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第四讲介词和介词短语一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.(2019宁夏银川一中二模）Last July Bell paid a visit on Europe.【答案】on→to【解析】句意：去年七月，贝尔访问了欧洲。
pay a visit to...意为“参观/访问……”，为固定短语。
2.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特二模）Due to my terrible pronunciation,I often got misunderstood or even laughed by others. 【答案】laughed后加at【解析】句意：因为发音很差，我经常被人误解，甚至受到他人嘲笑。
laugh at sb.嘲笑某人，本句使用了被动结构。
3.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨三中一模）Our class held a debate to discuss this problem in last week.【答案】删除in【解析】this、that、every、each、last、next等修饰名词作时间状语时，其前不用介词。
4.(2019辽宁鞍山一中三模）In March 2014,I got the opportunity to apply a job in China.【答案】apply后加for【解析】句意：在2014年3月，我得到一个在中国求职的机会。
apply for申请。
5.(2019黑龙江大庆一中二模）As we were waiting on line,a young man with his son came behind us.【答案】on→in【解析】句意：我们正在排队等候时，一个年轻人带着他的儿子来到我们身后。
wait in line排队等候。
6.(2019吉林四平一中二模）I'm surprised to learn that many people here speak English in addition their national languages. 【答案】addition 后加to【解析】句意：得知这里很多人除了说他们的国家语言外还说英语，我感到吃惊。
【单句基础练】考点一词法错误1．Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.________________________________________________________________________2．There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________________________________________________________________________3．As we know, TV plays important part in our daily life.________________________________________________________________________4．When I suddenly fell ill, you carried me to nearest hospital.________________________________________________________________________5．During the holiday, I realized English was of great importance and made up my mind to make a progress.________________________________________________________________________6．The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.________________________________________________________________________7．My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.________________________________________________________________________8．My favorite sport is badminton, which brings me much happy.________________________________________________________________________9．But I think you can make it if you follow the advices below.________________________________________________________________________10．But the problem is that there are not enough sports facilities to meet the public growing demand.________________________________________________________________________【答案】1．countryside 前加the。
2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错--谓语动词附答案第一讲谓语动词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.[湖北八校2019第一次联考]My hobby is collecting stamps.I had stamps from many countries, like England, Canada, China and other countries.【答案】.had→have【解析】根据上一句中的is可知，此处讲述的是现在的事情，应用一般现在时，故将had改为have2.[江西重点中学2020第一次联考]I will keep the habit of taking regular exercise, such as running, swimming and various ball games. During my holidays, I would travel to my dreamlands .【答案】.would→will【解析】根据上文I will keep可知，此处讲述将来的事情，应用一般将来时，故将would改为will3.[四川资阳2020二诊]With the help of several other students,Li Xiang, one of my best friends, put me on his back and head for the clinic immediately.【答案】.head→headed【解析】根据put me on his back可知，此处put为过去式，and连接两个并列的谓语动词，故将head改为headed。
