LCD术语

English Chinese Definition Active AreaPerimeter dimensions of the conductive area, within the viewing area of the LCD glass.AnnunciatorAn active element, such as a symbol, word, or phrase.BezelA metal or plastic frame which fits over the LCD glass. The bezel acts as pressure device, compressing the elastomer connector between the LCD Cell GapThe spacing between the two pieces of glass. This space contains the liquid crystal fluid.Chip-on-board The LCD driver is formatted into an area on the PCB. Electrical connections are made by micro diameter gold wires. The entire area is Chip-on-glass A new technology being developed, where the LCD driver format is actually mounted on the surface of the LCD glass.Chip-on-flex The LCD driver is incorporated into a flex connector, which is attached to the contact edge of the LCD mon/BackplaneThe conductive surface on one of the two pieces of glass, which superimposes the pattern on the second piece of glass. The number of backplanes corresponds to the duty ratio.Cold Cathode BacklightA type of fluorescent backlighting or edge lighting. Used in medium to large size graphic LCD modules.Contact Edge The extended area of the LCD glass which contains the conductive leads/traces, to which electrical connections is made by a connector.Contrast ratio The difference in luminance between the unselected area and the selected area.CursorA row or block of dots, used to indicate the location of the next character or symbol to be entered. Used in dot matrix character and graphic LCD Dil Pins Individual metal pins, bonded by epoxy, to each conductive lead/trace onthe contact edge.LCD 專業術語中英文對照表Direct/Static Drive Each conductive lead on the contact edge, connects to one segment or annunicator.Dot/Pixel Typically a rectangular active element, when combined together in a matrix, forms a character or symbol.Dot Matrix A group of dots/pixels forming a character or symbol. The most common dot matrix is a 5 x 7 matrix (5 dots across; 7 dots down).DIL (Dual-In-Line)Two parallel rows of connection holes on a PCB. Also refers to the type of connector needed with this array.Duty Ratio 1/N, where N equals the number of energized or unenergized segments selected by one complete cycle.Elastomer Connector A strip of silicon rubber made up of sequentially spaced conductive and non-conductive material. This is the most common connection method Electrophresis A phenomenon which occurs when excess DC voltage is applied to an LCD. Conductive particles from one piece of glass are transferred through the LC fluid and deposited on the conductive surface of the opposite piece of glass. A conductive spike is created thus causing a dead Electroluminesc ent Lamp Is a thin membrane consisting of two coated electrode plates with an aluminum reflector. When AC voltage is applied to the electrodes, the electrons collide with the light emission core. The energy given off is Fiber Optic Backlight Fiber optic are flattened and then sandwiched between two pieces of pliable plastic. The top piece is used as the diffuser. The opposite ends are tied into a coupler, which is connected to an LED or Halogen light Fill Hole A space left between the epoxy seals, after assembly on one end of the LCD glass. This space is used to fill the glass with the LC fluid, which is noted by a mound of epoxy on one of the glass.Font The active pattern which has all information to be displayed in the LCD glass.Ghosting A phenomenon which occurs when voltage from energized element leaks to an adjacent OFF element and turns the adjacent element partially ON.Heat Seal A flat, flexible, adhesive connector which is bonded to the contact edgeof the glass by heat. Typically used on large graphic modules.Interconnect Dot Connects pattern piece of glass to each backplane. Consists of silver impregnated epoxy.Inverter (DC to AC)Used to power electroluminescent lamps. Converts DC to AC voltage at a high frequency 300Hz -1 kHz.Isotropic Stage When the fluid heats up or cools down to the point where the fluid is no longer in the twisted nematic state. The molecules can no longer twist light and, therefore, all incoming light is absorbed. In positive image displays, the viewing area turns completely dark. The display will revert back to the twisted nematic state when cooled below the isotropicLeads The conductive trace(s) on the contact edge of the glass.LED Backlight A form of backlighting for small to medium size CDs that use surface mount LEDs on a substrate with a light diffuser over the top. In some cases LEDs are placed at each end of the module and light is directedLiquid Crystal Fluid Has properties of both a fluid and solid. Consisting of rod shaped, bipolar molecules, which in the OFF state are capable of twisting polarized light.Module Consists of LCD (glass) connected to a PCB with drivers on board. Controllers, temperature compensation circuits, etc, are optional.Multiplex Using multiple backplanes (commons) in order to reduce the number of connections betweenNegative Image The viewing area is a dark color in the OFF state. The condition is achieved by having both front and rear polarizers in the same axis. In this mode, light passes through the energized areas. Some type of backlight must be used in order to effectively view the information.Pitch Is the center to center dimension of adjacent conductive traces, dots, or connector holes.Polarizers Are made of a polymer acetate with iodide molecules incorporated in the material. The molecules are arranged to only allow scattered light to enter in one plane/axis. Twisted nematic LCDs require two polarizers,Positive Image Active elements, when energized, appear dark in color against a light background (non-energized); I.e., reflective, transflective, transmissive,RCF (Retardation control Film)A thin (100 micros thick) piece of material laminated to the rear polarizer. Function is to change normal blue colored dots to black. Used on supertwist graphic modules with a CFL light source. CommonlyReflective Typically a smooth silver/gray piece of polished aluminum foil bonded to the rear polarizer. Reflects the incoming ambient light. Note : Backlighting can note used with a reflective type LCD.Response Time(T OFF)Total of delay time (Td off) and rise time Tr.Response Time (T ON)Total of rise time Tr and delay time Td on; Time interval between 10%(on) to 90%(on).Saturation Voltage RMS voltage required to turn fluid to 90%(on).Segment An active element of a digit (i.e., typically numeric digits have 7 segments and alpha/numeric digits can have 14 or 16 segments)SIL (Single-In-Line)An LCD module having a single row of connection holes, LCD glass having a single contact edge.Supertwisted Nematic (STN)An improved twisted nematic fluid (200 degrees twist or greater) which has better contrast and optimum viewing range than standard twisted nematic (90 degrees). Acronyms - SBE, New TN; NTN; SNTN.TAB (Tape Automated Bonding)LCD driver or controller electronics are encapsulated in a thin, hard bubble package, of which the drive leads extend from the bubble package on a thin plastic substrate. The adhesive along the edges is used to attach the TAB to the LCD glass and/or PCB.Threshold Voltage RMS voltage required to turn fluid to 10%(on).Transflective A type of backing which is bonded to the rear polarizer. Enables light to pass through the back, as well as reflecting light from the front.Transmissive A type of LCD which does not have a reflector or transflector laminated to the rear polarizer. A backlight must be used with this type of LCD configuration. Most common is transmissive negative image.Twisted Nematic (TN)A type of liquid crystal whereas the aligment surface and therefore the LC molecules are oriented 90 degrees from each surface of glass.Viewing Angle A cone perpendicular to the LCD in which minimum contrast can be seen.Viewing Area The dimensions measured from the inside perimeter of the LCD bezel or LCD glass epoxy seal.Zebra Connector See Elastomer Connector.。

