新发展研究生英语综合教程1——课后参考答案汇总

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

第一单元Text A Tax Competition Spurs GlobalizationKey to the exercises1 Reading comprehension（1）The economic forces behind globalization include rising trade and investment flows, greater labor mobility, and rapid transfers of technology. Those trends have been stimulated by the deregulation of financial markets, reductions in trade barriers, and lower communication costs. （2）Most economists support globalization because it raises the incomes of people worldwide. Another lesser noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates. When economic integration increases, individuals and businesses gain the freedom to take advantage of low tax rates abroad.（3）It shows that some smart nations like Ireland are treating international tax competition as an opportunity, not a threat.（4）First, high tax countries have urged international organizations to reduce tax competition. Second, many nations are adding layers of complex rules on businesses to discourage them from investing abroad, rather than reducing tax burdens so that businesses want to invest at home.（5）Because there are more opportunities and lower taxes in cities such as London.（6）The author cites the case of Ireland to show that with the reduction of taxes, a large number of immigrants are attracted, and people at home are unwilling to migrate out. The lower one country’s tax is, the more skilled people will be attracted.（7）Because market competition encourages production efficiency. Tax competition provides an incentive to improve government efficiency. For example, the Federal government is no longer a monopoly—Americans now are able to invest abroad, retire in a low tax Caribbean country, or move their business to low tax Ireland. Accordingly, the Federal government needs to reform the tax code and provide services more efficiently to encourage Americans and their money to stay at home.（8）Tax competition among countries should be a win-win policy, as it restrains governments and helps spur global economic growth.2 V ocabulary（1）spur d(2)curtail g(3)per captia k(4)regime i(5)celebrity b(6)merge m(7)highlight c(8) akin f(9)stifle n(10)deduct a3 Paraphrase（1）Until now, basic economic forces have gone beyond(outweigh) political efforts to make this trend slow. Efforts to oppose economic globalization have extended from anti-globalization protests to Congressional law making to prevent American companies from building subsidiary business in foreign countries.（2）Some nations are treating tax competition as a useless and disadvantageous thing. High tax countries have urged international organizations, such as the organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), to ease (curtail) tax competition.（3）And many nations are formulating a series of complex rules on businesses so as to try to keep them from investing abroad, instead of reducing tax burdens so that businesses are willing to invest at home.（4）The U.S. is divided into (fall into) this group because it has one of the highest corporate tax rates. Nevertheless, America continues to put off(推迟) reforming tax policies, which is expected for a long time.(5) International investors have been affected easily by changes and differences between national tax rates as their investment choices have increased.（6）Another noticeable issue is that many businesses used to invest in foreign country only want to take the opportunity for fixed resources, such as oil deposits. Today, many industries-such as finance and services-are free to invest and can set up new firms anywhere（footloose）.（7）For example, in recent years Canadian policymakers have to consider important issue that a group of skilled and talented people from technology industries in Canada have emigrate to its lower tax southern neighbor, the U.S.（8）For many years, young Irish people went to America and other foreign countries, and tried to find a way to live a better life. But after Ireland reduced individual tax and then quickly cut corporate tax, the pattern of out migration was changed around completely in this country.（9）To keep the skilled labor from leaving their own country to other countries, governments had to direct spending and tax levels to satisfy local residents. In which country Individuals chose to resident according to their demand for public goods relative to local tax levels.（10）If the U.S. makes progress in tax reform, other nations would probably reform their taxes in the same way(follow suit), as they did when the U.S. reduced rates in the 1980s.4 Cloze（1）and(2) understand(3) about(4) sides(5) what(6) bad(7) nor(8) properly(9)destroy(10) says(11) which(12) stronger(13) behind(14) up(15) While(16) unique(17)dark(18) benefits(19) from(20) rule5 TranslationA Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.由于殖民地与许多海外地区的大量贸易，所有欧洲重要商业国以及它们在西半球领地的金银铸币在北美东海岸都可以自由交换。

Unit 1 Human reflectionsMarriage is an institution in which a man loser his Bachelor’s degree and the woman gets her Master’s 婚姻是这样一所学校，男人会失去单身汉的地位，而女人会获得征服者的地位。

---Socrates, Greek philosopherMen marry because they are tried, woman because they are curious; both are disappointed.男人结婚，因为他们厌倦了；女人结婚，因为她们好奇。

