2013年高考英语试题分类解析
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动词与动词短语1.【2013陕西】25. My uncle hasn’t been able to smoking, but at least he has______.A. cut outB. cut downC. cut upD. cut off【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。
cut down削减,减少。
句意为:我叔叔还未能戒烟,但至少他已经少抽了。
cut out切断;删去;cut up切碎,砍伤;cut off切断。
2.【2013辽宁32】Briggs will _______ as general manager when Mitchell retires.A. get awayB. take overC. set offD. run out【答案】B【解析】考查动词短语。
句意:当Mitchell退职的时候Briggs会接任作总经理。
take over 接手,接管。
【语言学习】get away逃离,脱身;set off动身,启程;run out用完,用尽。
1. She didn't get away until nine last night. 昨晚九点她才离开。
2. If you set off in the wrong direction, everything else will be wrong. 如果出发点错误,则其它的一切都不必谈了。
3. You'd better go home before your money runs out. 你最好别等钱花光再回家。
3.【2013福建28】Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ________ in disasters.A. turn downB. turn outC. break downD. break out【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
break down出故障,分解。
2013年高考英语试题分类解析冠词(1).【2013年高考英语福建卷】21. The “Chinese Dream” is ______ dream to improve people’s well-being and ______ dream of harmony, peace and development.A. the; aB. a; aC. a; theD. the; the21. B。
本题考查冠词的用法。
【句意】中国梦是一个提高人们的幸福感的梦想,是一个和谐、和平和发展的梦想。
第一个dream为泛指,用不定冠词;第二个dream与第一个dream是并列关系,也是泛指,也用不定冠词。
(2).【2013年高考英语江西卷】32. Animals are obviously ______ lower form of life than _______ man.A. a ; /B. the ; theC. a ; theD. / ; /32.A.考查冠词用法。
【句意】很显然,与人类比起来,动物是较低级的生命形式。
不定冠词与可数名词单数用在一起可表示类别;man当“人,人类”讲时,单独使用。
因此正确答案为A.(3).【2013年高考英语山东卷】22. It was ______ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across ____ night sky.A. 不填;aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; 不填22. B。
本题考查冠词的用法。
【句意】那是一个寒冷的冬天的夜晚,月光穿过夜空明亮的照耀着。
本题中一个寒冷的冬夜,应该是泛指某一个冬夜的情景,第二个空则是特指那个寒冷冬夜的夜空。
从语境可知第1空意为“一个寒冷的夜晚”,表泛指,要用a;第2空的名词across the night sky 意思为“划过夜空”。
(4).【2013年高考英语陕西卷】19. Marco Polo is said to have sailed on Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in I thirteenth century.A. the; aB. a; /C. /; theD. the; the19. D。
2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节,满分55分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)21. ——Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!——, madam. It’s our soup of the day.A. Let me seeB. So it isC. Don’t mention itD. Neither do I【参考答案】B【考查内容】情景交际【解析思路】这只是普通的蔬菜汤!的确是,女士,这就是我们今天的汤。
22. They might just have a place _____ on the writing course — why don’t you give it a try?A. leaveB. leftC. leavingD. to leave【参考答案】B【考查内容】非谓语动词【解析思路】place 与leave是被动关系,所以选过去分词。
23. Try not to cough more than you can ___ since it may cause problems to your lungs.A. checkB. allowC. stopD. help【参考答案】D【考查内容】动词【解析思路】在你能忍受的范围内尽量不要咳。
24. If we ____ now to protect the environment, we’ll live to regret it.A. hadn’t actedB. haven’t actedC. don’t actD. won’t act【参考答案】C【考查内容】条件状语从句时态【解析思路】从句用一般现在时表将来。
25. Tony can hardly boil an egg, still ____ cook dinner.A. lessB. littleC. muchD. more【参考答案】A【解析思路】不会煎鸡蛋,更不用说做饭。
名词性从句1.【2013陕西】20. It remains to be seen______ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether【答案】D【解析】考查名词性从句。
whether表“是否”,引导主语从句,it作形式主语。
句意:新成立的委员会的政策能够付诸于实践它还有待观察。
【语言学习】It remains to be seen whether…还有待观察Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains to be seen whether they will enjoy it. 去国外旅游对这对老夫妇来说当然好,但是还是得看他们是否喜欢。
2.【2013重庆28】_______ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.A. ThatB. ItC. WhatD. Which【答案】C【解析】考查名词性从句。
What引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,它相当于the thing that…;that只陈述,不做成分;which表示在确定范围内进行选择,译为“哪一个”。
句意:电影中给我印象最深是父亲给儿子深深的爱。
