SX Phoenicis Stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 5466
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关于圣诞节的问答英文作文Q: What is Christmas?A: Christmas is a Christian holiday that celebrates the birth of Jesus Christ. It is observed on December 25th every year.Q: How did Christmas originate?A: Christmas has its roots in the early Christian Church. It originated as a way to celebrate and remember the birth of Jesus Christ.Q: How is Christmas celebrated?A: Christmas is celebrated in various ways around the world. Common traditions include attending church services, exchanging gifts, decorating Christmas trees, singing carols, and enjoying festive meals.Q: Why is Christmas celebrated on December 25th?A: December 25th was chosen as the date to celebrate Christmas because it coincided with the pagan festival of Saturnalia and the winter solstice. The early Christian Church hoped to replace and Christianize these pagan festivities.Q: What is the significance of the Christmas tree?A: The Christmas tree is a symbol of life and light. It represents the everlasting life that Jesus brought to the world. The tradition of decorating trees during Christmas time began in Germany and has since spread around the world.Q: Why is Santa Claus associated with Christmas?A: Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas or Kris Kringle, is a legendary figure who brings gifts to children on Christmas Eve. The association between Santa Claus and Christmas can be traced back to various traditions, including the Dutch Sinterklaas and the English Father Christmas.Q: Where does Santa Claus live?A: According to popular folklore, Santa Claus lives at the North Pole. He is said to have a workshop there where his elves help him make toys for children.Q: How does Santa Claus deliver gifts to children around the world in one night?A: The magical ability of Santa Claus to deliver gifts to children around the world in one night is attributed to his sleigh and reindeer. According to the legend, Santa Claus travels in a sleigh pulled by eight reindeer, led by Rudolph with his glowing red nose.Q: What is the story behind Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer?A: Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer is a character created by Robert L. May in 1939. The story tells of a reindeer named Rudolph who is teased by his peers because of his glowing red nose. However, on a foggy Christmas Eve, Santa Claus asks Rudolph to lead his sleigh, using his nose to guide the way. Rudolph's bravery and uniqueness are celebrated, and he becomes a hero.Q: What are some popular Christmas songs?A: Some popular Christmas songs include "Jingle Bells," "Silent Night," "Deck the Halls," "We Wish You a Merry Christmas," "Hark! The Herald Angels Sing," and "O Holy Night." These songs are often sung during Christmas gatherings and are played on the radio during the holiday season.Q: Do all countries celebrate Christmas on December 25th?A: While December 25th is the most common date for Christmas celebrations, not all countries celebrate Christmas on this day. For example, some Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate Christmas on January 7th due to differences in the calendar systems.Q: Are there any other religious holidays celebrated around Christmas time?A: Yes, there are other religious holidays celebrated around Christmas time. For example, Hanukkah, also known as the Festival of Lights, is a Jewish holiday that usually falls around the same time as Christmas. Additionally, Kwanzaa is an African-American holiday that begins on December 26th and lasts for seven days.Q: What are some Christmas traditions in different countries?A: Christmas traditions vary from country to country. In the UK, for example, it is common to pull Christmas crackers, which contain small toys or items, with another person. In Sweden, families often celebrate with a St. Lucia Day procession, led by a girl wearing a crown of candles. In Mexico, a tradition called Las Posadas involves reenacting Mary and Joseph's search for lodging in Bethlehem.Q: Are there any traditional Christmas foods?A: Yes, many countries have traditional Christmas foods. In the United States, a roast turkey with stuffing and cranberry sauce is a common Christmas dinner. In Italy, a traditional Christmas Eve meal, called the "Feast of the Seven Fishes," involves serving various fish and seafood dishes. In Japan, it is popular to eat a special type of cake called Christmas cake.Q: How do people greet each other during the Christmas season?A: During the Christmas season, it is common to greet one another with "Merry Christmas" or "Happy Holidays." These greetings are often accompanied by exchanging cards or gifts. Q: What are some popular Christmas movies?A: Some popular Christmas movies include "Home Alone," "It's a Wonderful Life," "A Christmas Carol," "Elf," "The Polar Express," and "Love Actually." These movies are often watched during the holiday season and have become beloved classics.Q: Is gift-giving a major part of Christmas?A: Yes, gift-giving is a major part of Christmas. It is a way for people to show love and appreciation for one another. People often exchange gifts with family members, friends, and colleagues during the holiday season.Q: Are there any charitable activities associated with Christmas?A: Yes, charitable activities are often associated with Christmas. Many people donate to charities or volunteer their time to help those less fortunate during the holiday season. This can include donating toys to children in need, serving meals at a homeless shelter, or participating in a charity run or walk.Q: Are there any superstitions or beliefs associated with Christmas?A: Yes, there are various superstitions and beliefs associated with Christmas. For example, it is believed to be good luck to kiss under the mistletoe. Additionally, some people believe that animals can speak on Christmas Eve or that a wish made while ringing a bell at midnight on Christmas Eve will come true.Q: Do all cultures celebrate Christmas in a similar way?A: No, different cultures celebrate Christmas in different ways. Some cultures may have different traditions, foods, or customs associated with Christmas. Additionally, in some cultures, Christmas may not be celebrated at all.Q: What is Advent?A: Advent is a period of preparation and anticipation leading up to Christmas. It begins on the fourth Sunday before Christmas and lasts for four weeks. It is a time of waiting and preparing for the coming of Jesus Christ.Q: Is Christmas celebrated in non-Christian countries?A: Yes, Christmas is celebrated in some non-Christian countries. While it may not be celebrated for religious reasons, it is often seen as a holiday to exchange gifts, decorate, and spend time with family and friends.Q: What is the Christmas season?A: The Christmas season, also known as the holiday season, refers to the time period surrounding Christmas. It typically begins in late November or early December and lasts until New Year's Day. During this time, there are often parties, events, and festivities to celebrate the holiday.Q: What are some alternative ways to celebrate Christmas?A: While many people celebrate Christmas with traditional customs, there are also alternative ways to celebrate. For example, some people choose to volunteer or donate to charity instead of exchanging gifts. Others may choose to spend the holiday traveling or participating in outdoor activities.Q: Is Christmas a national holiday?A: Christmas is recognized as a national holiday in many countries around the world, including the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and many European countries. This means that most businesses and schools are closed on Christmas Day.Q: What are some popular Christmas traditions in the United States?A: Some popular Christmas traditions in the United States include hanging stockings by the fireplace, leaving cookies and milk for Santa Claus, and decorating the house with lights and ornaments. Many people also enjoy caroling, attending Christmas parades, and watching holiday-themed movies or TV specials.Q: What is the true meaning of Christmas?A: The true meaning of Christmas is to celebrate and remember the birth of Jesus Christ. It is a time to reflect on the love and sacrifice that Jesus showed to the world and to share that same love with others.。