结果两人都大失所望。

---Oscar Wilde, British writerPre-reading Activities1.Fill in the blanks with the words you hearIt takes only a minute to get a crush on someone, an hour to like someone ,and a day to love someone. But it takes a lifetime to forget someone. Don’t go for looks; they can deceive.Don’t go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone who makes you smile. Because it only takes a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Find the one that makes your heart smile.Maybe God wants us to meet a few wrong people before meet the right one. So that when we finally meet the right person, we will know hour to be grateful for that gift. It’s true that we don’t know what we’ve got until we lose it, but it’s also true that we don’t know what we’ve been missing until it arrives. Giving someone all your love will not provide assurance that they will love you back. Don’t expect love in return; just wait for it to grow in their hearts.But if it doesn’t, be content. It grew in yours.2. Discuss the following questions.1. Do you know of marriages that have failed? If so, what do you think people have suffered from their failed marriages and what were the possible causes? What assumption do people bring into their marriages?2. In contrast to a failed marriage, what do you think can contribute to a happy marriage? What’s your definition of marriage?TextWhy Marriages FailAnne RoipheAnne Roiphe is an American feminist author known for such novels as Up the Sandbox and Lovingkindness. Her work is noteworthy for its examination of the conflict between the desire for family and relationships and that for career and self-determination1 These days so many marriages end in divorce that our most sacred vows no longer ring with truth. “Happily ever after” and “Till death us do part” are expressions that seem on the way to becoming obsolete. Why has it become so hard for couples to stay together? What goes wrong? What has happened to us that close to one half of all marriages are destined for the divorce courts?How could we have created a society in which 42 percent of our children will grow up in single-parent homes? If statistics could only measure loneliness, regret, pain, loss of self-confidence, and fear of the future, the numbers would be beyond quantifying.2. Even though each broken marriage is unique, we can still find common perils, common causes of marital despair. Each marriage has a crisis point, and each marriage tests endurance, the capacity for both intimacy and change. Outside pressures such as job loss, illness, infertility, trouble with a child, care of aging parents, and all the other plagues of life the marriage the way hurricanes blast our shores. Some marriages survive these storms, and others don’t. Marriages fail, however, not simply because of the outside weather but because the inner climate becomes too hot or too cold, too turbulent or too stupefying.3. When we look at how we choose our partners and what expectations exist at the tender beginning of romance, some of the reasons for the disaster become quite clear. We all select with unconscious accuracy a mate who will recreate with us the emotional patterns of our first homes. Dr. Carl A. Whitaker, a marital therapist and emeritus professor of psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin, explains, “From early childhood on, each of us carried models for marriage, femininity, masculinity, motherhood, fatherhood and all the other family roles.’ Each of us falls in love with a mate who has qualities of our parents, who will help us rediscover both the psychological happiness and miseries of our past lives. We may think we have found a man unlike Dad, but then he returns to drink or drugs, or losses his job over and over again, or sits silently in front of the TV just the way Dad did. A man may choose a woman who doesn’t like kids just like his mother, or who gambles away the family savings just like his mother. Or he may choose a slender wife who seems unlike his obese mother but then turns out to have other addictions that destroy their mutual happiness.4. A man and a woman bring to their marriage bed a blended concoction of conscious and unconscious memories of their parents’ lives together. The human way is to compulsively repeat and recreate the patterns of the past. Sigmund Freud so well described the unhappy design that many of us get trapped in: the unmet needs of childhood, the angry feelings left over from frustrations of long ago, the limits of trust, and the reoccurrence of old fears. Once an individual senses this entrapment, there may follow a yearning to escape, and the result could be a broken, splintered marriage.5. Of course people can overcome the habits and attitudes that developed in childhood. We all have hidden strengths and amazing capacities for growth and creative change. Change, however, requires work – observing your part in a rotten pattern, bringing difficulties out into the open – and work runs counter to the basic myth of marriage:’ When I wed this person all my problems will be over. I will have achieved success and I will become the center of life for this other person and this person will be my center, and we will mean everything to each other forever.’ This myth, which every marriage relies on ,is soon exposed. The coming of children, the pulls and the tugs of their demands on affection and time, place a considerable strain on that basic myth of meaning everything to each other, of merging together and solving all of life’s problems.6. Concern and tension about money take each partner away from the other. Obligations to demanding parents or still-depended-upon parents create further strain. Couples today must also deal with all the cultural changes brought on in recent years by the woman’s movement and thesexual revolution. The altering of roles and the shifting of responsibilities have been extremely trying for many marriages.7. These and other realities of life erode the visions of marital bliss the way sandstorms eat at rock and the ocean nibbles away at the dunes. Those euphoric, grand feelings that accompany romantic love are really self-delusions, self-hypnotic dreams that enable us to forge a relationship. Real life, failure at work, disappointments, exhaustion, bad smells, bad colds and hard times all puncture the dream and leave us stranded with our mate, with our childhood patterns pushing us this way and that, and with our unfulfilled expectations.8. The struggle to survive in marriage requires adaptability, flexibility, genuine love and kindness, and an imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling. Many marriages fall apart because either partner cannot imagine what the other wants or cannot communicate what he of she needs or feels. Anger builds until it erupts into a volcanic burst that buries the marriage in ash.9. If we sense from our mate a need for too much intimacy, we tend to push him of her away, fearing that we may lose our identities in the merging of marriage. One partner may suffocate the other partner in a childlike dependency. A good marriage means growing so a couple but also growing as individuals. This isn’t easy. Richard gives up his interest in carpentry because his wife, Helen, is jealous of the time he spends away from her. Karen quits the choir group because her husband dislikes the friends she makes there. Each pair clings to each other and is angry with each other as life closes in on them. This kind of marital balance is easily thrown as one or the other pulls away and divorce follows.10. Marriage takes some kind of sacrifice, not dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul, but some level of compromise. Some of one’s fantasies, some of one’s legitimate desires have to be given up for the value of the marriage itself. “While all marital partners feel shackled at times, it is they who really choose to make the marital ties into confining chains or supporting bonds,” says Dr. Whitaker. Marriage requires sexual, financial, and emotional discipline. A man and a woman cannot follow every impulse, cannot allow themselves to stop growing and changing.11. Divorce is not an evil act .Sometimes it provides salvation for people who have grown hopelessly apart or were frozen in patterns of pain or mutual unhappiness. Divorce can be, despite its initial devastation, like the first cut of the surgeon’s knife, a step toward new health and a good life. On the other hand, if the partners can stay past the breaking-up of the romantic myths into the development of real love and intimacy, they have achieved a work as amazing as the greatest cathedrals of the world. Marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfections, are not only rare these days but offer a wondrous shelter in which the face of our mutual humanity can safely show itself.Notes1.Dr. Carl A. Whitaker(1912-1995): A pioneer therapist and emeritus professor of psychiatry atthe University of Wisconsin.2.University of Wisconsin: A famous university in the state of Wisconsin, founded in 1848. It ISone of the most excellent public universities in America and is recognized as a national leader in teaching and research excellence.3.Sigmund Freud(1856-1939): An Austrian psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic schoolof psychology. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis for curing psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. The Interpretation of Dream is one of his best-known works.New Wordsobsolete :no longer used; out of date 过时的；废弃的peril: serious danger (esp. of death)严重危险（尤指死亡的）infertility: the state of being unable to produce offspring; barrenness不孕症；贫瘠marital: of a husband of wife; of marriage婚姻的turbulent: in a state of commotion of unrest; disturbed不安宁的，动荡的stupefying: dull or senseless神志不清的；失去知觉的；麻木不仁的therapist: specialist in a particular type of therapy (某疗法的)治疗专家emeritus: (of a university teacher, esp. a professor)retired, but keeping his title as an honor (指大学教师，尤指教授)退休而保留头衔的，荣誉的femininity: properties characteristic of the female sex女性气质masculinity: properties characteristic of the male sex男性气质obese: (of people) very fat（指人）过度肥胖的concoction: a combination of various ingredients混合reoccurrence: rehappening（事情的）再次发生entrapment: being caught in a trap陷入圈套；诱捕yearning: strong desire; tender loving渴望、热望splintered: breaking into piece 裂成碎片的merge: come together and combine合并erode: destroy or wear(sth.)away gradually侵蚀，腐蚀nibble: take tiny bites of sth. 小口咬某物；轻咬dune: mound of loose dry sand formed by the wind沙丘euphoric: happy and excited愉快的，兴奋的self-delusion: the act of deceiving oneself, or the state of being so deceived 自欺self-hypnotic: of or producing a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion or a similar condition to oneself自我催眠的strand: leave in difficulties陷入困境unfulfilled: not completed or achieved; dissatisfied未实现的；未得到满足的erupt: break out suddenly and violently突然发生volcanic: (似)火山的；来自火山的shackle: prevent sb. From acting or speaking freely束缚（某人）salvation: saving of a person’s soul from sin and its consequences; the state of being saved in this way拯救、超度devastation: the state of being destroyed毁灭imperfection: a fault of defect不完美wondrous: wonderful令人惊奇的；意想不到的；极好的Useful Expressionsbe destined for: have a future which has been decided or planned beforehand命中注定，注定；预定gamble away: lose sth. By gambling赌博输掉counter to：in the opposite direction to sth.in opposition to sth.与某事物的方向相反；相反地bring on: cause sth.