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虚拟语⽓1.b e型虚拟（基本是套路）2.w ere型虚拟3.if条件句及主句虚拟形式⽤法⽤法1)表⽰“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句⽤b e型虚拟，常⻅的词如下：d e m an d,d es i re,i ns i s t,or d er,as k,co mm an d,p ro p ose,reco mm en d,sugges t,p re f er,re q u i re,re q ues t等最常⻅的形式是这类动词后⾯接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要⽤(s h oul d）+动词原形来虚拟2)表⽰主观看法，常表⽰“某事是必要的、重要的。
怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“it i s+名词/形容词+th a t 从句”结构中，常⻅的形容词包括：a dvi sab le,d es i ra b le,essen ti al, imp era tiv e, imp or t an t, necessar y, o b l i ga t or y,p ro p er, di s p ensa b le, imp oss ib le,na t ural,sur p r i s i ng等明智的、可取的、必要的、必要性的、重要的、必需的、强制性的、适当的、可有可⽆的、不可能的、⾃然的、令⼈惊讶的3）表⽰“恐怕,担⼼,以免，万一”等,例如：if,les t,i n case,f orf ear th a t等，后 ⾯的从句⽤(s h oul d)+动词原形来虚拟 注意：这⾥的if不是引导条件句，⽽是表⽰“以防”、“万一”4)b e型虚拟还⽤于表⽰“祝愿”的特殊结构，通常是M a y+主语+动词原形 例： M a y y ou b e h a ppy. ⼏乎不考，了解即可~与现在事实相反：（从句谓语动词）动词的过去式（b e⽤w ere⽽不⽤w as)（主句谓语动词）s h oul d/w oul d/coul d/ mi g ht+动词原形与过去事实相反：（从句谓语动词）h a d+过去分词（主句谓语动词） s h oul d/ w oul d/coul d/mi g ht + h a v e+过去分词与将来事实相反：（从句谓语动词）1.s h oul d+动词原形2.动词过去式3.w ere t o+动词原形（主句谓语动词）s h oul d/ w oul d/ coul d/mi g ht +动词原形形式：s h oul d+动词原形，s h oul d 可以省略If it s h oul d ra i n t o m orro w, w e w oul d s t a y a t h o m e.If I w ere t o go t o th e m oon one d a y, I coul d see it with myo w n e y es.If y ou mi sse d th e fi l m t on i g ht, y ou w oul d f eel sorr y.If I h a d go t th ere earl i er, I s h oul d/coul d h a v e m e t h er.如果我早到那⼉，我就会⻅到她。
虚拟语气的用法及例子
虚拟语气是一种语法形式，用于表示非真实的情况或假设的情况。
虚拟语气常见于条件句、愿望句和建议句中。
1. 条件句中的虚拟语气
条件句中的虚拟语气用于表达假设、不可能实现或不符合事实的情况。
- 如果我会飞，我就飞到月球上去了。
- 如果我有更多的时间，我会多读书。
2. 愿望句中的虚拟语气
愿望句中的虚拟语气用于表达对现在或过去情况的不满、遗憾或希望。
- 要是我能去旅行，我就会去世界各地。
- 要是我早些知道这个消息，我就不会错过这个机会了。
3. 建议句中的虚拟语气
建议句中的虚拟语气用于表达对某种行动或情况的建议、要求或命令。
- 尽量少吃甜食，要不然你会发胖的。
- 要是你需要帮助，尽管告诉我。
虚拟语气通过使用虚拟动词和特殊的句子结构来表达。
在中文中，通常使用“如果……就……”、“要是……就……”、“如果能……就……”等句式来表示虚拟语气。
需要注意的是，虚拟语气在口语和书面语中的使用有所不同。
在口语中，虚拟语气的使用相对较少，而在正式的书面语或文学作品中，虚拟语气的使用相对较多。
希望本文对你理解和运用虚拟语气有所帮助！。
虚拟语气英语知识点总结一、虚拟语气的概念。
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑、猜测或建议等。
二、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法。
1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If + 主语+ 动词的过去式（be动词一般用were）），主句（主语+ would/should/could/might+动词原形）。
- 例如：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更努力学习。
实际上我不是你）2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If+主语+had+过去分词），主句（主语+would/should/could/might + have+过去分词）。
- 例如：If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam.（如果他听了我的建议，他就会通过考试了。
实际上他没听建议，也没通过考试）3. 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
- 结构：从句（If+主语+动词的过去式/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形），主句（主语+would/should/could/might+动词原形）。
- 例如：If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们就会待在家里。
明天是否下雨还不确定，但这是一种假设情况）- 或者If he should come tomorrow, I would tell him the news.（如果他明天来，我就会告诉他这个消息）- 以及If I were to see her tomorrow, I would give her the book.（如果我明天见到她，我就会把书给她）三、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法。
1. wish后的宾语从句。
- 表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去式（be动词用were）。
十大虚拟语气词一、insist1、含义：vt. 坚持；坚决主张，vi. 坚持；强调。
2、用法insist的基本意思是“坚持”，常用于坚持意见、看法、主张等。
insist既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。
作及物动词时,不能用名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语，只能接that引导的从句。
若指尚未发生的动作，从句谓语常用虚拟语气(should+动词原形或直接用动词原形)；若表示一个已发生的动作或已存在的状态时，从句谓语多用陈述语气。
