《新方略》拓展阅读-试题PDF版

阅读七选五专练(四)授课提示：对应学生用书115页Test 1[2019·昆明市高三复习诊断]How to Win Votes in a School ElectionIn many ways, school elections are just like elections anywhere else. __1__ You will also need to work hard to make sure people know who you are and why they should vote for you.●Decide what position to run for.__2__ Make sure you know what the position does, and what you will be able to do once you get there. There are limits to what you can do while in office, so knowing your responsibilities can keep you from making foolish campaign promises that you can't keep.●__3__ Talk to your friends about running, make sure they think it is a good idea, and ask for their help in running. You won't be able to do this alone. It looks good if the people who know you best will vote for you. Your network can also help with more practical activities, such as designing and making posters and encouraging their classmates to vote for you.●Advertise yourself. You and your campaign team should make posters, T-shirts, and other items that will let other students learn your name even if you don't get to talk to them.__4__●Encourage people to vote. Sometimes the hardest thing is actually getting people to participate in the election. __5__ Get people familiar with you so that they trust you enough to give you their vote.A．Create a network.B．Argue with people.C．Therefore, they will eventually vote for someone else.D．Speak to as many people as you can throughout the school.E．Student organizations have many offices with different responsibilities.F．To win over voters, you need to reach out to as many voters as possible.G．The most important is to include your name and the position on everything you make.体裁：说明文题材：学校生活主题：如何在校园选举中赢得选票【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在校园选举中赢得更多选票。

文言文断句新题型方略及文言文断句题练习01答题技巧:文言文断句遵循“两个原则”即:结构原则和意义原则。

(按结构和句意划分)断句方法如下:(1)根据句子的结构成分按照“主/谓”或“主/谓/宾”的原则进行划分。

如：①予|尝求|古仁人之心。

②予|独爱|莲之出淤泥而不染。

(2)句首语气词之后要断开，句末语气词之后往往断开句首语气词主要有：呜呼、噫、嗟夫(乎)、夫、若夫、盖等。

句末语气词主要有：也、平、哉、矣、耳、焉、邪、耶、与、欤等。

如：①呜呼|其真无马邪|其真不知马也。

(《马说》)②莲|花之君子者也|噫|菊之爱|陶后鲜有闻。

(《爱莲说》)③孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪|但当涉猎|见往事耳。

(《孙权劝学》)(3)在转折连词前应断开。

如：先帝创业未半/而中道崩殂。

(4)古代是两个单音词，而现代汉语中是一个复音词的，要断开。

如:①故天将降大任于|是人也。

(《生于忧患死于安乐》)(5)节奏停顿要体现出省略成分。

如:一鼓|作气，再|而衰，三|而竭。

(《曹刿论战》)“再而衰，三而竭”中“再”和“三”后面都省略了动词谓语“鼓”，“再”和“三”后面应作停顿，以体现谓语的省略。

(6)根据文意和逻辑意义确定朗读节奏。

如：①其一|犬坐于前。

(《狼》)②山行|六七里。

①中“其一”是指其中的一只狼，作全句的主语，“犬”在句中作状语，修饰“坐”，译为“像狗一样”;②中的“山”修饰“行”，“山行”译为“在山上走”，它们都应连读。

(7)对话、引文的标志后断开如：①此中人语云|不足为外人道也。

(《桃花源记》)②黔娄之妻有言|不戚戚于贫贱不汲汲于富贵。

(《五柳先生传》)(8)时间词之前往往断开。

时间词主要有少顷、少时、未几、俄顷、俄而、已而、既而、忽、忽然等。

如：①众宾团坐少顷|但闻屏障中抚尺一下。

(《口技》)②其夫呓语|既而儿醒。

(《口技》)(9)相同词语紧相连，一般中间要断开如：①徐庶见先主先主器之。

(《隆中对》)②归来见天子|天子坐明堂。

阅读提速练(一)(限时：40分钟)授课提示：对应学生用书117页阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A[2019·合肥市第一次质量检测]Panama City, PanamaFor beach vacations that get you out of town and invite you and your family to dive into culture, consider a trip to Panama City. Here, you will enjoy beaches and city exploring. Book your stay at the Westin Playa Bonita, where you can book a room starting at $222 a night. There are various programs, including beach Olympics, stargazing (天体观察) and Spanish lessons.Jupiter, FloridaThis place offers you quality time you can spend with your loved ones. Book your stay at Jupiter Beach Resort & Spa, with rates for a family of four starting at $207 a night. Here, you can shoot baskets at the basketball courts, take a dip in the pool or teach your children beach yoga.San Diego, CaliforniaThe West Coast is a great spot for cheap beach vacations, so tell your family to pack their bags for a visit to San Diego. A cheap $10 Uber ride from the airport will have you pull up at the Kona Kai Resort & Spa. Here, a family of four can stay in a Deluxe Guest Room starting at $159 per night. Your kids can practice cannonballs at the pool after a visit to the world-famous San Diego Zoo.Kihei, HawaiiFor west coasters who are growing bored with their background, fly to the islands of Hawaii. Stay at the Aston at the Maui Banyan, with a charge of $179 a night for a family of four. Here, you'll witness some of the best sunsets of your life while your kids play in the Pacific. And if you set about cooking a fancy meal, you'll enjoy suites that come with a full kitchen.体裁：应用文题材：广告主题：四个旅游观光地【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅游观光的好地方，这四个地方各具特色，都非常值得一游。