(usu. Unpleasant)to happen to oneself/sb.else使（通常为不愉快的）某事发生在自己（别人）身上fall apart: break; fall to pieces; disintegrate破裂，破碎；散开be jealous of: be envious of嫉妒的；羡慕的cling to: hold on tightly to sb/sth 紧抓住或抱住close in on: surround or envelop sb/sth 围绕或笼罩ExercisesI Post-reading ActivitiesText comprehensionRead the text and answer the following questions1.How do you understand the two expressions” Happily ever after” and ”Till death us do part”in paragraph 1?2.What do broken marriages have in common?3.In this text, Dr. Whitaker says,” From early childhood on, each of us carried models formarriage, femininity, masculinity, motherhood, fatherhood and all the other family roles”.How do you understand his words?4.According to Sigmund Freud, what leads to a broken, splintered marriage?5.What is the myth on which every marriage relies according to this text?6.What re listed sa the trying causes of broken marriages?7.What does the author mean by saying “The struggle to survive in marriage requires animagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling” in paragraph 8?8.What do you learn from the stories of Richard and Karen in paragraph 9?9.According to paragraph 10, what is necessary for marriage for marriage success?10.What is the author’s attitude towards divorce according to the last paragraph?Point for discussion:Break into small groups and discuss the following questions .Then report your group’s answers to the class.1.The topic sentence of paragraph 3---“We all select with unconscious accuracy a mate who willrecreate with us the emotional patterns of our first homes”---is repeated\in paragraph 4---“The human way is to compulsively repeat and recreate the patterns of the past.’ Do you view this assertion as a reality in people’s lives? What does Roiphe mean by “unconscious accuracy”2.Have you ever heard the word “sub-marriage”? The term refers to couples who have lost theirpassion and interest in communicating with each other due to various reasons but still maintain their marriage status. On the other hand, many college students cohabit nowadays.They live together in s sexual relationship although not legally married. How do you view these phenomena?II. Language focusV ocabularyPart A. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.Wondrous peril emeritus yearning erode nibble strand erupt shackle salvation devastation imperfection1.During the Gulf War, the Chinese Embassy helped Taiwanese labour service personnelstranded in Kuwait pull out of dangerous place safely.2.G. Wilson Knight, emeritus Professor at the University of Leeds, has had a long and prolificcareer as a critic3.While conventional wisdom holds that conflicts in a relationship slowly erode the bonds thathold partners together, couples who are happy in the long term turn out to have plently of conflicts, too.4.She let her joyous eyes rest upon him without speaking, as upon some wondrous thing she hadcreated out of chaos.5.She drew him towards her with all her might, seeking to know him in the depths of his heart,with a(n) yearning to lose herself in him.6.Many Americans have misunderstandings about China, believing it’s a closed country and thatthe people’s thinking is shackledernment loans have been the salvation of several shaky business companies.8.Her teeth having all dropped out, Granny Li could only nibble away at her food.9.If you aim at imperfection , there are some chances of your getting it; whereas if you aim atperfection, there is none.10.Some of his peers were convinced that the early stages of the illness manifested themselves ingraduate school, but the full-blown symptoms did not erupt until he was 30.Part BChoose the word or phrase that is in closet in meaning to the italicized part of each sentence1.It is becoming increasingly clear that as many as 80 percent of people who are obese arepredisposed genetically.A.ThinB. fatC. crazyD. lazy2.The IT industry is developing so fast that an advanced computer program today may beobsolete next week.A.DesiredB. qualifiedC. outdatedD. frightened3.In such dry weather, if a forest fire cannot be extinguished devastation is sure to ensue.A.DestructionB. salvationC. associationD. communication4.I should like to put forward a proposal; merge the two firms into a big one.A.InterrelateB. associateC. defineD. combine5.Utilization of the land which leaves it in an infertile condition is considered pollution.A.SterileB. richC. productiveD. destructive6.Don’t cling to you old ideas. Be ready to entertain some new ones, otherwise you will alwayslag behind others.A.Put forward toB. hold onC. run toD. put up with7.In modern society, the world’s transport systems would fall apart without a supply ofelectricity.e upB. step upC. split upD. warm uping from a theatrical family, I was destined for a career on the stage--- I was expected tobe an actor.A.Fated to beB. up to beC. made up forD. derived from9.We don’t think he is a dependable person because he acted counter to his promise.A.Similar toB. according toC. up toD. contrary to10.In order to finish the task in time, he wat out in the rain all day and this brought on a bad cold.A.Resulted fromB. resulted inC. brought upD. gave upClozeRead the following passage carefully and choose the best word of phrase given bellow to fill in the each blank. Change the form where necessary.Tend strand tough bored conduct fulfilling affiliate reveal pressure condition rangingA recent survey of woman in 20 large and medium ized cities across the country revealed that about half of the respondents were happy with their marriages and relationships, while nearly 30 percent said they were (1)and 3.4percent they were in agony. 3percent said they were worried about their relationships and 12percent said they did not know how to describe their mixed feelings. The Huakun Woman Survey Center, a(n) (2)of the All-China Women’s Federation, (3)the survey of 2,000 women aged between 20 and 40 at the end of last year, Altogether 1,955 (4)questionnaires were collected. The average age of the surveyed woman was 35, and 70percent were married. About 57percent of the respondents had monthly incomes (5)from 1,000yuan to 3,000yuan. Woman in Shanghai seemed to have the most (6)love lives, with more than 70 percent saying they felt happy. They were followed by woman in Beijing, Qingdao, Ningbo and Tianjin in terms of fulfillment. The survey also (7)that marriages (8) to get less happy the longer they lasted . (9)from work, problems with their children’s education and (10) personal relationships were the main causes of tension, according to the results of the survey.TranslationPart A Translate the following into English.1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤独单调生活的人的好办法。

