations has urged the international community to give quick and generous aid to Venezuela to help it recover from last week's devastating floods and mudslides.A resolution passed in the general assembly said it was deeply concerned over the tremendous loss of life and severe destruction of the country.As many as 30,000people are thought to have been killed.Officials have estimated the relief and reconstruction efforts as costing some 15billion dollars.Officials here say that reconstruction efforts could take several years to complete.They say the priority is to build new housing for the 150,000people who've been made homeless.These people are now sleeping in emergency shelters set up in stadiums,car parks,airports and military barracks.President Hugo Chavez says that he is looking at several different places across the country in which to build new houses,all in plain areas away from the coast.Mr.Chavez says that the government will not rebuild houses in the parts of the northern coastal region destroyed by floods and landslides.Relief efforts are continuing in damaged coastal regions.Questions:w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网a.What has the United Nations urged the international community to do?b.According to Venezuelan officials,what is the priority now?c.Where are the emergency shelters setup?d.According to President Hugo Chavez ,where will the new houses be built?Part IIITorrential storms in KenyaA.1.The topic dealt with for the last two weeks is how heavy rains have contributed to the spread of Rift Valley Fever in Kenya.2.The topic this week is how the continuing torrential storms in Kenya are washing away people's hopes of a good season.3.January should be one of the best months for growers of fruit,vegetables and flowers in Kenya.James'corresponding remarkswhole life/not a season like this/not rains like this crops flooded/difficult/meet requirements/consumers/crops destroyed struggling/not supply 100%/something Tape Tape--script:Hello!For the last two weeks,we've reported how heavy rains have contributed to the spread of Rift Valley Fever in Kenya.This week,we hear how the continuing torrential storms in that region are washing away w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Kenyan horticulture's hopes of a good season.Sara Rannoe is just back from Nairobi.Now there's never a good time for heavy rainfall such as this.But for the horticulture industry,Sara,this must be a particularly bad time for heavy beating rain.Well,January should be one of the best months for growers of fruit,vegetables and flowers in Kenya,hot,dry,sunny days and peak production destined for consumers shivering in the European winter and longing for a taste of African sunshine.But in Kenya,as elsewhere,the weather is notbehaving as it should.Most of rain,often torrential,is washing away hopes of a good harvest.Flowers are reluctant to flower.And perhaps worst it,are growers'peas and French beans."In the whole of my life and I'm talking about somebody who is over 60years old,I've not experienced a season like this.The whole of that period,I've not seen rains like this in January in Kenya.'James Masengi,chairman of the Fresh Produce Export Association of Kenya,who speaks not only for his members but out of personal and bitter experience."Crops are flooded.We find it even difficult to meet the requirements of our consumers because crops have been.destroyed."Are you going to be able to keep your business orders up to date?Are you going to complete your export orders?w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网"Yes,we are struggling very much to keep the export orders.In some places,we're not able to supply 100percent,but we are supplying something."James Masengi.B.Tapescript:And for growers of roses,the flower associated with love and romance,there's very little happiness in the air.Ian Maroe is managing director of CN Roses Limited,one of Kenya's leading rose exporters."Cold,cloudy,wet weather increases disease pressure and slows down growth.So our production is probably down a six month figure,is down 30percent.'Are you disappointing your customers?"Some.We try to keep the more important ones contented,but some are definitely disappointed.Definitely.Yeah.'Do you think you'll be able to pick up over the course of the season?"The bad weather as such will continue for a depressingly longtime according to the forecast.But if we get sunshine in the next month or so,we'll be able to catch up quite a lot."Are you making up the short fall in production by an increase in price?"Uh,no,because a lot of our sales are on the contract price.'w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网Ian Maroe.And I should add that even more of Kenya's crops are in trouble.Maiz e has suffered badly.Coffee is under constant threat of disease.And although tea is growing well,getting it picked and transported is a nightmare on roads that become all but impossible in these conditions.But the greatest fear is that the rain could be followed by the opposite:drought.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网。

Unit 12Extending Life through Fun (II)Part IWarming upA.A1.First:kittens /catsSecond:A2.First:sweet /playful /affectionate /toy mouse /curl up /sleep/clean Second :unusual /revolting /slimy /dry /poisonous /move /fascinating /colors /patterns /beautiful Tapescript:1.Well,they were really sweet little things -very playful and affectionate.I didn't mind looking after them at all.They used to play for hours with their toy mouse or just curl up and go to sleep in their basket.They wereno trouble,no,and they're very clean animals too.2.I know it's a bit unusual,but I really like them.I have done ever since I saw them in the z oo,as a child.I don't know why.Most people think they're revolting.They imagine that they're slimy to touch or somethingbut that's not tree --they're quite dry.I'm not saying they'd make a good pet or anything,and I wouldn't want to get too close to one of the poisonous ones,but I think the way they move is fascinating.Some of them have colors and patterns which are really beautiful.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网B.Now you are going to hear five people talking about their hobbies.B1.First:S econd :skiingThird:horse ridingFourth :bird watchingFifth:B2.First:photograph /still life /moving object /feel of equipment Second:amazing /equipment /safer /scenery /air /speed /exhilaration Third:powerful animal /relationship of trust /skill /walk /gallop Fourth.6,500species /looking at birdsFifth:force of wind /complicated /boats /navigation /essential skillsTapescript 1.The first part is to go out of your house and choose a subject matter to photograph,and that could range from a still life of some kind to a moving object such as a racing car or a riot or some street scene.I like thefeel of the equipment whilst I'm taking the photograph.2.Well I think it's the most amazing sport because I ...I ...I first had a go about twenty-five years ago,and obviously the equipment has changed quite a lot in the time since and it's become a lot safer.Urn,the scenery's w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网absolutely superb and the ...the air is ...is wonderful,and the speed and the exhilaration.You sleep well after it And it's ...for me it's just the best sport3.I think there's something rather special about it as a hobby,or a sport,because with most hobbies you just rely on yourself and maybe some equipment.Um,but here,you're depending on an animal and quite a powerful animal at that.So you have to build up a special relationship of trust between you.And if you..,if you do build up that relationship of trust,and if you develop some skill,then there's enormous satisfaction and pleasure in what you can do together,whether it's walking quietly along a lane or galloping over open countryside.4.One of the things I find most interesting is there are something like six and a half thousand different types of birds in the world,that's six and a half thousand species of birds,and it's only in the last fifty to a hundred years,perhaps,that people have started looking at birds as something beautiful to admire in their own setting.Prior to that,we ate birds.We still do.Birds were shot and killed for their feathers,to put in hats,to decorate clothes.Birds were used.Whereas now,a lot of people who enjoy lookingat birds,simply do that.5.You're using the force of the wind to get around over the earth's surface,as people did two thousand years ago.And it has been complicated --boats have become more complicated,and navigation equipment has w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网become electronic and complicated.But these are luxuries.The essential skills are exactly the same as they were two thousand years ago.And I think that's the ...the fun.C.Read the following difficult sentences and listen .1.I think the unique thing about a barbecue is that no matter where you go in America,they'll have a different recipe,so in some parts,they'll have tomatoes in the sauce,and in some parts,they wouldn't dream of having tomatoes in the sauce.2.When you work the clay,if both hands use the same strength,the clay will look like a bull's head;if both hands use different strength,the clay will look like a chrysanthemum.3.He hammers the piton into the rock,loops his equipment and slings around his body,and begins to climb;a graceful exercise where he moves freely up and along the rock.4.You have to think why you're afraid.I mean,you have a fear that's coming up,and the nice thing about this sport is learning to control fear,like,learning to...to just use it rather than have it consume you.Part IINew fashions A.1.Why do men in the West like barbecue?cavemen2.What is the unique thing about barbecue?w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网different recipe3.What is potluck?party /everyone brings food3.What's it like in Britain when people have a barbecue?sky /rainTapescript:R --Rebecca E –ElynG --Guest E:Hi!Remember we spent all day preparing that barbecue?Well,the time is come.It's evening?R:Yeah.And our guests are coming soon.E.I hope you're hungry.R.It reminds me of growing up in Texas.In Texas,they're very famous for barbecue.They are very serious about barbecue.And one thing that's interesting about grilling and barbecue is that it's one form of cooking that men like to do.In the West,in the U.S.in particular,a lot of men don't cook at all.But oh,in the summer,they'll go out and cook on the grill.They'll light the charcoal with fire and they'll put the meat out there,just like they were cavemen.And of course the women are usually setting thetable and making the salads and helping a lot,but the men like to say,"I made the barbecue."And they have special recipes;they have certain spicy chile or very special sauce.Elyn,what do you think about all the different kinds of sauces there are?w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网E.I think the unique thing about a barbecue is that no matter where you go in America,they'll have a different recipe,so in some parts,they'll have tomatoes in the sauce,and in some parts,they wouldn't dream of having tomatoes in the sauce.(It's true.)Maybe they just have vinegar and spice~And in other places,they like to use wood..,they like to use wood to grill the meat with.And in other places,they like to use charcoal.Charcoal is wood that's been cooked until there's no more smoke.R:Almost every cookbook,like this American cookbook,has a section on just preparing your vegetables and meats to go on to the grill,and how you should do it carefully so that it doesn't burn your food.E:This book has..,this book has several pages of recipes,and one of the famous ones that they have is ribs,the ribs of the cow,and they especially like to cook ribs at a barbecue.Sometimes they like a whole pig,don't they?R.If you have enough people,say,forty people,you could roast a huge lamb,or a whole pig or some large piece of meat,and that would serve a big crowd.Some barbecues don't even use a table.Everyone goes to a park,say,on American Independence Day,and you might have hundredsof people come,and everyone brings food.It's potluck.Remember that expression?And maybe someone will make a huge piece of meat,and people will all sit on the ground,and that's picnic style barbecue.E.And then maybe after dinner,if they like it,they might have a square w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网dance.R.Yeah,music or dancing,singing perhaps,depends on if you're sitting on the ground in a park or at a table in someone's backyard.Whatever,a barbecue is supposed to be fun.I hope it is tonight.E.Well so you'll get a chance to see this evening.We got a man to do the barbecue.So you need to know the right words if you're coming to a barbecue.If you come to a barbecue and you see the..,the guy there grilling the meat you can say,"Oh,macho!"E:What do you like best about the barbecue?G.Oh,I like salads,they are good for you and you don't have to cook them.E:OK.E.Now,you are from Britain,what's it like in Britain when you have a barbecue?G:Well,in Britain,when we have a barbecue,we always have to watch the sky to see if it's going to rain.E:How about you?You...I know you like salads.Tony said you did (Yeah)What do you like the best about the barbecue?G.Well,I like the barbecue,because someone else always does the cooking.E.Well,our barbecue is done,and we are all very full.We've eaten a lot,haven't we?w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网G.Yes,we have.It's been really great.Thanks.G.Thank you for a lovely barbecue.R.It was our pleasure,we had a great time,but now it's really starting to rain.I'm afraid we have to clean up.B.Tapescript:B1.As the rhythm of urban life grows faster and faster,there are lots of new and fun things to do.Our recreational life is becoming more and more rich.After a day's busy work or study,urban young people have different ideas about how to relax and enjoy their free time.Bars and disco halls are not as popular as they were and another recreational activity --making pottery --has quietly appeared.Making pottery,an ancient Chinese art,is no longer just for artists and craftsmen,but something for the common people.In the pottery studio,you can make an artistic work of your own with the help of a pottery teacher,while listening to music.You will have the joy of "playingwith mud"like you did when you were a child.Also you can talk with the other potters,talk about your creations or just talk about the weather.When you see the clay turning and forming in your hands,you will feel calm and forget the troubles you had that day.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网B2Listen to the second part of the report Put the pottery pottery--making steps in the right order .(2)Putting the clay on the turntable(9)Going to the kiln to fire the clay(8)Cooling for 3or 4days(1)Mixing the clay(4)Drying for a few days(7)Sculpting(5)Smoothing or rounding the edges(10)Painting with glaz e (6)Polishing (3)Throwing (11)Firing againTapescript:We discovered that the procedure to make pottery is not simply"playing with mud."There are many things to do like mixing the clay,polishing the pot,and sculpting.Mixing the clay is a fundamental step in making a pot.The clay used for pottery combines white kaolin and Beijing yellow clay together.When you work the clay,if both hands use the same strength,the w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网clay will look like a bull's head;if both hands use different strength,the clay will look like a chrysanthemum.When the clay is mixed well,it can be put on the wheel.The wheel is a round turntable.Using the wheel to make a pot,called "throwing"a pot,is the most important step during the pottery making procedure.The form of the pot depends on how you use your strength and the coordination of your two hands.After drying it a few days,you may still need to smooth the pot or round its edge.When it's half dry,you can use tools to polish it.Then youcan use something hard,like a film canister or a spoon,to polish the surface of the body in order to make it smooth and shiny.The more you polish your body,the smoother it will be.When you finish polishing,you can go to sculpting.You need to be patient and careful when you do this.The half-done work should be put in a cool place for 3or 4days.Then it can go to the kiln to be fired.If you like a more finished look,you can paint it again with some chemicals,called glaz e,and fire it again.Isn't it pretty?Now you know more about making pottery.Wouldn't you like to tryit yourself?Part IIIRock climbing A.1.Have you ever tried rock climbing?Would you be interested in w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网practicing this sport?Why or why not?2.What sports do you consider physically challenging?3.When practicing a difficult or dangerous sport,what mental or emotional challenges do you have to be prepared for?4.When a person is devoted to a sport,how does it affect his life?5.Would you consider rock climbing a dangerous sport?What is required to be a good rock climber?B.1.Why has the Province of Alberta become home to some of the best rock climbers in the world?the Rockies /over 12,000feet2.why are the Canadian Rockies very special?a lot of wilderness /grizzly bear3.How high is First Rock?How does it compare with other climbs Blanchard often does?First Rock:25meters /others:50times as high4.What is the purpose of the climbing equipment?attach rock to rope /rope to body5.How did Blanchard first learn to climb?Where did he do his firstclimbing?reading /around house,i.e.,basement rafters,walls6.How important is rock climbing in Blanchard's life?w ww .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网an integral part of his life /challenges /opportunitiesTapescript:If you follow the rugged spine of the Rockies north from Colorado,the mountains take you into Canada.And there they rise out of the Canadian prairie like a huge craggy wall.In the province of Alberta,the Rockies reach heights of over 12,000feet.It's not surprising that this area has become home to some of the best rock climbers in the world.Here at the head of Heart Creek,Barry Blanchard is making his way through an evergreen forest alongside a rushing creek.He's on his way toFirst Rock,a favorite practice spot for accomplished rock climbers.Bianchard has climbed all over the world,but finds the Canadian Rockies very special."I guess the situation here is a lot different than a lot of other places.For instance,the Italian Dolomites are very similar geologically to the Rockies --sedimentary limestone,but,you know,the culture around the bottom is a lot different.Here,we have a lot of wilderness,and in Italy there's ...there's none.I live in Alberta largely because many of the other mountain places you can live in the world,there just isn't a lot ofwilderness.I mean,here,in this valley,we can see a grizzly.In Europe,there hasn't been a bear that size in a long,long time.'First Rock,where Blanchard stops to begin climbing,is about 25meters high.It's an afternoon's workout for a man who often climbs rock w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网faces 50times that height.As he unloads his backpack,he explains that the purpose of climbing equipment is to attach the rock to the rope,and the rope to his body."Okay,there's a piton hammer.We use that to drive the spikes into the rook.""You had to trust those little things,pretty..,pretty much,eh?""Yeah,yeah,but,I mean,with ...with experience,putting 'em in and taking 'em out,you...learn to judge 'em pretty well."Learning to judge them.In a sport as dangerous as rock climbing,a climbing course would seem to be the only way to begin.Blanchard explains how he learned his craft."Well,for me,it was a lot of reading,actually and,got some equipment and basically practiced around the house in theneighborhood on buildings and stuff.""Around the house?""Yeah,around the house.I used to...""Literally climbing the walls?""Ah yeah,yeah.Yeah,climbing the basement rafters.And,used to have my brother sit on my bed so there was enough weight that I could putthe rope around the leg of my bed and rappel out of the second-story window.Then I got the chance to go out,at one point,with a friend who'd taken a climbing course.So yeah,a climbing course is a great thing,for all w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网kind(s)of beginner climbers because it's a risk sport.I mean,there's ...there's heavy consequences to be paid for a fall."He hammers the piton into the rock,loops his equipment and slings around his body,and begins to climb;a graceful exercise where he moves freely up and along the rock.Blanchard is thin and in peak physical condition.The muscles in his legs and arms each appear to operate independently as he uses the tiniest cracks in the rock for toe-and handholds.It often looks as if he is magically sticking to the side of the smooth rock.Back at ground level,Blanchard explains that physical conditioning is just one part of the sport.Mental conditioning is every bit as important."You also have to learn to think,you know,as you get started to get scared because you're beginning to expose yourself to a fall,or maybe the holds are getting smaller.You have to think why you're afraid.I mean,you have a fear that's coming up,and the nice thing about this sport is learning to control fear,like,learning to ...to just use it rather than have it consume you."For Barry Blanchard,rock climbing is an integral part of his life.It provides him with challenges and opportunities that most people miss.w w w .k h d a w .c o m 课后答案网。

