2020考研英语大纲及解析：完型填空

2020年考研英语一真题及答案：完形填空National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates （NETEM）Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.（10 points）Though not biologically related， friends are as “related” as fourth cousins， sharing about 1% of genes. That is _（1）_a study， published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences， has__（2）__. The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted __（3）__1， 932 unique subjects which __（4）__pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_（5）__. While 1% may seem_（6）_， it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler， professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego， says，“Most people do not even _（7）_their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_（8）_our kin.”The study_（9）_found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity .Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain， for now， _（10）_， as the team suggests， it draws us to similar environments but there is more_（11）_it. There could be many mechanisms working together that _（12）_us in choosing genetically similarfriends_（13）_“functional Kinship” of being friends with_（14）_！One of the remarkable findings of the study was thesimilar genes seem to be evolution_（15）_than other genes Studying this could help_（16）_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30， 000 years， with social environmentbeing a major_（17）_factor. The findings do not simplyexplain people's_（18）_to befriend those of similar_（19）_backgrounds， say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction， carewas taken to_（20）_that all subjects， friends and strangers，were taken from the same population.1. [A] when [B] why [C] how [D] what2. [A] defended [B] concluded [C] withdrawn [D] advised3. [A] for [B] with [C] on [D] by4. [A] compared [B] sought [C] separated [D] connected5. [A] tests [B] objects [C]samples [D] examples6. [A] insignificant [B] unexpected [C]unbelievable [D] incredible7. [A] visit [B] miss [C] seek [D] know8. [A] resemble [B] influence [C] favor [D] surpass9. [A] again [B] also [C] instead [D] thus10. [A] Meanwhile [B] Furthermore [C] Likewise [D]Perhaps11. [A] about [B] to [C]from [D]like12. [A] drive [B] observe [C] confuse [D]limit13. [A] according to [B] rather than [C] regardless of [D] along with14. [A] chances [B]responses [C]missions [D]benefits15. [A] later [B]slower [C] faster [D] earlier16. [A]forecast [B]remember [C]understand [D]express17. [A] unpredictable [B]contributory [C] controllable [D] disruptive18. [A] endeavor [B]decision [C]arrangement [D] tendency19. [A] political [B] religious [C] ethnic [D] economic20. [A] see [B] show [C] prove [D] tell【参考答案】DBCAC ADABD BABDC CBDCA【试题点评】完型填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的水平和语感。

2020考研英语(二)入学测评答案解析参考答案：完型填空：1-5CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15BCDCB 16-20 DADAC阅读理解：21-25 CDADA 26-30ACDAB 31-35DBACD 36-40CDBCA新题型：41-45 BGDEF翻译：想想那些稍纵即逝的瞬间，当你坐在飞机上，眼望窗外时，发现自己正在天空翱翔，飞得比鸟儿还高；再想想你那比牛皮纸信封还要薄的笔记本电脑，或者手掌大小的手机，这些事物不禁让人感叹奇迹。

作为梦想成果的受益者，我们真是幸运。

20世纪下半叶，涌现出一批天才、勇士、企业家和畅想家，他们合力创造了一台不可思议的机器。

它集打字机和印刷机、摄影室和剧院、画笔和美术馆、钢琴和收音机、邮件和邮递员等诸多功能于一身。

联网计算机是一台令人称奇的计算机。

它是第一台具备此种功能的媒体机器：它既是一种生产方式，也是一种发布信息的途径；它既是接收信息的站点，也是发表评论的平台。

计算机就是21世纪的文化机器。

答案解析：一、完型填空1.正确选项【C】该句由“But”引导，说明该句与前一句表达意思相反，前后是转折关系，“some claims to the contrary”表示相反的关系，A among（在...之中；在...中间）；B except（除...之外）；C despite（尽管）；D like（像）四个选项中，只有C项despite能表达转折的意思。

2. 正确选项【D】A reflect（反映，反省）；B demand（要求，需要）；C indicate （表明，指出）D produce（制造，产生，引起）该句意为“笑确实会让心脏和心血管功能_______短时间的变化。

”因此，选择D选项produce“制造，产生，引起”。

3. 正确选项【B】A stabilizing表示“稳定（政治局势）”；B项boosting （促进，增强）；C项impairing（损害，减少）；D项determining（决定）空格处出现的地方是由动词现在分词引导的伴随状语，补充说明笑带来的短时间的变化，具体是心率的提高和耗氧量的增加。