that有时可以省略。
insist用作不及物动词时，其后常须加介词on〔upon〕,然后接名词、代词或动名词。
该动名词前可加物主代词或名词、人称代词的宾格形式作其逻辑主语，该动名词的否定形式是在其前直接加not。
He insisted that he had done right.他坚决认为自己做对了。
They insist that I stay there for supper.他们坚决要求让我留下吃晚饭。
二、command1、含义：n. 命令；指挥；掌握；[计算机] DOS命令: 引用辅助命令处理器，v. 命令；指挥；掌握；博得。
2、用法command用作动词是正式用语，表示“命令，要求”时，一般不用作进行时；其后可接名词或代词作宾语，接带动词不定式的复合结构和that从句时，从句中的谓语动词应用虚拟式，即“(should＋)动词原形”。
command在书面语体中可以引出直接引语，作“命令道”或“用命令的口气说道”解。
He growled a command to her to stop.他咆哮着命令她停下来。
The company commander roared his command.连长高声发布命令。
三、suggest1、含义：vt. 建议；暗示；使想起；表明；要求。
2、用法suggest的基本意思是“建议”“提议”，还可表示“暗示，表明”“使想起”等。
suggest作“建议”“提议”解后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟式; 作“表明，暗示”“使想起”等解时，从句中的谓语动词可用陈述式。
虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气是一种在句子中表示假设、愿望、推测、建议、命令等语气的语法结构。
它在很多语言中都存在，在英语中尤为常见。
虚拟语气有时可以用来表示与实际情况相反的假设，有时则用来表示无法实现的愿望或推测。
在英语中，虚拟语气分为三种形式：过去虚拟语气、现在虚拟语气和将来虚拟语气。
在本篇总结中，我们将详细介绍这三种虚拟语气的用法和结构。
一、过去虚拟语气过去虚拟语气用来表示与现实情况相反或与过去事实不符的假设。
它的主要结构是“had + 过去分词”，常用于if条件从句或wish从句中。
1. 用于if条件从句：如果我有时间，我就会去看电影。
If I had time, I would go to see a movie.假如你帮我，我就会更快地完成工作。
If you helped me, I would finish the work faster.2. 用于wish从句：我希望你住得近一点，这样我们就可以经常见面了。
I wish you lived closer so that we could see each other more often. 她希望她昨晚去了宴会。
She wishes she had gone to the party last night.二、现在虚拟语气现在虚拟语气用来表示与现实情况相反或不太可能实现的愿望、建议、要求等。
它的主要结构是“should + 动词原形”或“were + to + 动词原形”。
1. 用于虚拟的愿望：如果我是你，我会马上辞职。
If I were you, I would quit my job immediately.（“were”表示与现实情况相反的假设）我希望你明白我的意思。
I wish you understood what I mean.（“understood”表示与现实情况不符的愿望）2. 用于虚拟的建议和要求：你应该尽早去看医生。
虚拟语气总结虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语态，用来表达一种假设、愿望、建议、命令、怀疑或可能性的情态。
在句子中，虚拟语气主要通过动词的形态变化和句子结构来表示。
一、虚拟语气的形态变化：1. 过去虚拟语气：主要用于表示与事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：had + 过去分词。
例如：“If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.”2. 现在虚拟语气：主要用于表示与现在事实相反的情况或不可能实现的愿望。
形式为：动词原形+过去式。
例如：“If I were you, I would study harder.”3. 条件句中的虚拟语气：主要用于表示条件句中的假设情况。
形式为：should/would/could/might + 动词原形。
例如：“If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.”二、虚拟语气的用法：1. 表达与现在事实相反的情况：使用“were”作为虚拟语气动词，无论主语是单数还是复数。
例如：“If I were you, I would apologize.”2. 表达与过去事实相反的情况：使用“had”作为虚拟语气动词。
例如：“If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.”3. 表达不可能实现的愿望：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示愿望、建议或命令。
例如：“I wish I were taller.” “If only I could speak French.” “She demanded that he leave immediately.”4. 表达估计、推测、怀疑或建议：使用虚拟语气动词的适当形式来表示可能性。
例如：“It is important that he arrive on time.” “She suggested that we go to the cinema.”三、虚拟语气的注意事项：1. 注意一致性：在条件从句中，主句和从句的动词形式要保持一致。
虚拟语气1.作用：用来表示说话人所说的话不是现实，只是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
这种假设是不可能发生或不大可能发生或实现的。
（1）过去相反①如果你昨天去那里了，你就会看到那个明星了 If you had gone there, you would have seen that superstar.②如果我没生病，我就可以知道老师教了什么内容。
If I had not been ill, I would have known of what the teacher taught.（2）与现在相反①如果我现在是个老师，我就会让学生们做好多作业。
If I were a teacher now, I would ask students to do a lot of homework.②如果我现在是个成人，我就会做我想做的。
If I were an adult, I would do what I want to do.③如果我现在去那里，我就会得到那个礼物。
If I went there, I would get thatpresent.（3）与将来的①如果你明天不去上课，我就给你买冰激凌。
If you did not go to school tomorrow, I would buy an ice-cream for you. If you were not to go to school,I would buy an ice-cream for you ②如果你这样做，我会打算让你通过考试。