Unit 2 Buckle Up for SafetyA: 1. zip into any little space/in between cars/save a few seconds/squeezing past every year2. winter/freezing rain/black ice/drifting snow/potholes3. rubbernecking/an accident/everybody slow down/look/traffic slow to crawlB: 1. When is the new seat belt law put into practice? This Wednesday2.Whomdoes the new law require to wear seat belts or to be in a child safety seat?①the driver of a car ②all passengers in the front seat ③children between four and sixteen④children under four and weighing less than 40 pounds3. What’s the penalty for not wearing a seat belt?$25 for adults and $48 for passengers under the age of 154. How many people died in traffic…? 2985. Aomg those people who died last year, how many…? 1996. And how many of them…? 1107. How many people in Maryland use seat belt regularly? About 70%8. In Maryland, who are the least…? People between the ages of 18 and 299. In Maryland, who are the most like wear…? People in their 30s10. According to Laura Lu Herman, if ….?50 lives would be saved and more than 2000 injuries prevented11. According to research, how many….?75% happen within 25 miles of home and the average speed is less than 40 miles per hourUnit 4 Advice on survivalA. (bears) Take a spray2. Tie/rope 2. Keep food/in tent3. Hang/tree/away 3. Approach/closely4. Pull/high 4. Close-up shot5. Make noise / when walking/talk/sing/bell 5. Between a bear and cubsB. 1. (1). Who do you hear in this part of the conversation?t he Robertson family and a group of reporters(2). Where do you think this conversation takes place?At the dockside(3). What do you think this conversation is about?It is about how the Robertson family survived a shipwreck and returned safely to civilization.2. (1). How many days did the family spend in about? 38 days(2). What was the biggest problem…? How did…?Thirst/storms/spines of fish/turtles' blood(3). In which direction did they sail? Northeast(4). Who rescured them? A Japanese fishing boat(5). What did they have for food ? fish/turtle meat & eggs/shark/flying fish(6). Apart from getting water and food，what else did…?do exercises/keep a look-out/empty water/dream about food(7). Where are they going now? Best restaurant in town2006年专八Section A Mini-lectureGood morning. In taday’s lecture, we shall discuss what meaning is in literary works….I. Meaning is what is intended by(1) the author.Apart from reading an author’s working in qeustion, readers need to1)read (2) other works by the same author.2)Get family with (3)literary trends at the time;3)Get to know cultural values and symbols of the time.II . Meaning exists “In ”the text itself1)some people’s views: meaning is produced by the formal properties of the text like (4)grammer,diction,image,etc.(5)cultural codes. (6)cultural. (7)the reader. (8)social(9) reader competency.(10) social structure;traditions of writing;influences.2005年专八Section A Mini-lectureI think as seniors, you are often requires by your instructors to do some library research on this topic or that.I . Research Paper and ordinary Essay[A] Similarity in (1)basic steps:e.g.---choosing a topic---asking questions[B] Difference mainly in terms of (2)raw material1. researchpaper:…2. …(3)head(4) facts(5)explain(6)objective(7) Purpose(8)ask questions(9) a manageable size(10)the topic itself2004年专八Section A Mini-lectureGood morning. Today’s lecture will focus on how to make people feel at ease in conversations. I guess…1.Skill to ask Questions1) be aware of human nature: readiness to answer other’s question regardless of(1) shyness (2)first (3)morning (4)Listen (5)interest (6)tones (7)discomfort(8) conversations (9)handshake (10)men2003年专八Section A Mini-lectureGood morning, everyone. Today’s lecture is about Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. This seems like a phsiological topic.…Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs.Abraham Maslow has developed a famous theory of human needs, which can be arranged in order of importance.(1)basic/important/essential(2)Safety(3)emotional/ mental(4)worries/worry/anxieties/uneasiness/sadness （5）pension/insurance/retirement（6）work/activities（7）different/varied (8)human/individual(9)Mtivation/Craving/Desire/Drive(10)overlap/meet/mix/interact/combine2006年INTERVIEW AND NEWS1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Miss Green’s university days?2. Which of the following is NOT part of her job with the Department of Employment?3. According to Miss Green, the main difference between the Department of Employment and the advertising agency lies in4. Why did Miss green want to leave the advertising agency?5. How did Miss Green react to a heavier workload in the new job?1-5 题CDBDA6. The man stole the aircraft mainly because he wanted to7. Which of the following statements about the man is TRUE?8. The news is mainly about the city government’s plan to9. According to the news, what makes this credit card different from conventional ones is10. The newly developed credit card is said to said to have all the following EXCEPT6-10题DCBCA2005年INTERVIEW AND NEWS1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?3. According to Professor McKay's report,4. Professor McKay is ________ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is1-5题CADBD6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin to7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?8. China's Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.10. According to the news, which trading nation in the top 10 has reported a 5 per cent fall in exports? 6-10题BDACB2004年INTERVIEW AND NEWS1.What was education like in Professor Wang’s days?2.According to Prfessor Wang, what is the purpose of the present-day education?1-5题CBCCD6.Which of the following regions in the world will witness the sharpest drop in life expectancy?6-10题BDBBA2003年INTERVIEW AND NEWS1.Which of the following statement is INCORROT about David personal background?2.David is inclines to believe in1-5题CABDC6.What is the main idea of the news item?6-10题AADBC。

商务英语专业核心课程标准“英语视听”课程标准一、课程概述《英语视听》课程是商务英语专业学生的必修课，是一门以英语听力为主，集“视”、“听”、“说”为一体的英语专业技能课程。

英语听力教学是商务英语专业教学中最基本、最关键的一环，因为英语视听说能力的培养自始至终都是英语学习中最基础、最核心的任务之一。

本课程以培养学生在商务环境下实际的听说能力为目的，使其有较好的英语的听的能力，能基本听懂欧美人士及其他国家人士用正常速度讲英语。

其主要任务在于通过多种形式的训练，组织学生收听大量精选的各种题材和体裁的有声材料，培养学生们听英语时的快速反应能力和理解能力，提高学生的实际运用英语的能力和商务活动能力。

通过该课程的系统学习，训练学生为其他技能的学习与提高打下良好的基础。

《英语视听》（1）针对商务英语专业一年级学生在第一个学期开设，侧重语言基础训练，共计28个学时。

二、培养目标1. 方法能力目标培养学生听说读写等综合素质，利用多媒体技术观看商务谈判与国际贸易活动，如：商品交易会、经贸洽谈会等，掌握商务谈判中必备的英语词汇和句型，了解商务英语礼仪知识，熟悉贸易的整个流程，在商务英语活动中游刃有余。

2. 社会能力目标具备商务接待和谈判中的英语听说能力和交际能力，能胜任接待，商务翻译，外贸等职业岗位。

3. 专业能力目标通过组织学生收听大量精选的各种题材和体裁的有声材料，着重训练学生听力的基础技能，在培养学生听懂基本语言单位（如语音、数字、句型等）的基础上，逐步加强学生在语篇水平上的听力理解能力，从而培养学生听英语时的快速反应能力和理解能力，提高学生的实际运用英语的能力和商务活动能力。

三、与前后课程的联系先修课程为综合英语、语音等专业基础课，后续课程为剑桥商务英语、商务英语口译等专业课。

四、教学内容与学时分配五、 学习资源的选用1. 使用教材：本课程使用大连理工大学出版社出版的《世纪商务英语——听说教程I 》（第四版）作为主体教材，进行教学。

step-by-step-第一册-单元真正完整版(答案及原文)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 1 Education is a keyPart IA1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1. 2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2. official / language3. One billion / 20 percent4. Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5. 500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6. Eighty percent / computers7. African country / same8. 1,000 / Africa9. spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types” –the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?Part IIA2Primary school entering age secondary school entering age permissible age toleave school Britain 5 11 16The U.S 6 junior high: 11 16Senior high: 14Australia 5 intermediate school: 11 16High school: 12/13Canada 6 about 13 16A31.GCSE examinations2.students / higher education3.student/ second year / high school / college4.general exam / School Certificate5.sitting University Entrance Examination6.bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or twodoctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high schoo l around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They wil l stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local schoolboards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages –it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French –like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” whichis from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour”and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.Part III University LifeA1I.A.AgeD. Foreign student populationII.2..15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab)3. a. +100 b. Discussion group: 15-20 c. much smaller4. informal, friendly6. 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average stud ent entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average” student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared,but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average” student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2II. B. 2.Examinations 4.quizzesII.Graduate schoolC. SeminarsD. some area of interestE. a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance andmay even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroomPassive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himself----well what I wanted to ask really was… you’re a teacher, been teaching for many years now, erm, what would you say, how would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?---Erm, well, a good student is usually one who’s not afraid to make mistakes, I’d say.---Uh,huh.----And he’s, er, eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, erm,he immediately starts trying to use it.\---Yeah, all right.---And h e’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.---So he’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?---No. no, no. he, he plays with the language. A bad student, on the other hand, will perhaps say “OK I’ve done this chapter I know this,” without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.---Ahha, ahha.---He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll very rarely ask you why this and why not something else…---Just sort of accepts what you give him an d doesn’t do anything more with it.---That’s right and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.---Yeah.---And peep over at the er…at his neighbor’s paper.---Oh, yes, An alternative learning strategy.---Right, and he invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.---Mm, right, yeah. Er, anything else?---Er…---That characterizes the good or bad learner?---Er, mm, the bad learner is, wait a minute er, the good learner is erm, well, I think he’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.---Mm hm.---He’ll read, he’ll read books.---Mm, so work outside the classroom as well as in it.---Yes, yeah---Yeah, yeah---Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University CampusA2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert MartinBiologynext fallsix years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometownscience (biology in particular), sportsMr. Rose: Good morning. Have a seat.Bob: Good morning. Thank you.Mr. Rose: I have your application here somewhere. Yes，here it is. Your name is Robert Martin，right?Bob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: And you hope to enter our university next fallBob: Yes，sir，if I can make it.Mr. Rose: Fine，Bob. I notice that you finished high school a year ago. Why didn't you enter college that year?Bob: Well，I have a sister in college now. And there's another one who'll be going next year. So I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.Mr. Rose: Good. It sounds as if you're a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.Bob: Yes，sir. My first six years I went to a public school in my hometown. Then I went to a military school for two years.Mr. Rose: And came back to your hometown for high school.B ob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: I see. I don't find a transcript among your papers. Do you have one？Bob: I'm not sure I know what that is.Mr Rose: Oh，that's a list of your grades.B ob: Oh，yes. That's in the mail now.Mr Rose: All right. How were your gradesB ob: Well，pretty good，until my second year in high school. Then I guess I got a little too interested in sports. But I know I'll work hard in college.Mr Rose: What do you want to major insB ob: I want to major in biology. That was my best subject in high school. I'm really interested in it.Mr Rose: That sounds fine，Bob. Have you discussed this with your teachers and your parents？B ob: Oh，sure. My science teacher thinks that's just what I ought to go into. And my parents say I should make my own choice.Mr Rose: Did you have some math and other science courses in high schoolB ob: Everything they offered. And I did some extra work for my teacher too.Mr Rose: Well，Bob，you should get along all right here. But it's hard to keep up with both sports and studies.B ob: Yes，sir，I know.Mr Rose: Fine. I' 11 hold your application until we get the transcript. We’ve seen it we'll let you know. Probably in about two weeks.B ob: Thank you very much，sir.Mr Rose: By the way，what did your guidance counselor tell yourB ob: He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I know I do，too. I've been fascinated with science since I was a child.Mr Rose: An interest of that kind really signifies something. Well，good luck，Bob.B ob: Thank you，sir. Good-bye.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful peopleA16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 /5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the larg est desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles.The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet.The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001. The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.2. The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3. And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.4. Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people live there.5. Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6. Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7. The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8. Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.9. The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.10. Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living there.11. The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12. And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of 82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part IIA1. A baby boy2. social/ ecological/ populations3. longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overni ght has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part IIIAWater 70% red or brown plant cover snow continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the。

Unit 1 Part I A1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2.official / language3.One billion / 20 percent4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6.Eighty percent / computers7.African country / same8.1,000 / Africa9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 –(a) 2 –( c) 3 –( d) 4 –(b ) All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. Theylike to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books,and they like to study by themselves. They liketo find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type”rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do youthink you are?Part II A3GCSE examinations students / higher educationstudent/ second year / high school / college general exam / School Certificatesitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to abouteleven you start off at a primary school, and thenfrom eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondaryschool or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at ageeighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sityour University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education. Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local school boards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skillsfor specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching. Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming“big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages –it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French –like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase”which is from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different fromAmerican and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry”for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour” and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.Part III University Life A1 I. Age / Foreign student population II. 15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab) / Discussion group: 15-20 / much smaller / informal, friendly / 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and evenoccasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average student entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average” student for our purposes. Foreign students are oftensurprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures. What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average” student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However,many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes –for example, language classes –will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2 II. Examinations / quizzesIII. Graduate school / Seminars / some area of interest / a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject atthe end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but studentsare expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2 to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroom Passive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himselfHow would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?He’s eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, he immediately starts trying to use it.He’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.He’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?He plays with language.I’ve done this chapter I know this, without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll rarely ask you why this …Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn’t do anything more with it.…and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.And peep over at his neighbor’s paper.An alternative learning strategy.He invariably decides that the other person ismore likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.That characterizes the good or bad learner? He’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.He’ll work outside the classroom as well as in it.Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University Campus A2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground 9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert Martin / biology / next fall / six years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometown / science (biology in particular), sportsSo I had to earn a little money to help pay my way. It sounds as if you’re a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.I don’t find a transcript among your papers. But it’s hard to keep up with both sports and studies.I’ll hold your application until we get the transcript.What did your guidance counselor tell you?He told me I had a real knack for scientific things.I have been fascinated with science since I wasa child. An interest of that kind really signifies something.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful people16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 / 5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the largest desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles. The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles. You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet.The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001.The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.2.The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3.And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.4.Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people live there.5.Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. Therethe population was 159,884,000.6.Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7.The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8.Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.9.The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.10.Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living there.11.The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12.And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of 82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part II1.A baby boy2.social/ ecological/ populations3.longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that thefirst child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer andhealthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part III Awater/ 70% red or brown/ plant cover snow/ continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Riode Janeiro 4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the developing countries?E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work. And the problems this creates areenormous. It’s estimated that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year 2000, with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.I: I t’s difficult to believe.E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13 million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia? Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?E: In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in the league in 1950 is expected to be the fourth biggest city in the world with a population of 16 million- quadrupling its size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.I: What about Japan?E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that’s where it’ll be at the beginning of the next century, although its population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will bein the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or Hong Kong.I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the trend of people moving out of the cities…Part IV skills /the main idea/what/recognize/central / important/direction/purpose/inform/compare/answer/stated/a topic sentence/ first/ details/ difficult/ persuade/ end/ implied/ hinted at/a wholeUnit 3 Traveling from Place to Place Part Ⅰ A BA912/11:20/17 BA877/11:20/14 BA292/11:25/19 TW695/11:30/16 4 EA831/11:35/24BA838/9 IB290/11:35/15 LH039/11:40/9 BA666/11:40/18 AI141/6 BA560/22Last call for British airways flight BA912 for Tokyo. BA912 for Tokyo due to depart at 11:20 boarding at gate 17.British airways flight BA877 to Boston. British airways flight BA877 to Boston duo to depart at11:20 boarding now at gate 14.British airways flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi. Flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi duo to depart at 11:25 now board at gate 19.TWA flight, TW695to New York. TWA flight TW695 to New York departing at 11:30 boarding at gate16.B Tea, soft drinks, coffee, Egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and chips, roast chicken, cheeseburgersTape script:Chief Steward: may I have your attention please, ladies and gentlemen? This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. On sale are tea, coffee and soft drinks, a selection of fresh and toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and cress, roast chicken and toasted cheese; cheeseburgers, beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar. The。