2020年考研英语二完形填空答案及解析(海文版)1、【答案】[C] signal【解析】此题所在的上下文内容的意思是：陌生人之间没有交流，大家都只注重自己的手机，甚至不_______。

A项“票”，B项“允许”，C项“信号，打招呼”，D项“记录”;选项中，只有C项符合上下文语义，所以signal准确。

2、【答案】[D] much【解析】第二个空格所在句子的语义内容是：我们避免和其他人交流是件很悲哀的是，原因在与和陌生人交流，我们会收获_______。

根据句子内容，显然是指和陌生人交流，我们会从中收获很多东西。

A.B.C.三个选项均不符合句意。

所以答案选much.3、【答案】[C] plugged【解析】该题所在语境的意思是：不知道和陌生人交流，我们会从中收获很多东西吗，原因在于____我们的手机。

A.打;B.引导;C.插入，投入;D.带来;四个选项分别带入句中，能够判断出plugged符合句意。

4、【答案】[A] message【解析】该题所在句子的意思是：这种普遍存有的盔甲(不和陌生人交流)传递了“不要靠近我”这个________。

显然这里考察了动宾搭配的考点，而且空格处的内容是说“不要靠近我”。

所以，根据send这个动词和空格处后面的内容能够判断出，答案为message。

其他选项均不符合前后语义。

5、【答案】[C] behind【解析】该所要表达的意思是：…藏在我们屏幕的_______位置。

A.下面;B.之外; C.后面;D. 来自;四个选项分别带入原句，只有behind符合句意。

6、【答案】[D] misinterpreted【解析】空的语境为：我们害怕被拒绝，也害怕我们善意的社交之举被____成“怪异的”，只有答案D符合上下文语义。

7、【答案】[D] delayed【解析】空格所在句与前后句同为we fear…的并列句，故句意应前后保持一致。

前一句说“我们害怕被拒绝，被误解”，后一句说“我们害怕被打扰”，A选项带入语义不通，B，C选项不符合该文语境，D选项带入文中“我们害怕被耽搁时间”，符合上下文语义，故答案为D。

2020英语二完型解析一、引言完形填空是英语二考试中的重要组成部分，它不仅考察学生的词汇、语法等基础知识，还对学生的阅读理解、逻辑分析能力提出了一定的要求。

本文将针对2020年英语二完型填空进行详细解析，帮助考生更好地理解题目、把握解题技巧，从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。

二、文章分析1. 文章背景：本文选自某英文杂志，主要讲述了一种新兴的环保技术——生物降解塑料。

该技术利用微生物分解塑料，减少塑料污染问题，具有很高的现实意义。

2. 文章结构：本文共15个自然段，每段主题明确，结构清晰。

首段为引言，介绍文章主题；主体部分从不同角度阐述生物降解塑料的优势和前景；结尾段总结全文，强调环保的重要性。

3. 主题词汇：文章中出现了一些与环保、塑料降解相关的专业词汇，如微生物、塑料污染、环保技术等。

考生需对这些词汇进行积累，以便更好地理解文章。

三、完型填空题目解析1. 题目设置：本文共15个小题，每题2分，共计30分。

题目类型包括词汇题、固定搭配题、语法题和逻辑推理题。

2. 解题思路：（1）通读全文，理解文章主旨和细节；（2）将选项与文章内容进行比对，结合上下文判断正确答案；（3）注意逻辑关系，分析句子之间的衔接；（4）结合生活常识和背景知识，做出合理判断。

3. 参考答案：经过分析，我们发现本次完型填空的难度适中，主要考察学生的词汇、语法和逻辑分析能力。

参考答案如下：（请在此处插入正确答案）4. 易错选项分析：在解题过程中，有些考生可能会对以下三个选项感到困惑：（1）选项A的词汇题：该题考查学生对单词“reduce”的掌握情况，需要结合上下文判断其在文中的含义。