【语言学习】strike1. 击,打He's struck by his father.他挨了父亲的打。
to strike the door 用力敲门2. 撞击,碰撞;冲击His car directly struck a tree. 他的汽车一头撞到了树上。
3. 擦燃(火柴)He quickly struck a match to light her cigarette. 他急忙擦着一根火柴,为她点燃了香烟。
绝密★启用前2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
考试结束,将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷注意事项:1. 答第Ⅰ卷时,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框。
不能答在试卷上,否则无效。
第一部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
例:It is generally considered unwise to give a child _______ he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案为B。
1. —I'm sorry I made a mistake!—_______. Nobody is perfect.A. Take your timeB. You're rightC. Whatever you sayD. Take it easy【答案】D【解析】考查交际用语。
take it easy放松。
句意:—很抱歉,犯了一错误。
—放松些,别放心上。
人无完人。
Take your time慢慢来,别着急,用于宽慰时间紧的人;You're right你是对的;Whatever you say无论你说什么。
这些都不符合语境。
2. Would you like to_______ with us to the film tonight?A. come alongB. come offC. come acrossD. come through【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。
come along一起来,陪伴。
情态动词与虚拟语气1.【2013陕西21】The children______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.A. must have gotB. must getC. should have gotD. should get【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。
句意:孩子们肯定在树林里迷路了;否则的话,他们就该按计划在湖边的宿营地了。
副词otherwise之前的句子表示推测,之后的句子表示虚拟。
must have done 表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测,语气强烈。
2.【2013陕西12】My mom suggests that we______ eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。
关键词suggest表示建议时,其后的名词性从句中用“should+动词原形”。
句意:我妈妈建议周末我们应该改变一下外出吃饭。
3.【2013重庆29】—It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we_______.A. hadn’tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。
虚拟条件句主句从句均为对过去的虚拟,if从句中用过去完成时,主句多用would have done的形式,从句省略了taken,保留了过去完成时的助动词。
句意:—早上下大雨。
我很高兴带了伞。
—是的, 要是没带伞,会浑身湿透。
【语言学习】rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨When we were well on the way, it began to rain cats and dog. 野餐进行到一半时,天开始下起大暴雨,弄得每个人都湿透了4.【2013重庆26】—What are you doing this Saturday?—I’m not sure, but I_______ go to the Rolling Stones concert.A. mustB. wouldC. shouldD. might【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词。
介词与介词短语1. 【2013新课标I卷34】It was a real race_______ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it.A. overB. byC. forD. against【答案】D【解析】考查介词。
against以…为竞争对手;与…相竞争。
句意:完成该项目是与时间的一次赛跑。
有幸做到了【语言学习】against1. 相反,反对;违反,违背against one's will 违心地,违背意愿地to fight against evil同邪恶做斗争2. 撞击;撞着,与…相撞,同…冲突to push against the door用力推门3. 逆行,对着;跟…反方向:to drive against the traffic (汽车)逆行against the current 逆流4. 与…形成对照,与…衬托;以…为背景green against the gold金黄色打底的绿色5. 紧贴着,倚靠,凭the house against the church教堂隔壁的房子6. 以防,为…做准备(或防备)We provided against a poor crop. 我们防备歉收。
7. 以…为抵抗(或抵御)对象;以…为防御措施:We are all taking medicine against the cold. 我们都服药以防感冒。
8. 以…为竞争对手;与…相竞争to work against time以最快的速度工作2.【2013新课标II卷11】A serious study of physics is impossible_______ some knowledge of mathematics.A. againstB. beforeC. beyondD. without【答案】D【解析】考查介词。
without没有。
状语从句与并列句1.【2013陕西】18. I have heard a lot of good things about you______ I came back from abroad.A. sinceB. untilC. beforeD. when【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。
Since“自从何时以来”,引导时间从句。
句意:自从我从国外回来,我已经听说了关于你的许多好的事情。
2.【2013重庆25】_______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.A. Once B As long as C. Unless D. Since【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句。
Unless引导条件状语从句。
句意:除非我们有足够的证据,否则这个案子我们不能取胜。
3.【2013重庆23】It's not easy to change habits, _______ with awareness and self-control, it is possible.A. forB. orC. butD. so【答案】C【解析】考查并列连词。
