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17 Reading and Thinking目标导航知识精讲【核心词汇】1.ruin n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏搭配：fall into ruin 衰落，衰败financial ruin 破产2.shock（1）n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克搭配：in shock 震惊，吃惊He’s still in a state of shock. 他至今还惊魂未定。
The news of his death came as a great shock to everyone. 他去世的消息让所有人都非常震惊。
She was taken to hospital suffering from shock. 她因休克被送到医院。
（2）vt.（使）震惊搭配：It shocks sb. to see/hear... 看到/ 听到……使某人震惊。
It shocked them to hear that he had gone abroad.听说他出国的消息，他们惊讶不已。
3.trap（1）vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套（trap—trapped—trapped）be/get trapped in 困在……中；陷入……中trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人做某事They were trapped in the lift. 他们被困在电梯里。
By clever questioning they trapped him into telling the truth. 他们用巧妙的提问诱使他说出真相。
（2）n. 险境；陷阱lay/set a trap（for sb.）（给某人）设下圈套fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套people caught in the unemployment trap 陷入失业困境中的人们If you choose this way，you’re likely to fall into a trap. 如果你选择这条路，你可能会落入圈套。
人教版高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters知识点梳理单选题1、Try to avoid such things ________will do you harm, unless you don't care about the rumors from all directions. A．thatB．asC．whichD．as that答案：B考查定语从句。
句意：除非你不在乎四面八方的谣言，否则尽量避免那些对你有害的事情。
在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词things被such修饰，所以应用关系代词as。
故选B。
2、Peter can be really difficult at times ________ he’s a nice person in general.A．even ifB．as thoughC．as ifD．if only答案：A考查状语从句。
句意：彼得有时真的很难缠，即使一般情况下他是一个很好的人。
A. even if即使，尽管； B. as though似乎，好像； C. as if似乎，好像； D. if only要是...就好了。
空前表示Peter有时候很难缠；空后句子表示他通常情况都是很好很和善的人，前后有转折关系，只有A项even if可以引导让步状语从句，符合题意。
故选A项。
3、A sport with a broom on ice ________ requires bowling ________ makes curling one of the most unique sports out there.A．that … precisionB．that … diversityC．/ … precisionD．/ … diversity答案：A考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。
句意：冰壶是一项要求精准度的运动，它在冰上要使用冰刷，这使得冰壶成为最独特的运动之一。
【知识点汇总】新人教版必修一Unit 4 Natural disasters【词汇短语】1. What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area? (P48)救援人员和士兵们正在洪灾地区做什么？rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. & vt.营救；救援【搭配】rescue ... from ... 把……从……解救出来come/go to the/sb’s rescue 挽救（搭救）某人；救助某人，给某人救急【例句】A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
“Never for a second,” the boy says, “did I doubt that my father would come to my rescue.”那个男孩说：“我从来没有怀疑过父亲会来救我”。
She died trying to rescue her children from the blaze.她在试图从大火中救出自己的孩子时身亡。
2. Which buildings were damaged in Seoul? (P48)首尔的哪些建筑物受到了破坏？damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ vt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失【搭配】badly/seriously damaged 严重受损do/cause damage to ... 对……造成损害/破坏【例句】Don’t damage your health for a good figure.不要为了好身材而损害你的健康。
My car was badly damaged, but luckily the kids were not seriously hurt.我的车受损严重，但庆幸的是孩子们伤得并不重。
人教版必修1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters （主题：自然灾害）阅读与写作【单元主题工自然灾害Today, scientists worldwide are studying plants and animals to build a better class of robots. Many of the robots may help with future rescue. And while some of these nature-inspired robots are in the lab, at least one type of these robots has been tested during a big natural disaster.Months ago, a big earthquake shook central Mexico. The quake resulted in hundreds of deaths and destroyed thousands of buildings. Before long, volunteers asked scientists from a lab at the Carnegie Mellon University to bring their snake robots to Mexico City to aid in the rescue efforts.Soon, scientist Matthew Travers, one director of this lab, and other scientists reached Mexico City and traveled between the city's fallen-down buildings. They used the cameras on the heads of the snake robots to look into a building/s open spaces and check if people were trapped inside.In the past years, scientists at the Carnegie Mellon University have worked to develop snake robots. By changing the designs of the robots made before, they created a “unified snake robot” , which could move through different types