新发展研究生英语综合教程1课后参考答案汇总Unit1HumanReflectionsBeforeReadingActivities(1)crush;(2)lifetime;(3)deceive;(4)smile;(5)right;(6)grateful;(7)arriv es;(8)assurance;(9)return;(10)contentⅡ.LanguageFocusPartA1.stranded;2.emeritus;3.erode;4.wondrous;5.Rearning;6.shackled;7.salvation;8.nibble;9.imperfection;10.eruptPartB1.B2.C3.A4.D5.A6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B(1)bored;(2)affiliate;(3)conducted;(4)valid;(5)ranging(6)fulfilling;(7)revealed;(8)tended;(9)Pressure;(10)toughPartA1.Forsome,marriageisthegraveoflove,whileforothers,marriageisaneffectivesalvationforthos ewholeadasolitarRlife.2.BlessedwithagreathistoricalresponsibilitR,theConferenceisdestinedtohavefar-reachingi mpactonthedevelopmentoftheorganization.3.Alloftheseshowpeople’s Rearningforabetterlife,sotheRhavebeencarriedforwardgeneratio naftergeneration.4.IfCongressapprovedthebillnow,thepresidentwarned,thefragilepeaceprocessthatheistrRin gtokeepcouldfallapart.5.Thecouplemustbetolerantofthelittlei mperfectionsineachother’scharacter,otherwisetheirm arriagemaRendupindivorce.PartB爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