为罗布桑珠音乐家写一篇英语作文My Favorite Musician: Lobsang from TibetHave you ever heard of Tibet? It's this really cool place up in the mountains of China. The air is thin up there because the land is so high, and everything looks pretty different from where I live. That's the home of one of my favorite musicians, a guy named Lobsang.Lobsang comes from a long line of nomads who wandered the grasslands of Tibet tending their herds of yaks and sheep. Can you imagine spending your whole life outdoors like that? I don't think I could hack it. It gets super cold up on those high plateaus! But that's just how Lobsang's ancestors lived for centuries and centuries.From the time he was a little kid, Lobsang learned all the traditional songs and musical styles from his parents and grandparents. A lot of their music has to do with Buddhist spirituality, which is the main religion in Tibet. But the tunes also tell stories about nomadic life, herding animals, and the stunningly beautiful landscapes.Lobsang's first instrument was this really cool thing called a dranyen. It's kind of like a lute with a bamboo neck and stringsmade out of yak hair! The body is made from thin wood and it has a big hollow sound chamber carved into it. Lobsang learned to pluck out melodies on the dranyen while singing along in his native Tibetan language.As he got older, Lobsang picked up some other instruments too. One is the lingbu, which is like a bamboo flute. By controlling his breathing and mouth on the lingbu, he could mimic the sounds of birds and windswept valleys. He's also a master of the Tibetan long trumpet called a dungchen. It's this really long brass instrument, longer than I am tall! The dungchen makes a powerful, rumbling drone that you can hear from miles away when the nomads use it.Of course, Lobsang's most important instrument is his incredible voice. Tibetan singers use all kinds of strange techniques that aren't like normal singing at all. They can make their voices go up into head tones that sound almost like whistling. Or they can make their voices rumbly and deep, kind of like growling bears! It's definitely not like anything you'd ever hear on the radio.Lobsang spent years learning all the traditional folk songs and spiritual melodies from the elders of his clan. But he didn't just copy them exactly. He's a creative guy, so he startedimprovising his own lyrics and melodies while still staying true to the ancient Tibetan musical traditions. That's part of what makes him such an incredible artist.In his music, you can hear the sounds of the wind whipping across the Tibetan plateau. His voice mimics the bray of a dzos (that's a kind of cow). The lingering tones remind me of those huge valleys surrounded by snowy peaks. Listening to Lobsang's songs, it's like getting a glimpse into the nomadic culture that has existed for so long in Tibet.Unfortunately, a lot of that nomadic traditions are disappearing now. More and more folks are leaving the grasslands to move into towns and cities, often because their grazing lands have been taken over or it's getting too hard to keep herding animals with the changing climate. So in a way, Lobsang is like a living conservation of an ancient way of life that may not exist for too much longer.That's part of why his music is so important. By singing those ancient folk tunes about nomadic experiences, he's keeping that cultural heritage alive for new generations. It would be such a shame if nobody remembered those incredible stories and styles of singing that stretch back hundreds of years.Lobsang didn't always have an easy life though. See, the Chinese government hasn't always been so cool about letting Tibetans practice their culture and religion freely. For many years, they tried to stamp out anything having to do with Tibetan identity. Lobsang had to be really careful about performing or even just singing at home when he was a kid because the authorities could get mad about it.Thankfully, things have gotten a little better now and Lobsang has been able to travel around the world sharing his amazing musical traditions with people everywhere. He's put out tons of albums and even won some major awards for his singing. Can you believe he's performed at festivals in the United States, Australia, and all over Europe too?Whenever I listen to Lobsang's music, it's like getting transported to this totally different world. I can imagine myself riding on a horse across those vast plains, with the wind whipping through my hair and snowcapped mountains all around. His voice sounds so pure and spiritual, kind of like it rises up from the earth itself.Maybe someday I'll even get to visit Tibet and see where Lobsang comes from myself. But for now, I'm just grateful that he has shared his remarkable talents with the rest of the world.His music keeps alive an ancient cultural tradition that is absolutely fascinating to me. Lobsang is preserving a little glimpse into the nomadic past, one beautiful, haunting melody at a time.。
3B SCIENTIFIC ® PHYSICS1Bola en un tazón 1017332Instrucciones de uso10/15 ALF1. DescripciónUna esfera rodante se mueve sobre un cuerpo de vidrio acrílico cóncaco de curvatura esférica. Un caso especial de este movimiento es la oscilación alrededor de su posición de equilibrio, como un péndulo simple. En este, caso el radio de curvatu-ra del cuerpo de vidrio acrílico corresponde a la longitud del péndulo. Otro caso especial adicional es el movimiento circular alrededor de la perpen-dicular como un péndulo esférico.Tres esferas de acero forman parte del volu-men de suministro.Matemáticamente, la dependencia en el tiempo de la posición se la esfera oscilante se describe por medio del vector de posición en coordenadas esféricas:(1)()(),θ(),()r t R t t =φR : Radio de curvatura = Longitud del péndulo θ: Ángulo polar, desviación de la posición de equilibrioφ: Ángulo acimutal, rotación alrededor de la perpendicular.Para la energía potencial se obtiene entonces que:(2)pot cos E m g R =-⋅⋅⋅θA su vez, para la energía cinética:(3) ()2kin 2222121sin 2E m v m R =⋅⋅=⋅⋅θ+φθ.El punto simboliza la derivada temporal de una magnitud. A partir de la energía potencial y de la cin-etica se obtienen dos ecuaciones dife-renciales acopladas, con el ángulo polar Ɵ y el ángulo acimutal Φ como variables. Las ecuaci-ones tienen, entre otras, las siguientes solucio-nes características: 1)0θ=La esfera descansa en su posición de equilibrio estable, en el centro del cuerpo de vidrio acrílico.3B Scie ntific GmbH ▪ Rudorffweg 8 ▪ 21031 Hamburgo ▪ Alemania ▪ Se reservan las modificaciones técnicas © Copyright 2015 3B Scientific GmbH2)0φ=La esfera oscila alrededor de su posición de equilibrio, como un péndulo simple. El tiem-po de una oscilación es: (4)725R T g=⋅π⋅⋅. g : Acelaración gravitacional3)cos gR φ=⋅θLa esfera se mueve alrededor de la perpen-dicular en un círculo, como un péndulo es-ferico.2. Datos técnicosRadio de curvatura: 200 mm Diámetro:140 mm Diçametro de la esfera: 16 mm3. Manejo∙Se realizan los casos especiales 2) y 3) nombrados en el movimiento de la esfera en el cuerpo de vidrio acrílico.∙Para el caso especial 2) del péndulo simple se mide la duración del período T con un cronómetro y se verifica la fórmula (4).R2rFig. 1Representación esquemática del péndulo esférico。
Ostriches are one of the most fascinating creatures on our planet. They are not only the largest birds in the world but also possess unique characteristics that set them apart from other avian species. In this essay, Ill share my experience and knowledge about these magnificent birds, which I first encountered during a school trip to a wildlife sanctuary.My fascination with ostriches began when I was in high school. Our class had the opportunity to visit a local wildlife sanctuary, and it was there that I first laid eyes on these incredible creatures. The sanctuary was home to a variety of animals, but the ostriches captured my attention like no other. They were towering figures, their long necks and legs giving them a statuesque presence. The sight of them strutting around the enclosure was both graceful and commanding.One of the first things I learned about ostriches is their sheer size. They can stand up to 9 feet tall, which is taller than most humans. Their weight can reach up to 320 pounds, making them the heaviest birds on Earth. Despite their size, ostriches are incredibly fast runners, capable of reaching speeds of up to 45 miles per hour. This speed is unmatched by any other bird species and is a testament to their powerful legs, which are muscular and welladapted for running.The ostrichs feathers are another remarkable feature. Unlike most birds, ostriches