4.[陕西汉中2019质检]The old woman didn't have any visitors.But every morning , a concerned and wise young nurse will go into her room. She didn't try to speak or ask questions of the old lady.【答案】.will→would【解析】根据上下文时态可知，第二句中will应改为would,此处表示“过去常常”，表示过去习惯性的动作。
2020年高考英语全国卷II短文改错试题及答案详解（全国卷II适用地区：重庆、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、新疆、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、海南）请看试题：第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Thank you for your letter, what really made me happy. I’m glad to know that you’ve come China to learn kung fu in a school in my hometown. I’m surely you’ll have a good time. Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been out of practice. Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day. Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. See you sooner.请看译文：谢谢你的来信，这真的令我很高兴。
第二讲短文改错短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它并不是单纯考查语法知识，而是重点考查考生写作能力中的校验能力和积极的写作能力，同时考查考生对语篇的把握能力。
考生应在词汇、语法和语篇三个方面着重把握这种题型。
综合近三年全国卷短文改错题可知，其设题的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑，从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性。
1.词法层面对动词的考查频率最高，主要考查单句话中并列谓语的时态一致或根据相应的时间状语判断时态。
形容词和副词的使用也是热点考点之一，主要涉及它们之间的相互转换。
冠词的用法是必考题之一；名词的用法基本为必考考点；介词和数词的考查相对较低。
2.句法层面的改错主要涉及主谓一致、复合句连词的使用以及特殊句式。
3.语篇层面的改错主要包括上、下文时态一致、代词指代一致、逻辑关系一致(连词的使用)。
策略一| 注意事项与答题原则1.注意事项(1)共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；(2)只允许修改10处，多者从第11处起，不计分；(3)每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
(4)错1个词、多1个词、少1个词的比例是8∶1∶1。
2.答题原则(1)“规范性”原则要严格按照示范规定的符号改错。
要记住错词纠正、缺词填补、多词删除对应的修改标志。
切忌用文字说明或用箭头表示。
(2)“四不改”原则①单词拼写不改；②大小写不改；③词序错误不改(应从错词或少词方面考虑)；④标点符号不改。
(3)“五改动”原则①忠实于原文原则(不可改变原文的意思)；②错误以改动最少为原则；③虚词以添加或者删除为原则；④实词以改变形式为原则。
策略二| 常见错误形式及应对技巧策略三| 3大解题微技能微技能一如何应对词法题从词法角度考查，主要涉及冠词、介词、名词的数和格、代词、形容词、副词、动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词等。
1.冠词错误2.介词错误3.名词错误4.代词错误5.形容词和副词错误6.谓语动词错误7.非谓语动词错误微技能二如何应对句法题从句法角度考查，主要涉及主谓一致和复合句连词的用法等。
1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分Dear Jenny,Welcome to my school! When you arrive, there will be a party for you organizing by my classmates. You may attend to English classes to feel a differently learning style. After that, you can go to your host family that you can experience the Chinese way of life. You can have meals together chatting anything that interests us.The host family will also show you around some famous scenic spot. You can see people selling kites everywhere because our city was home to kites. There are many kinds of kites to choose from. So isn’t it the good idea to buy some for your friends? Write to me unless you have any questions about the schedule.Best wishes.Yours,Zhang Ming 2、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
2020届高考英语二轮复习常考题型大通关（全国卷）：短文改错（一）附答案1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didn’t seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.2、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
第四讲特殊句式-- 祈使句、省略句、强调句、倒装句一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.It is your valuable guidance which has enabled me to go around the city without any trouble.【答案】(强调句）which改为that【解析】句意：正是你的宝贵指导使我毫无困难地游览了这座城市。
句中强调主语"your valuable guidance"。
2.It was a year ago when Joshua got a bike, and he rode it every day.【答案】(强调句）when改为that【解析】句意：正是在一年以前Joshua获得了一辆自行车，并且他天都骑着这辆自行车。
这是一个强调句，句中强调了时间状语"a year ago",故把when改为that。