都有，而且几乎清一色为真彩色显示模块。

除了TFT类LCD外，一般小型LCD都内置控制器(控制器的概念相当于显示卡上的主控芯片)，直接提供MPU接口；而大中型LCD，要想控制其显示，都需要外加控制器，电路非常复杂。

三．不同类型的LCD产品LCD、LCM终端 LCD就是指已经封装好液晶材料和引出电极的液晶玻璃面板，不包括LCD驱动器和控制器，它是所有LCD产品的最原始状态。

市场上面向直接用户的玻璃产品仅限于低密度的位段型产品。

　LCM（LCDModule）即液晶显示模块，是指将玻璃和LCD驱动器集成到一起的LCD显示产品，它提供用户一个标准的LCD显示驱动接口（有4位、8位、VGA等不同类型），用户按照接口要求进行操作来控制LCD正确显示。

LCM相比较玻璃是一种更高集成度的LCD产品，对小尺寸LCD 显示，LCM可以比较方便的与各种微控制器（比如单片机）连接；但是，对于大尺寸或彩色的LCD 显示，一般会占用控制系统相当大部分的资源或根本无法实现控制，比如320×240 256色的彩色LC M，以20场/秒（即1秒钟全屏刷新显示20次）显示，一秒钟仅传输的数据量就高达：320×240×8×2 0＝11.71875Mb或1.465MB，如果让标准MCS51系列单片机处理，假设重复使用MOVX指令连续传输这些数据，考虑地址计算时间，至少需要接421.875MHz的时钟才能完成数据的传输，可见处理数据量的巨大。