do not have feathers for flying. Instead, their feathers are more like hair, and they are used for insulation and camouflage. The feathers are soft to the touch and have a unique texture that is quite different from the feathers of other birds. I was fortunate enough to be allowed to touch oneof the ostriches at the sanctuary, and the sensation of running my hand over its feathers was both surprising and memorable.Ostriches are also known for their incredible eyesight. They have the largest eyes of any land animal, which allows them to see great distances. This keen vision is crucial for their survival in the wild, as it helps them spot predators and potential prey from afar. During our visit to the sanctuary, we were shown how an ostrich can spot a small object from a distance of up to 2 miles. This ability is truly remarkable and is a testament to the evolutionary adaptations that have allowed ostriches to thrive in their natural habitats.Another interesting aspect of ostriches is their behavior. They are social animals and often live in groups called flocks. Within these groups, ostriches have a complex social structure, with dominant individuals leading the way and younger, less dominant ostriches following. This social structure helps to ensure the survival of the group as a whole, as the dominant individuals are often the first to spot potential threats and can alert the rest of the group to danger.Ostriches are also known for their unique mating rituals. The males perform elaborate displays to attract a mate, which include dancing, puffing up their feathers, and making loud calls. These displays can be quite a sight to behold, and they are a testament to the complexity of ostrich behavior and social interactions.In conclusion, ostriches are truly remarkable creatures that offer a wealthof fascinating insights into the natural world. From their impressive size and speed to their unique feathers and keen eyesight, ostriches are a testament to the incredible diversity of life on our planet. My experience at the wildlife sanctuary was an eyeopening one, and it has left me with a deep appreciation for these incredible birds. Whether you are a student, a nature enthusiast, or simply someone with a curiosity about the world around you, I highly recommend taking the time to learn more about ostriches and the unique characteristics that make them such extraordinary creatures.。
如果你有一对翅膀带你飞翔If you had wings to lift you还能有开阳双星中的伴星为你指路and the Second Star your guide,你就会发现一处四季同时存在的繁茂仙境you'd find a place where all the seasons flourish side by side.穿过它夏天的牧场越过那秋天的丛林Yet past the Summer Meadow and beyond the Autumn Wood,有一处被世界的忽略的秘密冰地lies an icy land of secrets, a world misunderstood.你若是游目骋怀你的心自然会发觉But if your mind is open and your heart just has to know,那翅膀能带你飞去你从未幻想过的地方your wings can take you farther than you ever thought you'd go. 奇妙仙子与羽翼之谜闻到早春的气息我们就会来到We'll be there at the first breath of spring鸟儿开始歌♥唱草儿开始生长When the birds start to sing and the grass starts growing.我们出现在酷暑的夏日We'll be there in the still summer heat.金色的草地闪耀在漫山遍野With the meadow's gleaming gold.轻快的秋日我们来了We'll be there on the crisp autumn days.凉爽的微风里树叶哗哗得落下With the leaves all ablaze in the cool breeze blowing.每一年我们都来到这里We'll be there for it all every year就像旧日里那样As we've been since days of old.如果世界比我们知道的更加宽广怎么办For what if the world is wider than we ever knew?所有的季节都过去我们难道没有梦想过更遥远的未来And through all the seasons didn't we dream of something more? 我们能勇敢面对未知的世界吗What if we brave the great unknown?我们若不是形单影只那会怎样What if we're not so all alone?我所找寻的那个人会不会就是你What if it's you I'm searching for?注意啦各位Look sharp, everyone!雪鸮就快来了The snowy owls will soon be arriving它们要把雪花篮子带到冬日之林去to take the snowflake baskets to the Winter Woods.露辛达别做面条了快去修篮子Lucinda, stop noodling and start tinkering.这是最后一拨了吗Is that the last load?多谢了绮思Thanks, Cheese.编织篮子是我最爱做的事了波波Basket weaving is my favorite thing, Bobble.是吗我更喜欢编流苏花边Really? I'm partial to macramé.早安柯兰科早安波波Morning, Clank. Morning, Bobble.早安呀Morning!这些应该足够编完雪花篮啦That should be enough to finish the snowflake baskets. 是呀肯定的Aye, that will do her.谢谢啦Thanks!-柯兰科 -噢抱歉-Clanky. -Oh! Sorry.真不敢相信我们编好了篮子I can't believe we make the baskets,却不能亲手把它们送给冬岛仙子but don't get to take them to the Winter Fairies.哎你们就不想去冬日之林见见世面I mean, wouldn't you want to go into the Winter Woods? 拜托那么冷的气温我们一天都待不下去Oh, we wouldn't last a day in that cold.而且我很害怕冰川Besides, I'm afraid of glaciers.冰川Glaciers?据说冰川都是悄悄移♥动♥的They're known for their stealth.他从没亲眼见过He's never actually seen one.你也没见过You never do!雪鸮来啦The snowy owls!大家各就各位Places, everyone!柯兰科和波波把篮子吊起来Clank, Bobble, get that basket up.好的明白了玛丽仙子Right! Got it, Fairy Mary!启动传送车Start the pulley!噢有一只新来的Ooh! Newcomer.哇Wow.最后一批取货订单The final shipment order.天哪他们明天还要再多订20个篮子Oh, goodness! They need 20 more baskets for tomorrow's pickup. 那边是个完全不同的世界There's a whole other world over there.干得好同志们第一批货物已经发向冬岛啦Well done, everyone! The first shipment is headed for Winter.不过为了明天的交货还有更多要准备But there's much more to do for tomorrow's pickup,没时间给你们休息啦so this is no time to rest on your laurels.露辛达从月桂树上下来赶紧去工作Lucinda, get off your laurel and get to work.小心Look out!走开啊兔兔Runaway bunny!不No!-抓到你啦 -谢了小叮当-Got you! -Thanks, Tink.不客气福恩No problem, Fawn.嘿小家伙距冬日之林还有好远呢Come on, little guy. It's still a long way to the Winter Woods. 你把动物们今天就带过去Oh, you're taking the animals today?正在努力呢Trying to.它们是时候该穿越边境了It's time for them to cross the border,但这个小家伙太棘手了but this little guy is a handful.嘿我来帮忙怎么样Hey, uh, how about if I help?慢一点慢一点Slow down! Slow down!-需要帮忙吗 -不用啦还应付得来-Need some help? -Nope. Doing fine.这小东西还真敏捷That lost thing really is handy.是呀Yeah.我可怜的脚后跟啊跳跳兔慢一点Heel, hoppy, heel! Slow down!哇Wow.别害怕小家伙Oh, don't be scared, little fellow.让鼬鼠们先过去We'll let the weasels go first.好啦快点来吧Come on. Come on. Come on!我们要带着动物进去走多远So, how far do we take the animals in?-小叮当我们是不能越界的 -什么-Uh, Tink, we don't cross the border. -Huh?我们只是帮助动物们过去We just help the animals cross.我以为动物仙子会和动物们一起过去呢But I thought Animal Fairies got to cross with the animals. 叮当那边会冻死人的Tink, it's freezing over there.而且热岛仙子是不允许进入冬日之林的Besides, no Warm Fairies are allowed in the Winter Woods. 就像冬岛仙子也不许过来一样Just like Winter Fairies aren't allowed over here.谁立的这条规矩Who made up that rule?我觉得应该是冬岛国王吧I think it was the Lord of Winter.冬岛还有国王Winter has a lord?好了小可爱们准备好了没All right, guys. You ready?-哇 -真赞是吧-Wow. -Pretty great, huh?太不可思议了It's incredible.它们穿上了冬衣来御寒They get their winter coats to protect them from the cold. 该你们了去吧Your turn. Go on.快去呀跟着你的兄弟们Go on, now. Follow your brothers.再见咯Bye-bye!好了该大家伙了All right, big guy.噢不是吧Oh, no.现在可别冬眠呀No hibernating yet.你要到冬岛里才能冬眠You do that in Winter!起来吧拜托Come on. Come on!醒醒醒醒呀Wake up. Wake up.咦Oh...快起来Come on.醒醒呀Wake up.太阳晒屁♥股♥咯Rise and shine.呀Ooh!哦Ooh!哇塞Oh...喂叮当Tink!小叮当Tink!-小叮当 -怎么了-Tinker Bell! -What?嘿叮当我告诉过你我们不能过去的Oh, Tink! I told you, we're not allowed to cross.你的翅膀Your wings.我知道I know!我的翅膀在闪闪发光They were sparkling.它们冻住了They're freezing!我们最好带你去治愈仙子那看看We'd better get you to a Healing Talent Fairy.-可是 -快走-But... -Come on.有什么可以效劳的吗May I help you?还要等多久啊How much longer?我已经说过撞倒彩虹不算急诊I told you, a rainbow collision is not an emergency. 但是紫色部分已经开始发痒了But the purple's starting to itch.坐那等会Take a seat.噢被金鱼草盖住了吧Oh! Snapdragon, right?是的Mmm... hmm.不算急诊把草种到那儿去吧Not an emergency. Plant it over there. 谢谢Thank you.快点吧姑娘们去晚了怎么办Hurry, girls. What if we're too late? -嘿抱歉你知不知道 -来窗口-Oh! Sorry. Do you know... -Window. 够了停停停Uh, uh, uh, uh!病患姓名Patient's name?小叮当Tinker Bell.嗯越界的人她Oh, yes. The border crosser. She's...被冰冻结了吗Frozen solid?-2号♥诊室 -天哪-Room two. -Oh, my.-谢谢你 -恩哼-Thank you. -Mmm... hmm.-这边 -快点姑娘们快点-This way! -Come on, girls. Hurry.她就在那边 2号♥诊室She's right over here. Room two.-她在那 -嘿小叮当-There she is. -Tink!我们尽快赶来了We got here as quick as we could.只在接待处耽误了一小下We did have to stop at reception.你真的过界了Did you really cross?是不是Well, did you?嘘Shh!-嗯 -哇-Hmm... -Whoa.嘘Shh!嗯好吧Mmm... hmm.好了你暖和起来了我们来测试下你的翅膀吧Okay. You're all warmed up. Let's test your wings.嗯好的Oh! Sure.张开翅膀Open.嗯合上吧Mmm. Close.拍几下And try a little flap.飘起来拍拍A flutter.能飞起来拍打翅膀吗Can you give me a flitter?好了没发现什么问题你的翅膀好着呢Okay. Well, I don't see anything unusual. Your wings appear to be fine. 但为什么闪闪发光呢But what about the sparkling?肯定是雪的反光所致It must have been the light reflecting off the snow.-可是 -你实在不该-But... -You should have never越过界的crossed the border.冬岛对热岛仙子的翅膀来说太冷了Winter is too cold for our Warm Fairy wings.保险起见我给你拿两颗向日葵种子Now, to be safe, I want you to take two sunflower seeds如果有问题你再过来and come back if there is any problem.-谢谢 -不客气-Thank you. -Mmm... hmm.我们很担心你小叮当We were worried, Tink.嗯翅膀没出问题算你走运Oh! You are so lucky nothing happened to your wings.