S t e p_B y_S t e p(英语听力入门)3册答案Step By Step 2000 Book3 Unit01Unit 1 World News Up in SpacePart I Warming up1. Endeavor has docked with the ISS. What for?To provide electricity for science experimentsWhen will the U.S. laboratory arrive?Next month2. What does ISS have now?A living room and a command center3. What has been declared by NASA?Pathfinder's 30-day mission on Mars is a 100 percent success.4. Who has given up its hope of reviving Pathfinder? NASAWhen did Pathfinder make its last transmission of scientific data from Mars?At the end of September, 83 days after its landing5. Why is Galileo heading for another pass by Jupiter's moon IO on Thursday?To get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar system6. What is the daunting task for the crew of Atlantis? To deliver NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station7. What is the purpose of the experiments conducted by astronauts on Columbia?To confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds8. What is Endeavor preparing to do on Monday?To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope9. Why has Columbia returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space?Because of a mechanical problem10. What is Discovery doing now? And its crew? Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Telescope now.Its crew is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects of weightlessness.Tapescript:1. U.S. space shuttle Endeavor has docked with the International Space Station, bearing a gift of energy. The five-man shuttle team arrived to add a set of giant solar power panels to Unity to provide electricity for science experiments that will begin soon after the U.S. laboratory arrives next month.2. The International Space Station finally has a living room and a command center. The Russian Zvezda module docked earlier today with the fledgling outpost, which is being assembled in space. After a checkout period, it will be ready for the first crew to live in later this year.3. The U.S. Space Agency NASA has declared its Pathfinder spacecraft mission to Mars a 100 percent success. This week the Pathfinder completed its 30-day planned mission on Mars. A U.S. space official says this spacecraft has fulfilled all its objectives.4. The United States Space Agency NASA says it's given up any real hope of reviving its space probe on Mars. The spacecraft Pathfinder made its last transmission of scientific data from the surface of Mars at the end of September, 83 days after landing.5. The U. S. Galileo spacecraft is heading for another pass by Jupiter's fiery moon IO Thursday to get a closer look at the most volcanic body in our solar system. A pass just 600 kilometers away last month has provided a better understanding of just how active it is.6. It could be a mission-impossible-type assignment for the crew of the space shuttle Atlantis. They've got the daunting task of delivering NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station. If they pull it off, the 15-ton lab will put NASA's flight controllers in charge. Until now Russian controllers have directed operations at the station.7. Astronauts on the U. S. space shuttle Columbia have conducted experiments to confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other and form dust clouds.8. The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor is preparing to return home in triumph after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope. The Endeavor's scheduled to land Monday at the Kennedy Space Center on Florida's Atlantic coast, returning to the site where the mission began eleven days ago.9. The U.S. space shuttle Columbia has returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in space because of a mechanical problem. The Space Agency ordered the shuttle back to Earth after one of the three power generators failed Sunday. The generators called "fuel cells" provide all of shuttle's electrical power, and NASA safety rules require the space ship to return to Earth if any fuel cell fails.10. Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Space Telescope right now. The shuttle launch was nearly perfect according to mission managers, and the crew of seven astronauts is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects of weightlessness.Part II News reportsEvent: NASA's 12-year program of Mars--Starting time: 1996--Finishing time: 2008First installment:n Names of spacecraft: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder LanderArrival time: 1997Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:-- Names of spacecraft: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate OrbiterLaunch time: DecemberArrival time: Next DecemberMission:a. To inspect for subsurface waterb. To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensatesGrand finale:-- Launch time: 2005-- Return time: 2008-- Mission: To return soil and rock samples to Earth Tapescript:Of all the U.S. and Russian spacecraft that have traveled to Mars since the 1960s, the Polar Lander is to be the first to touch down near the planet's south pole. The Lander and a companion orbiting craft called the Mars Climate Orbiter, launched in December, are the second installment of a 12-year NASA program (began in 1996) to unlock the secrets of Earth's red neighbor.The first installment the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter and the Pathfinder Lander -- arrived in 1997, with Pathfinder's robotic rover collecting and analyzing rocks on a desert about half a world away from the polar landing site.The Lander is to touch down just above the northern-most edge of the south polar ice cap, believed to be a mixture of water and carbon dioxide.It will use retrorockets to slow its descent. Once on the ground it will employ a robotic arm resembling a child's toy construction shovel to dig in search of subsurface water. Together with the newest orbiter now on its way to Mars, the Lander will also measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates in the Martian atmosphere.While the Polar Lander descends next December, it is to release two speeding probes, each smaller than a basketball. These rugged instruments are to crash at about 640 kilometers per hour and bury themselves into the Martian surface about 100 kilometers away from the Lander's touch-down point. They, too, will be inspecting for subsurface water.The grand finale of this series of Mars probes is tentatively set for launch in 2005. It would return soil and rock samples to Earth three years later. Summary:This news report tells us that an ailing observatory, the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, has been forced to fall from its orbit and crash into a remote area in the Pacific Ocean to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.Answers to the questions:1. 9 years2. 16 metric tons3. 6 tons4. About 4,000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii5. 4,100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide6. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December7. It changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays.Tapescript.Space Agency NASA forced an ailing observatory to fall from orbit and crash into the Pacific Ocean on Sunday. NASA engineers picked a remote spot to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.NASA says the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has made a fiery plunge through the atmosphere into an isolated area of the Pacific.Most of the nine-year-old satellite was to have burned up in the dive, but about six tons of hot metal were expected to have showered onto an isolated area about four thousand kilometers southeast of Hawaii. NASA had estimated that the debris would scatter over a long, narrow path 41 hundred kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide.The deliberate crash came after Goddard Space Flight Center technicians directed the observatory early Sunday to fire its thrusters twice to dive into the atmosphere. NASA felt this was necessary because one of the Compton's three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December. The Space Agency decided to bring the 16-metric-ton satellite back now in a controlled manner to prevent possible further system failures from causing itto drop on a populated area. The Compton's path took it over many populated areas, including Mexico City, Bangkok, and Miami.Compton exceeded its original five-year mission by four years, resulting in about two thousand scientific papers. The observatory changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the entire universe is bathedin the invisible gamma rays, the highest energy form of light. It discovered hundreds of previously unknown sources of gamma rays, some streaming from black holes, exploding stars, and the sun.Questions:1. How old is the Compton?2. How heavy is the Compton?3. How many tons of hot metal were expected to plunge into the Pacific?4. What is the place that has been chosen for the crash of the Compton?5. How big is the path that the debris of the Compton would scatter over?6. Why is it necessary to force the Compton to fall from its orbit?7. What's the significance of the Compton?C.Summary:This news report tells us that organic molecules have been detected on the moons of the planet Jupiter and some form of life might have evolved there.Moons of Jupiter FindingsGanymedeWrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and cometsGanymede & Callisto--Chemical signals showing there are organic molecules containing carbon and nitrogen-- Evidence of water iceEuropa Deep oceansTapescript.Astronomers in the United States say they have detected organic molecules on the moons of the planet Jupiter which could indicate the conditions are right there for some form of life to have evolved. After studying the latest findings sent back by the space probe Galileo, the scientists say they have found chemical signals showingthat there are organic molecules on the moons containing carbon and nitrogen.For the past 15 months, the Galileo spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter studying four of its moons. Photographs of one of them, Ganymede, shows a wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets. But now both on Ganymede and the second moon, Callisto, scientists have detected chemical signals showing there are organic molecules there containing carbon and nitrogen, essential ingredients for life. There is also evidence of water ice there. And on the third moon, Europa, there are deep oceans. There are other possible explanations for the presence of organic molecules on Jupiter's moons. Violent thunderstorms, for example, may produce them. But after the discovery of possible micro fossils on Mars last year, the new evidence raises the stakes. Dr Simon Milton from Cambridge University was at the meeting in America where the results were announced."Almost wherever we look in the solar system today with our spacecraft, it's almost like going and looking at different restaurants. It seems that there are many places where there is interesting kind of organic soup on the menu, which could have the right conditions for pre-biology, the beginnings of life, or even the existence of life."Galileo took six years to reach Jupiter and practically broke down on the way. But even though it's crippled, its results have been better than scientists have dared to hope.Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industry Summary:This news report is about the safe and accurate return of the unmanned spacecraft after completing its first test flight.Answer the questions:1. According to President Jiang, what is the significance of the success of this experimental flight?a. A milestone in China's space and aeronautic developmentb. The technological breakthrough of manned space flightsc. An inspiration for the Chinese people2. What did President Jiang call on scientists and engineers to do?a. To fully study and analyze the experimental resultsb. To map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of spacec. To' improve the level of China's space and aeronautics industry3. According to Xu Fuxiang, what is the significance of this successful unmanned flight?a. Proving that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the worldb. Inspiring more young Chinese scientists to work in the industryTapescript:In our top story today, President Jiang Zemin, Vice President Hu Jintao, and other top leaders, this afternoon went to Beijing's space center to see the module of the returned unmanned spacecraft which completed its first test flight recently. A ceremony was held this morning, to celebrate the opening of the module. It was transported back to Beijing from Inner Mongolia yesterday. President Jiang Zemin was briefed on the experimental process of the flight of the spacecraft. He said he'ssatisfied with the result of the experimental flight. Jiang Zemin pointed out that the success of the experimental flight is a milestone in China's space and aeronautic development and has special significance in the technological breakthrough of manned space flights. He said it is also an inspiration for all Chinese people.The President called on scientists and engineers to fully study and analyze the experimental results so as to map out a development plan to expand the options for China's peaceful use of space.Earlier in the day, officials from China's space and aeronautics industry, along with researchers and manufacturers of the spacecraft, held a ceremony to mark the safe return of the spacecraft and opened its module. Though the module did not carry any astronauts, it did have a payload. The staff took out national flags, the flags of the Macau Special Administrative Region, and a banner with all the signatures of the scientists and engineers who participated in the construction of the spacecraft. The items will be presented as gifts by the staff of the space and aeronautics industry.The spacecraft voyage is successful and the module returns accurately and safely. However, we shall conduct more studies on concrete technical data such as temperature and humidity recorded by the module. It will provide us with more data to manufacture the manned spacecraft.Xu Fuxiang, the President of China's Space Technological Research Institute, said that the successful flight of the unmanned spacecraft proves that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is among the most advanced in the world. It will inspire more young Chinese scientists to work in the industry.B.Summary:This news report is about China's launch of the second unmanned experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou H" Answers to the questions:Answers to the questions1. In the early hours of Wednesday morning / A rocket center in Gansu Province2. A few days later / Inner Mongolia3. To launch a space station / To put astronauts on the moon4. November 19995. 14 times6. 21 hours7. Inner Mongolia8. A few days9. 1992Tapescript:China says it's successfully put a second unmanned spacecraft into orbit. It's expected to re-enter the earth's atmosphere over Inner Mongolia in a few days' time. The launch is part of ambitious, long-term plans by the Chinese authorities which ultimately include hopes of building a space station.The official Chinese news agency said the country's second unmanned experimental spacecraft, "ShenzhouII ," was successfully launched in the early hours of Wednesday morning from a rocket center in Gansu Province in northwest China. It's part of a series of tests the Chinese are carrying out before pushing ahead with a manned space mission sometime in the future. The first test flight to the unmanned module took place in November 1999, when it orbited the earth 14 times before finally landing in Inner Mongolia, 21 hours later. The Chinese news agency says this mission will last for afew days. And several technical improvements have been made to the craft. China began its manned space program in 1992, and officials have expressed the hope that one day they'll ultimately launch a space station and put astronauts on the moon.Questions:1. When and where was Shenzhou II launched?2. When and where will Shenzhou Il re-enter the earth's atmosphere?3. What is China's long-term ambition'?4. When did the first test flight to the unmanned module take place?5. How many times did it orbit the earth?6. How many hours did it stay in the orbit?7. Where did it land?8. How long will Shenzhou Il's mission last?9. When did China begin its manned space program? Part IV Mir Russia's space gloryMir FactsLength of service: 15 yearsBuilt by: the Soviet Union, now RussiaCost: $4.2 billion (for building and maintaining)Time for building: 10 years (1986 -- 1996)Weight: 135 tons Volume: 9,900 cubic feetSize: 63 feet wide and 85 feet longVisits to Mir by: 104 cosmonauts, astronauts, and other visitorsFlights made to Mir: 46Longest single stay in orbit: Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov, 438 daysLongest total for human stay in space: Cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev,totaled 747 days, three separate missionsMir back to Earth: Mar. 23rd, 2001Tapescript:Mir means "peace" in Russian. The station had a core block of living quarters and six docking ports for supply ships.Mir was built by the Soviet Union, which is now Russia. It cost $4.2 billion to build and maintain it. Scientists spent ten years building it, from 1986 to 1996. It weighs 135 tons and has a volume of 9,900 cubic feet. It is 63 feet wide and 85 feet long. Mir hosted 104 cosmonauts, astronauts, and visitors. Forty-six flights were made to Mir. Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in orbit, which is 438 days. And cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev totaled 747 days between his three separate missions to Mir, which is the longest total for any human staying in space.The Mir Space Station has been sailing through space for 15 years. But Mir doesn't work very well any longer, and its orbit is failing. It has been replaced by the new International Space Station, where the U. S. A., Russia and many other countries work together. So Russia is going to bring Mir down into the ocean. They will be careful that none of Mir's pieces hit places where people live.This event will be big news --as it should be! Since the Russians began building Mir in 1986, it has survived a fire, collisions with other spacecraft, and even attacks on its wiring by microbes that ate metal and glass! We have learned a lot from Mir about how to live and work in space.The Russian Space Agency guided Mir back to Earth on March 23rd. Fragments of the huge spacecraft splashed down in the South Pacific ocean just as ground controllers had planned. It was a flawless re-entry. No one was hurt. Mir was truly a remarkable achievement ofhuman ingenuity, breaking uncounted records for human space-flight. The Mir is gone but will never be forgotten.1. Why is Sergei Avdeyev regarded as the world's most traveled man?a. Spent longer than anyone else on Mirb. Spent 380 days in space during his third visitc. Orbited the earth 11,968 times2. How did the cosmonauts make Mir a cozy home?a. With things the cosmonauts brought themselvesb. With what the cargo ship deliveredc. With things inherited from the previous space station3. What are some of the things that the astronauts on Mir once had or used?a. Photosb. Good-luck charmsc. Calendarsd. Musice. Library of 400 books: classic literature technical / reference / dictionaryf. Christmas treeg. Decorationsh. Art gallery: 15 paintingsTapescript:This week the Russian Space Agency said that they will let Mir drop into the vast atmosphere to burn up. And if any of the 137-ton (sic) craft remains after that, the bits will drop into the Pacific Ocean. Well, that's the theory. Mir became a symbol of Russia's space glory and the most visited place in space with more than 70 astronauts from many countries making the journey from Earth into orbit. Sergei Avdeyev, a flight engineer, spent longer than anyone else up there. On his third and final visit, he spent a marathon 380 days in space. In total, he orbitedthe earth 11,968 times, and is beyond doubt the world's most traveled man."By the time I first flew to Mir in 1992, people were already living there. And when we arrived, we were met and greeted by the other astronauts. We knew the people on board already though, because we trained together or just because they worked in the same place as us. And so we knew who's going to meet us. But then again, each time it was a new experience, a new team, and therefore a new atmosphere on the station. And despite the facts that we trained for months before launch, it's very hard to imitate the interior of the station in simulation exercises. We never really understood what it was actually like or what the cosmonauts did there to make it a cozy home. "I mean of course it looked well-lived-in. Apart from the things the cosmonauts brought themselves, and what the cargo ship delivered, we also inherited quite a lot of things from the previous space station. There were some restrictions on the amount of stuff we could take up with us for personal use. We were allowed a kilo and a half personal belongings but that's it. This could be anything you like, books, photos, good-luck charms, anything. But over time, we managed to add to this. Firstly because the station has been in orbit for a long time, and most of the things people brought stayed up there. And secondly, cargo ships arrived regularly, carrying parcels from Earth with books, calendars, music. And we had quite a large library as well. Four hundred books ranging from classic literature to technical and reference books. And when the foreigners started to fly with us, we got dictionaries, Russian-English, German-Russian, and so on."Some of us spent half a year there at a time, and of course it became like our home, a place where you spent a significant part of your life. During my second andthird trips, there were things there which reminded me of the previous trips. For instance, I celebrated New Year there three times! I even knew where the Christmas tree and the decorations were kept."By my second flight, we had a joint program with the American shuttle, which brought a new module to the station, the docking sector. It was brand-new when we received it and completely empty. So we decided to use it as a kind of art gallery. The European Space Agency had organized a competition among European artists for their work to be exhibited in space. They sent us 15 paintings, and we put them on the walls and ceiling. And when we have some time off, we love to go..."Step By Step 2000 Book3 Unit02Unit 2 World News: International RelationsPart I Warming up1. What is the summit's statement expected to call on UN members?To make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDSHow many heads-of-state attended the summit? More than 1502. What has the former American Defense Secretary William Perry recommended?A radical change of policy towards North Korea, from undermining to co-existing3. Which three countries are admitted by ASEAN on Saturday?Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos4. What is the purpose of "Million Mom March"?To push for tougher gun control laws5. What happened inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo?There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic Albanian guerrillas.6. What happened on Friday about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor?A U. S. nuclear submarine tore through a Japanese fishing vessel, sinking it within minutes.How many people were on the vessel? And how many were missing? 35/97. How many casualties were there in the U.S. navy's bombing in Kuwait?Killed: 5 Americans + 1 from New ZealandInjured: 5 Americans8. What happened in the West Bank and Gaza?Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunmen have been raiding overnight.9. What is NATO trying to do?To allay growing disquiet about the possible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uraniumHow many former peacekeeping soldiers are reported to have died from cancer?About 2010. What are the problems with the nuclear facilities and nuclear plants in Japan?Nuclear facilities. Some have breached many health and safety laws.Nuclear plants: More than half failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Tapescript:1. With the final declaration on its role in the 21st century, the summit's statement is expected to call on UN members to make commitments to eradicate poverty,promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS. More than 150 heads of state and government attended the summit, the largest gathering of world leaders in history.2. The former American Defense Secretary William Perry has recommended a radical change of policy towards North Korea. In the State Department policy review he said the United States and its allies should try to co-exist with North Korea rather than undermine it.3. The Association of South-East Asian Nations has decided to invite Burma to join its ranks, shrugging off western denunciations of the military regime in Rangoon. ASEAN foreign ministers voted on Saturday to admit Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos.4. Hundreds of thousands of mothers from across the United States gathered here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws. Organizers of the so-called "Million Mom March" are hoping to harness growing outrage at the number of children killed by handguns in the United States.5. There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic Albanian guerrillas inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo. The fighting followed an earlier clash in which guerrillas ambushed a police patrol in Macedonia killing one policeman.6. The missing, four of them teenagers, were among 35 people aboard a high school fishing vessel from Japan. On Friday, a U.S. nuclear submarine tore through the ship, sinking it within minutes. The USS Greenville, which was not seriously damaged, was performing an emergency surfacing drill when the collision occurred about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor. Coast Guard rescue teams plucked all but nine of the victims from the rough seas.7. A bomb dropped by the United State's navy aircraft during training in Kuwait has hit a group of military observers, killing six of them. Five of the dead were American, the sixth was a special force's major from New Zealand. The 500pound bomb landed near an observation post during a live-firing training exercise in the desert. It was dark at the time. Five other American military personnel were injured.8. Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunman have been raiding overnight in the West Bank and Gaza. The upsurge in violence comes after Israeli attack helicopters targeted and killed a member of an elite Palestinian security force.9. NATO is taking a number of steps to allay growing disquiet about the possible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uranium, which it used in Kosovo and Bosnia. A special committee will be set up to handle the issue. About 20 former peacekeeping soldiers are reported to have died from cancer after serving in Kosovo or Bosnia.10. Some nuclear facilities in Japan have breached many health and safety laws. Government inspectors checked 17 nuclear plants. More than half of them failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Japanese nuclear regulators have been ordered to crack down following the country's worst nuclear accident in September. Sixty-nine people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation in the accident.Part II News reportsSummary:This news report tells us that the United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as its new non-permanent members of the Security Council.。