考生需要注意“reduce”与“decline”和“concentrate”的区别，不能混淆使用。

（2）选项B的固定搭配题：该题考查学生对固定搭配“in the light of”的掌握情况。

考生需要理解该搭配的含义，并注意上下文的逻辑关系。

（3）选项C的语法题：该题考查学生对句子结构的掌握情况，需要分析句子的主谓宾等成分。

2020考研英语二答案（完整版）完型填空参考答案：C 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] whenB 2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusionD 3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessaryC 4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realismD 5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] changeB 6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumedA 7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] OftenD 8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquarteredA 9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasizeB 10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methodsA 11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliableC 12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] brokeA 13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compareD 14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious[D]experiencedA 15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] neverD 16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equallyC 17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] SinceC 18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikesA 19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] shareB 20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out阅读参考答案：新题型参考答案：Directions：Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.[A]Be silly[B]Have fun[C]Express your emotions[D]Don't overthink it[E]Be easily pleased[F]Notice things[G]Ask for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41._______C_______What does a child do when he's sad?He cries.When he's angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we growup,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.42.______E_______A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn't stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._________A_____________Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.44.________B___________The problem with being a grown up is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the things we love.Those things might besocial,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)--it doesn't matter,so long asthey're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45.________D___________Having said all of the above,it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said："Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness."And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.翻译参考答案：【考点解析】be designed to do sth 旨在做某事The longer...the more... 越......越.....According to......根据....some 大约the volume of 大量的......Information overload 过于繁杂的信息struggle to do sth 努力做某事rationally selective 理性地实行选择Instead began shopping emotionally 而不是冲动的去购物【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在店里停留尽量长的时间。

2020英语考研完形填空复习：了解考研英语完形填空要求抓重点一直是考研党废寝忘食思考的事情，但重点知识总是那么不好把握，下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020英语考研完形填空复习：了解考研英语完形填空要求”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯！2020英语考研完形填空复习：了解考研英语完形填空要求完形填空是考研英语的开篇题目，20题共10分，考察了学生对基础知识的基本运用能力。

同时因为许多考生基础存在欠缺，或缺少必要的解题技巧，完形填空成为一道让同学头痛，甚至是被放弃的题目。

事实上，完型并没有想象的那么难，而且它的存在也十分必要。

完形填空外围要求：（一）重要性首端我们已经说明了完型填空是开篇第一题，做好第一题对于后面稳定考试心态有十分重要的意义。

此外，因为完型考察大量的词汇和一些语法知识，同学们在攻克完型的同时也顺带提升了阅读、翻译及写作的能力，完型作答顺利也能预示着后面题型会做起来比较顺手。

最后，当大多说人都沉迷于阅读翻译而忽略完型时，借助完型实现额外突破也显得十分重要。

（二）时间与分值与难度英语考试时间为180分钟，理论上平均18分钟拿到10分，也就是一篇完型的分数。

而现实作答时间可能不足18分钟，因此需要同学们扎实掌握基础并学会相应解题技巧。

时间随紧迫，但近些年完型填空的内容越来越贴近生活，相较于曾经专业度较高的科学议论文难度有所下降。

完型填空内在要求（一）词汇关考研英语中完型填空的单词具有复现性，不只出现在完型，它还会与阅读，翻译这些高分值题息息相关。

例如，2004年完型28题四个选项单词在2012年完型第6题中再次出现三个，而且其中包含正确选项。

All theories， however， are tentative and are___ to criticism （2014）A immuneB resistantC sensitiveD subjectAt the very last， the court should make itself___to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary.A resistantB subjectC immuneD prone（二）句法关考生在掌握单词基础后，还需要了解局内关系，即单词短语之间的动作关系和修饰关系，最简单的就是我们常说的主谓宾关系。

2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题及答案【完型填空答案解析】今年完形填空的难度系数很小，基本无生词，长难句也很少。

讲的是家长对孩子要有耐心，属于比较生活的话题。

下面我们一起来看一下答案及解析。

1.【答案】D tricky【解析】此处考察词义辨析+上下文语境。

文章首段首句为主题句：每位父母都想成为好的父母。

空格句开头为but，句意上出现了转折，“但是如何定义好的父母是个难题”，since后给出了原因，“因为不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的”。

tricky意为“棘手的，困难的”，符合句意。

2.【答案】B for example【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。

前面说了不同的孩子对待同样的养育方式反应也是不同的，此句为例证，如果换一种养育方式，一个冷静而听话的孩子可能会比他的弟弟或妹妹反应更好些。

所以用表示举例分析的for example最合适，其他选项另外、偶尔、意外地都不合适。

3.【答案】A Fortunately【解析】此处考察副词词义辨析+上下文语境。

空格所在句指出：还有一类父母描述起来会容易一些，这类就是非常耐心的父母。

第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，这里在上下文文义上是个转折，幸运地是/还好，有一类父母比较容易定义，并且各个年龄段的孩子都可以从他们的养育方式中获益。