真要出事怎么办Can you imagine?真的有事发生哟我的翅膀闪闪发光来着But something did happen. They sparkled!你也听她说了只是雪的光线反射而已But you heard her. It was just the light reflecting off the snow. 不是的它们确实亮了No, it wasn't. They actually lit up.比一千只萤火虫都要亮It was brighter than a thousand fireflies.你看见了是吧福恩You saw it. Didn't you, Fawn?没有No.你们不相信我You don't believe me?谁呃Who... Um...呃不是不信Uh... No?听着伙伴们这是真的感觉就像Look, you guys, it happened. It felt like...-像 -像什么-Like... -Like What?就像冬日之林在召唤我Like the Winter Woods was calling me.你们明白吗You know?不太明白快去叫医生来Not really. Get the doctor.动物仙子书籍记载着精灵仙尘的101种用法Animal Fairy Books, 101 Uses for Pixie Dust,美人和蜜蜂Beauty and the Bees...这里肯定能有讲翅膀的书There's got to be a wing book here somewhere.驾驭彩虹的规定不不是那个Rules for Rainbow Riding. No, not that.哎嘿Huh? Hey.有人吃书了Someone's been eating the books!是书虫Bookworms.咦这是什么Oh. What's this?啊Ah!光学阅读Light reading.仙尘学风学Dustology, windology...哎呀A-ha!翅膀学这正是我要找的Wingology. That's got to have it.站住Oh!抓到你啦Got you!喂Ahem.抱歉Sorry.没事Mmm...hmm.好了看看吧Okay, let's see.翅膀护理翅膀清洗翅膀小提示Wing care. Wing washing. Wing tips."不要把翅膀弄湿"地球人都知道"Don't get them wet." Everybody knows that. 尺寸形状拍打舞动Sizes, shapes, flapping, fluttering.闪光我就知道会有Sparkling! I knew it!噢Oh!抱歉找到了Sorry. Found it!什么Huh?噢不Oh, no.多谢了Thanks a lot.嗯Hmm.好吧Okay."闪光的翅膀当最不可置信的"Sparkling wings. When a most incredible...就会闪光有两个"that the sparkle... There were two."什么意思Huh?"闪光有两个""That the sparkle... There were two."两支翅膀两只脚到底两个什么Two wings? Two feet? Two what?-喂 -噢-Psst. -Oh!-什么事 -嘿-Yes? -Hey.你了解闪光的翅膀吗Do you know anything about sparkling wings?不了解书虫吃了那一页No. The bookworm ate that page.是呀我知道Yeah, I know.但是管♥理♥员♥知道But the Keeper does.管♥理♥员♥ 谁是管♥理♥员♥ The Keeper? Who's the Keeper?就是写书的人咯他知道有关精灵的所有知识He writes the books. He is the keeper of all fairy knowledge.太棒了他在这吗我要找他谈谈That's perfect. Is he here? I have to talk to him.若能他谈谈我愿付出一切不过不行I would give anything to talk to him. But you can't.为什么不行Why not?因为他是冬岛仙子Because he's a Winter Fairy.要是想和他聊天你就必须要去冬日之林In order to talk to him, you would have to go to the Winter Woods. 这是不可能的翅膀被冻住还会And that's impossible. Your wings will freeze and...第16章写着呢Chapter 16.哎呦在冬日之林呀Hmm. The Winter Woods.翅膀学作者图书管♥理♥员♥嗯Hmm.飞不起来了Can't fly.快点快点赶快完工滑车准备Hurry, now, hurry! Let's finish up. Stand by with the pulley.好了这是这季度最后一次收♥货♥ 大家尽最大努力啊All right! It's this season's final pickup, so let's make it our best.露辛达把面包给烘焙仙子做吧Lucinda, let's leave the loafing for the Baking Fairies.-好的柯兰科 -好了-Okay, Clanky. -Right!哎呦Ouch!雪花释放系统开始运行Snowflake release system working!也许你们该多测试雪花一会Maybe you should be the test snowflake for a while.-小叮当 -怎么了-Tink? -Huh?我们已经检查过那个篮子了We already checked that basket.好吧只是Right. Uh...你为啥穿的这么暖和Why are you dressed all cozy?我准备去冬日之林I'm going to the Winter Woods.去冬日之林The Winter Woods?小点声Shh!去冬日之林The Winter Woods?就位了各位Places, everyone!雪鸮来了The snowy owls. They're here!启动传送车Start the pulley!拜拜Bye!小叮当等等Tink! Wait!你不能越界的叮当小姐你的翅膀You can't cross the border, Miss Bell. Your wings!别担心翅膀在大衣里Don't worry. They're in my coat.你这么做是因为Does this have to do with the...-闪光的事吗 -是的-The sparkling? -Yes.冬岛里有人能告诉我闪光的原因There's somebody in Winter who can tell me what it means. 柯兰科波波那只篮子有问题吗Clank! Bobble! Is something wrong with that basket?什么哦What? Oh!-你看 -没事-You see... -No!怎么办小叮当Tink?我必须这么做I just have to do this.不不一切都很好No, no. Everything is fine.我们只是舍不得篮子离开这么漂亮的篮子We're just sad to see it go. Pretty basket.晕说真的快放手吧Oh! Honestly. Let it go!是那只新来的That's the new one.-新来的 -嗯好吧-Uh, new one? -Mmm... hmm.大家都做得很好它们去享受冬天的寒冷了Excellent work, everyone. They're off to the cold of winter. 直到明年才再来Well, that's that until next year.哇我成功了Wow. I made it.欢迎回来Welcome back.冬岛仙子A Winter Fairy.准备好降落了吗You ready for the drop-off?来吧你昨天就做到了没问题的Come on. You did it yesterday. You'll be fine.好了去吧All right then. Here we go.啊Ah!小心Look out!真抱歉Sorry about that.哦糟了Oh, no.米罗利国王Lord Milori.发生什么事了And what happened here?降落不太稳呀这才是它第二次降落A bit of a bumpy landing. It's only his second drop-off.只要篮子没事它做的还是不错的As long as the basket made it, I'd say he did just fine.动物过界情况怎样How was the crossing?四只兔子两只鼬鼠和一只土拨鼠Four bunnies, two weasels, and a marmot.都安全过来了And they all crossed safely.是呀我在北边遇到它们了Yes. I met up with them on the north side.这些雪花真漂亮The snowflakes are looking quite beautiful.各不相同呢No two alike.不要啊No, no, no.值得炫耀Ambitious.哎Hmm.真奇了怪了Now that is odd.噢Oh!这肯定是不小心落在篮子里的It must have been left in the basket by accident.把这个还给管♥理♥员♥Return this to the Keeper.管♥理♥员♥The Keeper.下次运货他能送回暖岛去He can send it back to the Warm Side with his next delivery. 这肯定是从暖岛那边过来装在某个篮子里的It must have come from the Warm Side. In one of the baskets. 谢了Thanks.哇Whoa!到了这章的结尾That's the end of that chapter.故事可真美Boy, that's a beauty.精灵界的芙罗拉和芳娜Flora and Fauna of the Fairies.在这画上句号♥ 我们就完工咯Put a period there, then we are pretty much done.等等我忘了标页码Wait. I forgot to number the pages.哎我又得全部重头再整理这本巨书了Oh! I'm going to have to start all over on this large book.-管♥理♥员♥ 管♥理♥员♥ -在呢怎么-Keeper. Keeper! -Yes, what...最不可思议的事发生了你绝对不会相信The most amazing thing happened. You'll never believe it.好了我马上出来来了Okay, I'm coming. I'm coming.我从来没有这种感觉I've never felt anything like it!我的朋友都不信他们怎么就不信呢这真是My friends didn't believe me, but how could they because it's so...慢点说说太快我跟不上Slow down. I can only listen so fast.昨天就在边界那里我的翅膀Yesterday, at the border, my wings.它们它们突然亮了起来They actually... They lit up.又亮了It's happening again!哇Oh...天哪真是不可思议Well, I'll be a yeti's uncle.我有生之年第一次看到In all my years.你的翅膀它们在闪光Your wings. They're sparkling.跟你的翅膀一样Like yours.我写过闪光翅膀的书I've written about the sparkling,但我自己从没亲眼见过闪光but I've never seen the sparkling with my own peepers!哦对跟我来Oh, uh, follow me.现在用脚踩在雪花上面Now, step the footsies on the snowflake.把你们的翅膀放进光里Just put your wings into the light.是大♥陆♥The mainland.噢不Oh, no.你好Hello?你好Hello.你好Hello?两个仙子生有相同的笑容Two fairies born of the same laugh.这意味着So that means...你是我的You're my...所以我们是So we're孪生姐妹sisters.是的你们的翅膀就是证明Yes! And your wings are identical.这就是她们会发光的原因That is why they sparkle.叮当Jingles!啊天呐或许你们不该那么做Ah... Oh, boy. Maybe you shouldn't do that. 我叫小叮当Um, I'm Tinker Bell.我叫佩里温可I'm Periwinkle.你一定去过边界吧So you must have been at the border.是啊我想去看看动物穿越边界的样子Yeah. I was hoping to see the animals cross. 我好像没能看见你I guess I didn't see you.我也是Me either.怎么了What?通常我只在家才戴上I usually just wear them at home.-哇哦 -有人吗-Wow. -Hello.管♥理♥员♥ 你在吗Keeper, are you in?我的天呐米罗利陛下来了Yumping yetis, Lord Milori!如果他看到你他会把你送回去的If he sees you, he'll send you back.管♥理♥员♥ 你在吗Keeper? Are you here?别担心我来搞定Don't worry. I'm going to take care of this.你在哪Where are you?马上就来Ah. Come back later!管♥理♥员♥ Keeper?天呐被他发现了Whoa, boy. Can't get that one back.我得跟你谈谈I need to speak with you.很重要It's important.马上回来I'll be right back.我在这米罗利陛下I'm right here, Lord Milori.你收到那本翅膀书了么Did you receive that wing book?一直以来呢You know, once upon a time,您都是先打个招呼再进来的you'd stop by just to say hello and howdy-do. 不好意思你好I'm sorry. Hello.你好Howdy-dg?你好Howdy-do.那本书让我很担心万一是暖岛仙子带来的怎么办This book has me worried. What if a Warm Fairy brought it here? 那正好啊快见见暖岛仙子Well, that might be nice, then, meeting a Warm Fairy.特别是读书这么有品位的暖岛仙子Especially one with such good taste in books.这里太冷了It's too cold.他们可以穿个外套Maybe if they were wearing a coat,或者套件毛背心or one of them little sweater vests.-他们人很好 -我得提醒你-They're nice. -I'll remind you.穿越边界是被禁止的Crossing the border is forbidden.从前就没这规矩There was a time when it wasn't.这条规矩是用来保护仙子们的安全不会改变The rule is there to keep the fairies safe. That will never change. 但我But I...如果有暖岛仙子来这你要送他们回去If a Warm Fairy comes here, you will send them back.当然Of course.谢谢Thank you.米罗利陛下说的话你都听到了Well, you heard the Lord Milori.他说你必须回家去He said you must go back home.当然他没说什么时候Of course, he didn't say when.你俩现在听好了天黑之后会变得更冷Now, listen, you two, it gets colder after the dark,所以最好在月亮升起之前带着小叮当回家so it's best to get Tinker Bell home before the first moonlight.谢谢你杜威Thank you, Dewey.杜威Dewey?这是他的真名That's his real name.我的朋友们就这么叫我It's what my friends call me.谢谢你Thank you.叫我杜威吧Dewey.杜威Dewey.呃我是个冰霜仙子我能把东西冻结住So, um, I'm a Frost Fairy. I frost things.-哦我是个修补匠我 -修补东西-Oh. I'm a Tinker. I... -Tinker things?是啊衣服都是我自己做的Yep. I even made this coat.-哇哦我喜欢 -谢谢-Oh, I like it. -Thanks.不客气You're welcome.双胞胎Sisters.真是不可思议那仙尘千里迢迢从仙尘之树来到这It's amazing. The dust travels all the way from the Pixie Dust Tree. 和你来这差不多元Kind of like you did.特伦斯和我差点就从海盗船逃出来了Terence and I barely escaped the pirate ship!-他是你男朋友吗 -额-Is he your boyfriend? -Uh...所以莉兹喜欢小仙子So Lizzy loves fairies?是啊她还造了个仙子小屋Yeah. She even built a fairy house.我就是这么遇到她的我和维迪雅That's how I met her. You see, me and Vidia...你也喜欢收集别人丢掉的小东西You collect lost things, too?我管这叫做寻宝I call them found things.找到你前我从未意识到自己曾失去你I never knew I lost you till I found you.你无法想象你对我来说是有多亲密And you'd never guess how close you are to me.此刻我想拥你入怀Now I want to throw my arms around you.