句意:改变习惯不易,但如果是有意识和有自我控制能力的话,还是有可能的。
语境表明前后分句为转折关系,用并列连词but连接两分句。
【语言学习】awarenessPublic service advertisements should be put on mass media to raise public awareness of environmental protection. 政府可以投入公益广告,提高公众环保意识。
4.【2013辽宁24】One can always manage to do more things, no matter _______ full one’s schedule is in life.A. howB. whatC. whenD. where【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。
名词与主谓一致1.【2013重庆22】—Would you like a glass of wine?—_______. I don't drink.A. No, thanksB. Yes, pleaseC. I don't like itD. It's my favorite【答案】A【解析】考查交际用语。
No, thanks谢谢。
英语中别人的询问应婉言拒绝。
句意:—喝杯酒吗?—谢谢,我不喝酒。
2.【2013辽宁23】The accident caused so me______ to my car, but it’s nothing serious.A. harmB. injuryC. ruinD. damage【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。
Damage有损坏,但修复。
句意:故事给我的车带来一些损坏,但不严重。
harm伤害,常构成短语“do harm to…”;injury受伤,多指对人的伤害,ruin毁坏,损毁,不可修复。
根据句意可知答案空格处用damage。
3.【2013福建23】The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invitedB. was invitedC. have been invitedD. has been invited【答案】B【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。
题干主语中心词为介词短语as well as之前的musician,故谓语使用单数;句中信息at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo表明时态用一般过去时态。
句意:那位著名音乐家,以及他的学生被邀请参加开幕式的2012台北花卉博览会。
落堕市安心阳光实验学校2013高考英语真题特色题型详解―其它(情景对话、译句或完成句子、单词拼写及语音知识)一、(2013上海卷)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 今年元旦我们玩得很开心。
(enjoy)【答案】We enjoyed ourselves very much on this New Year's Day.【解析】本题考查固定短语。
玩得很开心,常用“enjoy oneself very much”来表达;同时,注意元旦的表达方式为New Year's Day。
2. 舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片,祝贺我18岁生日。
(congratulate)【答案】My uncle sent me a card to congratulate me on my eighteenth birthday yesterday.【解析】本题考查固定短语。
祝贺某人……,常用“congratulate sb on sth”来表达。
另外18岁生日需要用序数词eighteenth,注意拼写。
3. 经过多年的建设,这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。
(as...as)【答案】After years of construction, this town is as lively now as it used to be before the earthquake.【解析】本题考查固定结构。
与……一样,常用“as...as”的结构,两个as之间通常接形容词或副词比较级。
本句中,要表达充满了活力,用形容词“lively”即可。
4. 演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。
(familiar)【答案】The show started with a piece of music familiar to people in their fifties.【解析】本题考查固定短语。
2013年高考英语试题分类解析非谓语动词【2013北京】24. the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.A. FindB. FindingC. To findD. Found【2013北京】29. When we saw the road with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.A. blockB. to blockC. blockingD. blocked【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
此处非谓语动词作宾补,动词block与see的宾语the road之间为被动关系,构成短语see sb/ sth done。
故选D。
【2013福建】22. ______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. KnownB. Having knownC. KnowingD. Being known【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
此句谓语为will help,因此所选非谓语动词做主语,故使用动名词,答案选C。
【2013福建】32. Anyone, once _______ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be testedB. being testedC. testedD. to test【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词和状语从句的省略。
状语从句连词once之后的非谓语动词与主句主语anyone之间为被动关系,故选过去分词。
【2013湖南】25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.A. bathedB. bathingC. to have bathedD. have bathed【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
动词bathe与主语the sun之间为主动关系,且表示进行,故选B。
【2013湖南】29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.A. offeringB. to offerC. having offeredD. offered【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
先判断此处需要填非谓语动词作opinion的后置定语;再判断opinion与动词offer间为被动关系,故答案选D。
【2013湖南】30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.A. readB. readingC. to readD. reads【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