3.Was it in the lake where Mary was saved by a soldier?【答案】(强调句）where改为that【解析】此处强调的是句子的地点状语"in the lake",是强调句的一般疑问句句型："Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分？”故把where改为that4.It is not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do which benefits our work most.【答案】(强调句）which改为that【解析】此处表示重要的不是我们学到了多少，而是我们在工作中投入了多少爱对我们的工作最有用。
本句考查强调句，强调句型基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其他部分，本句是对not how much we learn but how much love we put into what we do 的强调，故把which 改为that。
2020年高考冲刺试卷芳草香出品短文改错（二）1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, the computer technology develops very fast that the Internet has become more and more popular. Some students regarded it as a great helper. Because there has a lot of information on line, so you can surf the Internet for any information you need in a short time without working hard in the library. This is also very convenient to talk with others by using the Internet. Moreover, other students think that there is some information on line which is not good for students. In addition, spend too much time playing games will not only have a bad effect on their studies but also do harm for health. Therefore, we should make properly use of the Internet. It is of great important to separate good plants from wild weeds.2、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
2020届二轮专题7 短文改错分类讲解高考英语短文改错历来是考生的一个难点，因为它考察的是考生的综合语言运用能力，涵盖英语语言的各个层面。
但是综合分析历年试题我们不难发现短文改错是有规律可循的，考察的常考考点是固定的。
因此，考生只要具备较扎实的英语基础知识，在此基础上明确有那些考点，分解练习各个考点，再综合到短文中有意识的在只要出现考点的地方停顿核查，不断练习，定会有提高。
一、考点规律分析短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用（尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more）、形容词与副词的混用（如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词）等，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词（如in，down 等）的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的as…as 结构、how 与what 的混用等也是常考的考点。
二、真题单句归纳[（1）After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. （frightening 改为frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕）（全国卷）（2）Charles said，“As soon as I see a realy tall building，I want to climb it. （realy 改为really 或real，若改为really，则修饰tall；若改为real，则修饰building）（全国卷）（3）Last Sunday，police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. （taller因much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级）（全国卷）（10）I‘m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. （wonderfully 改为wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语）（全国卷）（11）First，let me tell you something more about myself. （去掉more，因从上下文看，这是第一次给对方写信，不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题）（全国卷）（12）I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time，but now I am interesting in football. （interesting 改为interested，be interested in 意为“对……感兴趣”）（全国卷）（13）Also，the sport teaches us the important of obedience. （important 改为importance，teach 后可接名词或代词作宾语，但不接形容词作宾语）（全国卷）（14）Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family. （Unfortunate 改为Unfortunately，因此处要求用副词作状语）（全国卷）（15）I think I liked those classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. （what 改为how，how 在此表示方式）（北京春季卷）（16）After learning the basics of the subject，?? nothing else seemed very practically to me. （practically 改为practical，此处用形容词作表语）（北京春季卷）（17）Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. （去掉often，因句中的whenever 与often 意义重复）（全国卷）（18）What things are in other homes，I wonder. （What 改为How，句意为“不知其他家庭的情况是怎样的”）（全国卷）（19）For instance，one night he played strong and loudly music till four o‘clock in the morning. （loudly 改为loud，与strong 并列作定语，修饰music）（北京春季卷）（20）But he is