诉说一千个让你惊奇的故事Tell a thousand tales that will astound you.你的一切让我了解什么是命中注定Everything about you tells me this was meant to be. 看到了吗我就在你的身旁Don't you see? I'm on your side.让我们一起前行Let's take this ride.一起面对这世界And together we're facing the world.做前所未有的事Doing things nobody's done before.再高大的分界线And the great divide.也不再那样分明Doesn't seem so wide.无法将你我阻挡Anymore.这里就是冰霜森林This is the Frost Forest.哇哦Wow.那是格里斯That's Gliss.来呀斯派克练习下Come on, Spike. Practice.好好练着呢Okay, okay. Practicing.那是斯派克她有点And that's Spike. She's a bit...哇Whoa!-嗨 -孪生姐妹-Hi. -Sisters?哇这真是酷毙了Well, I think it's fantastic!你俩看起来一模一样Wow, you two look exactly alike!我是说除了衣服发型还有佩里更白一些之外I mean, except for your clothes and your hair and Peri's a bit more pale. 你俩的鼻子简直一样But your noses are very similar.先别说鼻子她可是暖仙子在冬岛啊Forget their noses. She's a Warm Fairy. In Winter!没错我们得带她转转You're right. We got to show her around!哦对了Oh, oh, oh!咱们带她滑雪去走啊斯派克Let's take her ice sliding! Come on, Spike!你绝对会喜欢的You are going to love this!听起来很有趣It sounds fun.真是好主意把暖精灵从雪山上推下去Yeah. Great idea. Push the Warm Fairy down a hill of ice.倒是等等我呀你们Okay, well, wait for me, you guys.若我步履蹒跚时能有你的搀扶And if you'll be there beside me when I falter.我们便能泰然面对一切Then whatever comes I know we'll take it all in stride.预备滑Ready, set, slide!我会在你身旁I'm on your side.让我们一起前行Let's take this ride.共同面对这世界And together we're facing the world.做前所未有的事Doing things nobody's done before.再高大的分界线And the great divide.也不再那么分明Doesn't seem so wide.再无法将你我分离Anymore嗯我来问你最喜欢的星星是哪颗Um... I know. Favorite star?开阳双星中的伴星Second star-是右边那颗 -是右边那颗-to the right. -To the right.最喜欢喝的饮料呢Okay. Favorite drink?我爱热菊花茶Hot chamomile tea.我爱冰菊花茶Iced chamomile tea!哦Oh!到我了你最喜欢的昆虫Okay, my turn. How about favorite bug?虫子这里太冷没有昆虫Bug? It's too cold for bugs over here,但是在杜威的书里我见过蝴蝶but in one of Dewey's books, I read about butterflies. 在蝴蝶谷有成千上万只蝴蝶Oh, in Butterfly Cove, there's hundreds of them.它们在夏天出现就在It's in summer. It's right over...呃嗯Um... Hmm.看来从这你看不到I guess you can't see it from here.是啊看不到No. You can't.那里是什么样的呢What's it like over there?温暖Warm.颜色声音And the colors? The sounds?所有的动物还有鱼All the animals. And the fish.他们都在融化的冰里游泳对吗They swim in melted ice, right?是水里Water.我希望I wish...我希望我能去那看看I wish I could go there.-佩里 -怎么-Peri? -Yeah?既然我们能把这里变暖或许我们也能把那里变冷I made it warmer over here. Maybe I could make it colder over there. 你是Are you...你是说让我越过边界Are you saying I could cross?-是的 -噢小叮当-Yeah! -Oh, Tink.你可以带我去看看你的世界You could show me your world.我还能见见你的朋友I could meet your friends.你觉得我有机会见到蝴蝶吗Do you think I could see a butterfly?很有可能There's a pretty good chance.哦Oh!怎么回事小叮当Uh, Tink?-我不能飞 -小叮当-I can't fly! -Tink!坚持住坚持住Hold on. Hold on!我在往下滑I'm slipping!干得好菲奥娜干得好That's it, Fiona. That's it.姑娘们你们没事吧Are you girls all right?-没事 -没事-Yeah. -Yeah.你确定没摔到没蹭到Are you sure? Nothing broken? Nothing bruised?是的我们都好No. We're okay.这次This time.米罗那陛下是对的Lord Milori was right.穿越边界太危险Crossing the border is just too dangerous.你的意思是What are you saying?对不起姑娘们I'm sorry, girls,我恐怕不能如你们所愿了but I'm afraid this isn't going to work out like you hoped.我们得送小叮当回家We have to take Tinker Bell home.走吧菲奥娜Let's go, Fiona.这It's...这是为你好It's for your own good.我不忍♥心看了菲奥娜I can't watch, Fiona.我保证我不会再这么做了I promised myself I wasn't going to do this.计划是这样的明天在这里见Okay. Here's the plan. Meet me here tomorrow.谢天谢地我以为真的再也见不到了Oh, thank goodness. I thought you were really saying goodbye. 怎么会我才遇见自己素未谋面的妹妹No! I just met my sister I never knew I had就要道永别开什么玩笑and I'm going to say goodbye forever? Are you kidding?所以So...柯兰科波波Clank? Bobble?人呢Guys?哎哟Oopsie.小叮当你回来了Tink! You're back!-是呀 -不好意思-Yes. -Sorry!我们以为你是猎物We thought you were a troll.猎物A troll?我知道我们不该用渔网I knew we shouldn't have used the troll stopper.万一真是猎物呢What if it was a troll?你就不这么说了对吧You'd be saying something different, wouldn't you?伙伴们没关系的Guys. It doesn't matter.哦你还在这Oh, right.-我需要你们的帮助 -是跟冰川有关吗-I need your help. -Is it about a glacier?不但这算是一个秘密No. But it's kind of a secret.我不想让所有人都知道I don't want everybody to know.我确定这个纽扣会管用不过我们还缺几个I'm pretty sure these buttons will work, but we're going to need more of them. 我们可以用橡树果壳代替Aye, unless we use a couple of acorn caps.不错好主意Right! Good idea.哇柯兰科在哪Whoo! Now where is that Clanky?哦我在这呢Oh, yes, I'm right here.哦Oh!我没告诉所有人哦I didn't tell everybody.除了福恩罗希尔黛丝还有维迪雅Just Fawn, Ro, Sil, Dess, and Vidia.你有个仙子跟你一模一样So, there's another you.-维迪雅 -是的-Vidia! -Yeah.我有个孪生妹妹I've got a sister.我说的吧I told you!太牛了Bust my bonnet.-好神奇 -太不可思议了-Amazing! -It's fantastic!真不敢相信这是真的I can't believe this is happening.你怎么知道的But how?她们生来就带着相同的笑模样They were born of the same laugh!把你跟我和波波说的告诉她们小叮当Tell them, Tink, what you told me and Bobble.她叫佩里温可Her name's Periwinkle.她是霜冻仙子她真是好厉害She's a Frost Fairy, and she's just amazing.我在制♥作♥这个机器能让她来这儿见你们I'm making this machine so she can come here and meet you all,然后我们就去克莱瑞恩女王那and after that we'll go straight to Queen Clarion!哦Oh...你想过吗Um, have you thought this through?"克拉瑞恩女王好见见这个我偷越边界遇见的冬岛仙子""Hi, Queen Clarion. Meet the Winter Fairy I smuggled over the border." 维迪雅Vidia!克莱瑞恩女王要是知道我们怎么找到彼此When Queen Clarion hears how we found each other,而且我们是孪生姐妹and that we're sisters,她会改变米罗利国王的规矩的she will change Lord Milori's rule.她当然会Oh, of course she will.她不会把你跟亲生妹妹分开She'd never want you to be apart.这就像你心爱的东西失而复得一样It's like you found the perfect lost thing.我绝不会失去她And I'm never going to lose her.好了开始干活吧Well, then, let's get to work!告诉我们该干什么Just tell us what to do.好的Great!我们需要把轮子放在这Okay. We need to place that wheel right here. 明白小叮当Got you, Tink.来把那个撑起来And let's get that propped up over there.我好有修补的天赋I feel so tinkery.-柯兰科波波 -等等-Clank, Bobble... -Wait, wait.底座完成了Finish up the chassis?当然Exactly.-快来柯兰科 -波波-Come on, Clanky! -Bobble!说不定咱俩是兄弟很有可能Perhaps you and I are brothers! It's possible. 我们看起来这么像We look almost exactly alike.没人发现你吧Anyone see you?没No.。
a rXiv:as tr o-ph/4469v13Apr24SX Phoenicis Stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 5466Young-Beom Jeon Korea Astronomy Observatory,Daejeon 305-348,KOREA Email:ybjeon@boao.re.kr Myung Gyoon Lee 1Astronomy Program,School of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Seoul National University,Seoul 151-742,KOREA Email:mglee@astrog.snu.ac.kr Seung-Lee Kim Korea Astronomy Observatory,Daejeon 305-348,KOREA Email:slkim@kao.re.kr and Ho Lee Department of Earth Science Education,Korea National University of Education,Choongbuk 363-791,KOREA Email:leeho119@boao.re.kr ReceivedABSTRACTThrough time-series CCD photometry of the globular cluster NGC5466,we have detected nine SX Phoenicis stars including three new ones.All the SX Phoenicis stars are located in the blue straggler region in the color-magnitude diagram of NGC5466.Five of them show clearly double-radial mode features, the periods of which are well consistent with the theoretical ratio of thefirst overtone mode to the fundamental mode(P1H/P F).Normally,it has not been easy to secure a P-L relation of the SX Phoenicis stars,because determination of the pulsational mode of the SX Phoenicis stars has been difficult.The existence offive SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466with double-radial modes allows us to derive reliably a P-L relation for the fundamental mode of the SX Phoenicis ing seven SX Phoenicis stars includingfive stars with double-radial modes,we derive a P-L relation for the fundamental mode in NGC5466,< V>=−3.25(±0.46)LogP+14.70(±0.06),(σ=±0.04),corresponding to< M V>=−3.25(±0.46)LogP−1.30(±0.06)for an adopted distance modulus of (m−M)0=16.00and zero reddening.Subject headings:Globular clusters:individual(NGC5466))—stars:blue straggler stars—stars:oscillations—stars:variable stars1.IntroductionNGC5466(R.A.=14h05m27.s3,Decl.=+28◦32′04′′,J2000.0)is a sparse globular cluster with an extremely low metallicity[Fe/H]=–2.22(Harris1996),having a large number of blue stragglers.Nemec&Harris(1987)found48blue straggler stars(BSSs) which are mostly concentrated within r=3′from the center of the cluster.Several kinds of variables stars are known to exist in this cluster:six SX Phoenicis stars(Nemec&Mateo 1990;Chen&Corwin1999),three eclipsing binaries(Mateo et al.1990;Kallrath,Milone &Stagg1992;McKinley&Corwin1998),a Cepheid and more than twenty RR Lyrae stars(Clement2001).In this paper we present a photometric study of SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466.In the long-term search for the short-period variable stars in Galactic globular clusters,we have found three new SX Phoenicis stars named Cl*NGC5466SXP1,Cl*NGC5466 SXP2and Cl*NGC5466SXP3in addition to the previously known six named Cl*NGC 5466NH27,Cl*NGC5466NH29Cl*NGC5466NH35,Cl*NGC5466NH38,Cl*NGC 5466NH39and Cl*NGC5466NH49by Nemec&Mateo(1990);hereafter referred to as SXP1,SXP2and SXP3for new ones,and NH27,NH29,NH35,NH38,NH39and NH49for known ones,respectively.Results on the eclipsing binaries,a Cepheid and RR Lyrae stars in NGC5466will be presented in a separate paper(Lee et al.2004).We adopt the zero interstellar reddening and the distance modulus(m−M)0=16.00in this study(Harris 1996).This paper is composed as follows.Observations and data reduction are described in§2.