分析句子,不难判断,该句为祈使句,故用动词原形,答案选A。
【2013江苏】24. Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe.A. setB. settingC. to setD. having set【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
首先判断该句谓语为is considered,故可知横线部分为非谓语动词,描述主语Lionel Messi。
短语set the record与主语之间为主动关系,故选B。
【2013江苏】31.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and to ruins, the city took on a new look.A. reducingB. reducedC. being reducedD. having reduced【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
首先判断此处是and连接的after之后的并列的动名词形式;且reduce与主语city之间为被动关系,故选C。
【2013江西】34. If _____ to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.A. askedB. to askC. askingD. having asked 【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略。
状语从句连词if之后省去了从句的主语,即主句的主语;而主句为祈使句,默认主语为you;主语you与动词ask之间为被动关系,故使用过去分词。
答案选A。
【2013辽宁】28. Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ______ for her.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. was waiting【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。
此题there be句型的主语mail后接后置定语,wait与mail间为主动关系,且wait这个动作正在进行,故选C,现在分词。
【2013山东】25. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _____ in one corner.A. standingB. to standC. standsD. stood【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
现在分词standing作bookshelf后置定语,表主动进行。
【2013山东】33. ________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.A. Having eatenB. To eatC. EatD. Eating【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
句意为:因为以前曾经在自助餐厅吃过,Tina再也不想在那儿吃了。
动词eat与主语Tina之间为主动关系,再根据句中before可知需强调eat这个动作发生在主动词之前,可知用现在分词完成体Having eaten表主动完成,作原因状语。
【2013陕西】13. Let those in need that we will go all out to help them.A. to understandB. understandC. understandingD. understood【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。
动词let后接动词原形understand做宾补,表示与宾语those in need 之间为主动关系,构成短语let sb do sth。
故选B。
【2013陕西】14. The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.A. questionedB. being questionedC. to be questionedD. having questioned 【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
首先判断此处需要一个非谓语动词作witnesses的后置定语;且判断动词question与witnesses间为被动关系;根据非谓语动词短语中标志词just now可知动作question已经完成。
故可选A。
区别:done作后置定语意为“已被…的”;being done 作后置定语意为“正被…的”;to be done作后置定语意为“将被…的”。
【2013四川】8. _______ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.A. Not knowingB. Knowing notC. Not knownD. Known not【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主语the girl与非谓语动词know之间为主动关系,故用现在分词;且非谓语动词的否定式应在其前加否定词。
据此可知答案为A。
此处分词Not knowing 在句中作原因状语。
【2013天津】10. In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.A. usingB. to useC. having usedD. used【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
非谓语动词use在句中作words的后置定语,与其存在被动关系,故使用过去分词used,答案为D。
【2013新课标II卷】5.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。
根据句意,因为我赶上了7:30的车,所以那天我更早地到了办公室,可知赶车发生在到办公室之前,且与主语I之间为主动关系,故使用现在分词完成体表主动完成。
【2013新课标I卷】35. The sunlight is white and blinding, hard-edged shadows on the ground.A. throwingB. being thrownC. to throwD. to be thrown【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
主语sunlight与throw shadows之间为主动关系,故选A。
【2013浙江】7. ______how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.A. HearingB. HearC. Having heardD. To be hearing【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。
需辨明句子结构:句子谓语为creates,之前为主语,因此可以判断是非谓语动词作主语,故选动名词做主语。
【2013浙江】19. There are some health problems that, when ______ in time, can become bigger ones later on.A. not treatedB. not being treatedC. not to be treatedD. not have been treated【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略。