选考题命题热点一一第38题创设新情境考查现代生物科技专题［对接高考题揭秘预测］1.［2019-全国卷I］基因工程中可以通过PCR技术扩增目的基因。

回答下列问题。

(1)基因工程中所用的目的基因可以人工合成，也可以从基因文库中获得。

基因文库包括和O(2)生物体细胞内的DNA复制开始时，解开DNA双链的酶是-在体外利用PCR技术扩增目的基因时，使反应体系中的模板DNA解链为单链的条件是。

上述两个解链过程的共同点是破坏了DNA双链分子中的-(3)目前在PCR反应中使用Taq酶而不使用大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶的主要原因是。

解析：本题借助基因工程的相关知识，考查考生对生物学问题进行解释的能力；通过PCR与体内DNA复制的比较，体现了科学思维中分析与推断要素。

(1)基因文库包括基因组文库和cDNA文库。

(2)体内DNA复制时，需用解旋酶打开氢键使双链DNA解旋，而PCR扩增目的基因时，是借助高温加热至90〜95°C破坏双链之间的氢键，使DNA成为单链。

(3)PCR反应体系中进行互补链的合成时，温度需控制在70〜75°C,则应使用耐高温的DNA聚合酶，即Tbg酶，而不能使用大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶(高温下会失活)。

答案：⑴基因组文库cDNA文库(2)解旋酶加热至90〜95°C 氢键(3)Taq酶热稳定性高，而大肠杆菌DNA聚合酶在高温下会失活2.［2018-全国卷II］某种荧光蛋白(GFP)在紫外光或蓝光激发下会发出绿色荧光，这一特性可用于检测细胞中目的基因的表达。

某科研团队将某种病毒的外壳蛋白(L1)基因连接在GFP基因的夕末端，获得了LI—GFP融合基因(简称为甲)，并将其插入质粒P0,构建了真核表达载体P1,其部分结构和酶切位点的示意图如下，图中E1〜E4四种限制酶产生的黏性末端各不相同。

启动子L1基因GFP基因终止子El E2E3E4回答下列问题：(1)据图推断，该团队在将甲插入质粒P0时，使用了两种限制酶，这两种酶是。

细节理解专练(二)——间接信息类A[2019·成都第二次诊断] Author Walter Dean Myers died at the age of 76 after a brief illness. Walter Dean Myers was the author of more than 100 books for children and young adults and received many top awards.The prolific author was loved for his vivid description of the lives of African American children, and for writing books for young people that covered different subjects. “Myers has written about all those subjects with deep understanding and a hard-won, qualified sense of hope，” said Leonard S. Marcus in 2008.He was born in 1937 and was adopted by Florence Dean and Herbert after his mother died while giving birth to his younger sister. They loved him very much and his mother read to him from a very young age. Reading pushed him to discover worlds beyond his landscape.He began writing at an early age. He wrote well in high school and an English teacher recognized this and advised him to keep on writing no matter what happened to him. “It's what you do，” she said.He dropped out of high school at 17 and joined the army. After finishing his service, he entered a dark period in his life. Myers began writing at night to pull himself through that miserable time.In an essay published in The Ne w York Times earlier this year, Myers described how a short story by James Arthur Baldwin helped change the course of his life. “I didn't love the story, but I was lifted by it，” he wrote, “for it took place in Harlem, and it was a story concerned with black people like those I knew. By humanizing the people who were like me, Baldwin's story also humanized me. The story gave me a permission that I didn't know I needed, the permission to write about my own landscape, my own map.”“I write books for the troubled boy I once was，” he wrote, “and for the boy who lives within me still.”体裁：记叙文题材：人物传记主题：著名作家Walter Dean Myers【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了美国著名作家Walter Dean Myers的生平。

七年级下册语文新起航同步方略电子版1、1交警对正要闯红灯过马路的行人说：“请您遵守交通规则，等绿灯亮起时再走，多谢您的合作。

”交警的表述是得体的。

[判断题] *对(正确答案)错2、“将进酒”中“将”的读音是“jiāng”。

[判断题] *对错(正确答案)3、关于《红楼梦》中人物形象的分析，正确的一项是（) [单选题] *A.《红楼梦》中，晴雯性格温柔和顺，处事细心周到，人人称赞；袭人性情急躁直率，待人爱憎分明，受人怨谤。

二人性格迥异，却都走向悲剧结局，令人唏嘘。

B.黛玉是诗社中的佼佼者，“温柔敦厚”是姐妹们对其诗风的赞誉。

C.《红楼梦》中写史湘云有金麒麟、薛宝钗有金锁，是为了说明她们有显赫的家世，从而反衬出林黛玉出身的贫寒。

D.《红楼梦》中的刘姥姥来自社会底层，农村生活孕育了她精于世故又朴实善良的复杂性格。

(正确答案)4、1《我的母亲》中“母亲笑了。

及至听说我还须回校，她愣住了。

半天，她才叹出一口气来。

”这句话运用了动作、神态描写，生动形象地写出了母亲对儿子回家过年的喜悦，得知儿子即刻就要返校的惊讶及无奈。

[判断题] *对(正确答案)错5、《荷塘月色》的作者是（）[单选题] *周作人郭达朱自清(正确答案)鲁迅6、23．下列各项中加点字注音都正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A．酝酿（rùn）抖擞（sǒu）收敛（liǎn）神采奕奕（yì）B．贮蓄（zhù）坍塌（tān）怂恿（sǒnɡ）拈轻怕重（niān）(正确答案) C．虐待（nüè）棱镜（línɡ）附和（hè）参差不齐（cēn）D．镶嵌（xiānɡ）莅临（wèi）怅然（chànɡ）咄咄逼人（duō）7、成语完形：（）然开朗[单选题] *豁(正确答案)突天盲8、关于《红楼梦》的文化常识，选出表述正确的一项( ) [单选题] *A.林黛玉与贾宝玉二人关系为姨表兄妹。