difference now. （difference改为different，即用形容词作表语）（北京春季卷）（21）The time passes quickly. Evening came down. （去掉down，要表示“夜幕用形容词）（年广西卷）（28）Yes，a concert can be very excited. （excited改为exciting，表示某事物是“令人兴奋的”用exciting；表示某人“感到兴奋”才用excited）（四川卷）（30）Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby which is both interested and fun. （interested 改为interesting，指某事物是“令人有趣的”，用interesting，表示某人“对…感兴趣”时，用interested）（浙江卷）（31）She called 119 immediate. （immediate改为immediately，用作状语，要用副词）（福建卷）（32）However，?? we seldom felt lonely or helplessly. （helplessly改为helpless，在系动词felt后作表语，要用形容词）（年天津卷）三、模拟单句演练（1）I‘ll try to be more carefully next time.（2）China is much more bigger than the United States.（3）There are few boys than girls in our class.（4）He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.（5）The more money you make，the most you spend.（6）He found someone was following her，so she felt frightening.（7）It was real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself.（8）In fact，we finished the work without any difficult.（9）Look at the asleep boy. How lovely！（10）The fish tastes well；why not have a try？（11）Last week was very rain. I didn‘t go out the whole week.（12）The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.（13）I promise to return back before 10.（14）The book contains much use information. It‘s well worth reading.（15）This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop.（16）The workers warm welcomed us at their offices.（17）Oh，it‘s simply wonderfully to see you here！（18）She is in more he alth now than she was last year.「参考答案」（1）carefully 改为careful，用形容词作表语。
第七讲名词和数词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1 . Today , a group of 30 American student volunteer came to visit our school .【答案】volunteer改为volunteers【解析】volunteer是可数名词，且被数词30修饰，故用复数形式。
2 . Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture . As for me , when reading a neatly written article, I will feel pleased and relaxed.【答案】character改为characters【解析】句意：汉字非常美，文化内涵也很丰富。
至于我，在阅读一篇书写工整的文章时，我会感到高兴和放松。
根据are可知，此处指多个汉字，故应用复数形式。
3.The woman chose one of the most expensive dress and handed it to a shop assistant.【答案】dress改为dresses【解析】句意：那位女士从最昂贵的连衣裙中挑选出一件并把它递给一名店员。
此处存在"one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，故dress应用复数形式。
4. In the museum, we saw the latest progresses in science and technology.【答案】progresses改为progress【解析】句意：在博物馆里，我们看到了科技方面的最新进步。
progress是不可数名词，故没有复数形式。
5 . I taught them English and after class , we played games happily . We had a lot of funs together.【答案】funs改为fun【解析】fun是不可数名词，故没有复数形式。
第五讲冠词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误：1.In word,e-hongbao is bringing new color to the old tradition.【答案】.在In后加a【解析】in a word为固定短语，意为“总而言之”2.I volunteered to do it by saying"my deskmate is overweight boy whose clothes never fit him." 【答案】在overweight前加an【解析】此处表示“一个超重的男孩”，故应overweight后加an。
3.There was once a elderly woman in a nursing home.【答案】第一个a→an【解析】elderly的读音以元音音素开头，其前应用an。
4.Up to now,he has become member of our family and everyone has enjoyed his company.【答案】在become后加a【解析】member是可数名词，意为“成员”，其前加不定冠词a表示‘—’5.Third,for the sake of our safety and the others' safety, we should obey the traffic rules.【答案】删除第二个the【解析】此处“其他人”是泛指，故前面不用加the。
6.Naturally,I made a rapid progress in English.【答案】删除a【解析】progress意为“进步”，为不可数名词，前面不能用a修饰。
7.I think it good habit that in our spare time we read more books of great use.【答案】在good前加a【解析】habit意为“习惯”，是可数名词，此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a修饰。