§3describes selection of variable stars in NGC5466,and§4presents the light curves and frequency analysis of the SX Phoenicis stars.§5discusses the characteristics of these SX Phoenicis stars,including mode identification and the P-L relation.Finally primary results are summarized in§6.2.Observations and Data Reduction2.1.ObservationsWe obtained time series CCD images of NGC5466for22nights from February8th, 1999to March23rd,2002.Total observing time is27.1and133.7hours for B and V bands, respectively.A total of48and944frames were obtained for B and V bands,respectively. Because the observations were performed under various seeing(0.9∼4.5arcsec)and weather conditions,we adjusted exposure times depending on the seeing and transmission of the night sky.The observation log is listed in Table1.EDITOR:PLACE TABLE1HERE.The CCD images were obtained with a thinned SITe2k CCD camera attached to the1.8m telescope at the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory(BOAO)in Korea.Thefield of view of a CCD image is11.′6×11.′6(0.3438arcsec pixel−1)at the f/8Cassegrain focus of the telescope.The readout noise,gain and readout time of the CCD are7.0e−,1.8e −/ADU and100seconds,respectively.A greyscale map of a V band CCD image is shown in Figure1.It shows only a central region(7.′6×5.′7)of the cluster,out of the total observingfield of11.′6×11.′6.Nine SX Phoenicis stars are represented by circles labeled their names in Figure1.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE1HERE.2.2.Data ReductionUsing the IRAF/CCDRED package,we processed the CCD images to correct overscan regions,trim unreliable subsections,subtract bias frames andflatten images.Instrumentalmagnitudes were obtained using the point spread function(PSF)fitting photometry routine in the IRAF/DAOPHOT package(Stetson1987;Massey&Davis1992).Nemec&Harris (1987)presented photoelectric photometry of36stars in the outer region of NGC5466,of which we select ten stars for the standardization of the instrumental magnitudes.They are located in our observingfields.For standardization,we selected nine andfive frames for V and B bands,respectively,taken under good seeing conditions on March12,2002.The derived transformation equations areV=v+constant−0.071(±0.01)(B−V),(1)B=b+constant+0.169(±0.01)(B−V),(2) where v and b are instrumental magnitudes of V and B bands,respectively.The color coefficients are average values for nine frames for V band andfive farmes for B band, respectively.Constants are the zero points of the individual frames.Finally,we have obtained the standard magnitudes of the stars by averaging the magnitudes of all the frames.The residuals between photoelectric magnitudes and derived magnitudes for standard stars are∆V=−0.001±0.027and∆(B−V)=0.005±0.056,respectively.There are no systematic deviations depending on magnitudes or colors.3.Selection of Variable StarsIn Figure2we display(V,B−V)diagram of a total of about10,600stars in the observingfield of NGC5466.The left panel shows the color-magnitude diagram(CMD) for a central region at r<1.′0,and the right panel shows the CMD for an outer region at r≥1.′0.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE2HERE.In Figure2the main sequence(MS),the red giant branch(RGB)and the horizontal branch (HB)are clearly seen on both panels.In addition,there are about60stars at the brighter and bluer region above the MS turnoff(represented by boxes on both panels),which are blue stragglers.We applied the ensemble normalization technique(Gilliland&Brown1988;Jeon et al.2001)to normalize instrumental magnitudes between time-series CCD frames.We used about a hundred normalizing stars ranging from13.7mag to19.0mag for the V band and from13.7mag to18.5mag for the B band.We exclude variable stars and stars located within r=0.′5to avoid the crowding effects.For B band data,we use them only for obtaining mean magnitudes,because the data quality was not good enough to apply frequency analysis.The normalization equation we used isB or V=m+c1+c2(B−V)+c3P x+c4P y(3) where B,V,and m are the standard and instrumental magnitudes of the normalizing stars,respectively.c1is the zero point and c2is the color coefficient.c3and c4are used to correct position-dependent terms such as atmospheric differential extinction,flatfield error and variable PSF.The typical values of the coefficients are c1=−3.265,c2=−0.037, c3=0.000021and c4=−0.000029.P x and P y are the positions in the CCD,which are ranged from1to2048.After photometric reduction of the time-series frames,we inspected by eyes luminosity variations for about10,600stars in the entirefield to search for variable stars.From this we have detected nine SX Phoenicis stars.Six of them are previously known,and three are newly discovered in this research.We also recovered previously known19RR Lyrae stars, three eclipsing binaries and a Cepheid.Among the nine SX Phoenicis stars,the three newly discovered ones are designated by SXP1,SXP2and SXP3.SXP1is located near a bright star,and SXP2and SXP3arelocated very close to the center of the cluster and have very low amplitudes(see Figure3). Although seven of the nine SX Phoenicis stars are located in the central region at r<1.′5, we could detect them easily due to the sparseness of the cluster.For the globular clusters M53(Jeon et al.2003)and M15(Jeon et al.2001),we found SX Phoenicis stars only in the outer region at r>2.′0;those clusters have very crowded central regions,so it is very difficult to detect SX Phoenicis stars in their central regions.The coordinates,mean magnitudes and color indices of the nine SX Phoenicis stars are listed in Table2.EDITOR:PLACE TABLE2HERE.The right ascension and declination coordinates(J2000.0)of the stars in Table2were obtained from the astrometry using the Guide Star Catalogue(Version1.1).4.Light Curves and Frequency AnalysisFigure3displays V band light curves of the SX Phoenicis stars.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE3HERE.In each panel we show a mean photometric error of each observing night by an errorbar in the left-lower corner.Although NGC5466has a well resolved structure,all the SX Phoenicis stars except for NH39suffer still from contamination effects due to neighbor stars.Some photometric data for the four SX Phoenicis stars located near the cluster center were lost by poor seeing and/or bad sky conditions caused by moon lights or thin clouds. The light curves in Figure3show typical characteristics of SX Phoenicis stars,i.e.,short periods and low amplitudes.We have performed multiple-frequency analysis to determine pulsating frequencies of the nine SX Phoenicis stars,using the discrete Fourier transform and linear least-square fitting methods(Kim&Lee1995;Jeon et al.2001).Figure4displays the power spectra of the light curves for the nine SX Phoenicis stars.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE4HERE.Each panel shows the prewhitening process to derive each peak in the power spectrum with window spectra represented in the inner panels.Low frequencies detected in all the SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466except forNH49and SXP2have resulted from variable seeing condition and/or drift during long observing runs from1999to2002.Synthetic light curves obtained from these analyses are superimposed on the data in Figure3,and theyfit the data well.Some unrealistic light curves of NH38around HJD2452069.0are resulted from high-orderfitting to small number of data.The results of the multiple-frequency analysis for the nine SX Phoenicis stars are summarized in Table3.EDITOR:PLACE TABLE3HERE.The signal-to-noise ratios are defined to be the square root of the ratio of the power for each frequency to the average power after prewhitening all frequencies.We assume a real frequency to have the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio larger than4.0as done by Breger et al.