Different people have different ways of learning. We call this your “learning style”, and it’s based on your senses. To learn, you need to use your different senses – hearing, seeing, touching, etc., to bring information to your brain. Now, most people use one of their senses more than the others.Some people learn best by listening. They are called hearing learners. And others learn best by reading or looking at pictures. They are called visual learners. And some learn best by touching and doing things. They are called tactile learners. Now scientists don’t know why people use one sense more than the others. Maybe the sense they use most just works best for them.Item twoToday, we tell about one of the most famous national parks in the United States. It is one of the most beautiful places in the country. Yosemite National Park is a place of extremes. It has high mountains. It has valleys formed by ancient ice that cut deep into the earth millions of years ago. Water from high in the mountains falls in many places to the green valley far below. There are thirteen beautiful waterfalls in Yosemite Valley. One of these waterfalls, Yosemite Falls, is the fifth highest on Earth. Yosemite has a beautiful slow-moving river and large grassy areas where you can see wild animals.Item threeAmerica’s national road system makes it possible to drive coast to coast. From the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west is a distance of more than 4,000 kilometers. Or you could drive more than two thousand kilometers and go from the Canadian border south to the Mexican border. The highway system has made it possible for people to work in a city and live outside it. And it has made it possible for people to travel easily and quickly from one part of the country to another.Item fourThe way you look at someone conveys important cultural messages. Without your even knowing it, your gaze speaks volumes. “T he eyes are the window of the soul,” according to the old sayings. Staring is acceptable in some cultures but not in others. A wink can mean a compliment or an insult, depending on the cultures. A direct gaze can be a sign of honesty or an indication of disrespect and rudeness, according to the culture that surrounds the gazer. The way a person gazes thus expresses a strong message-but this message can be easily misunderstood if cultural norms are not shared.Item fiveThis time of the year Americans spend lots of time shopping for holiday gifts for their family members and friends. Many people visit a lot of stores in large shopping centers to buy their gifts. Others order goods by telephone from catalogues, the magazines that offer company’s products. And many are doing their holiday shopping on the Internet. Industry experts say American business should have about 184,000 million dollars in sales during November and December. 63% of people who use the Internet say they expect to buy at least some gifts there.IOC stands for International Olympic Committee, which governs the Olympics in general. It was founded in Paris on 23 June 1894. Its headquarters are in the Swiss city of Lausanne. Its official languages are English and French. IOC members come from five different continents-Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania. They choose Olympic cities six years in advance. All the Olympic movement’s rules are contained in a book called The Olympic Charter. There is an Olympic Museum and Studies Center in Lausanne. It contains posters, documents, medals, books, photos, paintings, films and sculptures.Item sevenThere are far too many road accidents in this country, too many deaths and too many people injured. One wonders who most to blame, drivers or pedestrians. Some people say that the blame can not be put fairly without considering the state of the roads and the whole transport system. On the other hand, many experts are convinced that the larger part of the blame for the death toll must be put on persons and persons alone. To be fair, pedestrians, drivers and road conditions are all to blame. One looks forward to the day when the motor-car has been replaced by some less dangerous means of transport.Item eightPetroleum has been important since ancient times. In Latin, the name means “rock oil.”Petroleum is a fossil fuel. The liquid comes from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. These remains were buried deep below levels of rock over time and under great pressure. This geological process created complex molecules of hydrogen and carbon. Oil can also contain other elements. Crude oil, or unprocessed petroleum, is called sour when it contains a lot of sulfur, an impurity. Sour crude requires more refining than sweet crude, which is often more valuable.Item nineIn September of 2000, world leaders set eight goals for bringing millions of people out of poverty. These became known as the United Nations millennium development goals. Among them: cut in half the number of people living on less than one dollar a day and halt the spread of AIDS and malaria. The goals also include improving survival rates for pregnant women and young children, and educating all children. Working for equality between women and men and dealing with environmental needs like safe water also are included. The target date for reaching the goals is 2015.Item tenOne way to think about time is to imagine a world without time. There could be no movement, because time and movement cannot be separated. A world without time could exist only as long as there were no changes. For time and change are linked. We know that time has passed when something changes. In the real world-the world with time-changes never stop. Some changes happen only once in a while, like an eclipse of the moon. Others happen repeatedly, like the rising and setting of the sun. Humans always have noted natural events that repeat themselves. Whenpeople began to count such events, they began to measure time.Item elevenThe World Future Society has published a special report about forces changing the world. One of them is population growth. The report says the world is expected to have more than nine thousand million people by the middle of this century. Population growth in many industrial nations, however, is expected to drop. But medical progress helps their people to live longer lives. International migration is also shaping the future. The report says there is some resistance, but also growing acceptance of cultural differences. The world economy is also becoming more integrated. On the issue of energy, the use of oil is expected to reach 110 million barrels a day by 2020.。

英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 12ATravel on land water and snow fly portable wing. Fishing or hunting 15 kilometers stay still30-horsepower motor 160 kilometers 80 450 kilometers Marketing campaign back light aircraftBA golf course named Fox Hollow, which has won an award for its relatively low impact on environment and sustainable wildlife.Golf courses and the environment have historically been at odds. It’s hard to reconcile the careful grooming and excessive water needed for greens and fairways with conservation and natural habitats. One case in point, Lakewood’s Fox Hollow Golf Course had its construction temporarily halted so some killdeer eggs can hatch. A pair of retail hawkswere also born during the construction of Fox Hollow. However, the golf course has recently won an award for its relatively low impact an sustained wildlife. The Golf Course Superintendents of America say Lakewood’s 27-hole Fox Hollow course blends well with Bear Creek Lake’s grasslands, and the land still hosts foxes, deer, great horned owls, blue herons, coyotes, and other wildlife. Only three Environmental Steward Awards are given out each year, so Lakewook officials are pretty excited about helping set the standard for golf courses with a soft touch.C:C1: F F T F TC2: 1999 old school friends 2005 12 millionSchool college university a list of the members personal profile other people’s detailsLives about yourself your self-esteemSchool reunions childhood sweethearts relationshipsHave you ever wondered what your old schoolmates are doing now well, plenty of people in Britain do. One of the most successful Internet ventures in Britain has shown how popular, and how lucrative, nostalgia can be.The website Friends Reunited was started for fun in 1999 by a couple who were interested to know what their old school friends were doing. The project snowballed and by 2005, the site had 12 million members. One extraordinary fact is that Friends Reunited has never advertised, its success is entirely due to word-of-mouth.You can search for a school, college or university and find a list of the members who were there in any year. You can also post a personal profile showing wha t you are doing now, and read other people’s details. Steve Pankhurst, one of the founders of the site, thinks that one of the reasons for its success is that some people like to be anonymous. On Friends Reunited, you can snoop on other people’s lives wi thout giving away anything about yourself if you don’t want to. It’s also an opportunity to bolster your self-esteem by showing off to everyone just how successful and happy you are now, even if you weren’t while you were at school.Friends Reunited has also led to many successful school reninons, and people meeting up with each other after many years. In particular, many people use the site to look up their childhood sweethearts and many couples have actually rekindled relationships after contacting each other through the site.There have even been Friends Reunited weddings and babies, andFriends Reunited now has a new site called Friends Reunited Dating especially for people who are looking for love. The company has also launched other sites, such as Genes Reunited, which helps people to find long-lost relatives and build their family tress online.So, whether you want to be nosy, contact old friends, organize a school reunion, find your first love, or simply show off you success, Friends Reunited is the site to visit.。

英语听力I 教学大纲一、课程名称：英语听力（1）二、学时：36三、周课时：3四、教学周：12五、考核方式：考试。

采取平时30%，期末70%的比例平时成绩以小测验，课上完成练习情况和出勤成绩为参考。

六、适用学科专业：商务英语专业大一（1）七、教学目的1.提高学生的初级听力水平，使学生能够听懂篇幅较长、语速较慢的英语电台广播。

2.提高学生的基本听力技巧，培养其良好的听力习惯，逐步改进其听力策略。

帮助学生进行专门的听力技能训练，有计划地提高学生的听力理解水平，并力求促进学生智能的发展，通过较系统、较全面、大强度、高难度地听力训练，提高学生听懂英语对话、短篇讲话、甚至较长讲话的能力。