Unit One An Image or a MirageIII. VocabularyA.1. unassuming2. stemmed from3. infallible4. had taken to5. prospect6. flabby7. More often than not8.devious9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapportB.1. instinctual2.immediate3. deposit4. frail5. seedy6. magnetic7. extroverted8. book9. unwarranted 10. refinedC.1. D2.C3. B4. A5. A6. C7. C8.B9. D 10.BIV. Cloze1. which2. run3. concerned4. familiar5. evident6. even7.what8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself16. mind 17. from 18. never 19. pays 20. consideredV. TranslationA.从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。

他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。

这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。

就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。

我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。

再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。

然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives;(8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusV ocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a bet ter life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfec tions in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives;(8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a bet ter life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfec tions in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

综合教程1_课后答案_（1-8完整版）Unit OneCollege EnglishEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1. Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.▆Sample s entences for reference:1) Do you think the government will deliver on their election promises?2) I need to polish (up) my French now because I’m going to France next summer.3) Details of the competition are available from our head office.4) Many people choose to go by car rather than by bus, butI prefer the latter.5) Please file this letter (away), Miss Smith.6) Today his company continues to thrive in spite of severe competition.7) She undertook responsibility for the changes he made in the article.8) A career advisor can offer you sound and practical suggestions on how to make career decision.9) A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.10) He perceived a subtle (微妙的；细微的) change in hermanner when he met her the second time.11) Over the years, I have accumulated hundreds of books.12) He has multiplied his fortune many times within a short period of two years.2. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) compromise2) self-induced3) steered4) frame5) demonstrated6) employ7) promote8) impressed9) contribution10) deliberately11) financial12) economic3. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) makes a point of2) refresh my memory3) lead to4) at hand5) working out6) under pressure7) Last but not least8) took, down9) In addition to10) were involved in11) in other words12) pointed out13) pay off4. Fill in the blanks with words listed in the box below. Change the form where necessary. Then rearrange the given letters to form two words related to college life and complete the final sentence with the two words.▆Answers:1) scored2) scheduled3) assigned4) motivate5) crucial6) promote7) performed8) debate9) scanned10) devised11) advocated12) clarify13) priorities14) compromised15) context16) undertook17) academic excellence▆Increasing Your Word Power1. The same word can perform different roles and functions as different parts of speech. Listed in the box below are some of these words. Complete the following sentences with the words in the box. Make sure that your sentences are grammatically correct.▆Answers:1) principal / major2) top3) major4) top5) principal6) major7) schedule8) advocate / have advocated9) top10) approach11) blame12) major / principal13) advocate14) schedule15) blame16) approaching17) pressure18) pace19) pressured20) pace2. In this unit there are many words and phrases that are similar in meaning. Find out those pairs of words and phrases and put them down in the space provided.▆Answers:reveal disclosetentative (questions) possible (questions)achieve attainsuper-achiever straight-A studentsteer toward point towardbe caught b e trapped3. In this unit the verb set is collocated with priorities, timetables, and standards. Try to fill in as many nouns as possible that can go with set in the space provided. If you are not sure of some collocations, consult a dictionary. Then make sentences of your own using the collocations in the space provided.▆Answers for reference:set priorities / timetables / standards / an exam / an alarm / an example / a price /a record / limits1) Who is going to set (the questions for) the exam this time?2) She forgot to set her alarm last night: that was why she overslept.3) Her heroic behavior sets a good example for us to follow.4) We had to compromise and finally the price was set at $1,000.5) We were all pleased to know that Liu Xiang had set a world record in the 110-meter hurdles.6) The government has set strict limits on pay increases.4. Did you notice the suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly in words such as education, expectation, deliberately in this unit? The suffixes -ion, -ation can be put after many verbs to form nouns, and -ly can be added to many adjectives to form adverbs. Listed in the box below are some nouns and adverbs with suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly you have come across in this unit. Write down theircorresponding verb and adjective forms in the space provided.▆Answers:Nouns with –ion/ation Verbs Adverbs with -ly Adjectivesanticipation anticipate concisely conciseassociation associate deliberately deliberatecontribution contribute effectively effectiveedition edit equally equalexpectation expect immediately immediatefrustration frustrate presumably presumableparticipation participate psychologically psychologicalrevision revise ultimately ultimateTask 1: Complete each of the following sentences with a proper noun with suffixes -ion, -ation listed above.▆Answers:1) edition2) revisions3) contribution4) anticipation5) frustration6) participation7) association8) expectationsTask 2: Correct the mistakes in the following paragraph, paying special attention to the use of adjectives and adverbs. Underline the mistakes and write down your corrections in the space below. If you think there is no mistake, write “No Mistake”.▆Answers:1) No mistake2) especially3) necessary4) frequently5) No mistake6) easy7) No mistake8) individual9) many10) highly11) apparent12) remarkable13) probably14) No mistakeGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: Decide which one is correct by crossing out the wrong one.▆Answers for reference:1) People go to university to increase their knowledge.2) The family were at table when the telephone rang.3) There is a Jack Robinson waiting to see you in the hall.4) We are striving for a world with no poverty, no hurt and no hatred.5) The Olympic Games for 2016 will be held in Rio de Janeiro.Task 2: Insert an appropriate article in each blank, using ? to stand for ZERO article:▆Answers:1) the2) an3) ?4) a5) the6) the7) the8) a9) a10) a11) the12) the13) ?14) the15) the16) a17) ?18) the19) the20) aClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1) academic2) priorities3) conducted4) principles5) begin6) priority7) compromised8) addition9) filing10) Speaking11) formula12) Participation / Participating13) based14) least15) way16) pressureTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1) The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.2) The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.3) Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained academic excellence.4) He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.5) George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.6) We can’t go. T o begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy.7) It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths / facts.8) You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day.9) I’ll jot down some notes while he’s speaking.10) I can’t carry the suitcase on my own; it’s too heavy.Theme-Related Writing1. Write an essay in about 100–120 words based on your discussion in Optional Classroom Activities. You can take eitherof the following titles:1) I like to study on my own2) I like to study in a group2. If you didn’t do Task 3 in Optional Classroom Act ivities you can write an essay of around 120 words on the following topic.College Is Not an Ivory Tower▆Sample Essays for Task 1:I like to