(1993).During the analysis we detected many harmonic frequencies and probable nonradial frequencies in addition to the primary frequencies of each star.Most of the frequencieshave been affected by1cycle day−1alias effect.The primary period modes for these SX Phoenicis stars range from0.0386days to0.0552days,and the semi-amplitudes of the variability range from0.023mag to0.221mag.We divide the sample of SX Phoenicis stars into three groups:1)Double-radial mode SX Phoenicis stars(SXP2,SXP3,NH35,NH38and NH39),2)Single-radial mode SX Phoenicis stars with long-term variations(SXP1and NH29),and3)Single-radial mode SX Phoenicis stars without long-term variations(NH27and NH49).Individual SX Phoenicis stars in each group are described in appendix.4.1.Double-Radial Mode SX Phoenicis StarsDouble-radial mode stars are very useful to identify the pulsating modes of SX Phoenicis stars.SXP3,NH35and NH39show the double-radial mode oscillations.Their period ratios are P1H/P F=0.7979,0.7825and0.7826respectively.Thefirst radial modes are f3,f5and f3of SXP3,NH35and NH39,respectively.The double-radial mode features of these three stars are considered to be intrinsic ones.Interestingly,NH39shows the combination frequencies of the two radial modes;f4and f6corresponding to f3−f1and f3+f1,respectively.For NH35f4is a suspected harmonic frequency of f5−f1affected by1cycle day−1aliases.The period ratios help us to identify their pulsation modes with confidence.The period ratios of SXP3,NH35and NH39are close to the theoretical ratios of the fundamental andfirst overtone mode for SX Phoenicis stars with extremely low metal abundance(Santolamazza et al.2001).In Figure5we compare the period ratios of SXP3, NH35and NH39with the theoretical period ratios for various Log L/L⊙with Z=0.0001 and M/M⊙=1.0by Santolamazza et al.(2001).EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE5HERE.Figure5shows that the two double-radial mode SX Phoenicis stars,NH35and NH39,are located on the Log L/L⊙=0.8line,and that SXP3is consistent with the Log L/L⊙=0.6 ing Table2of Santolamazza et al.(2001)we estimate the temperatures of all these three stars to be about7700K.SXP2and NH38in Table3are also suspected double-radial mode pulsators.But we could not obtain precise frequencies for the secondary radial modes because of the poor data quality.Their period ratios P1H/P F are0.764and0.810,respectively.These values depart from the theoretical ranges for the ratio of P1H/P F.The frequencies of the suspected to be secondary radial modes are probably real ones,according to the amplitude signal-to-noise ratios(see Table3)and features of power spectra in Figure4.If we assume that they are affected by the1cycle day−1aliases,the period ratios of SXP2and NH38can be0.781and 0.798,respectively,which are well consistent to the theoretical P1H/P F.We consider SXP2 and NH38to be candidates of double-radial mode SX Phoenicis stars.4.2.Single-Radial Mode SX Phoenicis Stars with Long-Term VariationsSXP1and NH29show distinct low frequencies,1.5616and0.4268cycle day−1,and their V amplitudes are0.076and0.158mag,respectively.The low frequencies are clearly identified in the power spectra of Figure4and in light curves of Figure3.Their amplitude signal-to-noise ratios are8.7and18.2,respectively.We have checked an existence of bad pixels on the CCD images,finding no bad pixels near these stars.We propose cautiously that the low frequencies of SXP1and NH29are caused by a nonradial g-mode and a contact binary,respectively.SXP1is a very interesting pulsator,if their nonradial mode is real.This is thefirst discovery in globular clusters for a pulsator which possesses p-mode (characterized by an SX Phoenicis star)and g-mode(characterized by aγDoradus star), simultaneously.As an example for this type of pulsators,Handler et al.(2002)found thecharacteristics ofδScuti andγDoradus type pulsations for afield binary HD209295.But Henry,Fekel&Henry(2004)found that a long-term period component of HD207651, 1.3598cycle day−1=0.73540day,was not resulted fromγDoradus type term but the ellipticity effect.From the spectoscopic observations an eclipsing period was twice the period of the long-term period seen in the photometry.Figure6is a phase diagram of the long period of2.3430days for NH29.It showsa distinct light variation.If this is a contact eclipsing binary star,the total period will be about two times of the long-term period.Otherwise,it could be a g-mode frequency similar to the long-term variation of SXP1.Unfortunately the data are not good enough for accurate frequency analysis.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE6HERE.5.Discussion5.1.Characteristics of the SX Phoenicis StarsIn Figure7,we show the position of the nine SX Phoenicis stars in the color-magnitude diagram of NGC5466,listing their mean magnitudes and color indices in Table2.Figure7 shows that all the SX Phoenicis stars are located in the blue straggler region,brighter and bluer than the main sequence turnoffpoint.It is known that all the known SX Phoenicis stars in globular clusters are BSSs,but there are non-variable stars among the BSSs.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE7HERE.In Figure8we have compared the V amplitudes and periods of the SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466(filled circles)with those of SX Phoenicis stars in other globular clusters,fieldSX Phoenicis stars andδScuti stars.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE8HERE.It includes the SX Phoenicis stars in M53(star symbols)and M15(a cross)discovered by our previous searches for variable blue stragglers in globular clusters(Jeon et al.2001, 2003).The sources of the data in Figure8are Rodr´ıguez et al.(2000)forfield SX Phoenicis stars andδScuti stars,and Rodr´ıguez&Lop´e z-Gonz´a lez(2000)for SX Phoenicis stars in Galactic globular clusters.Figure8shows that the V amplitudes and periods of the SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466are consistent with those for SX Phoenicis stars in other globular clusters;the V amplitudes increases steeply with increasing period,and the V amplitudes of SX Phoenicis stars are larger than those ofδScuti stars with the same period.5.2.Radial Mode IdentificationA method for mode identification is to use a pulsation constant,Q,denoted asQ=Pρ1/2where P andρare the period and mean density of variable stars,respectively.Q values of overtone mode are smaller than that of the fundamental mode(Breger2000).Q values can be derived using a photometric method such as Str¨o mgrem uvby Hβobservation (Rodr´ıguez et al.2003).Another photometric method is to use SX Phoenicis stars with double-radial mode,but the SX Phoenicis stars with double-radial mode are rare. Fortunately,five(including two candidates)of the SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466are found to have double-radial modes,so their modes are identified clearly.All the double-radial mode stars(SXP2,SXP3,NH35,NH38and NH39)show the fundamental andfirst overtone modes,as described in§3.1.The mode of the rest of the SX Phoenicis stars can be identified using the amplitude,period and luminosity.NH27is identified as thefirst overtone mode because of its V amplitude,0.246mag,being slightly lower,and especially the position in the period-magnitude diagram as shown in Figure9.SXP1has a high amplitude,and is located in the fundamental region in the period-magnitude diagram.So it is a fundamental mode star.In Table3,NH35,NH38,NH39and NH49show harmonic frequencies supporting asymmetric sinusoidal features.Moreover their total light amplitudes have a range of0.282∼0.730 mag,which are characteristics of high amplitudeδScuti(HADS)stars.So,their mode are clearly identified to be fundamental radial oscillations.Their primary and secondary radial periods correspond to the fundamental andfirst overtone radial modes,respectively.NH29 is thefirst overtone mode star according to its low amplitude(0.142mag),well defined sinusoidal feature in the light curve(see Figure3)and the location in the period-magnitude diagram.Seven of nine SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466show the fundamental mode or double-radial mode with the fundamental andfirst overtone modes.They are displayed by open andfilled circles in the color-magnitude diagram in Figure7,respectively.Twofilled triangles denote thefirst overtone mode stars.The identified radial modes are listed in the last column of Table3.McNamara(2000,2001)suggested that the light amplitude and the degree of asymmetry of the light curves are useful parameters for identifying the pulsating modes. Generally this method is very useful for systems with a small number of pulsators and/or no double-radial mode stars therein.However,in many cases