同时还培养学生以下几个方面的能力：1、学习者的学习策略能力；2、语言尝试能力；3、语言思维能力；4、语言教师的职业能力。

此外，还兼顾文化知识的学习。

最终达到发展学生的独立判断和组织能力的要求。

八、教学形式与要求课程的教学方法直接关系到学生各方面能力的培养与提高。

课堂教学应以学生为主体、教师为主导，改变过去以教师为中心的教学模式，注重培养学生的学习能力和研究能力。

在教学中要多开展以任务为中心的、形式多样的教学活动。

在加强基础训练的同时，采用启发式、讨论式、发现式和研究式的教学方法，充分调动学生学习的积极性，激发学生的学习动机，最大限度地让学生参与学习的全过程。

引导学生主动积极地利用现有图书资料和网上信息，获取知识，并使学生在运用知识的过程中培养各种能力。

同时，要注意教学方法的多样性，要根据不同的教学对象、教学内容、教学目的和要求，选择相应的教学方法，并鼓励教师积极探索新的教学方法。

课堂教学要与学生的课外学习和实践活动相结合。

在提高学生听力水平的过程中，课外学习和实践是课堂教学的延伸与扩展，是培养和发展学生能力的重要途径，应在教师的指导下有目的、有计划、有组织地进行。

课外泛听应以课堂精听教学的内容为基础，激发学生的学习兴趣，以及培养学生的学习能力、语言综合运用能力、组织能力、交际能力、思维能力和创新能力。

Step By Step 2000 Book3 Unit01123Unit 1 World News Up in Space4Part I Warming up51. Endeavor has docked with the ISS. What for?6To provide electricity for science experiments7When will the U.S. laboratory arrive?8Next month92. What does ISS have now?A living room and a command center10113. What has been declared by NASA?12Pathfinder's 30-day mission on Mars is a 100 percent success.134. Who has given up its hope of reviving Pathfinder?14NASA15When did Pathfinder make its last transmission of scientific data from 16Mars?17At the end of September, 83 days after its landing185. Why is Galileo heading for another pass by Jupiter's moon IO on 19Thursday?20To get a closer look at the most volcanic body in solar system6. What is the daunting task for the crew of Atlantis?2122To deliver NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the InternationalSpace Station23247. What is the purpose of the experiments conducted by astronauts on 25Columbia?26To confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract each other 27and form dust clouds288. What is Endeavor preparing to do on Monday?29To return home at the Kennedy Space Center after completing repairs 30on the Hubble Telescope319. Why has Columbia returned to Earth after an abbreviated stay in 32space?33Because of a mechanical problem3410. What is Discovery doing now? And its crew?Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Telescope now.3536Its crew is setting up housekeeping and recovering from the effects 37of weightlessness.38Tapescript:391. U.S. space shuttle Endeavor has docked with the International Space 40Station, bearing a gift of energy. The five-man shuttle team arrived to add a set of giant solar power panels to Unity to provide electricity4142for science experiments that will begin soon after the U.S. laboratory 43arrives next month.2. The International Space Station finally has a living room and a4445command center. The Russian Zvezda module docked earlier today with the 46fledgling outpost, which is being assembled in space. After a checkout 47period, it will be ready for the first crew to live in later this year.483. The U.S. Space Agency NASA has declared its Pathfinder spacecraft 49mission to Mars a 100 percent success. This week the Pathfinder completedits 30-day planned mission on Mars. A U.S. space official says this5051spacecraft has fulfilled all its objectives.524. The United States Space Agency NASA says it's given up any real hope 53of reviving its space probe on Mars. The spacecraft Pathfinder made its 54last transmission of scientific data from the surface of Mars at the end 55of September, 83 days after landing.565. The U. S. Galileo spacecraft is heading for another pass by Jupiter's 57fiery moon IO Thursday to get a closer look at the most volcanic body 58in our solar system. A pass just 600 kilometers away last month has provided a better understanding of just how active it is.59606. It could be a mission-impossible-type assignment for the crew ofthe space shuttle Atlantis. They've got the daunting task of delivering6162NASA's $1.4 billion space lab Destiny to the International Space Station.63If they pull it off, the 15-ton lab will put NASA's flight controllers 64in charge. Until now Russian controllers have directed operations at the 65station.667. Astronauts on the U. S. space shuttle Columbia have conductedexperiments to confirm a theory that particles in space tend to attract6768each other and form dust clouds.698. The U.S. space shuttle Endeavor is preparing to return home in 70triumph after completing repairs on the Hubble Telescope. The Endeavor's 71scheduled to land Monday at the Kennedy Space Center on Florida's Atlantic 72coast, returning to the site where the mission began eleven days ago.739. The U.S. space shuttle Columbia has returned to Earth after an 74abbreviated stay in space because of a mechanical problem. The Space 75Agency ordered the shuttle back to Earth after one of the three power 76generators failed Sunday. The generators called "fuel cells" provide all of shuttle's electrical power, and NASA safety rules require the space7778ship to return to Earth if any fuel cell fails.7910. Discovery is playing chase with the Hubble Space Telescope rightnow. The shuttle launch was nearly perfect according to mission managers,8081and the crew of seven astronauts is setting up housekeeping and recovering 82from the effects of weightlessness.Part II News reports8384Event: NASA's 12-year program of Mars85--Starting time: 199686--Finishing time: 200887First installment:88n Names of spacecraft: the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter / the Pathfinder Lander8990Arrival time: 199791Mission: To collect and analyze rocksSecond installment:9293-- Names of spacecraft: the Polar Lander / the Mars Climate Orbiter 94Launch time: December95Arrival time: Next December96Mission:97a. To inspect for subsurface waterb. To measure the distribution of water vapor, dust and condensates9899Grand finale:100-- Launch time: 2005-- Return time: 2008101102-- Mission: To return soil and rock samples to EarthTapescript:103104Of all the U.S. and Russian spacecraft that have traveled to Mars since105the 1960s, the Polar Lander is to be the first to touch down near the106planet's south pole. The Lander and a companion orbiting craft called107the Mars Climate Orbiter, launched in December, are the second108installment of a 12-year NASA program (began in 1996) to unlock the109secrets of Earth's red neighbor.110The first installment the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter and the111Pathfinder Lander -- arrived in 1997, with Pathfinder's robotic rovercollecting and analyzing rocks on a desert about half a world away from 112113the polar landing site.The Lander is to touch down just above the northern-most edge of the 114115south polar ice cap, believed to be a mixture of water and carbon dioxide. 116It will use retrorockets to slow its descent. Once on the ground it117will employ a robotic arm resembling a child's toy construction shovel118to dig in search of subsurface water. Together with the newest orbiter119now on its way to Mars, the Lander will also measure the distributionof water vapor, dust and condensates in the Martian atmosphere.120121While the Polar Lander descends next December, it is to release two122speeding probes, each smaller than a basketball. These rugged instruments123are to crash at about 640 kilometers per hour and bury themselves into124the Martian surface about 100 kilometers away from the Lander's125touch-down point. They, too, will be inspecting for subsurface water. 126The grand finale of this series of Mars probes is tentatively set for127launch in 2005. It would return soil and rock samples to Earth three years128later.129Summary:This news report tells us that an ailing observatory, the Compton Gamma 130131Ray Observatory, has been forced to fall from its orbit and crash into132a remote area in the Pacific Ocean to avoid deaths and injuries from thefalling debris.133134Answers to the questions:1351. 9 years2. 16 metric tons1361373. 6 tons1384. About 4,000 kilometers southeast of Hawaii1395. 4,100 kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide1406. Because one of its three stabilizing gyroscopes had failed in 141December1427. It changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing that the 143entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays.144Tapescript.145Space Agency NASA forced an ailing observatory to fall from orbit and 146crash into the Pacific Ocean on Sunday. NASA engineers picked a remote 147spot to avoid deaths and injuries from the falling debris.148NASA says the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory has made a fiery plunge 149through the atmosphere into an isolated area of the Pacific.150Most of the nine-year-old satellite was to have burned up in the dive, but about six tons of hot metal were expected to have showered onto an 151152isolated area about four thousand kilometers southeast of Hawaii. NASA had estimated that the debris would scatter over a long, narrow path 41 153154hundred kilometers long and 26 kilometers wide.155The deliberate crash came after Goddard Space Flight Center technicians 156directed the observatory early Sunday to fire its thrusters twice to dive 157into the atmosphere.158NASA felt this was necessary because one of the Compton's threestabilizing gyroscopes had failed in December. The Space Agency decided 159160to bring the 16-metric-ton satellite back now in a controlled manner to 161prevent possible further system failures from causing it to drop on a populated area. The Compton's path took it over many populated areas, 162163including Mexico City, Bangkok, and Miami.164Compton exceeded its original five-year mission by four years, 165resulting in about two thousand scientific papers.166The observatory changed astronomers' view of the heavens after showing 167that the entire universe is bathed in the invisible gamma rays, the 168highest energy form of light. It discovered hundreds of previously 169unknown sources of gamma rays, some streaming from black holes, exploding 170stars, and the sun.171Questions:1721. How old is the Compton?1732. How heavy is the Compton?1743. How many tons of hot metal were expected to plunge into the Pacific? 1754. What is the place that has been chosen for the crash of the Compton? 1765. How big is the path that the debris of the Compton would scatterover?1771786. Why is it necessary to force the Compton to fall from its orbit?7. What's the significance of the Compton?179180C.181Summary:182This news report tells us that organic molecules have been detected 183on the moons of the planet Jupiter and some form of life might have evolved 184there.Moons of Jupiter Findings185186Ganymede187Wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets 188Ganymede & Callisto189--Chemical signals showing there are organic molecules containing190carbon and nitrogen191-- Evidence of water ice192Europa Deep oceans193194Tapescript.195Astronomers in the United States say they have detected organic196molecules on the moons of the planet Jupiter which could indicate the197conditions are right there for some form of life to have evolved. Afterstudying the latest findings sent back by the space probe Galileo, the 198199scientists say they have found chemical signals showing that there are200organic molecules on the moons containing carbon and nitrogen.201For the past 15 months, the Galileo spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter202studying four of its moons. Photographs of one of them, Ganymede, shows203a wrinkled surface pockmarked with impacts from asteroids and comets.But now both on Ganymede and the second moon, Callisto, scientists have 204205detected chemical signals showing there are organic molecules there206containing carbon and nitrogen, essential ingredients for life. Thereis also evidence of water ice there. And on the third moon, Europa, there 207208are deep oceans. There are other possible explanations for the presence209of organic molecules on Jupiter's moons. Violent thunderstorms, for210example, may produce them. But after the discovery of possible micro211fossils on Mars last year, the new evidence raises the stakes. Dr Simon212Milton from Cambridge University was at the meeting in America where the213results were announced.214"Almost wherever we look in the solar system today with our spacecraft,215it's almost like going and looking at different restaurants. It seems216that there are many places where there is interesting kind of organicsoup on the menu, which could have the right conditions for pre-biology, 217218the beginnings of life, or even the existence of life."219Galileo took six years to reach Jupiter and practically broke down onthe way. But even though it's crippled, its results have been better than 220221scientists have dared to hope.222Part III China' s space' and aeronautics industry223Summary:224This news report is about the safe and accurate return of the unmanned225spacecraft after completing its first test flight.Answer the questions:2262271. According to President Jiang, what is the significance of the success228of this experimental flight?a. A milestone in China's space and aeronautic development229230b. The technological breakthrough of manned space flights231c. An inspiration for the Chinese people2322. What did President Jiang call on scientists and engineers to do? 233a. To fully study and analyze the experimental results234b. To map out a development plan to expand the options for China's235peaceful use of space236c. To' improve the level of China's space and aeronautics industry 2373. According to Xu Fuxiang, what is the significance of this successfulunmanned flight?238239a. Proving that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry240is among the most advanced in the world241b. Inspiring more young Chinese scientists to work in the industry 242Tapescript:243In our top story today, President Jiang Zemin, Vice President Hu Jintao,244and other top leaders, this afternoon went to Beijing's space center to245see the module of the returned unmanned spacecraft which completed its246first test flight recently. A ceremony was held this morning, to celebratethe opening of the module. It was transported back to Beijing from Inner 247248Mongolia yesterday.President Jiang Zemin was briefed on the experimental process of the 249250flight of the spacecraft. He said he's satisfied with the result of the251experimental flight. Jiang Zemin pointed out that the success of the252experimental flight is a milestone in China's space and aeronautic253development and has special significance in the technological254breakthrough of manned space flights. He said it is also an inspirationfor all Chinese people.255256The President called on scientists and engineers to fully study and257analyze the experimental results so as to map out a development plan to258expand the options for China's peaceful use of space.259Earlier in the day, officials from China's space and aeronautics260industry, along with researchers and manufacturers of the spacecraft,261held a ceremony to mark the safe return of the spacecraft and opened its262module. Though the module did not carry any astronauts, it did have a263payload. The staff took out national flags, the flags of the Macau Special264Administrative Region, and a banner with all the signatures of thescientists and engineers who participated in the construction of the 265266spacecraft. The items will be presented as gifts by the staff of the space267and aeronautics industry.268The spacecraft voyage is successful and the module returns accurately269and safely. However, we shall conduct more studies on concrete technical270data such as temperature and humidity recorded by the module. It will271provide us with more data to manufacture the manned spacecraft.Xu Fuxiang, the President of China's Space Technological Research 272273Institute, said that the successful flight of the unmanned spacecraft274proves that the level of China's space and aeronautics industry is amongthe most advanced in the world. It will inspire more young Chinese 275276scientists to work in the industry.277B.278Summary:279This news report is about China's launch of the second unmanned280experimental spacecraft "Shenzhou H" Answers to the questions:Answers to the questions2812821. In the early hours of Wednesday morning / A rocket center in Gansu283Province2. A few days later / Inner Mongolia2842853. To launch a space station / To put astronauts on the moon2864. November 19992875. 14 times2886. 21 hours2897. Inner Mongolia2908. A few days2919. 1992292Tapescript:China says it's successfully put a second unmanned spacecraft into 293294orbit. It's expected to re-enter the earth's atmosphere over Inner 295Mongolia in a few days' time. The launch is part of ambitious, long-term 296plans by the Chinese authorities which ultimately include hopes of 297building a space station.298The official Chinese news agency said the country's second unmanned 299experimental spacecraft, "Shenzhou II ," was successfully launched in 300the early hours of Wednesday morning from a rocket center in Gansu 301Province in northwest China. It's part of a series of tests the Chinese 302are carrying out before pushing ahead with a manned space mission sometime 303in the future. The first test flight to the unmanned module took place 304in November 1999, when it orbited the earth 14 times before finally landing in Inner Mongolia, 21 hours later. The Chinese news agency says 305306this mission will last for a few days. And several technical improvements 307have been made to the craft. China began its manned space program in 1992, 308and officials have expressed the hope that one day they'll ultimately 309launch a space station and put astronauts on the moon.310Questions:1. When and where was Shenzhou II launched?3113122. When and where will Shenzhou Il re-enter the earth's atmosphere? 3133. What is China's long-term ambition'?4. When did the first test flight to the unmanned module take place? 3143155. How many times did it orbit the earth?3166. How many hours did it stay in the orbit?3177. Where did it land?3188. How long will Shenzhou Il's mission last?3199. When did China begin its manned space program?320Part IV Mir Russia's space glory321Mir Facts322Length of service: 15 years323Built by: the Soviet Union, now RussiaCost: $4.2 billion (for building and maintaining)324325Time for building: 10 years (1986 -- 1996)326Weight: 135 tons Volume: 9,900 cubic feetSize: 63 feet wide and 85 feet long327328Visits to Mir by: 104 cosmonauts, astronauts, and other visitors 329Flights made to Mir: 46330Longest single stay in orbit: Cosmonaut Valery Polyakov, 438 days 331Longest total for human stay in space: Cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev, 332totaled 747 days, three separate missionsMir back to Earth: Mar. 23rd, 2001333334Tapescript:335Mir means "peace" in Russian. The station had a core block of living quarters and six docking ports for supply ships.336337Mir was built by the Soviet Union, which is now Russia. It cost $4.2 338billion to build and maintain it. Scientists spent ten years building 339it, from 1986 to 1996. It weighs 135 tons and has a volume of 9,900 cubic 340feet. It is 63 feet wide and 85 feet long. Mir hosted 104 cosmonauts, 341astronauts, and visitors. Forty-six flights were made to Mir. Cosmonaut 342Valery Polyakov holds the record for the longest stay in orbit, which 343is 438 days. And cosmonaut Sergei Avdeyev totaled 747 days between his 344three separate missions to Mir, which is the longest total for any humanstaying in space.345346The Mir Space Station has been sailing through space for 15 years. But 347Mir doesn't work very well any longer, and its orbit is failing. It has 348been replaced by the new International Space Station, where the U. S. 349A., Russia and many other countries work together. So Russia is going 350to bring Mir down into the ocean. They will be careful that none of Mir's 351pieces hit places where people live.352This event will be big news --as it should be! Since the Russians began 353building Mir in 1986, it has survived a fire, collisions with other 354spacecraft, and even attacks on its wiring by microbes that ate metal 355and glass! We have learned a lot from Mir about how to live and work in 356space.The Russian Space Agency guided Mir back to Earth on March 23rd. 357358Fragments of the huge spacecraft splashed down in the South Pacific ocean 359just as ground controllers had planned. It was a flawless re-entry. No 360one was hurt. Mir was truly a remarkable achievement of human ingenuity, 361breaking uncounted records for human space-flight. The Mir is gone but 362will never be forgotten.1. Why is Sergei Avdeyev regarded as the world's most traveled man? 363364a. Spent longer than anyone else on Mir365b. Spent 380 days in space during his third visitc. Orbited the earth 11,968 times3663672. How did the cosmonauts make Mir a cozy home?368a. With things the cosmonauts brought themselves369b. With what the cargo ship delivered370c. With things inherited from the previous space station3713. What are some of the things that the astronauts on Mir once had or372used?373a. Photos374b. Good-luck charms375c. Calendarsd. Music376377e. Library of 400 books: classic literature technical / reference /378dictionaryf. Christmas tree379380g. Decorations381h. Art gallery: 15 paintings382Tapescript:383This week the Russian Space Agency said that they will let Mir drop384into the vast atmosphere to burn up. And if any of the 137-ton (sic) craft385remains after that, the bits will drop into the Pacific Ocean. Well,386that's the theory. Mir became a symbol of Russia's space glory and the387most visited place in space with more than 70 astronauts from many388countries making the journey from Earth into orbit. Sergei Avdeyev, a389flight engineer, spent longer than anyone else up there. On his third390and final visit, he spent a marathon 380 days in space. In total, he391orbited the earth 11,968 times, and is beyond doubt the world's most392traveled man.393"By the time I first flew to Mir in 1992, people were already living394there. And when we arrived, we were met and greeted by the other astronauts.We knew the people on board already though, because we trained together 395396or just because they worked in the same place as us. And so we knew who'sgoing to meet us. But then again, each time it was a new experience, a 397398new team, and therefore a new atmosphere on the station. And despite the399facts that we trained for months before launch, it's very hard to imitatethe interior of the station in simulation exercises. We never really 400401understood what it was actually like or what the cosmonauts did there 402to make it a cozy home.403"I mean of course it looked well-lived-in. Apart from the things the 404cosmonauts brought themselves, and what the cargo ship delivered, we also 405inherited quite a lot of things from the previous space station. There 406were some restrictions on the amount of stuff we could take up with us 407for personal use. We were allowed a kilo and a half personal belongings 408but that's it. This could be anything you like, books, photos, good-luck charms, anything. But over time, we managed to add to this. Firstly 409410because the station has been in orbit for a long time, and most of the things people brought stayed up there. And secondly, cargo ships arrived 411412regularly, carrying parcels from Earth with books, calendars, music. And 413we had quite a large library as well. Four hundred books ranging from 414classic literature to technical and reference books. And when the 415foreigners started to fly with us, we got dictionaries, Russian-English, 416German-Russian, and so on."Some of us spent half a year there at a time, and of course it became 417418like our home, a place where you spent a significant part of your life. 419During my second and third trips, there were things there which reminded 420me of the previous trips. For instance, I celebrated New Year there three 421times! I even knew where the Christmas tree and the decorations were kept. 422"By my second flight, we had a joint program with the American shuttle, 423which brought a new module to the station, the docking sector. It was 424brand-new when we received it and completely empty. So we decided to use 425it as a kind of art gallery. The European Space Agency had organized a 426competition among European artists for their work to be exhibited in space.They sent us 15 paintings, and we put them on the walls and ceiling. And 427428when we have some time off, we love to go..."429430431Step By Step 2000 Book3 Unit02432Unit 2 World News: International Relations433434Part I Warming up1. What is the summit's statement expected to call on UN members? 435436To make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and 437education, and reverse the spread of AIDSHow many heads-of-state attended the summit? More than 1504384392. What has the former American Defense Secretary William Perry 440recommended?441A radical change of policy towards North Korea, from undermining to 442co-existing4433. Which three countries are admitted by ASEAN on Saturday?Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos4444454. What is the purpose of "Million Mom March"?446To push for tougher gun control laws4475. What happened inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo?448There's been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic 449Albanian guerrillas.6. What happened on Friday about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor? 450451A U. S. nuclear submarine tore through a Japanese fishing vessel, 452sinking it within minutes.How many people were on the vessel? And how many were missing? 35/9 4534547. How many casualties were there in the U.S. navy's bombing in Kuwait?。

Unit 1 Part I A1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1.2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2.official / language3.One billion / 20 percent4.Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5.500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6.Eighty percent / computers7.African country / same8.1,000 / Africa9.spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types”–the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?Part II A3GCSE examinations students / higher educationstudent/ second year / high school / college general exam / School Certificatesitting University Entrance Examination bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or two doctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Somekids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high school around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors”and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They will stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local school boards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages – it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French – like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” which is from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour” and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.Part III University Life A1 I. Age / Foreign student population II. 15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab) / Discussion group: 15-20 / much smaller / informal, friendly / 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average student entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average”student for ourpurposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average”student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2 II. Examinations / quizzesIII. Graduate school / Seminars / some area of interest / a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance and may even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, withregularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2 to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroomPassive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himselfHow would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?He’s eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, he immediately starts trying to use it.He’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.He’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?He plays with language.I’ve done this chapter I know this, without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll rarely ask you why this …Just sort of accepts what you give him and doesn’t do anything more with it.… and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.And peep over at his neighbor’s paper.An alternative learning strategy.He invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.That characterizes the good or bad learner?He’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.He’ll work outside the classroom as well as in it.Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University Campus A2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department 11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12.on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert Martin / biology / next fall / six years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometown / science (biology in particular), sportsSo I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.It sounds as if you’re a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.I don’t find a transcript among your papers.But it’s hard to keep up with both sports and studies.I’ll hold your application until we get the transcript.What did your guidance counselor tell you?He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I have been fascinated with science since I was a child. An interest of that kind really signifies something.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful people16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 / 5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the largest desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles. The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet. The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001.The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census,the total population was 1,243,738,000.2.The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3.And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in1997.4.Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 peoplelive there.5.Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6.Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7.The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8.Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997reached 125,638,000.9.The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was122,013,000 in 1997.10.Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people livingthere.11.The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12.And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part II1. A baby boy2.social/ ecological/ populations3.longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim willbe sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part III Awater/ 70% red or brown/ plant cover snow/ continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the developing countries?E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work. And the problems this creates are enormous. It’s estimated that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year 2000, with Sao Paulo in Brazil not far behind.I: I t’s difficult to believe.E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13 million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia? Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?E: In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in the league in 1950 is expected to be the fourth biggest city in the world with a population of 16 million- quadrupling its size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.I: What about Japan?E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that’s where it’ll be at the beginning of the nextcentury, although its population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will be in the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or Hong Kong.I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the trend of people moving out of the cities…Part IV skills /the main idea/what/recognize/central / important/direction/ purpose/inform/compare/answer/stated/a topic sentence/ first/ details/ difficult/ persuade/ end/ implied/ hinted at/a wholeUnit 3 Traveling from Place to Place PartⅠABA912/11:20/17 BA877/11:20/14 BA292/11:25/19 TW695/11:30/16 4 EA831/11:35/24 BA838/9 IB290/11:35/15 LH039/11:40/9 BA666/11:40/18 AI141/6 BA560/22 Last call for British airways flight BA912 for Tokyo. BA912 for Tokyo due to depart at 11:20 boarding at gate 17.British airways flight BA877 to Boston. British airways flight BA877 to Boston duo to depart at 11:20 boarding now at gate 14.British airways flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi. Flight BA292 for Frankfurt, Athens and Karachi duo to depart at 11:25 now board at gate 19.TWA flight, TW695to New York. TWA flight TW695 to New York departing at 11:30 boarding at gate 16.B Tea, soft drinks, coffee, Egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and chips, roast chicken, cheeseburgersTape script:Chief Steward: may I have your attention please, ladies and gentlemen? This is the chief steward speaking. We would like to inform all passengers that the buffet car is now open. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. On sale are tea, coffee and soft drinks, a selection of fresh and toasted sandwiches including egg and tomato, ham and tomato, egg and cress, roast chicken and toasted cheese; cheeseburgers, beef burgers and sausages and a licensed bar. The buffet car is situated towards the middle of the train. Thank you.PartⅡ9:15/10:30 10:30/13:30Quick/beautiful view /frequent service (hourly)/modern/comfortable/lovely view from dining car Have to get Gatwick airport/ expensive quite crowded/quite expensiveA-Annabel C-Charles D-DouglasD: Ah! That’s much better!C: Ah! That’s yours, I think…er…Doug.D: Thank you very much, Charles.C: Right. You have a good journey then, Douglas?D: Yes I did, I did. I must say the plane was marvelous, marvelous.C: Very quick, then?D: Er…the plane journey was terrifically quick…er…I mean, you…er…what…you met me about 9…er…what…er…10…10:45.C: About 10:30.。