of terrain （地形）.But Travers and his teammate Howie Closet said that the snake robots had somewhat limited success in the Mexico City earthquake. zz lt wasn't like what we had thought: we brought the snake robots down there and we won the war/'says Travers.The big reason was that the robots were not equipped with any microphones,speakers, or proximity sensors （接近感应器）,Such kinds of modern equipment would have greatly improved the snake robots' ability to communicate with people who were trapped or to map the environment/The reason why wedon/t have more equipment is only because of money,''says Choset.Research on snake robots continues to move on. But Choset says it remains a challenge to get money to develop search-and-rescue robots.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
劝君莫惜金缕衣，劝君惜取少年时！！！Unit4 Natural Disasters 自然灾害本单元以“自然灾害”的话题，从听，说，读，写，句法结构等方面预习此单元。
MATEBOOK 132020/10/4Unit 4 Natural Disasters 第一部分：必备词汇和短语（key words and phrases）：基础词汇：1.Tornado n. 龙卷风；旋风ndslide n. 崩塌；滑坡3.Tsunami n. 海啸4.Magnitude n.震级，重大5.Crack n.&v. 裂开，裂缝6.Percent n. 百分比7.Brick n. 砖8.Trap v. 使落入陷阱9.Drought n.干旱10.Slide vt. 滑坡11.Wave n.波浪，风浪12.Volcano n. 火山13.Typhoon n. 台风14.Hurricane n. 飓风15.Tap v.轻叩轻敲16.Pipe n. 管道17.Whistle v.吹口哨18.Kit n.成套设备19.Crash v.撞词汇派生拓展：1.Disaster n. 灾难-----disastrous adj.-灾难的-----disastrously adv.灾难地2.Flood n. 洪水-----flooding n.涝灾-----flooded adj. 发洪水的3.Rescue n.救援----rescuer n. 救援者4.Destroy v.破坏---destroyer n破坏者---destruction n.破坏----destructive adj 破坏性的5.evacuate vt.使疏散-----evacuation n 疏散，撤离6.death n.死-----die v. 死-------dead adj.------死的，没有生命的7.affect v. 影响-----affected adj. 有影响的------affection n.影响8.shelter n.庇护所-----sheltered adj. 有庇护的9.ruin v. 毁坏-----ruined adj.毁灭的10.metal n.-金属----metallic adj. 金属的11.shock n. V.震惊，惊讶—shocked 震惊的----shocking 令人震惊的12.electricity 电---electric 电的----electrical 电子的13.bury vt 埋葬-----burial n 埋葬14.breathe v呼吸.----breath n,呼吸-----breathless adj.上气不接下气的15.revive v 恢复------revival n.恢复16.effort n.努力-----effortless adj 毫不费力的17.wisdom n.智慧---wise adj. 明智的---wisely adv. 明智地18.Context n.上下文----contextual adj.练习上下文的19.Suffer v 遭受----sufferer n.遭受者------suffering n. 遭受20.Erupt v.爆发----eruption n. 爆发21.Supply v.供应---supplier n.—供应商22.Survive v.幸存—survivor n. 幸存者---survival n.幸存23.Power n.权利----powerful adj. 有权利的24.Emergency n.紧急---emergent adj. 紧急的-----emergence n.急诊25.Effect n.影响----effective adj. 有影响力的---ineffective 无影响力的26.Length n.长度----lengthen v,加长27.Deliver v.运输，输送----delivery n. 运输28.Strike v.罢工，袭击---striker n.----罢工者.短语积累：1.At least 至少2.Set up 建立e out of 出来4.As usual 像往常一样5.As if 似乎好像e to an end 结束7.Cut across 打断，径直穿过8.In ruins 严重受损9.Nothing but 只不过，除了10.Blow away 吹走11.In shock 震惊吃惊12.Fall down 倒下13.Dig out 挖掘14.Get up on one’s feet 重新站起来15.In times of 在的时刻，在时期16.Suffer from 遭受17.Go through 经历，讨论18.Volunteer to do sth. 自愿做什么事19.Wake up 叫醒20.Put up 张贴21.In the open air 在户外22.Stay calm 保持冷静23.Stay away from 远离24.Make sure 确信，确保25.First aid kit 一套急救设备26.In danger 处在危险处境27.On hand 在手边28.Crash into 冲撞29.Sweep away 消灭，彻底消除30.The number of 的数量31.Be expect to do 被期待做32.Write down 写下第二部分: 听力素养（listening skills）听说词汇：1. A strong earthquake 一场大地震2.Fall down 倒下3.Help the survivors 帮助幸存者4.Homes and land 家园和土地5.Be trapped in 陷入，被困于6.Rescue from 从… 中救援出来7.Volunteers and rescue workers 志愿者和救援人员8.Day and night 日夜9.Make sure 确信10.Caused by 由… 造成11.In the landslide 在滑坡中12.Lose one’s life 失去生命13.Get away from 避免听说句式;1. A strong earthquake hit Ecuador yesterday.昨天厄尔多瓜发生了一场大地震。
Unit 4 Natural Disaster基础检测卷题号一二三四五六七得分一，单词拼写(共10 小题，每小题1分，满分10分)根据汉语或者首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1.At least 38 people were_______(死的) and 70 injured after two explosions.2.She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people hadnot come to her_______.( 帮助，援助)3.Rescuers landed on the white island after _______（火山的）eruptions in NewZealand.4.72 hours is the critical (关键的)rescue time after an earthquake ________ a region.5.The problems faced by the poor countries would be more serious for lack ofmedical ________(补给品)6.The government has declared a state of _______( 紧急情况) after the earthquake.7.Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable. You may even have entered theshop just to take s_______ from a sudden shower.8.In the long term, UV radiation from the sun can ______(破坏) the DNA in cells,which can be repaired though.9.We should make every e_______ to encourage teenagers to protect our blueplanet.10.We promise to d_______ within 48 hours.二，单句语法填空: (共10 小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.Boeing’s commercially best seller 737 MAX has been grounded （使停飞）globallysince the two ______(dead) air crashes happened in March 2019.2.It will be considered a miracle（奇迹）if someone is saved after _______(trap) for72 hours.1/ 63.I believe Chinese _______(wise) will play a greater role and help us achieve the finalvictory.4.I was ______(shock) to see that not only is there a paved highway through themountains to come here but also the internet and cellphone service here isexcellent.5.The rover YutuII has helped scientists unveil（揭露）the secrets_______(bury) deepunder the surface on the far side of the moon.6.Jenny drew the curtains and the sunlight flooded in. she was _____(flood) with joyto welcome a brand-new day.7. A team of _______(rescue) has arrived at the site, but it remains unknown whatcaused the accident.8.Aspirin is a simple but highly _____(effect) treatment.9.More than one thousand people were killed when a ______( power) earthquakestruck western Indonesia at the end of September.10.The air was so cold that we could hardly ______(breath).三，选词填空(共10 小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)用方框内短语的适当形式填空，有两项为多于选项。
As usual as if in ruins less than instead of suffer from sweep awaya large number of calm down on hand make every effort to get up on hisfeet1.Only if we _____and have a clear mind will we be able to make judgements.2.We can’t do outdoor exercises _______, but we don’t want to lie around every day.3.She has had _____five hours’ sleep a nig ht for over 40 days as she has been busyorganizing efforts to prevent and control the disease.4.When we are faced with a problem, we’d better take some actions _______justsitting around and waiting for some people to fix it.5.The high-tech company will ________help governments overcome difficultiesduring the special period.6.Justin clenched his teeth, __________and ran as fast as he could.7.They not only _______the virus, but also faced discrimination.（歧视）2/ 68.The perfect geographic location helps the city connect to _______locations aroundthe world.9.She was strangely dresses ___________she had come from the Mars.10.A submarine（潜水艇）named “Nautilus” is diving deeper to find an ancientcity____________.四，课文语法填空(共10 小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The water ___1____(rise) and fell in wells and farm animals were too nervous_2____ eat before the earthquake. But no one judged that an earthquake__3____(come).Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world were at __4____end.Millions of brick houses and a number of bridges were destroyed. Railway tracksbecame__5____(use) pieces of metal. The whole nation was __6___(shock) by thedamage.But all hope was not lost. People were__7___(deep) moved when they shelters for survivors __8____ homes had been destroyed. With strong support from thegovernment and great__9_____(wise)of the city’s people, Tangshan started to revive ___10____(it ) and rebuild a brighter future.五，翻译句子: (共5 小题，每小题3分，满分15分)1.虽然新型冠状病毒很难攻克，但是我们已经取得了很大的进步。
_______________________________________________________________________2. 昨天晚上我们看的电影非常有趣。
_______________________________________________________________________3.你笑起来真好看，就像春天的花一样。
_______________________________________________________________________4. Standing on the ancient town wall, visitor can see four old pagodas over themountains, forming a spectacular sight._______________________________________________________________________5. Hours after the disaster, local officials said that the building was still too dangerousfor rescuers to search for the missing people._______________________________________________________________________ 3/ 6六，课文概要写作:（满分15分）重新阅读Reading for Writing 部分中的课文，根据其内容完成以下内容概要。