these criteria do not give a unique solution to identify pulsating modes,especially for SX Phoenicis stars with very low amplitudes and short periods such as SXP2and SXP3in NGC5466.5.3.Period-Luminosity RelationThe P-L relation of SX Phoenicis stars in the globular clusters is very useful to obtain the distance moduli of the clusters and nearby galaxies(McNamara1995).However,it is not easy to define well the P-L relation from the observations,because there are often a mixture of different pulsation modes(Jeon et al.2003;McNamara2001).But we can easily identify the pulsating mode using the double-radial mode stars as described in the previous section.Figure9presents the P-L relation for the SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466.EDITOR:PLACE FIGURE9HERE.It shows that the sample can be separated into two discrete groups;one is identified as a fundamental mode group(filled circles),and the other is afirst overtone mode group(filled triangles and open triangles).The solid line represents the fundamental P-L relation,and the line is shifted to the dashed line corresponding to thefirst overtone mode stars by the ratio P1H/P F=0.783.The P-L relation for fundamental mode in NGC5466is derived to be<V>=−3.25(±0.46)LogP+14.70(±0.06),(σ=±0.04),(4) which corresponds to<M V>=−3.25(±0.46)LogP−1.30(±0.06)(5) for an adopted distance modulus of(m−M)V=16.00and E(B−V)=0.00(Harris1996),The empirical P-L relations have been obtained usingfield HADS stars and/or cluster SX Phoenicis stars identified by their pulsating modes.The slopes derived byfield HADS stars and SX Phoenicis stars inωCen show on the whole steeper ones up to–4.66(McNamara2000),whereasδScuti stars,SX Phoenicis stars in other globular clusters and theoretical results showflatter slopes up to–2.88(Pych et al.2001).The slope of−3.25for NGC5466is in a good agreement with the results for M53(Jeon et al.2003)and M55(Pych et al.2001).Jeon et al.(2003)obtained a slope of−3.01for the fundamental mode stars in M53and Pych et al.(2001)derived a slope of−2.88for the fundamental mode and a slope of−3.1for thefirst overtone mode stars in M55.The slope for NGC5466derived in this study agrees also well with the theoretical values of–3.04by Santolamazza et al.(2001)and–3.05by Templeton,Basu&Demarque(2002).6.SummaryThrough time-series CCD photometry of the globular cluster NGC5466,we detect three newly discovered and six known SX Phoenicis stars.Owing to the extremely open, well-resolved structure of NGC5466,we could detect easily many short period variable stars such as SX Phoenicis stars and eclipsing binaries even in the central region.All the SX Phoenicis stars are found to be located in the blue straggler star region of the CMD.Physical parameters of these stars are summarized in Tables2and3.From the Fourier analysis,we findfive double-radial mode stars including two candidates.These stars are very useful to determine the radial modes of SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466.These stars show period ratios of the two radial modes which are consistent with the theoretical ratio of thefirst overtone mode to the fundamental mode(P1H/P F).Using seven SX Phoenicis stars which are considered to be pulsating in the fundamental mode,we derive a P-L relation for the fundamental mode in NGC5466,<V>=−3.25(±0.46)LogP+14.70(±0.06),(σ=0.04). The slope of−3.25for NGC5466is in a good agreement with the empirical results for M53(−3.01;Jeon et al.(2003))and M55(−2.88;Pych et al.(2001)),and the theoretical results of–3.04by Santolamazza et al.(2001)and–3.05by Templeton,Basu&Demarque(2002).M.G.L.was supported in part by the Korean Research Foundation Grant(KRF-2000-DP0450).SXP1:It is located very close to a bright star.We could detect four frequencies including a low frequency f2=1.5616cycle day−1.f3is clearly a harmonic frequency of f1 corresponding to2f1.A close frequency f4for f1seems to be a nonradial frequency affected by1cycle day−1aliases.SXP2:During the pre-whitening processes,we have detectedfive more frequencies whose amplitude signal-to-noise ratio is larger than3.6.But we could only confirm three frequencies with their amplitude signal-to-noise ratios larger than4.0(see Table3).The former two frequencies,f1and f2seem to be a pair of double-radial mode,and the latter f3 is a combination frequency corresponding to f1+f2.Probably f3was affected by1cycle day−1aliases.The superimposed synthetic light curves of SXP2in Figure3are calculated using f1and f2only.In Figure4,some frequency peaks are shown in the lower panel of SXP2.To confirm these frequencies,better data are needed.SXP3:During the pre-whitening processes we have detected six frequencies whose amplitude signal-to-noise ratios are larger than3.7.But we can only confirm three frequencies:f1=25.8994,f2=25.4323and f3=32.7041cycles day−1.Two frequencies,f1 and f3,might be a pair of double-radial mode,and f2be a nonradial mode affected by1 cycle day−1alias effect.Among the rest of six frequencies a peak of28.1463cycles day−1in Figure4seems to be an intrinsic one.But the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio is only3.7. To confirm this frequency,better data are needed.NH27:NH27is the brightest star among the nine SX Phoenicis stars in NGC5466. We have detected four frequencies with their amplitude signal-to-noise ratios larger than4.0(see Table3).f2and f3show close frequencies to f1.The primary frequency f1has a higher priority of a radial mode frequency among three close frequencies considering the higher amplitude and the existence of a harmonic frequency.But the primary frequency f1 is also latent nonradial mode with the other two close frequencies.Though f2is a lower frequency(i.e.a longer period)than that of the primary frequency f1,it seems to be a nonradial mode.f3can be explained by the excitation of a nonradial mode,too.These closely separated nonradial mode frequencies were found in several recent observations of the SX Phoenicis stars(Jeon et al.2001,2003).The amplitude signal-to-noise ratio of f4 is only4.0,but its frequency39.4356cycles day−1is identical with2f1.In Figure4the fourth frequency of NH27is shown to be distinct.It is probably a harmonic frequencyof the primary frequency f1.We can see easily the asymmetric shape of the harmonic frequency and amplitude modulating feature by closely separated frequencies in Figure3. The frequency ratios are f2/f1=0.985and f1/f3=0.980.NH29:The oscillating feature of NH29is very abnormal.It shows a distinct long period variable feature as shown in Figure3.The period of long-term variation is2.3430 days(see Figure6).f2of NH29is a radial frequency with total V amplitude of0.138mag.NH35:Five frequencies with the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio≥5.0are detected from multiple-frequency analysis for NH35.f1and f5are radial mode ones described in §3.1.f2,f3and f4are harmonic or combination frequencies corresponding to2f1,3f1 and f5−f1,respectively.The total V amplitude is0.730mag.This star shows a typical feature of HADS stars with only one or two stable frequencies and high amplitude(typically ∆V≥0.4mag)compared to the feature of complicated oscillation pattern and several frequencies with low amplitude(typically∆V≤0.05mag)of low amplitudeδScuti(LADS; Petersen&Christensen-Dalsgaard(1996))stars.NH38:NH38is located near a brighter star as seen in Figure1,so observing dataobtained with bad seeing conditions were not useful.Four frequencies are detected for NH38.The primary and third frequencies,f1and f3,show a possibility of double-radial mode pair explained§3.1.f2and f4seem to be harmonic frequencies of f1corresponding to2f1and3f1.In Figure4there are two more frequencies peaked on the left side of f3,but their amplitude signal-to-noise ratios are too low to confirm them.NH39:NH39is isolated well,so hardly affected by seeing conditions.We detect six frequencies with the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio≥4.1.f1and f3are identified radial mode frequencies by the their period ratio.f2,f4and f6are harmonic or combination frequencies corresponding to2f1,f3−f1and f3+f1,respectively.A closely separated frequency of f1is detected by f5with the amplitude signal-to-noise ratio of5.1.NH39also shows a characteristics of HADS stars,like NH35,with the total V amplitude,0.460mag.NH49:Comparing to<V>magnitudes,period and V amplitudes of the primary periods(Nemec&Mateo1990),this is identified as NH49.NH49has a radial mode frequency f1and a harmonic frequency f2.This star is a mono-periodic pulsator.。