英语听力入门S t e pb y S t e p第1册答案(老版)-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIANUNIT 1 INTRODUCTIONLesson 1Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA．Sentence StructureKey:1．b. She is a secretary.2．a. Is this your friend Jane?3．b. She is from England.4．b. John stays in London.5．b. Is this the boss?6．a. The glass is small.7．a. There are some books on the table. 8．c. That's all.B．Difficult Sentences1．----What is your address?----12 Princess Street.2．See that man near the doorHe's our boss.3．----What's that, Robert?----This Oh, it's an aspirin. I've got a headache. 4．----And where are you from?----Sydney, Australia.5．----Are you here on holiday?----Yes, I am.Part Ⅱ What Is Your NameEx．ⅠKey:1．What is the second speaker's name(a)2．Where does he live(b)3．What is his telephone number(b)4．How old is he(a)5．Is he married(b)Ex．ⅡKey: (see tapescript )Tapescript:What Is Your Name (52″)A: What is your name?B: My name is Robert Fox.A: Do you live in London?B: No, I live in Edinburgh.A: What is your address?B: 12 Princess Street.A: What is your telephone numberB: 4709.A: How old are you?B: I'm 35.A: Are you married?B: Yes, I am.A: How old is your wife?B: I don't know.Alice (40″)Hello! My name is Alice. I'm a secretary. This is my office. And this is Jane. She is a secretary, too. Listen. That's her typewriter. See that man near the doorHe's our boss. He's the editor. His name's Mr. James. Well ,it's one o'clock. Lunch time. Good-bye. Part Ⅲ RobertEx．ⅠWrite T for true and F for false.Key: 1．T 2．F 3．T 4．T 5．FEx．ⅡKey: (see tapescript)Tapescript:Robert (30″)Robert: I'm Robert Shade. I'm 28 years old, and I'm a journalist. This is Lulu.Lulu: Hello, I'm a journalist, too. I'm American. I come from New York. What's that, Robert?Robert: This Oh, it s an aspirin. I've got a headache. Lulu: Too much beer last night?Robert: Mm…Lulu: It's lunch time. Let's go to the pub. Robert: No, thank you.Where Are You From (15″)A: What's your name, pleaseB: Sheila Martin.A: And where are you from?B: Sydney, Australia.A: What's your job?B: I'm a secretary.A: Are you here on holiday?B: Yes, I am.A: Thank you. Miss Martin.Lesson 2Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA． Phonetics: Sound RecognitionKey:1．b 2．a 3．b 4．c 5．a6．c 7．a 8．b 9．b 10．c B．Sentences For Oral Repetition1．My full name is Rodney Hill Watson.2．I work downtown in a large office building. 3．----And your initials please?----P.G.Part Ⅱ Rodney Hill WatsonEx．Key: 1．a 2．b 3．b 4．a 5．aTapescript:Rodney Hill Watson (41″)My name's Rod Watson. My full name is Rodney Hill Watson. I'm Bob Watson's brother, and I live in Denver, Colorado.I live in that house over there. I live on Clayton Street. The number is 1490. My address is 1490 Clayton Street. I was born in 1937. My birthday is March 1. Bob was born in 1941.I work downtown in a large office building. I have a nice office there. I enjoy my work very much. Part Ⅲ RegisteringEx．ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex．ⅡKey: (see tapescript)Tapescript:Registering (1′27″)Dialogue 1A: What's your surname please?B: It's Wilson.A: How do you spell it please?B: W-I-L-S-O-N.A: And your initials please?B: P.G.A: What's your address please?B: 27 Grafton Street.A: How do you spell the name or the street?B: G-R-A-F-T-O-N.A: And what's your telephone number please?B: 786 9460.A: Thank you Mr. Wilson.Dialogue 2My name is Harper. H-A-R-P-E-R. Initials J.T.J-T. Got that And my address is 98. Repeat, 9-8. Ring wood Street. That's R-I-N-G-W-O-O-D, Street. Tenterden, T-E-N-T-E-R-D-E-N. Kent, K-E-N-T. J.T. Harper,98 Ring wood Street, Tenterden, Kent.UNIT 2 GOING TO SCHOOLLesson 3Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA． NumbersKey:1．53 2．65 3．27th 4．1s t 5．146．11 7．4th 8．38 9．517 10．3011．6th 12．1146 13．1616 14．1091 15．16th B． Dictation1．---- What's the room number?---- 201. On the second floor.2．He's from Ireland and he's an excellent teacher. 3．Work hard, speak English, and good luck!Part Ⅱ Where Is The English Class?Ex．Key: 1．b 2．a 3．b 4．c 5．aTapescript:Where Is The English Class (30″)Joana: Where's the English class?Paulo: On the first floor. Room 101.Joana: Are you sure?Paulo: No, I…Joana: Look, Paulo. Are those students in our class? Paulo: Maybe they are.Excuse me. Good evening. Are you in English 3? Students: Yes, we are.Paulo: What's the room number?Student 1: 201. On the second floor.Paulo: Thank you. See you there.Part Ⅲ Good LuckEx．Key:1．What is Heinz's job(b)2．Where is he learning English(c)3．Where does Francoise come from(a)4．What is she studying(a)5．Who is Mr. O'Brien(b)Tapescript:Good Luck (43″)Heinz: Hello, students of English.I'm Heinz and I'm from Bonn in Germany.I'm a doctor and I'm learning English inLondon. This is Francoise. She's a secretary from Marseilles in France and she's learning English, too.Francoise: Hello, students of English. How are you?I am very happy in London. My English class is very good. This is my teacher,Mr. O'Brien. He's from Ireland and he'san excellent teacher.Mr. O'Brien: Good evening, students of English. Work hard, speak English, and good luck! Good-bye.Lesson 4Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA． Phonetics: Sound RecognitionDrill 1Key:1．c 2．a 3．b 4．a 5．b 6．c 7．b 8．c 9．b 10．aDrill 2Key:1．Herbert 2．James 3．married 4．club5．Ireland 6．Pond 7．No.24 8．parcel9．First names, surnames 10．EdB．Difficult Sentences(see tapescript)Part Ⅱ Here Comes Tony (Ⅰ)Ex．Key: (see tapescript)Tapescript:Here Comes Tony (Ⅰ) (33″)Ann: Look, here comes Tony.David: I wonder if he's coming in this direction?Allen: Ask him!Ann: Good afternoon, Tony.Tony: Hi, Ann, David, Allen. Did you just get out of school?Allen: Yeh?Tony: Why so early?David: Early It's three o'clock now.Ann: Yeh, school starts at 8:45 in the morning and ends at 3 in the afternoon. Tony: You people are lucky!David: It's nothing special. It's the usual time.Part Ⅲ Here Comes Tony (Ⅱ)Ex．ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex．ⅡKey:1．What is Tony doing(c)2．When is Tony s mother going to register him(b)Tapescript:Here Comes Tony (Ⅱ) (34″)Tony: In my country, we go to school from eight o'clock in the morning until five in the afternoon. Ann: Five days a week, too?Tony: Actually, five and a half. On Saturday, there is only a half day.Allen: Gosh!Ann: That's too much.David: Where are you heading now?Tony: I beg your pardon?Ann: Oh, he meant to ask you where are you going now?Tony: Oh, well, I'm going to try to find out where the school is located.David: When do you begin to go to school?Tony: My mother said, she is going to register me tomorrow.Ann: That's good!UNIT 3 MEETING STRANGERSLesson 5Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA. Sentence StructureKey:1．a．I've caught a fish.2．a．Green is the colour.3．b．Is he going to go4．c．Who do you want5．b．She was in a phone box.6．c．Is that you7．b．They caused trouble.8．b．School starts at 8:35 in the morning. 9．a．Where are you going to stay10．a．A cousin of mine went to Spain last year. B． Difficult Sentences1．----Goodness me! Your English is very good.----I wouldn't say that. There's still a loi for me to learn.2． I hope you'll also enjoy your stay in England.Part Ⅱ Next- Door NeighboursEx．Key: 1．a 2．a 3．b 4．b 5．cTapescript:Next- Door Neighbours (53〃)Mr. Taylor is or. a ship. He is going to America.He is talking to a strangerTaylor: Do you live in LondonStranger: Yes, I do. I live in Hampstead.Taylor: Hampstead! I live in Hampstead, too. Lon-don's a funny place. I don't know my next-door neighbour.Stranger: I live in Pond Street.Taylor: That's funny! I live in Pond Street, too.Stranger: I live at No. 24 Pond Street.Taylor: I live at No. 23! You're my next-door neighbour! My name's Taylor.Stranger: My name's Bennett.Taylor: How do you doStrangerPart Ⅲ On A London BusEx．Key:1．Where is the student fromFrom Spain.2．How long has he been learning EnglishFor three years.3．What does the woman think of his EnglishVery good.4．How long is he going to stay in EnglandAnother two months.5．Where is the woman's cousin nowIn Spain.Tapescript:On A London Bus (1〃)Old Woman: Lovely day, isn't itStudent: Oh, yes. Beautiful.Old Woman: You're not English, are youStudent: No, I'm from Spain.Old Woman: How long have you been learning English? Student: For three years now.Old Woman: For three years Goodness me! Your English is very good. Student: I wouldn't say that. There's still a lot for me to learn.Old Woman: How long are you going to stay in this countryStudent: Another two months. Then I'll have to go back to Spain to start work.Old Woman: A cousin of mine went to Spain last year. He's an engineer, you know.Student: Really What did he think of SpainOld Woman: He must like it very much, because he hasn't come back yet. I hope you'll also enjoy your stay in England.Student: Thank you. I'm sure I will.Lesson 6Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA．Sentence StructureKey:l．Mr. Anderson has just come from Canada. Wherehas Mr. Anderson just come from (a)2．Mr. Anderson has come to see Miss Morrison. Who has Mr. Anderson come to see (c)3．Mr. Anderson has brought a parcel from Kate's parents. What has Mr. Anderson brought (b)4．Bob goes home from school at noon. When does Bob go home(b)5．She studied her lessons last night. What did she do last night(a)6．Jack and Sue were in the library this morning. Where were they this morning(b)7．Bill is from America and Jane isn't. Where is Bill from(c)8．The students have a Chinese class at nine. When do they have a Chinese class9．Mary telephoned Jack yesterday. Who did Mary telephone yesterday(a)10．She read the book quickly. How did she read the book(c)B．Sentences For Oral Repetition1．I can leave the parcel with you, can't I?2．Don't call me Mr. Anderson. Everybody calls me Mike. First names are more friendly than surnames, aren't theyPart Ⅱ A New Friend (Ⅰ)Ex．Key: (see tapescript)Tapescript:A New Friend (Ⅰ) (36〃）(Michael knocks at the door.)Michael: Good evening. I've come to see Miss Morrison.Penny: Oh! Good evening. I'm sorry, but she's not in. She's gone out to the theatre. Michael: Oh! I've just come from Canada and I've brought a parcel from her parents. penny: Please come in.Michael: But you're busy, aren't you?Penny: I was getting my supper but I've finished now.Michael: I can leave the parcel with you, can't IPenny: Oh! Yes.Part Ⅲ A New Friend (Ⅱ)Ex．Key: l．c 2．a 3．c 4．b 5．bTapescript:A New Friend (Ⅱ) (1＇5″)Penny: I'm Kate's cousin. My name's Penny Conway.Michael: Of course! Mrs. Morrison is your aunt. She told me about you. Your mother lives near Plymouth, doesn't shePenny: Yes, that's right.Michael: Your father works for the government, and you work in a television studio.Penny: You know a lot about me, don't you But you're not Canadian, are youMichael: No. I was studying and working in Canada for two years. I enjoyed myself there. I was living very near the Morrisons They were very kind to me. But I must tell you my name. I'm Michael Anderson.Penny: How do you do Please take your coat off and sit down, Mr. Anderson.Michael: Don't call me Mr. Auderson. Everybody calls me Mike. First names are more friendly than surnames, aren't they?Penny: Yes, they are. Would you like some supper, Mike?Michael: Thank you.UNIT 4 SEEING FRIENDSLesson 7Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA．Phonetics: RhymingKey:1．how (c) 2．clock (b) 3．Jane (b)4．man (a) 5．night (c) 6．beer (a)7．those (c) 8．school (b) 9．find (a)10．ship (c) 11．look (a) 12．street (a)13．wife (c) 14．snow (a) 15．good (b)16．lead (a) 17．give (b) 18．fix (a)19．there (b) 20．rate (b)B．DictationMr. Smith comes to the Watsons' home for dinner. He rings the bell and Mrs. Watson answers. They havenot seen each other for some time.Part Ⅱ A Song----Welcome To My PartyEx.Ⅰ.Ex. Ⅱ.Key:1．you, do, too 2．town 3．floor 4．beerTapescript :A Song----Welcome To My Party (1＇45〃)This is John and this is Sue.Hello, how are you?How do you do?Sue's from England, and John is, too.We're very pleased to meet you.Welcome to my party.Come in and sit down.Welcome to my party, andWelcome to my town,Welcome to my town.Hello, John. Hello, Sue.My name's Tom.How do you do?This is my house, and my party, too.I'm very pleased to meet you. (chorus)Come in and sit down.Close the door.Take a seat or sit on the floor.You and your friends are welcome here.Have a glass of beer. (chorus)Part Ⅲ The Dinner GuestEx. ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex. ⅡKey:1．Bill.2．Barbara.3．Mr. Watson, Barbara Watson, Tom Watson and Ellie Watson. Tapescript:The Dinner Guest (1＇)Mr. Smith comes to the Watsons' home for dinner. He rings the bell and Mrs. Watson answers. They have not seen each other for some time.Mr. Smith: Barbara! It's good to see you again. How are you?Mrs. Watson: Fine, Bill. And how are you?Mr. Smith: Just fine. Where are Ellie and Tom?Mrs. Watson: Tom's in bed. And Ellie's in her room.(calls)Ellie! Ellie! Mr. Smith is here.Ellie: Yes, Mother.(Ellie comes into the room.)Mrs. Watson: Ellie, this is Mr. Smith. He's an old friend.Ellie: Hello, Mr. Smith.Mr. Smith: Hello, Ellie. You're a big girl now!(Mr. Watson comes in.)Mr. Watson: Hello, Bill. It's good to see you.Mrs. Watson: Please come in and sit down.Lesson 8Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA．Sentence StructureKey:1．Ben is playing baseball and Kim is taking a piano lesson. Who is playing baseball(b)2．Peggy works as a teacher in a high school. What does Peggy do(c)3．The boys started school in September. When did they start school(a)4．John met Sue at Tom's party. Where did John meet Sue(b)5．The Watsons go to the theatre every Sunday. Howoften do they go to the theatre(c)6．Dick is going to bring us some crackers in a minute. What is he going to bring us(a)7．Henry found his book on the floor. Where did Henry find his book(c)8．My uncle went to the city by bus yesterday morning. How did he go to the city(b)9．Mike bought some cheese because he liked it. Why did he buy some cheese(c)l0．Jack travels all over Europe and sells office equipment. What does Jack sell(a)B．Difficult Sentences1．Excuse me, Ed. I'll fix some cheese and crackers for us. I'll be back in a minute.2．I've got a job in a company that sells office equipment----paper, typewriters----you know the sort of thing.Part Ⅱ Ed Comes For DinnerEx. ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex. ⅡKey: (see tapescript)Ed Comes For Dinner (1＇10〃)It's Friday evening and Mr. Nakamura (Ed) has been invited to the Norrises' for dinner. He approaches the house and rings the doorbell.(doorbell rings)Dick: I'll answer it. That's Ed.(opens door)Hi, Ed. Good to see you. Come in.Peggy: Why, Ed. How good you look! It's nice to see you again.Dick: Come in. Sit down. Make yourself at home.Ed: Where are the children?Peggy: Ben's playing baseball tonight. And Kim's taking a piano lesson. She'll be home soon. Dick: Excuse me, Ed. I'll fix some cheese and crackers for us. I'll be back in a minute.Peggy: Do you still work for the government?Ed: No. I'm with the International Institute of Health.Peggy: What do you do there, Ed?Ed: I do research. It's a very interesting place to work.Peggy: Oh, I'm sure it is.Ed: Are you working now, Peggy?Peggy: I teach Spanish in a high school. I like it very much … Oh, here's Dick.Dick: Here we are. This is for you, Ed. And this is for you, Peggy.Part Ⅲ Old Friends MeetEx. ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex. ⅡKey: (see tapescript)Tapescript:Old Friends Meet (1＇35〃)Michael was walking along the street the other day. Suddenly he heard somebody shouting his name. He stopped and looked round. A young man was running after him. It was Jack Evans. Michael andJack went to the same school and the same university. But they hadn't met each other since then. They decided to have lunch together. They went into the nearest restaurant and sat at the table by the window.(In the restaurant)Jack: It's good to see you again. You are an engineer, aren't you Did you stay in England after you left the universityMichael: No, I worked in Canada for two years. It's a good place.Jack: That sounds interesting, but I'm sure you are glad to be back. What have you been doing since you came back?Michael: I've been seeing old friends, visiting my family, buying things for my new flat and just having a holiday.Jack: Haven't you got another job?Michael: Yes, I started a week ago. But what about youJack: I've got a job in a company that sells office equipment----paper, typewriters----you know the sort of thing. It may sound rather dull, but I'm a sales-man and I've been travelling all over Europe for the last two years. I'm still travelling and still selling. I like working abroad.UNIT 5 TALKING ABOUT FAMILIESLesson 9Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA．Letters: English Family NamesKey:1．Smith 2．Johnson 3．Brown4．Williams 5．Miller 6．gones7．Davis 8．Anderson 9．Wilson10．Taylor 11．Thomas 12．Moore13．White 14．Martin 15．ThompsonB．Sentences For Oral RepetitionMr. Fuller is talking with his friend Professor Martin. They have not seen each other for a long time. They are looking at a picture of Professor Martin's family. Mr. Fuller is asking Professor Martin some questions .Professor Martin is answering.Part Ⅱ Professor Martins FamilyEx. Ⅰ1．What is Mr. Martin's job?2．What does Jack do3．What does Mary teachKey: (see tapescript)Ex. ⅡKey: (see tapescript)Tapescript:Professor Martin's Family (42〃)Mr. Fuller is talking with his friend, Professor Martin. They have not seen each other for a long time. They are looking at a picture of Professor Martin's family. Mr. Fuller is asking Professor Martin some questions. Professor Martin is answering.Mr. Fuller: Are you a professor now Prof. Martin: Yes, I am. I'm a law professor .Mr. Fuller: Is this a picture of your family Prof. Martin: Yes, it is. Mr. Fuller: Is that your brother?Prof. Martin: Yes, it is. That's Jack.Mr. Fuller: Is he a doctor now?Prof. Martin: Yes, he is.Mr. Fuller: Is that Mary?Prof. Martin: Yes, it is. She's a teacher. Mr. Fuller: Is she an English teacher Prof. Martin: No, she's a science teacher.Part Ⅲ The Porter FamilyEx. ⅠKey:William Porter 87; Catherine Porter 80; John Porter 53; Susan 48; Mary Porter----; Mary's husband----; James Porter 24; Joan Lee 17.Ex. Ⅱ1．Who is a lawyer?2．Who is an architect?Key:1．John Porter. 2．Susan.Tapescript:The Porter Family (36〃)Mr. William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs.Catherine Porter is 80. Mr. Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister. John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer. His wife Susan is 48, and she's an architect. James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17.Lesson 10Part Ⅰ Warming-up Exercises A．Phonetics: Sound RecognitionDrill 1Key:1．a 2．a 3．b 4．a 5．c6．a 7．a 8．b 9．b 10．cDrill 2Key:1．studio 2．Miss Parson 3．your father's will 4．Berne 5．lose 6．trains7．long 8．horses 9．boats10．correctB．Sentences For Oral Repetition1．John Wenger lives in Philadelphia. That's a large city in the eastern part of the United States. Philadelphia is in the state of Pennsylvania.2．John hopes to enter the field of medicine.Part Ⅱ John WengerEx. ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex. ⅡKey:1．On May 9, 1953.2．In Philadelphia.3．The University of Pennsylvania.4．No.5．To enter the field of medicine.Tapescript:John Wenger (1＇)John Wenger lives in Philadelphia. That's a large city in the eastern part of the United States. Philadelphia is in the state of Pennsylvania.Mrs. Wenger, John's mother, was born in Germany on September 9, 1933. She speaks German, Polish and French ----and English, too, of course. John's father was born in Berne, Switzerland on November 12, 1931. He speaks French, German, Italian and English.John's mother and father were married on May 9, 1953. His mother was twenty years old and his father was twenty-two.John was born in Philadelphia on June 4, 1954. He's twenty-two now and attends the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. John speaks English of course, and he reads French and German quite well, but he does not speak these two languages. John hopes to enter the field of medicine.Part Ⅲ A Song----Are You Driving In The RainEx. ⅠEx. ⅡKey: sixteen, queen; grey, today; hair, there; street, seat; Jane, rain; floor, door; tree, me Tapescript:A Song----Are You Driving In The Rain?(1＇30〃)This is my sister. She's sixteen.This is my picture of the Queen.This is my dog. He is old and grey.This is my lesson for today.That's my mum with a rose in her hair. That's my brother standing there.That's my bicycle in the street.That's the wheel. That's the seat.Whose bike are you riding?Is it Sam's, or Dave's, or Jane's Whose car are you drivingAre you driving in the rain Are you driving in the rainThose are my books on the floor.Those are my shoes near the door.Those are my apples on the tree.Those are my uncles looking at me.Whose bike are you ridingIs it Sam's, or Dave's, or Jane'sWhose car are you driving?Are you driving in the rainAre you driving in the rainUNIT 6 FINDING THE WAYLesson 11Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA. Sentence StructureKey:1. Did they study last night(a)2． Is she living in New York(b)3． Does he want a soupspoon(a)4． Where did they study(c)5． Bill is studying in the language lab． (a) 6． Who is using my typewriter(c)7． When are you going to the show(c)8． What is she going to do(b)9． They rarely go dancing. (b)10． Is Maria a studentB. Difficult Sentences1． You walk about a hundred yards, and the Granada Cinema is on your left．2． You tell me what she's wearing and we can both look．3． Will Harry Smith please go to the manager's office on the ground floor where your mother is waiting for you．4． There you are． I said she'd been looking for you．Part Ⅱ Can You Tell Me The WayEx．ⅠEx．ⅡTapescript:Can You Tell Me The Way (30 ")A: Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the Granada Cinema?B: You go along this street. You take the first on your left. You walk about a hundred yards, and the Granada Cinema is on your left.A: Wait a minute. I go along the street. I take the first on my left, walk about a hundred yards, and the Granada Cinema is on my left.B: That's right.A: Thank you very much.Part Ⅲ Looking For MotherEx．ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex．ⅡTapescript:Looking For Mother(2′17″)Smith: Excuse me, is this a bankSallice : What?Smith: Is this a bankSallice: A bank No, it isn't.Smith: Oh.Sallice: It's a department store.Smith: Oh, where's the bankSallice: Which bank Are you all aloneSmith: No, my mummy is here.Sallice: Where is sheSmith: I don't know.Sallice: Are you looking for herSmith: Mm ...Sallice: Where did she go Did you lose herSmith: I was looking at the trains and ... and ...Sallice: Now you mustn't cry. She'll come back. We'll find her.Smith: I turned round and she wasn't there.Sallice: Well, she can't be far away, can she Can sheSmith: We were going to the bank.Sallice: Now, we can't find her if you're crying. There, that's better. I expect she's looking for you, too. What's your name?Smith: Harry Smith.Sallice: Really My name's Harry, too. Harry Sallice. You were going to the bankSmith: Yes.Sallice: Have you been looking for her long?Smith: Um, about ten minutes.Sallice: Well, she can't be very far away. What's wearing You tell me what she's wearing and can both look. Is she wearing a coatSmith: Yes.Sallice: What colour is itSmith: Er ... blue.Sallice: Was she wearing a hatSmith: Um.(Will Harry Smith please go to the manager's office on the ground floor where your mother is waiting for you.)Sallice: There you are. I said she'd been looking for you. Come on. Let's go and find her.Lesson 12Part Ⅰ Warming-up ExercisesA． Sentence StructureDrill 1Key:1． I went to France last year.2． He wore this tie a week ago.3． We invited Simon to lunch last Saturday. 4． John had lunch an hour ago.5. The war ended in 1945.6． I gave the books to Peter.7． He lent the hammer to Mr. Williams.8． She bought that tie for Uncle Tom.9． He's bringing that ice-cream for that fat boy. 10． I'm writing this card to my brother.Drill 2Key:1．The students have a class at nine.2． Mary eats lunch in the dorm at noon.3． Was Ted late to class4． Her friends weren't at the dorm.5． One teacher is from New York; the others are from Chicago.B．Difficult Sentences1． When you come out of the station, turn left and walk until you reach the traffic lights.2． At school, they had been well-taught, but not so well that they could divide seventeen by two, seventeen by three, seventeen by nine, and still obey their father's will.Part Ⅱ Finding Your wayEx．ⅠKey: church. traffic lights, Stamp Street, cinema, school, St. Johns Street1． station 2． traffic lights 3． St. Johns Street 4． cinema5． Stamp Street 6．school 7． churchEx．ⅡKey： (see tapescript)Tapescript:Finding Your way (56")It is not very difficult to find your way from the station to the school. When you come out of the station, turn left and walk until you reach the traffic lights. Turn left again. You will be on St. Johns Street. Keep walking until you come to the cinema. Just after the cinema, there is a very narrow street on the left. This is Stamp Street. The school is about two hundred yards down this street on the right. There is a church opposite.Part Ⅲ A Short Story ---- The WillEx．ⅠKey: (see tapescript)Ex．ⅡWrite T for true and F for false.Key: 1．T 2．T 3．F 4．T 5．FTapescript:。