2020届高考英语二轮复习题型精准练11-短文改错（2）1、When I was a young boy, my father save my life. Although I do not remember an incident，it is a story that has told many times in my family. I was two years old at one time，and my brother was four. We were with my father when he was feeding the cattles on our family farm. He didn't notice that my brother and I had wandered off until my brother，scared and out in breath，but came running to him. My brother could hard speak. He struggled to saying，“Rolfe’s in the cave!”2、Since I was a kid，I’ve considered different job I would like to do. First，I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then，when I was in the five grade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.3、The photo was taken during the sixty anniversary of our school. The elderly man on the picture attended our school 50 years ago, shortly after it founded. It was the first time he has been back to our school since he graduated and he was deeply impressed by his look. Once a young student， the elderly man now has gray hair or wrinkles，while our school has a new and modern look. After all these years，he’s still emotional when talking about that how proud he is of once be a student of our school. I was great t ouched by the scene. I know someday I’ll have a same feeling as this lovely man.4、 When I was very young, my parents teach me the value of writing thank-you notes. Whenever they asked me to, I would roll my eyes and write them after birthdays and some festivals unwilling. Only after my grandmother passed away I realize the impact. My mom and I had the task of clean my grandmother's house. I opened a drawer in her bedside table when I found a beautiful wooden box. I opened it but was shocked to see every card I had ever written to him. The impact of a moment stayed with me all my life. When my children grew, they had learned the value of writing thank-you notes and still do so, even as grown adult.5、 I'm a high school students in China. History is one of my most favorite subjects. My friends always laugh me because they don't understand why I'm such enthusiastic about history. They say it's bored and it’s the useless subject. But I don't think so. In their opinion, history taught us who we are and where we come from. I enjoy look back at points in the past and thinking about why certain decisions were making.I believe I can develop the skill of making decisions through studying history.6、 Smartphone apps certainly makes our life easier. And now, it seems that they could even do our homework for us. Recent years have seen the release of a various of study aid apps aimed at student. Most of these apps allow users to take a photo of our schoolwork and the correct answers will just appear on their smartphones. Convenient they are, these apps present problems with both parents and teachers. Most students just copy the answers from the app, while only a few use the app to study. Better still, some students even use the study aid apps to chat with others. Therefore, this isn't to say that study aid apps should be completely ban. Parents and teachers should give necessary guidance to help students to take the advantage of the study aid apps' strengths and avoid their weaknesses.7、 As we all know it, health is very important to us students. Here are some tips on what to grow up healthily.Some students at home were too addicted