LCD终端是指将LCD显示相关的所有器件或功能模组集成到一起的LCD显示产品，由于绝大部分显示和控制工作在终端内部完成，所以它仅需要提供用户一个低速的标准串行接口就可以方便的实现各种显示功能。

由于LCD产品，尤其是大规模LCM产品，需要处理信息量大，软件、硬件设计复杂，对一般的工程师来说，是一个不小的挑战，而LCD终端将用户从烦琐的LCM研发、调试中解放出来，大大加快了产品的研发进度，并且由于专业分工，确保了整个产品的稳定性，生产、维护都比较方便。

lcd timing的理解
LCD（Liquid Crystal Display）的timing指的是液晶显示屏
幕在刷新显示内容时所需的时间序列和时序控制。

液晶显示屏通常
由若干行和列的像素组成，每个像素需要在特定的时间内被刷新以
显示正确的图像。

液晶显示屏的timing涉及到像素的刷新、行列扫描、数据传输等方面。

液晶显示屏的timing包括水平同步和垂直同步。

水平同步控制
像素数据的传输和刷新，而垂直同步则控制屏幕的帧率和刷新率。

这些timing信号由显示控制器发送到液晶显示屏，以确保像素能够
按照正确的顺序和时间被刷新，从而呈现出清晰的图像。

在液晶显示屏的timing中，还涉及到像素的响应时间、刷新率、数据传输速度等参数。

响应时间指的是像素从接收到数据到完全刷
新所需的时间，而刷新率则是指屏幕每秒刷新的次数，通常以赫兹（Hz）来表示。

数据传输速度则是指像素数据从显示控制器传输到
液晶屏的速度，这也会影响到图像的稳定性和清晰度。

此外，液晶显示屏的timing还需要考虑到不同的显示模式和分
辨率。

不同的显示模式（如视频模式、游戏模式、电脑模式等）可
能需要不同的timing设置，以达到最佳的显示效果。

而不同的分辨率也会对timing产生影响，因为不同分辨率下像素的排列和刷新方式可能会有所不同。

总的来说，液晶显示屏的timing是一项复杂的工程，需要考虑到多个因素，包括同步信号、响应时间、刷新率、数据传输速度以及显示模式和分辨率等。

只有合理的timing设置才能确保液晶显示屏能够以最佳状态显示图像，并且在不同的应用场景下都能够表现出色。

目前最全的LCD专业术语(中英文资料)<超全面+超长> Backlight:背光。

CCFL(CCFT) (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Light/Tube):冷阴极荧光灯。

Composite vide复合视频。

Component vide分量视频。

COB(Chip On Board):IC裸片通过邦定固定于印刷线路板上。

COF(Chip On Film):将IC封装于柔性线路板上。

COG(Chip On Glass):将IC封装于玻璃上。

CRT(Cathode Radial Tube):阴极射线管。

DPI(Dot Per Inch):点每英寸。

Duty:占空比，高出点亮的阀值电压的部分在一个周期中所占的比率。

DVI(Digital Visual Interface):（VGA）数字接口。

ECB(Electrically Controlled Birefringence):电控双折射。

EL(Electro luminescence):电致发光。

EL层由高分子量薄片构成FSTN(Formulated STN):薄膜补偿型STN,用于黑白显示。

HTN(High Twisted Nematic):高扭曲向列的显示类型。

IC(Integrate Circuit):集成电路。

Inverter:逆变器。

ITO(Indium-Tin Oxide):氧化铟锡。

LCD(Liquid Crystal Display):液晶显示器。

LCM(Liquid Crystal Module): 液晶模块。

LED(Light Emitting Diode):发光二极管。

LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signaling):低压差分信号。

NTSC(National Television Systems Committee):NTSC制式,全国电视系统委员会制式OSD(On Screen Display):在屏上显示。

LCD显示器相关术语详解一、•LCD显示器概述二、•液晶板类型与色彩数三、•屏幕尺寸四、•接口类型与HDCP协议五、•点距六、•亮度七、•对比度八、•黑白响应时间九、•灰阶响应时间十、•水平扫描频率十一、•垂直扫描频率十二、•带宽•十三、•可视角度十四、•宽屏十五、•分辨率十六、•安规认证一•LCD显示器概述液晶显示器(LCD)英文全称为Liquid Crystal Display，它一种是采用了液晶控制透光度技术来实现色彩的显示器。