Unit 12 DictationItem 1Different people have different ways of learning. We call this your “learning style,” and it’s based on your senses. To learn, you need to use your different senses－hearing, seeing, touching, etc., to bring information to your brain. Now, most people use one of their senses more than the others.Some people learn best by listening. They are called hearing learners. And others learn best by reading or looking at pictures. They are called visual learners. And some learn by touching and doing things. They are called tactile learners. Now scientists don’t know why people use one sense more than the others. Maybe the sense they use most just works best for them.Item 2Today, we tell about one of the most famous national parks in the United States. It is one of the most beautiful places in the country. Yosemite National Park is a place of extremes. It has high mountains. It has valleys formed by ancient ice that cut deep into the Earth millions of years ago. Water from high in the mountains falls in many places to the green valley far below. There are thirteen beautiful waterfalls in Yosemite Valley. One of these waterfalls, Yosemite Falls, is the fifth highest on earth. Yosemite has a beautiful slow-moving river and large grassy areas where you can see wild animals.Item 3America’s national road system makes it possible to drive coast to coast. From the Atlantic Ocean in the east of the Pacific Ocean in the west is a distance of more than 4,000 kilometers. Or you could drive more than two thousand kilometers and go from the Canadian border south to the Mexican border. The highway system has made it possible for people to work n a city and live outside it. And it has made it possible for people to travel easily and quickly from one part of the country to another.Item 4The way you look at someone conveys important cultural messages. Without your even knowing it, your gaze speaks volumes. “The eyes are the window of the soul,” according to the old saying. Staring is acceptable in some cultures but not in others. A wink can mean a compliment or an insult, depending on the culture. A direct gae can be a sign of honesty or an indication of disrespect and rudeness, according to the culture that surrounds the gazer. The way a person gazes thus expresses a strong message, but this message can be easily misunderstood if cultural norms are not shared.Item 5This time of the year Americans spend lots of time shopping for holiday gifts for their family members and friends. Many people visit a lot of stores in large shopping centers to buy their gifts. Others order goods by telephone from catalogues, the magazines that offer company’s products. And many are doing their holiday shopping on the internet. Industry try experts say American businesses should have about 184,000 million dollars in sales during November and December. Sixty-three percent of people who use the Internet say they expect to buy at least some gifts there.Item 6IOC stands for International Olympic Committee, which governs the Olympics in general. It was founded in Paris on 23 June 1894. Its headquarters are in the Swiss city of Lausanne. Its official languages are English and French. IOC members come from five different continents: Africa, America, Asia, Europe and Oceania. They choose Olympic cities six y ears in advance. All the Olympic movement’s rules are contained in a book called The Olympic Charter. There’s an Olympic Museum and Studies Center in Lausanne. It contains posters, documents, medals, books, photos, paintings, films and sculptures.Item 7There are far too many road accidents in this country, too many deaths and too many people injured. One wonders who are most to blame, drivers or pedestrians. Some people say that the blame cannot be put fairly without considering the state of the roads and the whole transport system. On the other hand, many experts are convinced that the larger part of the blame for the death toll must be put on persons and persons alone. To be fair, pedestrians, drivers and road conditions are all to blame. One looks forward to the day when the motor-car has been replaced by some less dangerous means of transport.Item 8Petroleum has been important since ancient times. In Latin, the name means “rock oil.” Petroleum is a fossil fuel. The liquid comes from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago. These remains were buried deep below levels of rock over time and under great pressure. This geological process created complex molecules of hydrogen and carbon. Oil can also contain other elements. Crude oil, or unprocessed petroleum, is called sour when it contains a lot of sulfur, an impurity. Sour crude requires more refining than sweet crude, which is often more valuable.Item 9In September of 2000, world leaders set eight goals for bringing millions of people out of poverty. These became known as the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Among them: cut in half the number of people living on less than one dollar a day and halt the spread of AIDS and malaria. The goals also include improving survival rates for pregnant women and young children, and educating all children. Working for equality between women and men and dealing with environmental needs like safe water also are included. The target date for reaching the goals is 2015.Item 10One way to think about time is to imagine a world without time. There could be no movement, because time and movement cannot be separated. A world without time could exist only as long as there were no changes. For time and change are linked. We know that time has passed when something changes. In the real world, the world with time, changes never stop. Some changes happen only once in a while, like an eclipse of the moon. Others happen repeatedly, like the rising and setting of the sun. Humans always have noted natural events that repeat themselves. When people began to count such events, they began to measure time.Item 11The World Future Society has published a special report about forces changing the world. One of them is population growth. The report says the world is expected to have more than nine thousand million people by the middle of this century. Population growth in many industrial nations, however, is expected to drop. But medical progress helps their people to live longer lives. International migration is also shaping the future. The report says there is some resistance, but also growing acceptance of cultural differences. The world economy is also becoming more integrated. On the issue of energy, the use of oil is expected to reach 110 million barrels a day by 2020.。

Step by step 3000Book 2Unit 12DictationItem oneJudith Wallerstein studied 93 children over a generation. Her findings haven'tbeen published in a medical journal, only in her book.She says children of divorce are more likely to abuse drugs,and that40percentof them avoid marriage themselves. When they do marry, fail at nearly twice theusual rate.Wallerstein's families divorced a generation ago.Times have changed and withthem the attitude toward divorce and the attention to divorce's innocent victims.“In our parents'generation people who got divorced didn't talk about it,theywere embarrassed by it.”Programs like Kid's Turn try to mitigate some of the effects of divorce withfamily counseling. So the next generation more aware of the trauma maybe betterequipped to handle it.Item twoMondays are generally seen as the worst day of the week because people feelgrumpy and tired at having to go back to work after a weekend with a different sleeppattern.Item threeItem fourCollege graduation brings both the satisfaction of academic achievement andthe expectation of a well-paying job. But for 6,000 graduates at San Jose State thisyear, there's uncertainty as they enter one of the worst job markets in decades.RyanStewart has a freshly minted degree in religious studies, but no job prospects.1 / 4When the class of 2003 entered college the future never looked brighter.the four years they've been here, the world outside these gates has changeddramatically.Ryan Stewart may just end up going back to school.“I'd like to teach college some day and that requires going to more school,which would be great in a bad economy.”To some students a degree may not be the ticket to instant wealth. For now,they can only hope that its value will increase over time.Item fiveThe hospital asked Doctor Urbani to help identify an unusual infection. Herecognized it as a new threat. He made sure other hospitals increased their infection-control measures.On March 11th, Doctor Urbani developed signs of severe acute respiratorysyndrome. Fourdays later, the World Health Organization declared it a worldwidehealth threat.Carlo Urbani was the first doctor to warn the world of the disease thatknown as SARS. He died of it on March 29th, 2003. He was 46 years old. Item sixLance Armstrong was born on September 18, 1971. Athletic from the start,Lance became a professional athlete by the age of nce entered this first Tour deFrance in 1995.Unfortunately,in October of 1996,everything nce wasdiagnosed with testicular cancer. With chances of recovery less than 50%, Lancebegan a course of treatment that would include two surgeries and chemotherapy.Remarkably,though,just five months after his initial diagnoses, Lancewas back on a bike rebuilding the strength he had lost. Lance went on to fully recoverand, amazingly, win the Tour de France a record seven times since his bout withcancer.He is a beacon of hope and source of inspiration.Item seven2 / 4Item eightA number of big chain stores in China are trying to popularize cotton shoppingbags to reduce the amount of plastic ones being thrown away. However, the China Youth Daily reports that the cotton shopping bags are notselling well,because people still prefer free plastic ones.The paper says it's not wise to charge for these cotton bags, and supermarketsshould think about how to encourage customers to use them by making it moreconvenient and cheaper. The paper suggests that supermarkets provide the cottonbags for free and encourage people to reuse them.Meanwhile, the paper also gives advice on how to reduce costs for supermarkets selling these cotton shopping bags.It says they should encouragedonations from businesses to print advertisements on the sides.Item nineMore than 160,000 people died or disappeared in northern Sumatra onDecember 26, 2004,when towering waves battered the coast. Tens of thousandsmore perished in a dozen countries surrounding the Indian Ocean. With the help of international donors and aid organizations,Indonesia has builtmore than 100,000 houses to replace those destroyed in the disaster. That putshousing reconstruction threemonths ahead of schedule. Teams are on target to finish20,000 more by next April.Other new construction includes 2,000 kilometers of roads and about 800schools.International donors have spent $4.6billion to rebuild Aceh.The Multi-DonorFund was scheduled to finish it's activities in 2010, but now plans to extend workuntil 2012 to help with the transition.Item ten3 / 4A new report says the number of boys born in the United States and Japan hasdecreased every year since 1970.The report says the reason for the decrease isunclear.But is says environmental and other influences might be involved.Item eleven4 / 4。