Ifyou should do this, I would decide to let you pass the examination.（4）易错练习题:① if you _____your homework, your teacher ____ your parents yesterday.A.did, didn’t tellB. did, wouldn’t tellC.had done, wouldn’t tellD. had done, wouldn’t have told分析：时态，② ____Tom was ill, I would have not told Tom the truth.A.If I know,B. if I knew,C.if I had known,D.if I have known（5）虚拟条件的倒装：把从句中if省略，把动词had，were，should 提到主语之前，意思不会发生任何改变。
虚拟语气
虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。
英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：
一、与现在事实相反
If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.
二.与将来事实相反
If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her thetruth.
If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.
三、与过去事实相反
四、虚拟语气的特殊用法。
1、省掉if的条件从句结构：
Had you asked me, I would have told you. =If you had asked me, I would have told you.
2、有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：
If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.
If I were you, I would have gone home.
五、虚拟语气的其他用法
He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.
上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.
如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。
He insists that he is right.
It is right that you should have done your homework.
I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。
wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。
试比较：
（1）We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)
（2）We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)
4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：
He acts as if nothing had happened.
I would rather you didn’t tell him.
5、It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：
It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.
It’s high time (that) we took some action.
虚拟语气专项练习
1、If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.
A. be
B. was
C. were
D. am
2、I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they speak with French accents.
A. don't
B. will not
C. mustn't
D. wouldn't
3、The secretary suggested that they ________ the men in at once.
A. had brought
B. should have brought
C. brought
D. bring
4、If Jone tomorrow, what would you do?
A. were not to come
B. will not come
C. would not come
D. had not come
5、“She didn't ask me, so I didn't help her?”
“You mean to say that , you would've helped her ?”
A. if she asked you
B. if she were to ask you
C.had she asked you C. were she to ask you
6. If he _______ to the teacher carefully, he _______ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened, would have known
B. listened, would know
C. listened, would have known
D. had listened, would know
7. If I had not been so busy yesterday, I _______ your birthday party.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. would attend
D. would have attended
8. It is high time we _______ up our results.
A. sum
B. summed
C. will sum
D. would sum
9.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him.
A. come; would meet
B. had come; would have met
C. come; will meet
D. had come; would meet
10.If it _____ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.
A. had rained
B. would have rained
C. have seen
D. rained
11.If I _____ enough money, I would have bought a much bigger car.
A. possessed
B. owned
C. had
D. had had
12.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.
A. have not given
B. would not give
C. had not given
D. did not give。