和CRT显示器相比，LCD的优点是很明显的。

由于通过控制是否透光来控制亮和暗，当色彩不变时，液晶也保持不变，这样就无须考虑刷新率的问题。

对于画面稳定、无闪烁感的液晶显示器，刷新率不高但图像也很稳定。

LCD 显示器还通过液晶控制透光度的技术原理让底板整体发光，所以它做到了真正的完全平面。

一些高档的数字LCD 显示器采用了数字方式传输数据、显示图像，这样就不会产生由于显卡造成的色彩偏差或损失。

完全没有辐射的优点，即使长时间观看LCD显示器屏幕也不会对眼睛造成很大伤害。

体积小、能耗低也是CRT显示器无法比拟的，一般一台15寸LCD显示器的耗电量也就相当于17寸纯平CRT显示器的三分之一。

目前相比CRT显示器，LCD显示器图像质量仍不够完善。

色彩表现和饱和度LCD显示器都在不同程度上输给了CRT显示器，而且液晶显示器的响应时间也比CRT显示器长，当画面静止的时候还可以，一旦用于玩游戏、看影碟这些画面更新速度块而剧烈的显示时，液晶显示器的弱点就暴露出来了，画面延迟会产生重影、脱尾等现象，严重影响显示质量。

LCD显示器的工作原理：从液晶显示器的结构来看，无论是笔记本电脑还是桌面系统，采用的LCD显示屏都是由不同部分组成的分层结构。

LCD由两块玻璃板构成，厚约1mm，其间由包含有液晶材料的5μm均匀间隔隔开。

因为液晶材料本身并不发光，所以在显示屏两边都设有作为光源的灯管，而在液晶显示屏背面有一块背光板（或称匀光板）和反光膜，背光板是由荧光物质组成的可以发射光线，其作用主要是提供均匀的背景光源。

LCD百科名片LCD 液晶显示器是Liquid Crystal Display 的简称，LCD 的构造是在两片平行的玻璃基板当中放置液晶盒，下基板玻璃上设置TFT（薄膜晶体管），上基板玻璃上设置彩色滤光片，通过TFT上的信号与电压改变来控制液晶分子的转动方向，从而达到控制每个像素点偏振光出射与否而达到显示目的。

现在LCD已经替代CRT成为主流，价格也已经下降了很多，并已充分的普及。

目录LCD简介技术参数分类工作原理技术参数特点工作原理展开LCD简介技术参数分类工作原理技术参数特点工作原理展开LCD简介LCD液晶投影机是液晶显示技术和投影技术相结合的产物，它利用了液晶的电光效应，通过电路控制液晶单元的透射率及反射率，从而产生不同灰度层次及多达1670万种色彩的靓丽图像。

LCD投影机的主要成像器件是液晶板。

LCD投影机的体积取决于液晶板的大小，液晶板越小，投影机的体积也就越小。

根据电光效应，液晶材料可分为活性液晶和非活性液晶两类，其中活性液晶具有较高的透光性和可控制性。

液晶板使用的是活性液晶，人们可通过相关控制系统来控制液晶板的亮度和颜色。

与液晶显示器相同，LCD投影机采用的是扭曲向列型液晶。

LCD投影机的光源是专用大功率灯泡，发光能量远远高于利用荧光发光的CRT投影机，所以LCD投影机的亮度和色彩饱和度都高于CRT投影机。

LCD投影机的像元是液晶板上的液晶单元，液晶板一旦选定，分辨率就基本确定了，所以LCD投影机调节分辨率的功能要比CRT投影机差。

LCD投影机按内部液晶板的片数可分为单片式和三片式两种，现代液晶投影机大都采用3片式LCD板。

三片式LCD投影机是用红、绿、蓝三块液晶板分别作为红、绿、蓝三色光的控制层。

光源发射出来的白色光经过镜头组后会聚到分色镜组，红色光首先被分离出来，投射到红色液晶板上，液晶板“记录”下的以透明度表示的图像信息被投射生成了图像中的红色光信息。

绿色光被投射到绿色液晶板上，形成图像中的绿色光信息，同样蓝色光经蓝色液晶板后生成图像中的蓝色光信息，三种颜色的光在棱镜中会聚，由投影镜头投射到投影幕上形成一幅全彩色图像。