Unit 1 Happy Family LifePart I Warming up / 1Part II All you need is love? / 4Part III First meetings / 9Part IV A Valentine story / 12Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping PersonalityPart I Warming up / 15 Part II Self-esteem / 19Part III How to deal with depression and anger? / 22 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 25 Represent the Ideas Clear and Clean ?OutliningUnit 3 All Can SucceedPart I Warming up / 27Part II The road to success / 30Part III Good better best / 34Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 38Unit 4 Getting Ready for the Future CareerPart I Warming up / 41Part II Painting for pay / 46Part III Choosing a career / 49Part IV My pet hate / 52Unit 5 Creative MindsPart I Warming up / 55 Part II Scientists of the millennium (I) / 60 Part III Scientists of the millennium (II) / 63 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 66Letting Things Go桽peed and VocabularyUnit 6 Its Great to Be a ChampionPart I Warming up / 68Part II They are the champion! / 72Part III Luck in the hat / 76Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 79Unit 7 Leisure TimePart I Warming up / 82Part II Mozart's music still alive today / 86Part III The man with the horn / 89Part IV Bank Holiday DIY / 92Unit 8 Everybody Can Help the EnvironmentPart I Warming up / 94Part II Campaign California Re-Leaf / 97Part III PBS梐biodegradable plastic product / 100 Part IV Short talks on listening skills / 102The "Inverted Pyramid" in News ReportingUnit 9 News I: DisastersPart I Warming up / 104Part II News items / 108Part III Torrential storms in Kenya / 111Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 114Unit 10 News II: HealthPart I Warming up / 117Part II Hand washing / 123Part III Lifestyle & environmental factors vs cancers / 125Part IV Doctors on the Internet / 127Unit 11 News IlkPart I Warming up / 131Part II Astronomers discover solar system / 136Part III Compton Gamma Ray Observatory / 137Part IV Language study and language appreciation / 139Uit t 12 Dictation / 141 Vocabulary /147isiiPartHappy Family LifeWarming upKey words: family nameageVocabulary: architect Wales Supply the missing information about the Porter family according to what you hear. Family TreeName: Susan Age: 48Name: John Porter Age: 53Name: James Porter Age: 24Tape script;The Porter FamilyMr. William Porter is very old. He's 87. And Mrs Catherine Porter is 80. Mr Porter is from Wales. John Porter and Mary are brother and sister. John Porter is 53 and he's a lawyer. His wife Susan is 48, and she's an architect. James Porter and Joan Lee are cousins. James Porter is 24 and Joan Lee is 17.Key words:dates specific protect talk understand respectVocabulary:fatigue / foxhole / distracted / abuseYou are going to hear some ideas that may help make a marriage work. Listen carefully. Complete the following seven tips, and decide whether you agree or disagree with the speaker. Check the appropriate box.Tips for a happy marriage Agree Disagreej Go on dates uith each other. Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together. Be as specific as you can vhen you complain, make a re-quest, or offer praise.When stressed by fatigue or your oiun insecurities, y imagine you and your partner in a foxhole, surrounded by danger. Instead of striking, out at your partner, find a way to protect the partnership!^ When you feel "distant," talk about it uith your part -ner.Be assured that partners in alt marriages sometimes gettired, irrital>le, or distracted. Work together to under -stand each other.Respect each other. Leave if danger exists. Find profes- signal help ifphysical, sexual, emotional, or verbal abuse occurs.Fight to " understand," not to " win." Tapescript;Here are a few general ideas I believe help make a marriage work;Go on dates with each other. Renew romantic feelings by spending special time together.Be as specific as you can when you complain, make a request, or of-fer praise. When stressed by fatigue or your own insecurities, imagine you and your partner in a foxhole, surrounded by danger. Instead of striking out at your partner, find a way to protect the partnership!When you feel "distant," talk about it with your partner.Be assured that partners in all marriages sometimes get tired, irritable, or distracted. Work together to understand each other.Respect each other. Leave if danger exists. Find professional help if physical, sexual, emotional, or verbal abuse occurs.Fight to "understand," not to "win. "Key words:losing "lose-lose solutions control Vocabulary:attest / excel / reside in / configuration / spouseHere is a passage about how to excel in the art of domestic argument. Supply the missing words while listening.Tapescript:Having been married for more than 40 years, I can attest to the truth of the following statement: To excel in the art of domestic argument, one must master the art of losing.Modern psychologists are taken with the "win -win" solution. But in marriage, success resides more in "lose-lose" solutions. Out of these, both parties can win. For in the love configuration, losing gives a gift that always returns.The issues that people argue over most in marriage, such as how to spend money, often aren't the real ones. The key issue is: Who is going to be in control? When I was younger, my need to control arose out of fear, a lack of trust, insecurity. The day I finally realized I didn't need to control my wife 梩hat, indeed, I ought not to control her, that I couldn't control her, and that if I tried to, I would destroy our marriage ?was the day our marriage began.What is it we want most from a marriage? To love and be loved. To be happy and secure. To grow to discover. A love relationship is the gar-den in which we plant, cultivate and harvest the most precious of crops, our own self, and in which our spouse is provided the same rich soil in which to bloom.Part JJWe cannot obtain what we want unless our partner also gets what he or she wants. So remember; if you want to feel loved and respected, give up control.All you need is love?Key words: social backgrounds race ethnic religion Vocabulary:pre-industrial / propose / criterionYou are going to hear a report on how people in different parts of the world choose their mates.A1 Before listening, think about some of the qualities you would look for in a mate.A2 As you listen, try to write down the three main criteria people usually maintain for choosing a mate. 1: Having similar social backgrounds. 2: Having the same race or same ethnic background. 3: Having the same religion.A3 Listen again. Answer the questions.Why does the speaker say that some of the past practices related to marriage customs are weakening?Japan / 9. 2% / arranged marriagesWhy does the speaker say that the races are still largely separate in marriage in the U. S. ?3% / between blacks and whitesTapescript;Many people in Western cultures choose their own wives and hus -bands. In many other cultures, spouses are often chosen by the parents. In China and Japan before this century (20 th century) , upper -class mar-riages were arranged by the older males. In many cultures in the Middle East, Asia, and pre -industrial Europe, the man's family negotiated a "bride price" with the woman's family; the man's family was expected to pay it. In Hindu India, the bride's family paid a" groom's price" to the family of the man. These customs are weakening; for instance, only 9.2 percent of Japanese marriages are now arranged.What are the criteria for choosing mates? Most marriages 梬hether arranged by families or occurring from personal attraction or love 梐re based on similar social backgrounds. In other words, the man and the woman come from the same social class (or else a class that is only slightly higher or slightly lower). Among many people in Egypt, key members of the man's family must go to the family of the woman and propose mar -riage. These family members must be able to show that the man's family is at least of the same social class as the woman and that a certain amount of money exists to allow the marriage to go forward.Having the same race or the same ethnic background is the second main criterion for marriage throughout the world. In the U. S. , where there are many different races, only 3 percent of all marriages are between blacks and whites, meaning that the races are still largely separate in marriage.In many countries, marriage is also based on the woman and man having the same religion; this is a third common criterion for choosing a mate. In cultures in which religion is a very strong value, marriages would often not take place if there were religious differences.Key words:physical appearance fall in love loving somebodyVocabulary:sustain / differentiateBarbara CartlandListen to a dialogue that discusses personal and family relationships.Complete the following main ideas expressed by the second speaker.Unfortunately, perhaps in the initial stages it's the physical appearancethat attracts.In fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is important. You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is.In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on, the idea of falling in love is always emphasized. ?In fact I think we can proba-bly lay there the blame for the high percentage of divorces.I think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody, which I see as more superficial, and loving somebody, which I see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts.Tapescript;A: What do you think it is that attracts people to each other, that makes people want to be together?B: I think that perhaps unfortunately in the initial stages it's the physical appearance that attracts. I think unless you find somebody attractive, unless there's something about them 梚t could only perhaps be the way they smile or they laugh, or a twinkle in their eye, or the way a curl falls over their forehead. But something like that has to make you interested enough to find out more about that person, unless that's there I think you just don't bother. So initially physical attraction 1 think is all -important.A: Why do you say"unfortunately"?B: Because in fact it shouldn't be what somebody looks like that is im-portant. You should be able to look beyond the physical appearance and see what sort of a person he or she is, whether they're selfish or selfless, whetherthey're kind, caring. But I think initially you're not bothered with that. That comes perhaps later.A: In pop songs and magazines and newspapers and so on, the idea of fallingin love is always emphasized, so people have this idea that you have to fall in love. Do you think this is misleading for people? Do you think people expect something that in fact doesn't exist?B: Yes I do, in fact I think we can probably lay the blame for the high percentage of divorces 梚t's a third I think now, isn't it? I think one inthree people get divorced. Probably as far as I can see it, the reason is that they go into marriage or into a relationship with a very romantic view of love which I think has been created by the pop songs, by all the love stories, by the Barbara Cartland novels, etc. , that young peo -ple read. Really, you meet someone, you fall in love, and that's it, it's the beginning, they live happilyever after. And I think that's the problem, because people just expect that, and it's not like that. A: So what is it, do you think, that really sustains a relationship, that keeps a relationship going? B: Well, 1 think you have to differentiate between falling in love with somebody, which I see as more superficial, and loving somebody, which 1 see as a deeper emotion and one that perhaps lasts. Falling in love is superficial attraction, being attracted to somebody physically, having fun together, whereas loving somebody I think is an emotion that grows, it comes with shared experiences, perhaps enjoying doing the same things together, shared hobbies, shared interests, suffering together as well, going through the bad times, helping each other, supporting each other. I think all that needs time to grow, and I'd call that love, and I think that's what makes a relationship last.Key words:"just -right wife physical qualities athletic sports qualities nationalities Vocabulary:vow / upper portion / designer clothingNow you are going to hear some views on men's "just -right" wives. Listen carefully. Complete the summary.SummaryFor years men and women have been getting married. When a man and a woman get married, it is one of the biggest decisions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he, in his own eyes, sees her as the "just -right" wifefor him.Every man has his own definition of what the "just -right" wife is. For instance, the millionaire man and the poor man both may define their " just -right" wife according to herphysical qualities but use different words. Although some men define the "just -right" wife by her physical qualities, other men describe their "just -right"wife by her athletic quali-ties. Both the outdoors man and the inside sportsman may define their "just -right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different atmospheres. Men from all nationalities also have their definitions of the "just -right" wife. But the Italian man's definition is different from the French man's. And similarly, the German man's definition is different from the Spanish man's.Tapescript;For years men and women have been getting married. They say their wedding vows which bring them together as one. They promise to love and cherish each other until death do them part.When a man and a woman get married, it is one of the biggest deci -sions they will make in life. A man may select a woman because he, in his own eyes, sees her as the "just -right" wife for him. Every man has his own definition of what the "just -right" wife is. For instance, the million -aire man and the poor man both may define their "just -right" wife accord -ing to her physical qualities.A millionaire may describe his "just -right" wife as charming, beauti -ful, sexy, intelligent, and well developed. On the other hand, a poor man may define his "just -right" wife as pleasing, attractive, desirable, knowl -edgeable, and shapely. Both men describe their "just -right" wife by the same physical qualities but use different words.Although some men define the "just -right" wife by her physical qual-ities, other men describe their "just -right" wife by her athletic qualities. For example, the outdoors man may define his "just -right" wife as a woman who loves to fish, to camp, to hunt, and to water ski, whereas the inside sportsman may define his "just -right" wife as a woman who enjoys watching football, basketball, baseball, and wrestling. Both of these men define their "just -right" wife by her sports qualities but in two different at -mospheres.Men from all nationalities also have their definition of the "just -right" wife. For example, the Italian man describes his woman as a woman who stands six feet one inch tall with blonde hair and blue eyes, and who is well developed in the upper portion of her body. On the other hand, the French man may describe his ideal woman as a woman who stands only five feet three inches with brown hair and green eyes, and who is moder -ately built.Other nationalities, such as the German man and the Spanish man, may define their "just -right" wife as a woman with style. The German man may describe his "just -right" wife as a woman who likes to drive expensive sports cars, a woman who visits a different foreign country every month and wears only the most expensive designer clothing. But the Spanish man may define his "just -right"wife as a woman who enjoys giving dinner parties every weekend, wearing a lot of jewelry, and drink -ing expensive wines.PartFirst meetingsKey words:baseball diamond pizza fancy-dress party film riverVocabulary:frizzly / yearbook / platonic / hit it off / chap / trip overYou are going to hear five people talking about their first meetings.A Before listening, read and consider the following questions.How easy is it in your city for young men and women to meet and spend time alone together?At what age do young men and women usually begin to date with each other"?At what age is it customary for people to get married and how long do engagements last?What do you think of the "boy -meets-girl" custom?What do you think of the arranged marriages?B Listen to five people describing their first meetings with their present partners. Listen carefully and take notes in the following chart.Tapescript;Ka KateKe桲erry Co 桟oralynJ 桱ill Ca桟aroleKa: I was on my way home from junior high and in order to get to my house you have to walk by this baseball diamond. And there was a game of baseball going on and it looked kind of interesting, so I stopped. There weren't very many people watching. And there was this guy and he wasn't really very good -looking, but he had frizzly hair and glasses and he was really funny. He did this kind of mono -logue thing, which was great. And I went home and I told my mother I was going to marry him after talking to him for half an hour. And when I got to high school, he was president of the student body and he asked me out and. . . we've got our picture in the yearbook together holding hands, and it's really nice.Ke: Well, I'd arranged to have a drink with a . . . friend of mine . . .a ... a woman friend of mine who's a platonic friend of mine. And she . . . insisted on bringing this friend of hers which . . . who she said I'd like to meet and ... I thought she was trying to fix us up and I said, "Please don't!" Um ... but she did bring this friend. Um . . . and ... we hit it off. And . . . after the wine bar we went to . . . to have a pizza and we all got . . . had a few more drinks and ... the other woman who . . . ended up ordering a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that I really liked and she ... I ordered a pizza that had a bunch of stuff on it that she really liked, so we picked at each other's pizzas all night and we realized that we were. . . sort of had an ideal relationship, so that we could order re -ally any pizza on the menu and . . .we'd both be happy. And . . . anyway we ended up living together and still are.Co; Um ... we met at a party and it was a fancy-dress party. A friend of mine's twenty -first and it was quite big and I went dressed as Al-ice in Wonderland and . . . this person, this guy that ... I married was dressed as the Cheshire Cat. And it just seemed so amazing that, you know, we were both from the same thing and we started chatting and ended up being together.J: Well ... I'd arranged to go to the cinema with a group of friendsand . . . unfortunately I missed the train that would have got me to the cinema on time, so all my friends had gone in and I was left standing outside 梩hefilm had started. So I wasn't allowed in. And . . . there was a chap outside,he'd also missed the film and we started to talk and ... we talked quite a bit and he said, "Let's go down the road and see that film, because that one hasn't started at the Odeon. " So we went down there and . . . well, we've been go -ing out ever since!Ca; I . . . I first met my partner . . . when he was on a boat and I was on the river bank, standing and looking generally into the distance and he was coming in to land with his boat and he threw me a rope and said, "Would you mind catching this?" and I caught it and missed and tripped over it and fell in the river and he had to dive in and res -cue me. And that was it!Part III I jf First meetings IPart |YA Valentine storyKey words: correspond romance first meeting red rose test wisdomVocabulary:intrigue / insightful / budding / lapel / provocative / tuck / plump / thrust / uphold / grip / square / saluteA Listen to the first part of a Valentine story, then write an ending for the story.B Now listen to the last part of the story. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear and make a comparison between the ending you designed and the one you heard.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment: "I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, " but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!" It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. Tapescript:John Blanchard stood up from the bench, straightened his army uni -form, and studied the crowd of people making their way through Grand Central Station. He looked for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose. His interest in her had begun thir -teen months before in a Florida library. Taking a book off the shelf he found himself intrigued, not with the words of the book, but with the notes penciled in the m;irgin. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind. In the front of the book, he discovered the pre -vious owner's name, Miss Hollis Maynell.With time and effort he located her address. She lived in New York City. He wrote her a letter introducing himself and inviting her to corre-spond. The next day he was shipped overseas for service in World War II. During the next year and one month the two grew to know each other through the mail. Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding. Blanchard requested a photograph, but she re -fused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return from Europe, they scheduled their first meeting?:00 p. m. at the Grand Central Station in New York. "You will recognize me," she wrote, "by the red rose I'll be wearing on my lapel. " So at 7:00 he was in the station looking for a girl whose heart he loved, but whose face he'd never seen. I'll let Mr Blanchard tell you what happened.A young woman was coming toward me, her figure long and slim. Her blonde hair lay back in curls from her delicate ears. Her eyes were as blue flowers. Her lips and chin had a gentle firmness, and in her pale green suit she was like spring time coming alive. I started toward her, entirely forgetting to notice that she was not wearing a rose. As I moved, a small, provocative smile curved her lips."Going my way, sailor?" she murmured. Almost uncontrollably I made one step closer to her, and then I saw Hollis Maynell. She was standing almost directly behind the girl. A Part IV A Valentine story woman well past 40, she had graying hair tucked under a worn hat. . . She was more than plump, her thick -ankled feet thrust into low -heeled shoes. The girl in the green suit was walking quickly away.I felt as though I was split into two, so keen was my desire to follow her, and yet so deep was my longing for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned me and upheld my own. And there she stood. Her pale plump face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly twinkle. I did not hesitate. My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her. This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt choked by the bitterness of my disappointment; "I'm Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?" The woman's face broadened into a tolerant smile. "I don't know what this is about, son," she answered, "but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!" It's not difficult to understand and admire Miss Maynell's wisdom. Shaping and Reshaping Personality Warming up Key words: constellation months dates Vocabulary:Part J constellation / Taurus / Virgo / Capricorn / Pisces / Aquarius / Leo / Cancer / Aries / Gemini / Sagittarius / centaur / Scorpio / LibraColumn B The constellations are totally imaginary things that poets, farmers and as-tronomers have made up over the past 6,000 years and probably even more. Listen to the following information about 12 constellations and match Column A with Column B.Column AVIRGOTAURUSSCORPIOSAGITTARIUSPISCESLIBRALEOGEMINICAPRICORNCANCERARIESAQUARIUSJanuary 21桭ebruary 19February 20 桵arch 20March 21 桝pril 20April 21 桵ay 21May 22 桱une 21June 22桱uly 22July 23桝ugust 22August 23 桽eptember 23September 24 桹ctober 23 j. October 24 桸ovember 22k. November 23 桪ecember 21 1. December 22 桱anuary 201?h) 2?d) 3?j) 4?k) 5?b) 6?i) 7?g) 8?e) 9?1) 10?f) 11?c) 12?a) Tapescript: TAURUS April 21桵ay 21 , represented by a bullVIRGO August 23桽eptember 23, represented by a young womanCAPRICORN December 22桱anuary 20, represented by a goatPISCES February 20桵arch 20, represented by two fishAQUARIUS January 21桭ebruary 19, represented by the water -bearerLEO July 23桝ugust 22, represented by a lion CANCER June 22桱uly 22, represented by a crabARIES March 21桝pril 20, represented by a ramGEMINI May 22 桱une 21 , represented by twinsSAGITTARIUS November 23桪ecember 21 , represented by a centaur (= half human and half horse) shooting an arrowSCORPIO October 24桸ovember 22, represented by a scorpionLIBRA September 24桹ctober 23, represented by a pair of meas -uring scales Key words:personality survey aggressive selfish kind patient jealousVocabulary:aggressive / raise the roofIn the following short dialogue, a man is trying to help a woman do a per -sonality survey.Listen carefully and complete the survey below by putting checks where proper. Aggressive Selfish Kind Patient JealousTapescript:W: Hey, Kevin. Help me fill out this personality survey. It'll be fun. M: Oh, I don't know . . .W; Oh, come on . . . OK, here's the first one ?what should I put for "aggressive" ? M: Uh-oh ... I . . . I'd say "very. " W: Very? Really?M: Yeah, sure. Look at the way you drive!W: Well, OK, so I'm a very aggressive driver . . . but . . . you have to drive like that in this city, or you're gonna be hit, because . . . M:Uh . . . what's the next one? W; "Selfish. " M: Oh, not at all.W: Really? Well, . . . maybe just a little ... I mean, a lot of people are, right? Just a little bit? You know, I mean, I try to think of other peo -ple, but sometimes I do just think of myself, I guess. M: OK, OK, so put "not very. " W: OK.M: But you can put "extremely" for the next one. W; What? Oh, "kind"?。