to smartly phones and computers, which does harm to their health. Therefore, every student is strong advised to get rid of them and spare some time to exercise on a regular basis to make them energetic and relaxing. Above all, attach great importance on making friends and communicate with others. Taking active part in various voluntary activities can also be of great benefit.I hope that the suggestion above will make a difference.8、 When he was 12, I believed honest should always be rewarded. One afternoon,I was playing football with my companions when accidentally I kick the ball througha nearby apartment's window. The crashing sound was followed by kids running from all directions and screamed, "Run! No one will tell." Instead of running away, I went to the apartment owner without hesitation expecting praise for being honest,so he laughed, saying. "I've never seen a kid inform against(告发) himself. What silly boy!" I felt bad hurt. When I get home，my mother said, "Remember: regardless of what he said, pride in yourself will always be your reward." This is an experience I will never forget it.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：When I was a young boy, my father savesavedmy life. Although I do not rememberantheincident，it is a story that has been told many times in my family. I was twoyears old atonethe/thattime，and my brother was four. We were withmyourfather when hewas feeding the cattlescattleon our family farm. He didn't notice that my brother and Ihad wandered off until my brother，scared and out inofbreath，but came running tohim. My brother couldhardhardlyspeak. He struggled tosayingsay，“Rolfe’s in the cave!”解析：2答案及解析：答案：Since I was a kid，I’ve considered different jobjobsI would like to do.First，I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coollycool. Then，when I wasin the fivefifthgrade，I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teachertoovery/somuch. When I studied chemistry high in/at school, I reconsidered my goalor and decided to be a doctor.TheyTherewere two reasons for the decision. One was thatI was amazingamazedat the fact that a sick person could feel much more better afterseeing a doctor. And the otheriswasthat I wanted to help people in need.解析：第一处：job→jobs。
2020年高三高考英语二轮复习题型专练讲解---短文改错命题趋势短文改错的题稳中有变，难度逐年上升。
试题中与法规则有关的错误设置在减少，对固定习语、机械性记忆的要求在慢慢弱化。
错误设置主要集中在动词时态(而且多局限于对一般现在时与一般过去时的判断)、名词(大都是可数名词的单复数交化)、冠词的用法、介词、连词的误用等，而且语篇意识年年在强化，很多错误需要联系全文背景或上下文语境才能准确找出。
考纲内容短文改错集语法知识与语言技能为一体，旨在考查考生对语言的评价与校正能力和对词汇、语法、语篇三要素的把握能力，要求考生正确判断出错误并将其改正。
错误主要涉及词法、句法、行文逻辑等，需要考生具备一定的阅读、分析和逻辑推理能力，在不同程度上借助语境进行判断，改项的设置注重在语篇中考查学生对所学语法及语言知识的综合运用能力。
题型解读一、命题特点短文改错是知识和能力的综合测试题型。
主要考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性及词、句、篇和语法的综合水平。
短文改错设置的考点灵活多变，知识层次多，覆盖面广，包括词法、句法、行文逻辑以及语篇结构等，是一种在较高层次上考査考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。
从近几年的高考短文改错题看，试题具有以下特点：1.选材短文改错的文体多为第一/三人称记叙文、应用文(以书信为主)。
一般约100词，所选取的语言材料贴近实际生活，多为考生所熟知，且话题贴近学生，有的带点幽默，有的包含教育意义。
文字浅显易懂，材料中没有生僻、超纲的词汇;句子结构简单，基本上是简单句和并不复杂的复合句语言地道，符合英语语语言习惯。
2.考点短文改错所考查的词类覆盖面广，分布合理。
其重点是从句法、词法和行文逻辑等角度考査考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力，同时兼顾句型结构、习惯搭配等。
短文改错的设题有错词、缺词和多词三种可能。
错词现象主要出现在名词单复数、动词时态、非谓语动词、连词、介词、主谓一致、代词、词形(指应该用动词、名词还是形容词形式，以及平行结构中词的正确形式)、冠词:缺词现象主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号to、连词、语义不完整现象等方面;多词现象主要出现在冠词、介词、助动词、连词、语义重复及行文逻辑等方面。
二、设题方式做短文改错时，首先要认真通读全文，掌握文章大意，把握短文中的人物、情节、时间、地点等细节。
然后在遵循原文主题的基础上逐句研究找错，要做到前后联系。