故选Fortunately，其他选项偶尔，对应地，最终地都不合适。

4.【答案】C describe【解析】此处考察动词词义辨析+上下文语境。

第一段告诉我们如何定义怎样才是好的父母是个难题，第二段出现转折说但是有一类父母很好描述/定义，describe与define相呼应，故选C符合句意。

5.【答案】A while【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。

空格所在句指出：虽然每位父母都想成为耐心的父母，但这并不容易。

逗号前后为转折关系，四个选项中while表转折，选A符合句意。

6.【答案】B task【解析】此处考察名词词义辨析。

“英语知识运用”讲义（USE OF ENGLISH）一．考试要求英语知识应用主要考察考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。

本部分共20个小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。

在一篇约240-280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。

注意：该部分不仅考察考生对于不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考察考生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性）的辨识能力。

二．考试概况1. 体裁：多为论说文2. 题材：社会话题3. 文章来源：外刊4.分值：10分5. 答题时间：小于20分钟6. 难度：较高三．命题原则1.第一句不出题。

2.答案平均分布3.胡萝卜加大棒。

四．三大考点（一）逻辑关系逻辑关系是英语知识运用考查的重点！主要考察句句之间的一致性和完整性。

例1Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, _______ others with a low BMI may be in poor shape.A.soB. whileC. sinceD. unless解析：本句考察两个句子之间的逻辑关系，Some people/othersHigh BMI/low BMIIn fact三个线索，指向本题答案。

（二）词义辨析例2This suggest that dimmer bulbs burn longer, that there is an _________ in not being too bright.A.tendencyB. advantageC. inclinationD. priority解析：a tendency for / to do s.than advantage inan inclination fortake priority over s.th例3Negative attitudes toward obesity, grounded in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity ______. My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives. Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign……A.discussionsB. businessC. policiesD. studies解析：我的医院禁止含糖饮料很多雇主开展减肥和健身活动米歇尔奥巴马发起……运动（三）固定搭配例4Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign _______ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.A.forB. againstC. withD. without解析：固定搭配+常识判断。

2020考研英语一完型完形填空是考研英语中的一部分，它主要考察的是考生的词汇、语法和语感。

以下是2020年考研英语一完形填空的样题及答案解析，供您参考：完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The average person has dozens of bacteria in their gut, and __21__the body has more cells than human cells, the gut microbiota（肠道微生物群）is also __22__ important. It has been estimated that the gut microbiota helps __23__ about 10% of the calories you eat.When the gut microbiota is out of __24__, it can lead to a range of digestive issues. However, it also __25__ your immune system, protecting you from disease. In fact, the gut microbiota is so important that scientists are __26__ to study it.One way to study the gut microbiota is through fecal transplants. This involves taking feces from a donor and putting it into the recipient's colon. This can __27__ the recipient's microbiota to look more like the donor's, and improve digestive health.The gut microbiota is also important for energy __28__. It can affect how the body uses energy from food and can __29__ body weight. For example, some gut bacteria can help break down complex carbohydrates, __30__ more energy from food.The gut microbiota also __31__ how the body responds to stress. When the body is under stress, the gut microbiota can __32__ the production of certain neurotransmitters（神经递质）, which can__33__ our response to stress.In conclusion, the gut microbiota is crucial for our health. It affects almost every aspect of our lives, __34__ our immune system, digestive system, and even our mental health. Therefore, it is important to__35__ our gut microbiota, such as by eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly. By doing so, we can improve our health and well-being.21. A. although B. unless C. until D. once22. A. rather B. equally C. differently D. respectively23. A. creating B. supplying C. digesting D. burning24. A. shape B. balance C. variety D. size25. A. shapes B. strengthens C. boosts D. forms26. A. curious B. eager C. determined D. ready27. A. make B. turn C. get D. cause28. A. storage B. absorption C. regulation D. transformation29. A. control B. influence C. impact D. regulate30. A. generating B. extracting C. providing D. absorbing31. A. manage B. dictate C. monitor D. assess32. A. control B. affect C. guide D. direct33. A. affect B. adjust C. improve D. modify34. A. affecting B. affecting C. affected D. to affect35. A take care of B take on C take up D take off答案及解析：21【答案】A【解析】句意：虽然人体内的细胞数量超过人体细胞，但肠道微生物群也相当重要。