study on my ownMany of my classmates like to study together. However, I always like to study on my own, with good reasons. First, I feel that I can concentrate better when I study alone. When I have to work together with other people, I often get distracted and more often than not, I end up chatting with them without completing the task at hand. Second, when I study on my own, I can work at my own pace, choosing to spend more time on certain difficult sections and less time on less challenging parts. I can also check my class notes or reference books whenever I feel the need to. One final good advantage of studying alone is that unlike group work, self study is not restricted by time and space. In other words, if I feel like studying, I can do so at any time and anywhere. (146 words)I like to study in a groupAccording to a recent study, students who study together by discussing homework and problems usually score higher than those who work on their own. I am happy to hear that because I like to study in a group. I think we can reinforce our understanding of what we have learned in class by asking each other questions. Besides, it is always enjoyable working with someone else. A discussion on questions we don’t understandvery well will help clear up any possibl e confusion. Last but not least, we should not ignore the importance of cooperation in our society. Working with others helps develop our team spirit, which has become essential in this modern world of ours. After all, two heads are always better than one.(125 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:College Is Not an Ivory TowerPeople often say that college is an ivory tower and life on campus is cut off from the harsh realities of the real world. College may have been an ivory tower before, but it is not so any more. We college students are under various kinds of pressure. First of all, most of us are burdenedwith a heavy tuition fee, which keeps on increasing every year. So some of us have to work over ten hours every week. Life for those who can get financial help from their parents is not easy either, as they very often have to follow their parents’ advice and take a major they don’t like. Finally those who are about to graduate suffer from a different kind of pressure: hunting for a job. It is no longer easy for a college student to get a decently paid job these days.(134 words)The Answers to Unit 2Enhance Your Language Awareness Section A Useful ExpressionsUseful Expressions from Text A Chinese Equivalencesdon’t know whether to laugh or cry 哭笑不得it is no use doing…做……是没有用的to a certain extent 在某种程度上have a great advantage over sb. 比某人有优势cannot afford to do sth. 负担不起……go to the opposite extreme 走到另一个极端let alone 更别说be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做……it is a pity (that) 遗憾……in my personal opinion 我个人认为be similar to…与……相似It is worth doing 值得做……Useful Expressions from Text B Chinese Equivalenceshave great trouble with…做……很吃力try at all costs to do sth. 不惜任何代价做……rid them of their fear and dislike of books 消除他们对书本的厌恶和恐惧心理do sth. for pleasure 出于乐趣而做……mean every word of it 说话算数(I) Working with Words and Expressions1. If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, we’ll assume that she isn’t coming and we won’t wait for her any longer.2. The case was fully argued before an agreement was reached.3. They claimed that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved.4. Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English.5. The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society.6. If you want my person opinion, i don’t think you should go there.7. The train leaves at about half past eight---8:32, to be precise.8. After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctorlast year.9. Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.10. The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore, it is in a bad condition.11. Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.12. She promised solemnly that she would not say about it anymore.2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage(5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable(9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters(13) astonished (14) apparently3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) find out(4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt(7) rid… of (8) cleared up (9) or else(10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone(13) In his hurry (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth(II) Increasing Your Word Power1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very3.nouns Chinese meaningsconqueror 征服者胜利者environmentalist 环境保护主义者industrialist 工业家实业家journalist 新闻记者报人laborer 听力劳动者工人logician 逻辑学家magician 魔术师变戏法的人mathematician 数学家murderer 谋杀犯凶手survivor 幸存者生还者1. logician2. magician3.mathematician4. Journalist5.industrialist6.environmentalist7. laborer8.murderer9.conqueror 10.survivor(III) GrammarTask 1:(1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would(5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) mustTask 2:(1) The expedition might have reached the top of the mountain now.(2) If there should be any change in the schedule, please let me know in time.(3) Passengers must check in 45 minutes prior to flight departure.(4) Hurry up. It would be a pity to miss the concert.(5) The man standing in the distance can’t be Mr.li, for he left for New York yesterday afternoon. (IV) Cloze(1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim(7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as(13) because (14) individual(V) Translation1. Translate the sentences(1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk.(2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie.(3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better.(4) Can you take a look at the engine to see what’s wrong.(5) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word.(6) We have passed all the relevant information on to the police.(7) There/ It is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won’t answer.(8) It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.(9) They refused to provide us with all the information we need.(10) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago.(11) The film is based on a play by/ of Shakespeare.(12) If you have a good command/ mastery of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job/ in job-hunting.Section C Theme-Related WritingWrite a passage in about 100–120 words, taking either of the following titles:1) Why I like to learn English2) Why I hate to learn English▆Sample essay OneWhy I like to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say that I am highly motivated to master English. First of all, learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English. If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them. Secondly, I like traveling a lot. A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot. If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions.▆Sample essay TwoWhy I hate to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say the more I learn English, the more I hate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time. Secondly, I don’t understand why we have to learn a foreign language. I don’t want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn’t need English in China. Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So, if I don’t have to learn English, I would r ather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.Unit 3 Parents and ChildrenEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action2 In the box below are some of the words you have learnedin this unit. Completethe following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1) There was a(n) awkward momen t when she didn’t know whether to shake his hand or kiss his cheek.2) She breathed a sigh of relief when she found out she had passed her exam.3) Parents should really take extra care of their babies as many accidents actually occur at home.4) The government has two options; to reduce spending or to increase tax.5) The following program contains scenes that may be disturbing to some viewers.6) When the doctor told her that it was only a minor case, she released her husband’s arm.7) The woman felt panicky and she spoke almost without pausing for breath.8) The policeman blew his whistle and the protesters scattered in all directions.9) He put a grape into his mouth and swallowed it whole.10) Don’t wipe your nose on your sleeve, kid —that’s what your h andkerchief’s for!11) I took my son to the zoo as a birthday treat.12) As I recall, it was you who suggested this idea in the first place.3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to usethem in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) In just a few days he became well acquainted with all hisnew classmates.2) Jane has locked herself up in her room for the whole day. She took us by surprise when she came out with her hair dyed red.3) Let’s sit down quietly and gather our thoughts first before the discussion.4) To my surprise, the stranger turned out to be an old friend of my mother’s.5) Seeing Jim wearing a funny hat, Maggie tried hard to fight back adesire to laugh.6) Don’t hang up on me — I need to talk to you.7) After quarrelling with his step-father, Colin ran away and hasn’t been heard of ever since.8) They’ve hired someone to take c are of the children for a week.9) When I asked him how he was doing, he hemmed and hawed before telling me that he had just lost his job.10) Once a very shy boy from a small mountainous village, he turned into a competent engineer in a matter of six years.11) The newspaper refused to keep the facts from the public.12) As we sat on the beach soaking up the sunshine, she started to tell me her childhood stories.●Increasing Your Word Power1 Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right answer.1) All the following verbs can form acceptable collocations with the noun RELATIONSHIP except ________.a. makeb. createc. acknowledgee. build2) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun RELATIONSHIP except ________.a. closeb. mutualc. intimated. potentiale. fluent3) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun PANIC except ________.a. blindb. suddenc. sturdyd. growinge. total4) All the following verbs can go with the noun PANIC except ________.a. feelb. causec. created. spreade. throw5) All the following verbs can go with the noun RELIEF except ________.a. seekb. createc. experiencee. offer6) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun RELIEF except ________.a. deepb. sheerc. temporaryd. desperatee. obvious7) All the following verbs can go with the noun MEMORY except ________.a. loseb. arousec. refreshd. survivee. cherish8) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun MEMORY except ________.a.earlyb. sociablec. lastingd. fonde. vivid2 Many words in English can be used both as nouns and as verbs. Complete all the sentences using either the noun form or the verb form of the words given in the box. Change the form where necessary.1) Please focus your minds on the following problem.2) She has constant fears that her husband will abandon(抛弃)her and the kids.3) The focus of recent research has been on environmental issues.4) Her father died of a heart attack when there was no one else at home.5) She fears that the child may have got a blood problem.6) This kind of disease attacks the central nervous system.7) She paid frequent visits to her parents and they were so happy to see her every time she visited them.8) The blind man touched the elephant’s ear and concluded that the elephant is in the shape of a huge fan.9) My long chat with my mother over the phone every day has relieved a lot of my stress.10) He has got a strange skin problem. Even a light touch on his face hurts.11) The colour of the curtains and the paint on the wall do not match.12) My husband often chats with me over dinner so I know very well what is happening at his workplace.13) The young couple are a perfect match.14) Experts fear that the disease will spread far and wide.3 Did you notice the suffixes -y, -able in words such as panicky and portable in this unit? The suffix -able can be added to a noun or a verbto form an adjective, and -y can be put after a noun to form an adjective. Now form adjectives by adding -y or -able to the words given in the table and write down the Chinese meaning for each adjective. Nouns/Verbs Suffixes Adjectives Chinese Meaningsfault faulty有错误的；有缺点的；不完善的guilt guilty有罪的；有过失的hand handy 手边的；方便的panic panicky惊恐的；易恐慌的pick picky吹毛求疵的；爱挑剔的adapt-y/-able adaptable能适应新环境的；适应性强的imagine imaginable可想象的；想得到的port portable便于携带的；轻便的predict predictable可预言的；可预料的rely reliable可靠的；可信赖的Complete each of the following sentences with a proper word you have thusformed.1) He pleaded guilty to charges of theft (盗窃) and robbery in court.2) I’m sure she’ll cope with the changes very well; she’s very adaptable.3) Keep your pills handy just in case you feel carsick.4) The doctor tried every means imaginable to save the patient, but invain.5) Considering the great disparity (悬殊)in strength between the twoteams, the result is predictable .6) Many people feel panicky when speaking before the public.7) If the product you bought turns out to be faulty , you may request arepair ora replacement.8) He is such a picky ea ter that he won’t eat anything but fresh vegetable.9) He’s not very reliable . You’d better not count on him to help you out.10) A portable computer is a computer designed to be easily moved fromone location to another.Grammar in ContextObserve the following sentences from both Text A and Text B, paying special attention to the use of the past perfective aspect of the verb. Then do the following two tasks.Task 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one by making use of the past perfect aspect of the verb.1) a. We rushed to the railway station.b. We found the train left already.We rushed to the railway station, but found the train had left.2) a. I learnt some English at high school in China.b. I became an English Major at an American college after I finished highschool in China.Before I became an English major at an American college, I had learnt someEnglish at high school in China.3) a. I got to the cinema by bike.b. Kathy got there even earlier and picked up the tickets.Kathy had already picked up the tickets by the time I got to the cinema by bike.4) a. I shut the door.b. Immediately afterwards the telephone rang.No sooner had I shut the door than the telephone rang.or: I had no sooner shut the door than the telephone rang.5) a. The teacher explained the theory in detail.b. Then the students understood.The students did not understand until the teacher had explained the theory indetail.Task 2: A theft happened in a company last Saturday. John,the person who was onduty, was telling a friend what had happened. Imagine you are John andyour partner his friend. Tell him what happened using the following clues.You need to add what is missing and make use of the past perfect aspect ofverbs whenever necessary to indicate the sequence of the events.Before I left the office at 5 o’clock, I had locked the office door. When I passed bythe office an hour later, 1) I saw the door open. I felt a bit surprised, so I stoppedand went in to take a look. When I saw the mess in the office, I knew 2) the office had been broken into. I took a quick look around and found that3) quite a few things had been stolen. I called the police immediately. By the time the police arrived, my boss and my colleagues 4) had already come back to the office. Tom said that 5) the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone. Dylan’s camera, which he 6) had just bought, was also gone. My boss suffered the heaviest loss.7) A few computers in the office had been stolen. The police searched the office, butwere unable to find any clues.ClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.My mother and I always enjoyed our chat together under a pine tree in the park. At our r ecent (1) meeting, however, her pale face took me by s urprise (2).I asked her what was wrong, and her s ad / solemn (3) look and silence mademe believe that she was k eeping (4) something bad from me. Apparently, something serious was d isturbing (5) her. At first, she remained silent. Finally, after my persistent i nquiries (6), she could not hold it any longer anda dmitted (7)to me that she had a very serious heart disease. It suddenly o ccurred (8) to me that three years ago, she had heart s urgery (9) but her condition did not improveafterwards and now there were hardly any o ptions (10) left.I reached over and wrapped my arms t ightly (11) around my mother and cried. As we sat there that cool April afternoon s oaking (12) up the sun and smelling the fresh s cent (13) of the grass, I had one wish in my heart that I could have more g atherings (14) withmy mother in the days to come.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressionsgiven in brackets.1) 我们是好朋友，可他居然将这么大的一件事瞒着我，实在令我吃惊。