做完后再通读週，看是否还留有问题。
常见的出错点可以归纳为以下几个方面:1.动词:要做到动词时态统一、语态统一和主谓一致。
2.名词:要注意名词的单复数变化以及名词的所有格形式。
3.代词:注意人称代词的主格和宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词、反身代词;还要注意代词指代一致、指代的对象的单复数、指代两者还是两者以上范围等。
4.连接词:注意句子前后之间的关系一并列关系(and)、转折关系(but，yet)、对比关系( while)、递进关系( besides)、选择关系(or)、因果关系(so，therefore)、让步关系(or，or else，otherwise)。
5冠词:注意特指与泛指、可数名词单数与不可数名词前的冠词的使用、冠词的活用;还要注意a与an的区别，在以元音音素开头的名词前不定冠词要用an6.形容词和副词:形容词在句中通常作表语、定语和补语，有时候也可作状语;一般而言，副词通常修饰动词、副词、形容词和整个句子;注意比较级和最高级的构成与句型用法;另外还要注意一些表示逻辑关系的连接副词( however， besides，therefore等)7.引导词:注意各种从句的引导词，要能够正确分析句子结构，弄清楚是哪种从句、引导词在从句中作什么成分，该用哪个引导词。
8.非谓语动词:注意确定是否用非谓语动词，如果需要用非谓语动词形式，要通过该词在句子中所作的成分判断出使用哪种非谓语动词，分清主动和被动关系、时态形式，还要注意一些固定搭配和固定句式。
9.固定搭配:掌握常见的、重点的名词、动词、形容词、介词等的固定搭配。
解题原则改动以最少为原则;虚词以添加或删除为原则;实词以改变词形为原则以保持句子原意为原则。
解题步骤1.通读全文，掌握大意要快速阅读全文，注意语境和有关提示。
短文改错的语篇意识年年在强化，错误常常“隐藏”在短文中，因此要集中精力，努力进人阅读状态和文章角色，迅速提炼、优化短文中的直接信息和间接信息，激活有关背景知识。
2.整句理解，上下兼顾要在规定的时间之内，注意以句子为单位，分析文章中前后句和上下文的逻辑关系，运用所学知识多角度、多层次地去发现问题和解决问题。
改错的过程是在一个特定的语境下进行的，考生在对文章进行阅读并基本理解之后，对难句、长句要从语法的角度对句子成分进行分析。
对于那些还不能立即作答或自我感觉比较困难的题目，不必拘泥于其顺序排列。
随着对文章具体语言情景的逐渐把握，题目的答题范围逐步缩小，就会有豁然开朗、茅塞顿开的感觉。
3对照答案，复读全文注意检查修正后的文章是否意思通畅，结构完整。
要排除答题不会有错或答题有错也难以发现的心理定式的干扰，认真对照答案，从头到尾快速通读一遍，进一步加深对文章的理解，检查修正后的文章是否意思通畅、结构完整，是否前后联系、首尾呼应。
对无把握的题目，考生也要根据对文章信息的整合，试着从上下文语感、语法和词义等多角度来进行分析、推断，迅速做答。
短文改错的错误通常以多一词、缺一词、词汇错用三种形式设置。
考法1）多一词多一词的考查点一般有1－2处，主要集中在虚词上，如介词、副词、冠词、不定式符号to、助动词等。
这类词在句中不起主要作用，但却很容易用错，所以也是短文改错考查的重点之一。
1．多一介词或副词介词和副词的多余主要体现在它们与动词的搭配上，或句子成分重复造成词语累赘例My soccer coach retired in last week.解析：去掉in “l ast＋时间名词”作状语时，其前面不用介词。
2．多一冠词冠词的使用是学生很容易出错的地方，多一冠词主要是在本应使用零冠词的情况中使用了不定冠词或定冠词。
例At the first，I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by myself.解析：去掉the at first“起初；一开始”，为固定短语。
3.多不定式符号to不定式有带to的和不带to的两种情况，在一些不需要使用不定式符号to的地方极易出现to多余的现象。
例Suddenly Mary，my best friend asked me to let her to copy my answers.解析：去掉第二个to let后跟省略to的不定式作补语4．多一助动词多一助动词的错误主要出现在时态误用、主动语态与被动语态错用等情况中例）... they were looked like rain！解析：去掉were或去掉looked,此处were与1oked均为系动词，介词短语like rain作表语，故去掉其中之一。
5．多一连接词多一连接词的错误主要出现在主从句都使用了从属连词起引导作用这种情况中，或在两个独立的句子中的某一个句子之前使用并列连词，导致其成为两个分句。
例Though not very big，but the restaurant is popular in our area解析去掉but though不和but同时出现在句中，因though位于句首，故去掉but考法2 缺一词高考中对缺词的考查跟多词的考查类似，常常是1一2处，要集中在介词、冠词、不定式符号to、代词、助动词、修饰语等几个方面。
1．缺一介词介词的缺少主要体现在动词、名词、形容词等与介词的固定搭配中，缺失了应该搭配的适当介词。
（例）My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time解）dreams后加of dream of doing sth．“梦想做某事”，为固定短语2．缺一冠词缺一冠词的考查主要国绕在不定冠词和定冠词的基本用法及固定搭配中，其目的在于让考生掌握冠词的正确用法，培养正确运用语言的能力。
Every time he arrived home at end of the day. we'd greet him at the door解析;end前加the at the end of是围定词组，表示“在…结束时”3．缺一不定式符号to不定式符号to是不定式的表现形式，缺少to容易引起句式结构混乱。
短文改错中对缺少不定式符号to的考查主要有带to的不定式作补语、定语及一些固定用法等。
例t＇s been a month since I came this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.解析：want后加to want后用带to的不定式作语，want to do sth．“想要做某事”4．缺一代词代词是后文中为避免重复而用来指代前文出现过的名词等的一类词。
短文改错中对代词的考查主要集中在及物动词后漏掉宾语、从句中漏掉不能省略的连接词和关系代词等几个方面。
因此根据前后文信息，正确分析句子结构，把握好动词的用法及搭配关系等至关重要例At last，will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help。
解析：whenever后加I此处是让步状语从句，句子缺少主语，由前面的主语5．缺一助动词句子中助动词的缺失主要是由于时态、语态等的运用错误导致；另外句子结构的不完整，如系表结构中缺少系动词、从句中缺少助动词等也会考查到。
The commanding officer， Wayne Tyler, who directly responsible for the study of...解析：who后加is who引导定语从句， responsible是形容词，从句中缺少谓语动词，故加be构成系表结构be responsible for。
6．缺一修饰语修饰语的缺失主要是指名词前缺少修饰成分，如物主代词、指示代词、冠词等，以至于造成语意及句子理解上的混乱，正确判断名词前应有的修饰语要依据上下文的衔接及指代的一致性。
例Tomorrow is first day of school.解析:first前加my或the表示顺序的序数词前要加定冠词或物主代词、名词所有格等限定词。
